Zero output low pressure inner cylinder, high efficiency flow high pressure cylinder and steam turbine

Abstract

This application discloses a zero-output low-pressure inner cylinder, a high-efficiency flow-through high-pressure cylinder, and a steam turbine. The zero-output low-pressure inner cylinder includes a shell, a low-pressure cylinder inlet pipe, an outer guide ring, an inner guide ring, a low-pressure baffle, a final-stage baffle, a low-pressure extraction port, a low-pressure cylinder manhole, and a low-pressure cylinder center plate. The outer side of the shell is connected to the low-pressure cylinder inlet pipe. One end of the shell is connected to the outer guide ring, and the other end is connected to the inner guide ring. A low-pressure baffle is connected to the inner side of the shell near the outer guide ring, and the baffle is inclined. The end of the low-pressure baffle away from the shell is connected to the final-stage baffle. A low-pressure extraction port is provided on the side of the shell away from the low-pressure cylinder inlet pipe. A low-pressure cylinder manhole is also connected to the shell. This design achieves significant improvements in unit operating stability, increased thermal efficiency, and substantial reductions in coal consumption, resulting in economic and environmental benefits. It also enhances the unit's safe operation under low-load or zero-output conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of steam turbine technology, and in particular to a zero-output low-pressure inner cylinder, a high-efficiency flow-through high-pressure cylinder, and a steam turbine. Background Technology

[0002] Driven by the current national "dual carbon" emission reduction strategy, energy-saving and emission-reduction retrofitting of thermal power plants has become an inevitable trend in the industry. As the core equipment of thermal power plants, the performance of the steam turbine's flow path directly determines the safety and economy of the unit's operation.

[0003] Two major long-standing problems exist with steam turbines. First, the vibration value of the turbine bearings consistently deviates from design standards, and despite numerous repairs and adjustments, the problem remains unresolved. This reflects design flaws, compounded by improper installation or operation, leading to defects such as bearing fouling and steam seal wear, seriously threatening the safe and stable operation of the unit. Second, the turbine's flow efficiency is significantly lower than modern advanced levels, resulting in high heat consumption and increased standard coal consumption, greatly weakening the power plant's economic competitiveness and falling significantly short of national energy conservation and emission reduction policies.

[0004] Therefore, modernizing the flow path of old generating units is not only an urgent need to fundamentally eliminate inherent defects and improve operational reliability, but also a key measure to respond to the national "dual carbon" target, reduce coal consumption, and enhance the economic strength of enterprises. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a zero-output low-pressure inner cylinder, a high-efficiency flow-through high-pressure cylinder, and a steam turbine, which solves the technical problems of abnormally large bearing vibration, low flow-through efficiency, and insufficient low-load adaptability of the low-pressure cylinder caused by outdated design in existing steam turbines. This results in significant improvements in unit operation stability, increased thermal efficiency, and substantial reduction in coal consumption, as well as enhanced safe operation capability of the unit under low-load or zero-output conditions.

[0006] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a zero-output low-pressure inner cylinder, including a shell, a low-pressure cylinder intake pipe, an outer guide ring, an inner guide ring, a low-pressure baffle, a final stage baffle, a low-pressure suction port, a low-pressure cylinder manhole, and a low-pressure cylinder center plate; the shell is a cylindrical outer shell with openings at both ends; the outer side of the shell is connected to the low-pressure cylinder intake pipe; one axial end of the shell is connected to the outer guide ring, and the other end of the shell is connected to the inner guide ring; the interior of the shell is connected to the low-pressure baffle near the outer guide ring, and the low-pressure baffle is inclined; the end of the low-pressure baffle away from the shell is connected to the final stage baffle; the low-pressure suction port is opened on the side of the shell away from the low-pressure cylinder intake pipe; the interior of the shell is connected to the low-pressure cylinder center plate near the inner guide ring, and the low-pressure cylinder center plate is disposed on the center surface of the shell; the shell is also connected to the low-pressure cylinder manhole.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, one possible implementation also includes a cooling water spray pipe assembly; the cooling water spray pipe assembly is respectively disposed on the outer guide ring and the inner guide ring.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the cooling water spray pipe assembly includes a first water pipe, a second water pipe, a nut, a connector, and a nozzle; the first water pipe is respectively disposed outside the outer guide ring and the inner guide ring; the first water pipe is connected to one end of the second water pipe via the nut, and the other end of the second water pipe is connected to the connector; the nozzle is connected to the first water pipe.

[0009] Secondly, this utility model embodiment provides a high-efficiency flow-through high-pressure cylinder, wherein the high-pressure flow-through stage of the high-pressure cylinder is set to 14 stages.

