Slope pre-stabilization structure for open pit mine structure deterioration
By installing adjustable anchoring components and linked buffer mechanisms on the slopes of open-pit mines, the problem of slope deterioration was solved, dynamic anchoring and multi-level buffering were achieved, and the stability and protection reliability of the slopes were improved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA GOLD INNER MONGOLIA MINING
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-04
AI Technical Summary
Open-pit mine slopes are prone to structural deterioration due to long-term mining and natural environmental factors. Existing anchoring structures lack dynamic adaptability and offer only one type of buffer protection, leading to loosening of anchoring points, low reliability of protection, and the risk of secondary landslides.
The system employs adjustable anchoring components and a linked buffer mechanism. Through the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism and the accumulation adjustment component, it achieves dynamic response and stress dispersion of slope deformation, enhances anchoring force, and provides multi-level buffer protection.
Dynamic anchoring of the slope was achieved, which enhanced stability and protection reliability, prevented anchor point loosening and protective netting tearing, and improved the adaptability and safety of the overall protection system.
Smart Images
Figure CN224591470U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of mine protection technology, and specifically relates to a pre-stabilization structure for deteriorated slopes in open-pit mines. Background Technology
[0002] Open-pit mine slopes are prone to structural deterioration under the long-term effects of mining operations and natural environmental factors (such as rainwater erosion, geological tectonic movements, and temperature changes). This manifests as slope crack expansion, localized rock mass slippage, and decreased overall stability, seriously threatening mine production safety. Current slope protection technologies mainly rely on a combination of static anchoring (such as anchor bolts and cables) and surface covering (such as shotcrete and protective netting), but these methods have the following limitations: Insufficient dynamic adaptability: Traditional anchoring structures are mostly rigidly fixed designs, making it difficult to dynamically adjust the anchoring force according to the real-time deformation of the slope. When the slope experiences slight displacement or stress concentration, it is easy to cause the anchoring points to loosen or fail, and even trigger the risk of secondary landslides.
[0003] Single-mode buffer protection: The surface protective net and the supporting structure lack a coordinated buffering mechanism. The instantaneous stress generated by local rockfall impact or slope deformation directly acts on the protective net, which can easily cause the net to tear or the fixed end to fall off, resulting in low protection reliability.
[0004] Therefore, in view of the dynamic characteristics of slope deterioration in open-pit mines, developing a pre-stabilizing structure with adaptive anchoring and multi-level buffering functions has become a key requirement for improving the reliability and safety of slope protection. Utility Model Content
[0005] This application provides a pre-stabilization structure for deteriorated slopes in open-pit mines. By setting adjustable anchoring components and a linkage buffer mechanism, it realizes dynamic response and stress dispersion of slope deformation, thereby solving the problems of poor adaptability and limited protection of traditional anchoring structures.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a pre-stabilization structure for deteriorated slopes in open-pit mines, including multiple anchor holes excavated on the slope, each anchor hole containing a pre-tightening adjustment mechanism, a cover chamber fixedly installed on the top of each pre-tightening adjustment mechanism, a fixed rod rotatably installed on the top of the cover chamber, the fixed rod being coaxially connected to a wire roller and a protective net being rotatably installed at the end away from the cover chamber, the wire roller being rotatably installed inside the cover chamber and connected to the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism, and the wire roller being connected to a pressure adjustment component; The pressure adjustment component includes a fixed bottom chamber, which is fixedly installed on the slope. A chute is opened on the inner wall of the fixed bottom chamber near the protective net. A pressure pusher plate is slidably installed in the chute. A compression spring is installed between the pressure pusher plate and the inner wall of the fixed bottom chamber. Two L-shaped rods are symmetrically installed on the side wall of the pressure pusher plate inside the fixed bottom chamber. A traction rope is installed on the L-shaped rod. Guide slots are opened through both sides of the chute on the inner wall of the fixed bottom chamber. The traction rope is wound around the roller through the guide slots.
[0007] In one embodiment, one end of the traction rope is fixedly connected to the L-shaped rod, and the other end is wound around and fixedly mounted on the roller furthest from the fixed bottom chamber, while the middle section of the traction rope is wound around the remaining rollers.
[0008] In one embodiment, the traction rope is a steel wire rope.
[0009] In one embodiment, multiple compression springs are arranged linearly within a fixed base chamber.
