Construction engineering waste crushing device
By designing an upper drying oven and a lower crushing chamber, combined with heating and cooling devices, the problems of wear and dust in the crushing device are solved, achieving a highly efficient and safe sand and gravel crushing process.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANDONG FAIR ENG CONSULTING CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-04
AI Technical Summary
The existing crushing equipment suffers severe wear and tear, and the sand and gravel waste is prone to splashing and generating smoke and dust, posing a safety hazard.
It adopts an upper drying oven and a lower crushing box structure, combined with heating rods, cooling spray components and protective devices. It reduces the hardness of sand and gravel through buffer storage and the synergistic effect of heating and cooling, prevents splashing and suppresses dust, uses crushing rollers for multi-angle crushing, and recycles water resources.
It improves crushing efficiency and particle size uniformity, reduces equipment wear and dust concentration, ensures safety and equipment stability, and saves water resources.
Smart Images
Figure CN224585988U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of auxiliary equipment for construction projects, and in particular to a waste crushing device for construction projects. Background Technology
[0002] Construction projects refer to all kinds of buildings and engineering facilities that provide the material and technical basis for human life and production. During the construction process, a large amount of sand and gravel waste is usually generated. The sand and gravel in the waste can be reused, so there is a wide market demand for sand and gravel waste crushing equipment.
[0003] Most existing crushing devices directly feed the material to be crushed into the equipment for crushing, which causes significant wear and tear on the equipment and can easily reduce its service life. In addition, the crushing of sand and gravel waste can easily cause splashing and generate a large amount of smoke and dust, which poses certain risks to the safety and health of operators. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned existing technical problems, this utility model provides a waste crushing device for construction projects.
[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is achieved through the following scheme: a waste crushing device for construction projects, including an upper drying box and a lower crushing box, wherein the upper drying box is detachably installed on the lower crushing box, the inner cavity of the upper drying box is connected to the lower crushing box through a material feeding plate arranged opposite to each other, a water tank is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the lower crushing box, and a return ejector filter plate is provided above the water tank; The two feed plates and the side wall of the upper drying oven form a first cavity and a second cavity. A protective support plate is detachably installed on the first cavity, and a protective mesh plate is detachably installed on the second cavity. A screw sealing component is installed in the first cavity, and the screw sealing component penetrates through the feed plate. A cooling spray assembly is provided in the second cavity, and the cooling spray assembly is connected to a water tank.
[0006] Preferably, the upper oven includes an upper chamber, heating rods, and a rebound buffer slope. The rebound buffer slopes are installed in opposite directions in the inner cavity of the upper chamber and are connected to the feeding plate. A placement groove is opened in the inner cavity of the upper chamber, and several heating rods are located in the placement groove. A heat-conducting protective plate is detachably installed at the opening of the placement groove.
[0007] Preferably, the two feed plates and the side wall of the upper box form a first cavity and a second cavity, and the upper box is screwed to the lower crushing box.
[0008] Preferably, the lower crushing box includes a support box and a plurality of crushing rollers, the plurality of crushing rollers are installed inside the support box, the plurality of crushing rollers face the feed plate, and the return ejector filter plate is located between the plurality of crushing rollers and the water tank.
[0009] Preferably, the lead screw sealing component includes a lead screw assembly and a sealing plate, the sealing plate being movably mounted on the lead screw assembly, and a slide rail adapted to the sealing plate being formed in the first cavity.
[0010] Preferably, the upper drying oven is equipped with a feeding hopper, and the feeding hopper is also equipped with a cooling spray assembly. The rebound discharge filter plate passes through the lower crushing box and overlaps on the collection trough.
[0011] Preferably, the cooling spray assembly includes a plurality of water mist nozzles and a pump body. The plurality of water mist nozzles are respectively disposed on the second cavity and the feed hopper. The water mist nozzles are connected to the pump body through water supply pipes, and the pump body is connected to the water tank through water supply pipes.
[0012] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model uses an upper drying oven to buffer and heat up the sand and gravel waste, and then uses a cooling spray assembly in the lower crushing chamber to rapidly cool the sand and gravel. The synergistic effect of heating and cooling reduces the hardness of the sand and gravel, making it easier to crush, thereby greatly improving crushing efficiency and making the crushed particles more uniform. The protective support plate and protective mesh plate not only provide reliable protection for the internal components of the chamber, preventing the sand and gravel waste from damaging key components during processing, but also allow for timely replacement when the protective plates are worn or damaged. The water used in the cooling spray process can be returned to the water tank through the return ejector filter plate, reducing water waste. The sprayed water mist can fully contact the dust, causing the dust to settle quickly, thereby effectively reducing the dust concentration during the crushing process.