[0010] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the steam inlet chamber of the high-pressure cylinder adopts tangential full-circumference steam inlet.

[0011] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the steam inlet chamber and the inner cylinder are cast as one piece.

[0012] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the high-pressure flow adopts throttling steam distribution, which includes three pressure levels of steam supply.

[0013] Secondly, this utility model provides a steam turbine, including a zero-output low-pressure inner cylinder in the first aspect or in combination with any possible implementation of the first aspect, and a high-efficiency flow-through high-pressure cylinder in the second aspect or in combination with any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0014] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects:

[0015] This utility model embodiment employs a zero-output low-pressure inner cylinder, a high-efficiency flow-through high-pressure cylinder, and a steam turbine. The high-pressure cylinder features a tangential full-circumferential steam inlet design, optimizing the steam inlet flow field, reducing airflow disturbance, helping to reduce shaft vibration, improve bearing operating conditions, and mitigate the risk of scaling and wear. The high-pressure cylinder's flow stages are optimized to 14 stages, and combined with throttling steam distribution and tangential full-circumferential steam inlet, significantly improving the flow efficiency and internal efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder and reducing inter-stage losses. Specifically, the improved and optimized low-pressure cylinder structure includes an outer guide ring, an inner guide ring, and a cooling water spray pipe assembly, specifically designed for low-load or zero-output operation conditions. Furthermore, this application achieves effective cooling through the cooling water spray pipe assembly, thereby solving the problem of blower heat generation in the low-pressure cylinder under idling or extremely low load conditions, ensuring equipment safety under such conditions. This application solves the technical problems of excessive bearing vibration, low flow efficiency, and insufficient low-load adaptability of low-pressure cylinders in old steam turbines due to outdated design. It achieves economic and environmental benefits such as significantly improved unit operation stability, increased thermal efficiency, and substantial reduction in coal consumption, and enhances the safe operation capability of the unit under low load or zero output conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A front view of a zero-output low-pressure inner cylinder provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB section view;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a cooling water spray pipe assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 C-direction graph;

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the outer guide ring provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6 DD sectional view;

[0024] Figure 8 An assembly diagram of a zero-output low-pressure inner cylinder provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure cylinder intake chamber provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Icons: 1-Housing; 2-Low-pressure cylinder intake pipe; 3-Outer guide ring; 4-Inner guide ring; 5-Low-pressure baffle; 6-Final stage baffle; 7-Low-pressure exhaust port; 8-Low-pressure cylinder manhole; 9-Low-pressure cylinder center plate; 10-Cooling water spray pipe assembly; 101-First water pipe; 102-Second water pipe; 103-Nut; 104-Connector; 105-Nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this utility model and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] This utility model embodiment provides a zero-output low-pressure inner cylinder, such as Figure 1-9As shown, the system includes a housing 1, a low-pressure cylinder intake pipe 2, an outer guide ring 3, an inner guide ring 4, a low-pressure baffle 5, a final stage baffle 6, a low-pressure exhaust port 7, a low-pressure cylinder manhole 8, and a low-pressure cylinder center plate 9. The housing 1 is a cylindrical shell with openings at both ends. The low-pressure cylinder intake pipe 2 is connected to the outer side of the housing 1. The outer guide ring 3 is connected to one axial end of the housing 1, and the inner guide ring 4 is connected to the other end of the housing 1. The low-pressure baffle 5 is connected to the side of the housing 1 closest to the outer guide ring 3, and the low-pressure baffle 5 is inclined. The final stage baffle 6 is connected to the end of the low-pressure baffle 5 away from the housing 1. A low-pressure exhaust port 7 is opened on the side of the housing 1 away from the low-pressure cylinder intake pipe 2. The low-pressure cylinder center plate 9 is connected to the side of the housing 1 closest to the inner guide ring 4, and the low-pressure cylinder center plate 9 is located on the center surface of the housing 1. The low-pressure cylinder manhole 8 is also connected to the housing 1.

[0030] For example, the low-pressure inner cylinder design is conducive to reducing secondary flow losses with a "K"-shaped channel airfoil, which has a small inlet angle, large curvature, and high rigidity, and has a high blocking Mach number; the top region airfoil adopts an advanced scaled airfoil suitable for transonic flow.

[0031] For example, the low-pressure inner cylinder adopts a slanted support structure, which can increase the rigidity of the inner cylinder, reduce the deformation of the inner cylinder, and solve the problems of internal leakage and high temperature at the extraction port in the low-pressure cylinder. The exhaust of the low-pressure inner cylinder in this application adopts a guide ring structure, which has a high static pressure recovery coefficient and low exhaust cylinder loss.