[0010] In one embodiment, the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism includes an anchor chamber placed inside an anchor hole. A linkage shaft is rotatably installed inside the anchor chamber. The top of the linkage shaft is coaxially connected to the roller. Two locking components are also provided on the linkage shaft. A slot is provided through the anchor chamber at the position corresponding to the two locking components.
[0011] In one embodiment, the two locking components are positioned 180° relative to each other on the linkage shaft.
[0012] In one embodiment, the locking assembly includes a bidirectional lead screw, which is coaxially mounted on a linkage shaft. Two connecting shaft seats are symmetrically mounted on the bidirectional lead screw via a threaded connection. Two connecting rotating seats are symmetrically mounted on the connecting shaft seats. One end of a connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the connecting rotating seats. The other end of the connecting rod is rotatably mounted with a pre-tightening anchor block via a shaft platform. The pre-tightening anchor block is relatively slidably mounted in a groove.
[0013] In one embodiment, the bidirectional lead screw consists of two screws with different directions of rotation.
[0014] In one embodiment, the top of the anchor hopper is provided with a connecting ring and the bottom is provided with a cone head, and the connecting ring is connected to the cover hopper.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are: 1. Dynamic anchoring enhances stability: Through the linkage design of the bidirectional screw and pre-tightening anchor block of the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism, the anchoring force can be dynamically adjusted according to the slope deformation, ensuring that the anchor hole always maintains reliable pre-tightening support, effectively coping with stress changes during the slope deterioration process.
[0016] 2. Multi-level buffer protection: The protective net and the pressure adjustment component form a dual protection system. The compression spring achieves flexible buffering of slope deformation through the pressure push plate, and the traction rope and linkage roller disperse local stress to avoid tearing of the protective net or detachment of the fixing point.
[0017] 3. Adaptive stress adjustment: When the slope undergoes local or overall deformation, the traction rope drives the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism through the roller to automatically increase the anchoring force, while the compressed spring stores energy to provide reverse buffering, realizing the adaptive matching between the anchoring system and the slope deformation.
[0018] 4. Safety protection mechanism: The sliding friction design between the traction rope and the roller can release overload tension and prevent the anchor hole from collapsing due to excessive anchoring force. At the same time, the steel wire rope material ensures the durability of the traction system under complex working conditions. Attached Figure Description
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the construction and installation of the pre-stabilization structure for the deteriorated slope of an open-pit mine provided in this application; Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of point A of the pre-stabilization structure for the deteriorated slope of an open-pit mine provided in this application; Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of point C of the pre-stabilization structure for the deteriorated slope of an open-pit mine provided in this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the placement of the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism for the pre-stabilization structure of the deteriorated slope in an open-pit mine provided in this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the internal connection of the cover chamber of the pre-stabilization structure for the deteriorated slope of an open-pit mine provided in this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism for the pre-stabilization structure of the deteriorated slope in an open-pit mine provided in this application; Figure 7 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of section B of the pre-stabilization structure for the deteriorated slope in the open-pit mine provided in this application.
[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Slope; 2. Anchor hole; 3. Cover; 4. Protective net; 5. Traction rope; 6. Fixed bottom compartment; 7. Accumulation push plate; 8. Compression spring; 9. Pre-tightening adjustment mechanism; 91. Anchor compartment; 92. Pre-tightening anchor block; 93. Cone head; 94. Groove; 95. Linkage shaft; 96. Two-way lead screw; 97. Connecting shaft seat; 98. Connecting rod; 99. Connecting ring; 10. Wire roller; 12. Fixed rod; 13. L-shaped rod; 14. Guide slot; 15. Slide groove. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of this application.
[0023] See Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the pre-stabilization structure for deteriorated open-pit mine slopes provided in this application includes multiple anchor holes 2 excavated on the slope 1. Each anchor hole 2 contains a pre-tightening adjustment mechanism 9. A cover chamber 3 is fixedly installed on the top of each pre-tightening adjustment mechanism 9. A fixing rod 12 is rotatably installed on the top of the cover chamber 3. The fixing rod 12 is coaxially connected to a wire roller 10 and a protective net 4 is rotatably installed at the end away from the cover chamber 3. The wire roller 10 is rotatably installed inside the cover chamber 3 and connected to the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism 9. The wire roller 10 is also connected to a pressure adjustment component.