[0013] 2. Through the synergistic action of the heating rod and the heat-conducting protective plate, heat is evenly and stably transferred to the sand and gravel waste in the upper chamber, avoiding the problem of squeezing damage that may be caused by direct contact between the heating rod and the sand and gravel; the relatively set rebound buffer slope not only has a buffering effect, which can reduce the impact force when the sand and gravel waste enters the upper drying box and prevent damage to the internal structure of the upper drying box due to high-speed impact, but also guides the sand and gravel waste smoothly into the lower crushing box, ensuring the continuity and stability of material conveying.
[0014] 3. The crushing rollers crush the sand and gravel from multiple angles and in all directions. The rebound discharge filter plate is located between several crushing rollers and the water tank, forming a layered structure. The sand and gravel particles that have been initially crushed by the crushing rollers will fall onto the rebound discharge filter plate, and the water will be simply filtered and recycled while the material is being discharged through vibration. The screw assembly is easy to operate and plug, and its operation is stable and reliable.
[0015] 4. Water mist is sprayed through the water mist nozzles to suppress dust and create a relatively low-temperature and humid environment, which can quickly cool down the sand and gravel waste and ensure that the dust concentration in the feed hopper area remains at a low level. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the upper drying oven of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper oven of this utility model from a frontal perspective; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the upper drying oven of this utility model from an upward angle; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lead screw sealing component of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the lead screw sealing component of this utility model inside the upper housing; Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lower crushing box of this utility model from a main perspective; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower crushing box from the rear view of this utility model; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower crushing box of this utility model from the main perspective.
[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Upper drying oven; 11. Upper chamber; 12. Heating rod; 13. Rebound buffer slope; 14. Feeding plate; 2. Lower crushing chamber; 21. Support box; 22. Crushing roller; 23. Water tank; 3. Cooling spray assembly; 31. Water mist nozzle; 32. Pump body; 33. Water supply pipe; 4. Screw plug; 41. Screw assembly; 42. Blocking plate; 5. Protective mesh plate; 6. Protective support plate; 7. Thermal conductive protective plate; 8. Rebound material filter plate; 9. Feed hopper; 101. Collection trough; 102. Wire. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0019] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0020] A waste crushing device for construction projects, such as Figures 1-9 As shown, it includes an upper drying oven 1 and a lower crushing box 2. The upper drying oven 1 is detachably installed on the lower crushing box 2. The cooling spray assembly 3 is fixed to the side of the box by clamps. The upper drying oven 1 is provided with sealing screw plates on all sides except the side where the cooling spray assembly 3 is attached. The position of the sealing screw plate of the lower crushing box 2 is the same as that of the upper drying oven 1. The two boxes are sealed and screwed together. The inner cavity of the upper drying oven 1 is connected to the lower crushing box 2 through the oppositely arranged feed plate 14. The bottom of the inner cavity of the lower crushing box 2 is provided with a water tank 23, and a return ejector filter plate 8 is provided above the water tank 23.
[0021] The upper drying oven 1 and the lower crushing box 2 are detachable, which makes it convenient to inspect and repair each component when the device malfunctions or requires regular maintenance, thus reducing maintenance costs and difficulty.
[0022] A maintenance panel is located on the side of the lower crushing box 2. It can be removed by unscrewing the four corner bolts to remove impurities from the water tank 23 in the lower crushing box 2. Since fine dust will inevitably enter the water tank 23 during the crushing of sand and gravel waste, a filter screen is provided at the water intake end of the cooling spray assembly 3 connected to the water tank 23 to prevent impurities from entering. A water inlet is located next to the cooling spray assembly 3 to add water to or change the water in the water tank 23.
[0023] Two feed plates 14 and the side wall of the upper oven 1 form a first cavity and a second cavity. The feed plates 14 and the upper oven 1 are integrally set. A protective support plate 6 is detachably installed on the first cavity, and a protective mesh plate 5 is detachably installed on the second cavity. The protective mesh plate 5 is a steel grating plate. A screw sealing component 4 is installed in the first cavity. The screw sealing component 4 passes through the feed plates 14. The feed plates 14 near the screw sealing component 4 have movable grooves that are adapted to the sealing plate 42 of the screw sealing component 4. The movable grooves abut against the other feed plate 14, thereby preventing the sand and gravel from falling and ensuring that they are fully heated in the upper oven 1. A cooling spray assembly 3 is provided in the second cavity. The cooling spray assembly 3 is connected to the water tank 23. Both the protective support plate 6 and the protective mesh plate 5 are n-shaped to prevent the sand and gravel from splashing during crushing and damaging the cooling spray assembly 3 and the screw sealing component 4.
