A tunnel vault structure

Abstract

This utility model discloses a tunnel arch structure, which includes a top arch plate, supporting arch plates on both sides of the top arch plate, connecting components at both ends of the top of the supporting arch plates, reinforcing components on the side walls of the two supporting arch plates, arch foot plates at the bottom of the two supporting arch plates, and multiple mounting holes on the top of the two arch foot plates. This tunnel arch structure utilizes an external hydraulic torque wrench to drive a screw rod to rotate, causing a locking block to be inserted into a slot and moved for engagement, resulting in tighter assembly and preventing misalignment. The connection between the top arch plate and the supporting arch plates is more stable, improving the support effect of the tunnel arch. Furthermore, by inserting an anchor pipe into the soil layer through a positioning sleeve and injecting cement mortar that flows out from the grout outlet, installation stability is improved. A rubber sleeve prevents backflow of soil and rock from affecting use. The arch structure has better deformation coordination with the surrounding rock, and the installation of the supporting arch plates on the tunnel wall is more stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel arch technology, specifically a tunnel arch structure. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnels are engineering structures buried in the earth's strata and are a form of human utilization of underground space. They can be divided into traffic tunnels, hydraulic tunnels, municipal tunnels, mining tunnels, and military tunnels. Tunnels require arch structures for support. The overall casting of large-span arch structures places high demands on the molds, the production capacity of the production base, and the subsequent storage of the molds.

[0003] The prior art patent document with publication number CN214787437U provides: a prefabricated arch structure for long-span tunnels, including an arch base plate, side arch plates, a top arch plate, and pre-embedded threaded sleeves. The arch base plate is provided with pre-embedded threaded sleeves at both ends, and the side arch plates are fixedly connected to both ends of the arch base plate through the pre-embedded threaded sleeves. The top arch plate is installed in the middle of the two side arch plates. After the top arch plate is placed in place, it does not need further fixing due to its own weight. Leak-proof treatment is carried out between the side arch plates and the top arch plate, which improves quality, makes installation convenient and quick, and facilitates transportation.

[0004] Although the device has many beneficial effects, the following problems still exist: During the use of the device, the connection between the top arch plate and the supporting arch plate is not stable enough, and it is easy to slide during assembly, which will cause displacement and affect the support of the tunnel arch. Secondly, the deformation coordination ability between the arch structure and the surrounding rock is insufficient during the use of the device, and the installation of the supporting arch plate on the inner wall of the tunnel is not stable enough, which needs to be improved. In view of this, we propose a tunnel arch structure. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of the embodiments of this utility model and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be used to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0006] 1. Technical problems to be solved:

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues of insufficient stability in the connection between the top arch plate and the supporting arch plate, easy slippage during assembly leading to displacement and affecting the tunnel arch support and the insufficient deformation coordination between the arch structure and the surrounding rock, as well as the unstable installation of the supporting arch plate on the tunnel inner wall, this utility model is proposed.

[0008] Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a tunnel arch structure in which the connection between the top arch plate and the supporting arch plate is more stable, the assembly is tighter to avoid displacement, the support effect of the tunnel arch is improved, the deformation coordination ability between the arch structure and the surrounding rock is better, and the installation of the supporting arch plate on the inner wall of the tunnel is more stable.

[0009] 2. Technical Solution:

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0011] A tunnel arch structure includes a top arch plate, with supporting arch plates on both sides of the top arch plate. Each supporting arch plate has a connecting assembly at both ends of its top. Each connecting assembly includes a guide frame, a threaded sleeve on the sidewall of the guide frame, and a screw threaded to the inner circumference of the threaded sleeve. One end of the screw has an internal hexagonal groove. A locking block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide frame. The other end of the screw has a connecting block rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the locking block. Two positioning frames are provided on both sides of the top arch plate, with slots on their sidewalls. Reinforcing components are provided on the sidewalls of both supporting arch plates. Arch foot plates are provided at the bottom of both supporting arch plates, and multiple mounting holes are provided at the top of each arch foot plate. The threaded sleeve, guide frame, and positioning frame are all pre-embedded inside the arch plate to prevent the concrete-poured arch plate from collapsing due to stress concentration.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the tunnel arch structure of this utility model, the reinforcement component includes a positioning sleeve. An anchor pipe is provided on the inner circumference of the positioning sleeve. One end of the anchor pipe has a pointed tip, and the inner circumference of the other end of the anchor pipe has a grout-stopping plug. Multiple grout outlet holes are formed on the outer circumference of the anchor pipe, and each of the multiple grout outlet holes has a rubber sleeve on its inner circumference. The grout-stopping plug seals the anchor pipe when it is inserted into the soil layer, maintaining internal air pressure and preventing external soil from flowing back in due to pressure.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the tunnel arch structure of this utility model, the locking block is L-shaped, and the size and position of the locking block match the size and position of the locking slot.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the tunnel arch structure of this utility model, the length of the screw is matched with the length of the threaded sleeve, and the end face of the threaded sleeve is parallel to the side wall of the supporting arch plate.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the tunnel arch structure of this utility model, the rubber sleeve is made of silicone rubber, and the outlet end of the rubber sleeve is a double-valve flat slit type.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the tunnel arch structure of this utility model, the inner diameter of the positioning sleeve matches the diameter of the anchor pipe, and a limiting ring is provided at one end of the outer circumference of the anchor pipe. The positioning sleeve is pre-embedded inside the supporting arch plate to avoid damage caused by insufficient tensile strength of the concrete-cast supporting arch plate.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the tunnel arch structure of this utility model, positioning grooves are provided on both sides of the top arch plate, and a positioning plate is provided on the top of the supporting arch plate. The size and position of the positioning grooves match the size and position of the positioning plate.

[0018] 3. Beneficial effects:

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] This tunnel arch structure uses an external hydraulic torque wrench to drive the screw to rotate, which causes the locking block to move after being inserted into the slot for locking, making the assembly tighter and preventing displacement. The connection between the top arch plate and the supporting arch plate is more stable, improving the support effect of the tunnel arch.

[0021] This type of tunnel arch structure uses anchor pipes inserted into the soil layer through positioning sleeves, and injects cement mortar which flows out from the grout outlet to improve installation stability. Rubber sleeves prevent backflow of soil and rock from affecting use. The arch structure has better deformation coordination with the surrounding rock, and the installation of the supporting arch plate on the tunnel wall is more stable. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Among them:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tunnel arch structure according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the top arch plate supporting the arch plate of a tunnel arch structure according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the connecting components of a tunnel arch structure according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional diagram showing the connection component structure of a tunnel arch structure according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of a reinforcement component for a tunnel arch structure according to the present invention.

[0028] The following are the labeling instructions in the diagram: 1. Top arch plate; 2. Supporting arch plate; 3. Connecting component; 4. Reinforcing component; 5. Arch foot plate; 6. Mounting hole; 7. Positioning groove; 8. Positioning plate; 301. Guide frame; 302. Threaded sleeve; 303. Screw; 304. Hexagonal recess; 305. Locking block; 306. Connecting block; 307. Positioning frame; 308. Locking groove; 401. Positioning sleeve; 402. Anchor pipe; 403. Pointed end; 404. Grout stop plug; 405. Grout outlet hole; 406. Rubber sleeve; 407. Limiting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] This utility model is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of this utility model, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not adhering to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. In actual manufacturing, the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth should be included.

[0031] The orientation or positional relationship indicated in the terminology is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. It is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0032] The term "connection method" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] The embodiments of this utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] This utility model provides an overall structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of a tunnel arch structure, including:

[0035] Please see Figures 1-5This embodiment of a tunnel arch structure includes a top arch plate 1, with supporting arch plates 2 snapped onto both sides of the top arch plate 1. Connecting components 3 are pre-embedded at both ends of the top of the supporting arch plates 2. The connecting components 3 include a guide frame 301, with a threaded sleeve 302 welded to the side wall of the guide frame 301. A screw 303 is threaded onto the inner circumference of the threaded sleeve 302. One end of the screw 303 has an internal hexagonal groove 304, which is for engaging with the hexagonal bit at the output end of an external hydraulic torque wrench to rotate and screw the screw 303 in. A locking block 305 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide frame 301 to limit the movement direction of the locking block 305 and prevent skewing. The other end of 303 is welded with a connecting block 306 that rotates with the inner cavity of the locking block 305. The connecting block 306 is to allow the locking block 305 to move but not rotate when the screw 303 rotates. Two positioning frames 307 are pre-embedded on both sides of the top arch plate 1. The side wall of the positioning frame 307 is provided with a slot 308. The slot 308 is to allow the locking block 305 to move and engage after being inserted, thereby improving the stability of the arch plate assembly. The side walls of the two supporting arch plates 2 are pre-embedded with reinforcing components 4. The bottom of the two supporting arch plates 2 is threaded with an arch foot plate 5. The top of the two arch foot plates 5 is provided with multiple mounting holes 6. The arch foot plates 5 are to allow the bolts to be screwed into the mounting holes 6 to connect and install the supporting arch plate 2 with the tunnel inner wall support.

[0036] It is worth noting that, in order to improve the installation stability of the supporting arch plate 2, the reinforcement component 4 specifically includes a positioning sleeve 401. An anchor pipe 402 is slidably connected to the inner circumference of the positioning sleeve 401. The positioning sleeve 401 is used to provide precise guidance and the insertion angle of the anchor pipe 402. The anchor pipe 402 is used to make the installation of the supporting arch plate 2 on the inner wall of the tunnel more stable. One end of the anchor pipe 402 is welded with a pointed tip 403, which is used to better insert into the soil and surrounding rock. The other end of the anchor pipe 402 is fitted with a grout stop plug 404, which is used to prevent leakage when injecting cement mortar. Multiple grout outlet holes 405 are opened on the outer circumference of the anchor pipe 402. The grout outlet holes 405 are used to allow cement mortar to flow out and adhere to the soil and surrounding rock, making the connection of the anchor pipe 402 more stable. Rubber sleeves 406 are bonded to the inner circumference of the multiple grout outlet holes 405. The rubber sleeves 406 are used to allow cement mortar to flow out in one direction and prevent soil and rock from entering.

[0037] Next, in order to prevent the top arch plate 1 from loosening after assembling with the supporting arch plate 2, the locking block 305 is L-shaped. The size and position of the locking block 305 match the size and position of the locking slot 308. The L-shaped locking block 305, which matches the size and position of the locking slot 308, makes the assembly of the top arch plate 1 and the supporting arch plate 2 more stable.

[0038] Meanwhile, in order to prevent gaps from being created during the splicing of adjacent tunnel arch structures, specifically, the length of the screw 303 is matched with the length of the threaded sleeve 302, and the end face of the threaded sleeve 302 is parallel to the side wall of the supporting arch plate 2. By using the screw 303, which is matched with the length of the threaded sleeve 302, it is easy to ensure that the screw 303 will not protrude from the side wall of the supporting arch plate 2 after being screwed in, thus avoiding obstruction of the splicing and assembly of adjacent tunnel arch structures.

[0039] Furthermore, to prevent soil and rock from entering the anchor pipe 402, the rubber sleeve 406 is made of silicone rubber, and the outlet end of the rubber sleeve 406 is a double-valve flat slit type. The silicone rubber material of the rubber sleeve 406 helps to improve strength and avoid friction damage between the rubber sleeve 406 and the soil and rock when the anchor pipe 402 is inserted. The double-valve flat slit type outlet end of the rubber sleeve 406 facilitates the backflow of soil and rock into the anchor pipe 402.

[0040] It is worth noting that, in order to prevent the anchor tube 402 from falling off, specifically, the inner diameter of the positioning sleeve 401 matches the diameter of the anchor tube 402, and a limiting ring 407 is welded to one end of the outer circumference of the anchor tube 402. The positioning sleeve 401, which matches the inner diameter of the anchor tube 402, avoids gaps that may affect stability, and the limiting ring 407 helps to limit the anchor tube 402 to prevent it from falling off.