[0024] Based on the specific shape and degree of deterioration of slope 1, and under the premise of ensuring the overall stability of the slope, a reasonable density of anchor holes 2 is calculated. After completing the layout of anchor holes 2, the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism 9 is placed inside the anchor holes 2. Then, the cover 3 is installed on top of the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism 9, ensuring that the fixing rod 12 is firmly connected to the roller 10, and that the roller 10 and the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism 9 maintain good linkage performance. Next, the fixing rod 12 is rotated to drive the roller 10 to rotate. During the rotation of the roller 10, the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism 9 is driven to perform a tensioning action, so that the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism 9 is firmly anchored inside the anchor hole 2, thereby forming an effective pre-tightening support force for slope 1. At the same time, after the anchoring of the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism 9 is completed, the protective net 4 is laid on the surface of slope 1. After the laying is completed, the protective net 4 is connected to the fixing rod 12, so that the protective net 4 forms a stable protective layer over slope 1 through the fixing rod 12 and the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism 9, effectively preventing the gravel on the surface of slope 1 from sliding off.
[0025] The pressure adjustment component includes a fixed base chamber 6, which is fixedly installed on the slope 1. A groove 15 is provided on the inner wall of the fixed base chamber 6 near the protective net 4. A pressure push plate 7 is slidably installed in the groove 15. A compression spring 8 is provided between the pressure push plate 7 and the inner wall of the fixed base chamber 6. Two L-shaped rods 13 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the pressure push plate 7 located inside the fixed base chamber 6. A traction rope 5 is provided on the L-shaped rod 13. Guide slots 14 are respectively opened through the inner wall of the fixed base chamber 6 on both sides of the groove 15. The traction rope 5 is wound around the roller 10 through the guide slots 14.
[0026] After anchoring the slope 1 and laying the protective netting 4, the traction rope 5 is wound around each roller 10. After winding, it is ensured that the tension of the traction rope 5 is comparable to that of the protective netting 4.
[0027] When the slope 1 is affected by the external environment and undergoes local deformation, the protective net 4 is subjected to local tensile deformation. The local deformation of the protective net 4 is transmitted to the wire roller 10 through the fixed rod 12, causing the wire roller 10 to rotate slightly. The rotation of the wire roller 10 first drives the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism 9 to further tighten the anchoring force, ensuring that the anchoring effect in the anchor hole 2 is continuously enhanced, and preventing the risk of anchoring loosening due to the deformation of the slope 1. At the same time, the rotation of the wire roller 10 will also cause the traction rope 5 to move. The traction rope 5 pulls the pressure push plate 7 into the fixed bottom chamber 6 through the L-shaped rod 13. The compression spring 8 stores energy, allowing the pressure push plate 7 to move smoothly in the slide groove 15. As the pressure push plate 7 slides, it applies a certain buffering pressure to the surface of the slope 1, increases the reserved buffer space at the bottom of the slope 1, and causes the slope 1 to slide down to a certain extent, effectively dispersing the local stress on the protective net 4 and avoiding stress concentration that could cause the protective net 4 to tear or the fixing points to fall off. This structural design not only achieves dynamic anchoring of the slope 1, but also provides good tension and support for the protective net 4, enhancing the stability and adaptability of the entire protection system. Simultaneously, the increased anchoring force of the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism 9, through the traction rope 5 and the guide slot 14, creates a reverse traction force on the pressure-collecting push plate 7 inside the fixed base chamber 6, further counteracting the outward squeezing force generated by the slope 1 on the pressure-collecting push plate 7. This improves the stability of the pressure-collecting push plate 7 under complex stress conditions, reduces the pressure on the fixed base chamber 6, and ensures the reliability of the connection between the fixed base chamber 6 and the slope 1.
[0028] When the slope 1 is affected by the external environment and its surface slides down as a whole, the pressure-collecting push plate 7 bears a large thrust and compresses the spring 8 to generate a larger reverse force. Under pressure, the pressure-collecting push plate 7 slides into the fixed base chamber 15 through the slide groove 15. During the sliding process, the L-shaped rod 13 pulls the traction rope 5, which drives the roller 10 to rotate and drive the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism 9. This causes the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism 9 to continuously increase the anchoring force, ensuring that the anchoring system can maintain a stable working state when the slope 1 slides down as a whole. This increases the reverse traction force on the fixed base chamber 6, further enhancing the constraint ability of the fixed base chamber 6 on the slope 1 and preventing the fixed base chamber 6 from displacing or falling off due to excessive force. At the same time, the force distribution of the roller 10 is further adjusted by the traction rope 5, so that the anchoring force is evenly transmitted to each anchoring point, preventing excessive local force from causing structural failure.