[0024] When the upper oven 1 is heated, a temperature sensor can be suspended at the feed hopper 9 to measure the temperature inside the upper oven 1. After the sand and gravel waste is heated to a high temperature, it enters the lower crushing box 2. After being sprayed by the cooling spray component 3, the lower crushing box 2 reduces dust. During crushing, the screw sealing component 4 extends to isolate the channel between the upper oven 1 and the lower crushing box 2, preventing sand and gravel from splashing back into the upper oven 1. It can also prevent sand and dust from escaping from the upper oven 1. Furthermore, cooling water is used to quickly cool the high-temperature sand and gravel. By heating and rapidly cooling the sand and gravel, the hardness of the sand and gravel is reduced, making it easier to crush.
[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the upper drying oven 1 is equipped with a feeding hopper 9, and the feeding hopper 9 is also equipped with a cooling spray assembly 3. When the material is being injected, the cooling spray assembly 3 at the feeding hopper 9 is opened to spray and reduce dust. After the material is injected, the cooling spray assembly 3 is stopped. The ejected material filter plate 8 passes through the lower crushing box 2 and overlaps on the collection trough 101. The ejected material filter plate 8 is composed of a screen plate and several spring columns. The screen plate is installed in the lower crushing box 2 by tilting and moving through several spring columns.
[0026] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the upper oven 1 includes an upper chamber 11, heating rods 12, and a rebound buffer slope 13. The rebound buffer slope 13 is installed in the inner cavity of the upper chamber 11 and is connected to the feeding plate 14. A placement groove is opened in the inner cavity of the upper chamber 11, and several heating rods 12 are located in the placement groove. The wires 102 of the heating rods 12 pass through the upper chamber 11 and are connected to the external control cabinet. A heat-conducting protective plate 7 is detachably installed at the opening of the placement groove. The rebound buffer slope 13 is composed of a triangular ramp and a spring column rebound plate. The inclined side of the triangular ramp has a groove that matches the spring column rebound plate. The spring column rebound plate is movably installed in the groove. The triangular ramp and the upper chamber 11 are integrally set. The maximum rebound force of the spring column rebound plate will not exceed the height of the groove, so as to prevent sand and gravel from entering the spring column area.
[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the two feed plates 14 and the side wall of the upper box 11 form the first cavity and the second cavity. The upper box 11 is screwed to the lower crushing box 2, and the upper box 11 and the support box 21 are sealed and screwed together.
[0028] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the screw sealing component 4 includes a screw assembly 41 and a sealing plate 42. The sealing plate 42 is movably mounted on the screw assembly 41. A slide rail adapted to the sealing plate 42 is opened in the first cavity. The sealing plate 42 is made of thick steel plate. The motor of the screw assembly 41 is exposed and set on the sealing screw plate of the upper box 11. Its drive end passes through the upper box 11 and is connected to the screw. The operator can flexibly adjust the size of the opening of the sealing plate 42 through the screw, thereby accurately controlling the flow rate of sand and gravel waste from the upper drying box 1 into the lower crushing box 2.
[0029] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the lower crushing box 2 includes a support box 21 and a number of crushing rollers 22. The crushing rollers 22 are installed inside the support box 21 and face the feed plate 14. The ejector filter plate 8 is located between the crushing rollers 22 and the water tank 23. The number of crushing rollers 22 is preferably four. They are arc-shaped and face the discharge channel formed by the two feed plates 14 in the upper box 11. The ejector filter plate 8 is tilted at 30 degrees.
[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, the cooling spray assembly 3 includes several water mist nozzles 31 and a pump body 32. The water mist nozzles 31 are respectively installed on the second cavity and the feed hopper 9. The water mist nozzles 31 are connected to the pump body 32 through a water supply pipe 33. The pump body 32 is connected to the water tank 23 through a water supply pipe 33. One water mist nozzle 31 is installed at the feed hopper 9 at an upward angle. Two water mist nozzles 31 are installed in the second cavity, facing the lower crushing box 2. The water mist nozzles 31 can produce fine water mist particles, making the mist cooling more gentle, extending the service life of the equipment, and effectively cooling the crushing roller 22.