[0041] Finally, to facilitate precise assembly of the top arch plate 1 and the supporting arch plate 2, specifically, positioning grooves 7 are provided on both sides of the top arch plate 1, and a positioning plate 8 is integrally provided on the top of the supporting arch plate 2. The size and position of the positioning grooves 7 match the size and position of the positioning plate 8. Through the positioning grooves 7 that match the size and position of the positioning plate 8, it is easier to make the fit between the top arch plate 1 and the supporting arch plate 2 more precise.

[0042] Combination Figures 1-5 The tunnel arch structure of this embodiment is used in the following specific process:

[0043] 1: When this device is needed for tunnel arch structure, a guide frame 301 is pre-embedded inside the supporting arch plate 2, and a positioning frame 307 is pre-embedded inside the top arch plate 1. The supporting arch plates 2 are spliced ​​on both sides of the top arch plate 1 respectively. The locking block 305 is inserted into the locking groove 308. The hexagonal bit of the output end of the external hydraulic torque wrench is inserted into the internal hexagonal groove 304 to make the screw 303 rotate and screw in, driving the locking block 305 to move, so that the locking block 305 is locked with one end of the locking groove 308. After the bolt is screwed into the mounting hole 6, the arch foot plate 5 is connected to the supporting arch plate 2 and the tunnel inner wall support.

[0044] 2: Drill a hole into the soil and rock layer from the positioning sleeve 401, then insert the anchor pipe 402 into the positioning sleeve 401, and bond a rubber sleeve 406 to prevent backflow of soil and rock in the grout outlet 405. The high-pressure cement mortar injected from the grout stop plug 404 flows out from the grout outlet 405, opens the rubber sleeve 406 and enters the surrounding soil and rock, and waits for it to solidify.

[0045] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, various modifications can be made and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the features in the embodiments disclosed in this invention can be combined with each other in any way. The lack of an exhaustive description of these combinations in this specification is merely for the sake of brevity and resource conservation. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tunnel arch structure, characterized in that, The system includes a top arch plate (1), with supporting arch plates (2) on both sides of the top arch plate (1). Each supporting arch plate (2) has a connecting assembly (3) at both ends of its top. The connecting assembly (3) includes a guide frame (301), with a threaded sleeve (302) on the side wall of the guide frame (301). A screw (303) is threaded onto the inner circumference of the threaded sleeve (302), and one end of the screw (303) has an internal hexagonal groove (304). The inner wall of the guide frame (301) is slidably connected... A locking block (305) is attached, and a connecting block (306) is provided at the other end of the screw (303) to be rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the locking block (305). Two positioning frames (307) are provided on both sides of the top arch plate (1). The side wall of the positioning frame (307) is provided with a slot (308). The side wall of the two supporting arch plates (2) is provided with a reinforcing component (4). The bottom of the two supporting arch plates (2) is provided with an arch foot plate (5). The top of the two arch foot plates (5) is provided with multiple mounting holes (6).

2. The tunnel arch structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcement component (4) includes a positioning sleeve (401), an anchor tube (402) is provided on the inner circumference of the positioning sleeve (401), a pointed end (403) is provided at one end of the anchor tube (402), a grout stop plug (404) is provided on the inner circumference of the other end of the anchor tube (402), and a plurality of grout outlet holes (405) are provided on the outer circumference of the anchor tube (402), and a rubber sleeve (406) is provided on the inner circumference of each of the plurality of grout outlet holes (405).

3. The tunnel arch structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The card block (305) is L-shaped, and the size and position of the card block (305) match the size and position of the card slot (308).

4. The tunnel arch structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the screw (303) matches the length of the threaded sleeve (302), and the end face of the threaded sleeve (302) is parallel to the side wall of the supporting arch plate (2).

5. The tunnel arch structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rubber sleeve (406) is made of silicone rubber, and the outlet end of the rubber sleeve (406) is a double-valve flat slit type.

6. The tunnel arch structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the positioning sleeve (401) matches the diameter of the anchor pipe (402), and a limiting ring (407) is provided at one end of the outer circumference of the anchor pipe (402).

7. The tunnel arch structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top arch plate (1) has positioning grooves (7) on both sides, and the top of the supporting arch plate (2) has a positioning plate (8). The size and position of the positioning groove (7) match the size and position of the positioning plate (8).

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