[0029] Optionally, one end of the traction rope 5 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped rod 13, and the other end is wound and fixedly mounted on the roller 10 furthest from the fixed base 6. The middle section of the traction rope 5 is wound around the remaining rollers 10. This connection method allows the traction rope 5 to be evenly distributed to each roller 10 when under tension, effectively decomposing the force applied by the pretension adjustment mechanism 9, ensuring balanced force at each anchoring point, and avoiding the risk of overload due to concentrated force on a single pretension adjustment mechanism 9.
[0030] It should be noted that when the traction rope 5, under tension, only slides on the surface of the roller 10 without causing the roller 10 to rotate, it indicates that the connection strength between the pre-tensioning adjustment mechanism 9 and the anchor hole 2 has reached the maximum anchoring force threshold. The pre-tensioning adjustment mechanism 9 then stops increasing the anchoring force, thus preventing damage and collapse of the anchor hole 2, which could lead to the overall failure of the anchoring system. At this time, the sliding friction between the traction rope 5 and the roller 10 acts as a safety protection mechanism, effectively releasing excess tension and preventing structural components from being damaged due to overload.
[0031] Optionally, the traction rope 5 is a steel wire rope. Steel wire rope has high tensile strength and wear resistance, and can maintain a stable working state in complex environments.
[0032] Optionally, multiple compression springs 8 are arranged linearly within the fixed base chamber 6 to form a multi-point support structure, enabling the pressure on the pressure-accumulating push plate 7 to be evenly distributed when under force, reducing local stress concentration, thereby improving the stability and durability of the overall structure.
[0033] Optionally, the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism 9 includes an anchor chamber 91, which is placed inside the anchor hole 2. A linkage shaft 95 is rotatably installed inside the anchor chamber 91. The top of the linkage shaft 95 is coaxially connected to the wire roller 10. Two locking components are also provided on the linkage shaft 95. A slot 94 is provided through the anchor chamber 91 at the position corresponding to the two locking components.
[0034] In this embodiment, when the roller 10 rotates synchronously with the linkage shaft 95, it drives the locking assembly to slide along the slot 94, causing the locking assembly to extend and retract inside the anchor chamber 91, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the anchoring force between the locking assembly and the inner wall of the anchor hole 2. When the locking assembly extends outward, its end comes into close contact with the inner wall of the anchor hole 2 and applies pressure, thereby enhancing the overall stability of the anchoring system.
[0035] Optionally, the two locking components are positioned at 180° relative to each other on the linkage shaft 95 to ensure that the locking components can be evenly stressed in different directions and form a multi-point anchoring effect, thereby improving the pull-out resistance and stability of the anchoring system.
[0036] Optionally, the locking assembly includes a bidirectional lead screw 96, which is coaxially mounted on a linkage shaft 95. Two connecting shaft seats 97 are symmetrically mounted on the bidirectional lead screw 96 via a threaded connection. Two connecting rotating seats are symmetrically mounted on the connecting shaft seats 97. One end of a connecting rod 98 is rotatably mounted on the connecting rotating seat. The other end of the connecting rod 98 is rotatably mounted on a pre-tightening anchor block 92 via a shaft platform. The pre-tightening anchor block 92 is relatively slidably mounted in a groove 94.
[0037] In this embodiment, when the linkage shaft 95 drives the bidirectional lead screw 96 to rotate, the bidirectional lead screw 96 drives the two connecting shaft seats 97 to move closer to each other through the threaded transmission. During the process of the connecting shaft seats 97 moving closer to each other, the pre-tightening anchor block 92 is driven to expand outward along the groove 94 through the transmission action of the connecting rod 98, so that it is tightly attached to the inner wall of the anchor hole 2 and pressure is applied to enhance its anchoring force, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment and stability enhancement of the anchoring system.
[0038] Among them, anti-slip teeth are provided on the outer surface of the pre-tightening anchor block 92 to increase the friction between it and the inner wall of the anchor hole 2 and prevent slippage under high load.