[0032] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1-8 As shown, it also includes a cooling water spray pipe assembly 10; the cooling water spray pipe assembly 10 is respectively disposed on the outer guide ring 3 and the inner guide ring 4.

[0033] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1-8 As shown, the cooling water spray pipe assembly 10 includes a first water pipe 101, a second water pipe 102, a nut 103, and a connector 104; the first water pipe 101 is respectively disposed on the outside of the outer guide ring 3 and the inner guide ring 4; the first water pipe 101 is connected to one end of the second water pipe 102 through the nut 103, and the other end of the second water pipe 102 is connected to the connector 104; a nozzle 105 is connected to the first water pipe 101.

[0034] This utility model embodiment provides a high-efficiency flow-through high-pressure cylinder, wherein the high-pressure flow-through stage of the high-pressure cylinder is set to 14 stages.

[0035] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1-9 As shown, the steam inlet chamber of the high-pressure cylinder adopts tangential full-circumference steam inlet.

[0036] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1-8 As shown, the high-pressure flow adopts throttling steam distribution, which includes three pressure levels of steam supply.

[0037] For example, the high-pressure cylinder is also equipped with a valve disc and a valve seat, both of which adopt a high-flow-rate, low-loss profile, reducing flow losses and localized erosion, and improving valve reliability and service life. The optimized overall flow design helps maintain a more stable and uniform steam flow, fundamentally improving vibration problems.

[0038] For example, the steam turbine seal is a crucial component of the steam turbine, affecting not only the unit's economy but also its reliability. With the continuous improvement of steam turbine inlet parameters and unit capacity, as well as frequent peak-shaving operations, the performance requirements for steam seals are becoming increasingly stringent. This application employs staggered-tooth steam seals at the high-pressure shaft seal and aligned-tooth steam seals at the low-pressure shaft seal. The high-pressure diaphragm steam seal uses a comb-tooth seal at its root and a toothed seal at its tip; the low-pressure diaphragm 5 steam seal uses a comb-tooth seal at its root and a toothed seal at its tip.

[0039] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts between the various embodiments, please refer to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0040] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A zero-output low-pressure inner cylinder, characterized in that, It includes a housing (1), a low-pressure cylinder intake pipe (2), an outer guide ring (3), an inner guide ring (4), a low-pressure baffle (5), a final stage baffle (6), a low-pressure exhaust port (7), a low-pressure cylinder manhole (8), and a low-pressure cylinder center plate (9); The shell (1) is a cylindrical shell with openings at both ends; The outer side of the housing (1) is connected to the low-pressure cylinder intake pipe (2); The outer guide ring (3) is connected to one end of the housing (1) in the axial direction, and the inner guide ring (4) is connected to the other end of the housing (1). The low-pressure baffle (5) is connected to the inside of the housing (1) near the outer guide ring (3), and the low-pressure baffle (5) is inclined. The end of the low-pressure partition (5) away from the housing (1) is connected to the final-stage partition (6); The low-pressure air extraction port (7) is provided on the side of the housing (1) away from the low-pressure cylinder air intake pipe (2); The low-pressure cylinder split plate (9) is connected to the side of the housing (1) near the inner guide ring (4), and the low-pressure cylinder split plate (9) is disposed on the split surface of the housing (1); The housing (1) is also connected to the low-pressure cylinder manhole (8).

2. The zero-output low-pressure inner cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a cooling water spray pipe assembly (10); The cooling water spray pipe assembly (10) is respectively disposed on the outer guide ring (3) and the inner guide ring (4).

3. The zero-output low-pressure inner cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cooling water spray pipe assembly (10) includes a first water pipe (101), a second water pipe (102), a nut (103), a connector (104), and a nozzle (105); The first water pipe (101) is respectively disposed on the outside of the outer guide ring (3) and the inner guide ring (4); The first water pipe (101) is connected to one end of the second water pipe (102) via the nut (103), and the other end of the second water pipe (102) is connected to the connector (104); The nozzle (105) is connected to the first water pipe (101).

4. A high-efficiency flow-through high-pressure cylinder, characterized in that, The high-pressure cylinder has 14 high-pressure flow stages.

5. The high-efficiency flow-through high-pressure cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that, The high-pressure cylinder's inlet chamber adopts tangential full-circumference steam inlet.

6. The high-efficiency flow-through high-pressure cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that, The steam inlet chamber and the inner cylinder are cast as one piece.

7. The high-efficiency flow-through high-pressure cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that, The high-pressure flow adopts a throttling steam distribution system, which includes three pressure levels of steam supply.

8. A steam turbine, characterized in that, Including the zero-output low-pressure inner cylinder as described in any one of claims 1-3 and the high-efficiency flow-through high-pressure cylinder as described in any one of claims 4-7.

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