[0031] All parts and equipment use conventional models in the existing technology. In addition, the circuit connection and communication connection adopt conventional connection methods in the existing technology, which will not be described in detail here. For example, the wire 102 of the heating rod 12, the pump body 32, the drive end of the lead screw assembly 41 and the drive motor of the crushing roller 22 are connected to the external control cabinet for control. The water mist nozzle 31 at the feed hopper 9 and the water mist nozzle 31 in the second cavity of the upper drying oven 1 are connected to the pump body 32 through different valves to complete their respective spraying operations. The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.
[0032] Working principle: First, the upper drying chamber 1 and the lower crushing chamber 2 are blocked by the screw sealing part 4. The sand and gravel to be crushed are poured into the feed hopper 9. Then, the heating rod 12 is activated to heat the sand and gravel, so that the sand and gravel are heated up quickly. Then, the screw sealing part 4 is opened. At this time, the sand and gravel enter the lower crushing chamber 2. Because the weight of the sand and gravel in the upper drying chamber 1 is reduced, the rebound plate in the rebound buffer slope 13 rebounds due to the reduced force, so that the remaining sand and gravel move into the lower crushing chamber 2. Then, all the sand and gravel are caught by the four arc-shaped crushing rollers 22. Then, the water mist nozzles 31 in the second chamber are activated to make the lower crushing chamber 2 a relatively humid and cooling environment, so as to quickly cool the high temperature sand and gravel. The cooled sand and gravel are crushed by the crushing rollers 22. Finally, the crushed sand and gravel are discharged from the rebound discharge filter plate 8. The sprayed water mist is recovered into the water tank 23 through the rebound discharge filter plate 8.
[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments for application in other fields. However, any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the technical solution of the present utility model shall still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A waste crushing device for construction projects, characterized in that: It includes an upper drying oven (1) and a lower crushing box (2). The upper drying oven (1) is detachably installed on the lower crushing box (2). The inner cavity of the upper drying oven (1) is connected to the lower crushing box (2) through a feed plate (14) arranged opposite to each other. A water tank (23) is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the lower crushing box (2). A return ejector filter plate (8) is provided above the water tank (23). The two feed plates (14) together with the side wall of the upper oven (1) form a first cavity and a second cavity. A protective support plate (6) is detachably installed on the first cavity, and a protective mesh plate (5) is detachably installed on the second cavity. A screw sealing component (4) is installed in the first cavity, and the screw sealing component (4) passes through the feed plate (14). A cooling spray assembly (3) is provided in the second cavity, and the cooling spray assembly (3) is connected to the water tank (23).
2. The waste crushing device for construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper oven (1) includes an upper chamber (11), heating rods (12) and a rebound buffer slope (13). The rebound buffer slopes (13) are installed in opposite directions in the inner cavity of the upper chamber (11). The rebound buffer slopes (13) are connected to the feed plate (14). A placement groove is opened in the inner cavity of the upper chamber (11). Several heating rods (12) are located in the placement groove. A heat-conducting protective plate (7) is detachably installed at the opening of the placement groove.
3. The waste crushing device for construction projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two feed plates (14) and the side wall of the upper box (11) form a first cavity and a second cavity, and the upper box (11) is screwed to the lower crushing box (2).
4. The waste crushing device for construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower crushing box (2) includes a support box (21) and a plurality of crushing rollers (22). The plurality of crushing rollers (22) are installed inside the support box (21). The plurality of crushing rollers (22) face the feed plate (14). The return feed filter plate (8) is located between the plurality of crushing rollers (22) and the water tank (23).
5. The waste crushing device for construction projects according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lead screw sealing component (4) includes a lead screw assembly (41) and a sealing plate (42). The sealing plate (42) is movably mounted on the lead screw assembly (41), and a slide is provided in the first cavity to match the sealing plate (42).
6. The waste crushing device for construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper drying oven (1) is provided with a feeding hopper (9), and the feeding hopper (9) is also provided with a cooling spray assembly (3). The rebound ejector filter plate (8) passes through the lower crushing box (2) and overlaps on the collection trough (101).
7. The waste crushing device for construction projects according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cooling spray assembly (3) includes several water mist nozzles (31) and a pump body (32). The several water mist nozzles (31) are respectively arranged on the second cavity and the feed hopper (9). The water mist nozzles (31) are connected to the pump body (32) through water supply pipes (33). The pump body (32) is connected to the water tank (23) through water supply pipes (33).