[0039] Optionally, the bidirectional lead screw 96 consists of two screws with different directions of rotation. The screws with different directions of rotation rotate synchronously under the drive of the linkage shaft 95, ensuring the symmetry and synchronization of the movement of the connecting shaft seats 97 on both sides, and further improving the stability and reliability of the locking assembly during the expansion process.
[0040] Optionally, the anchor chamber 91 is provided with a connecting ring 99 at the top and a cone head 93 at the bottom, with the connecting ring 99 connected to the cover chamber 3. The connecting ring 99 allows the anchor chamber 91 to be securely connected to the external structure, while facilitating the installation and disassembly of the entire device. The cone head 93 helps guide the anchor chamber 91 smoothly into the anchor hole 2 during the anchoring process.
[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.
Claims
1. A pre-stabilization structure for deteriorated slopes in open-pit mines, characterized in that, The structure includes multiple anchor holes (2) excavated on the slope (1), each of the anchor holes (2) containing a pre-tightening adjustment mechanism (9), and a cover chamber (3) fixedly installed on the top of each pre-tightening adjustment mechanism (9). A fixing rod (12) is rotatably installed on the top of the cover chamber (3). The fixing rod (12) is coaxially connected to the wire roller (10) and a protective net (4) is rotatably installed at one end away from the cover chamber (3). The wire roller (10) is rotatably installed in the cover chamber (3) and connected to the pre-tightening adjustment mechanism (9). The wire roller (10) is also connected to the pressure adjustment assembly. The pressure adjustment assembly includes a fixed bottom chamber (6), which is fixedly installed on the slope (1). The inner wall of the fixed bottom chamber (6) near the protective net (4) has a groove (15). A pressure pusher plate (7) is slidably installed in the groove (15). A compression spring (8) is installed between the pressure pusher plate (7) and the inner wall of the fixed bottom chamber (6). Two L-shaped rods (13) are symmetrically installed on the side wall of the pressure pusher plate (7) located inside the fixed bottom chamber (6). A traction rope (5) is installed on the L-shaped rod (13). The inner wall of the fixed bottom chamber (6) has guide slots (14) that pass through both sides of the groove (15). The traction rope (5) is wound around the roller (10) through the guide slots (14).
2. The pre-stabilization structure for deteriorated slopes in open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the traction rope (5) is fixedly connected to the L-shaped rod (13), and the other end is wound around and fixedly set on the roller (10) furthest away from the fixed bottom chamber (6). The middle section of the traction rope (5) is wound around the remaining rollers (10).
3. The pre-stabilization structure for deteriorated slopes in open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction rope (5) is a steel wire rope.
4. The pre-stabilization structure for deteriorated slopes in open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple compression springs (8) are arranged linearly within the fixed base (6).
5. The pre-stabilization structure for deteriorated slopes in open-pit mines according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The pre-tightening adjustment mechanism (9) includes an anchor chamber (91), which is placed inside the anchor hole (2). A linkage shaft (95) is rotatably installed inside the anchor chamber (91). The top of the linkage shaft (95) is coaxially connected to the roller (10). Two locking components are also provided on the linkage shaft (95). A slot (94) is provided through the inner wall of the anchor chamber (91) corresponding to the positions of the two locking components.
6. The pre-stabilization structure for deteriorated slopes in open-pit mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two locking components are positioned 180° apart on the linkage shaft (95).
7. The pre-stabilization structure for deteriorated slopes in open-pit mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The locking assembly includes a bidirectional lead screw (96), which is coaxially mounted on the linkage shaft (95). Two connecting shaft seats (97) are symmetrically mounted on the bidirectional lead screw (96) via a threaded rotation. Two connecting rotating seats are symmetrically mounted on the connecting shaft seats (97). One end of a connecting rod (98) is rotatably mounted on the connecting rotating seat. The other end of the connecting rod (98) is rotatably mounted on a pre-tightening anchor block (92) via a shaft platform. The pre-tightening anchor block (92) is relatively slidably mounted in the slot (94).
8. The pre-stabilization structure for deteriorated slopes in open-pit mines according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bidirectional lead screw (96) consists of two screws with different directions of rotation.
9. The pre-stabilization structure for deteriorated slopes in open-pit mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The anchor hopper (91) is provided with a connecting ring (99) at the top and a cone (93) at the bottom, and the connecting ring (99) is connected to the cover hopper (3).