Self-dumping truck shock absorbing buffer cylinder

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of damping and buffering oil cylinders of self-dumping trucks, in particular to a damping and buffering oil cylinder of a self-dumping truck, which comprises a cylinder body assembly, a piston assembly, an elastic reset assembly, an adjusting device and a sealing assembly. A chamber is arranged in the cylinder body assembly, the piston assembly realizes hydraulic medium flow damping through a shunt channel and a throttle hole, the elastic reset assembly provides a reverse reset force, the adjusting device adjusts the hydraulic medium flow rate through a conical valve core, and the sealing assembly adopts multiple sealing rings and a dust cover to prevent impurities from entering and leaking. In addition, the outer wall of the cylinder body is provided with cooling fins, and the piston rod is coated with a wear-resistant coating to enhance the durability. The application can simplify the structure, reduce the maintenance cost, improve the buffering performance and reliability, and meet the high-strength impact working condition requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of vehicle engineering and hydraulic technology, specifically a shock-absorbing and buffering cylinder for dump trucks. Background Technology

[0002] During the operation of dump trucks, shock-absorbing cylinders are one of the key components ensuring vehicle stability and safety. Currently, most shock-absorbing cylinders on the market adopt traditional hydraulic structures, achieving a cushioning effect through the compression and flow of liquid. However, these cylinders often suffer from complex structures and high maintenance costs in practical use, and their cushioning performance may be limited when dealing with high-intensity impacts. Furthermore, some cylinder designs have high requirements for sealing; if the seal fails, hydraulic oil leakage may occur, affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

[0003] For example, a prior art shock-absorbing cylinder mainly includes a cylinder body, a piston rod, and a hydraulic chamber. The cylinder body has a chamber for storing hydraulic oil, and the piston rod is connected to the cylinder body through a seal. A regulating valve and a return channel are installed in the hydraulic chamber. The regulating valve controls the flow rate of the hydraulic oil, thereby achieving a cushioning effect. While this design can meet the shock absorption requirements to a certain extent, its complex internal structure and high manufacturing precision requirements increase production costs, and its reliability under harsh operating conditions needs further improvement.

[0004] Therefore, we made improvements and proposed a shock-absorbing hydraulic cylinder for dump trucks. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to solve the problems of complex structure, high maintenance cost and limited buffering performance of existing dump truck shock absorber cylinders under high-intensity impact, and to propose an improvement scheme to address the potential danger of hydraulic oil leakage caused by seal failure.

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned objectives and address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a shock-absorbing and buffering cylinder for dump trucks, comprising a main body structure. The main body structure includes a cylinder assembly, a piston assembly, and an elastic reset assembly. The cylinder assembly has an internal chamber for containing hydraulic media. The piston assembly is slidably disposed within the cylinder assembly. The elastic reset assembly is installed at the bottom of the cylinder assembly and connected to the piston assembly. An adjustment device is provided on the outer side of the cylinder assembly, communicating with the chamber. The adjustment device controls the flow rate of the hydraulic media to alter the buffering effect. Sealing assemblies are provided at both ends of the cylinder assembly. Each sealing assembly includes multiple layers of sealing rings and a dust cover. The dust cover is fixed to the end of the cylinder assembly and covers the sealing rings to prevent external impurities from entering the cylinder assembly.

[0007] The piston assembly includes a piston rod and a piston head. One end of the piston rod passes through the end of the cylinder assembly and extends to the outside, while the other end is fixedly connected to the piston head. The outer circumference of the piston head is provided with several annular grooves, and a sealing element is embedded in the annular groove. The sealing element is in close contact with the inner wall of the cylinder assembly. The piston head has a flow-diverting channel inside, with both ends of the flow-diverting channel communicating with a chamber. A throttling orifice is provided in the middle of the flow-diverting channel. The diameter of the throttling orifice is smaller than the diameter of the flow-diverting channel, which is used to limit the flow velocity of the hydraulic medium.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the elastic reset assembly includes a reset spring and a guide sleeve. One end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylinder assembly, and the other end contacts the bottom of the piston head. The guide sleeve is fixed to the bottom of the cylinder assembly and sleeved on the outside of the reset spring. The inner wall of the guide sleeve is provided with several guide grooves, which match the outer periphery of the reset spring and are used to guide the extension and retraction direction of the reset spring.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the regulating device includes a regulating valve and a regulating handle. The regulating valve is installed on the outside of the cylinder assembly and communicates with the chamber. The regulating handle is fixedly connected to the top of the regulating valve. The regulating valve has a conical valve core inside and a sealing gasket on the outer periphery of the conical valve core. The sealing gasket is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the regulating valve. When the regulating handle is rotated, the conical valve core moves along the axial direction of the regulating valve, changing the gap between the conical valve core and the inner wall of the regulating valve, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the hydraulic medium.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the sealing assembly further includes a clamping ring, which is fixed to the end of the cylinder assembly and located outside the sealing ring. The inner wall of the clamping ring is provided with several protrusions, which contact the outer periphery of the sealing ring to enhance the sealing performance of the sealing ring. The end of the dust cover is provided with a buckle, which is engaged and fixed to the end of the cylinder assembly to facilitate the disassembly and replacement of the dust cover.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the outer wall of the cylinder assembly is provided with heat sinks, which are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the cylinder assembly. The surface of the heat sink is provided with several grooves, which are used to increase the surface area of ​​the heat sink and improve the heat dissipation effect. The heat sink is made of aluminum alloy, which has good thermal conductivity.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the piston rod is provided with a wear-resistant coating on its outer periphery. The thickness of the wear-resistant coating is 0.1mm to 0.3mm. The wear-resistant coating is made of ceramic matrix composite material, which has high hardness and wear resistance. The piston rod is provided with a connecting flange at its end. The surface of the connecting flange is provided with several threaded holes for connecting with external equipment.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0014] In the scheme of this application:

[0015] With its elastic reset component and flow diversion channel, when the piston assembly is subjected to external impact, the hydraulic medium flows through the throttling orifice of the flow diversion channel, generating a damping effect. At the same time, the reset spring applies a counterforce to the piston assembly, causing it to quickly return to its initial position. By adjusting the gap between the conical valve core and the inner wall of the regulating valve in the adjustment device, the flow rate of the hydraulic medium can be precisely controlled to adapt to different working conditions. The multi-layer sealing rings and dust cover effectively prevent external impurities from entering the cylinder assembly, avoiding hydraulic oil leakage due to seal failure. The heat dissipation fins quickly dissipate the heat generated during the operation of the cylinder assembly, reducing oil temperature and extending the service life of the cylinder. The wear-resistant coating on the outer periphery of the piston rod reduces frictional wear between the piston rod and the sealing ring, improving the reliability and durability of the cylinder.

[0016] The above technical solution solves the problems of complex structure, high maintenance cost and limited buffering performance of shock-absorbing cylinders in the prior art. At the same time, by optimizing the sealing design and heat dissipation performance, the reliability of the cylinder under harsh working conditions is improved, meeting the actual use needs of dump trucks. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the piston assembly of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment device structure of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the sealing component of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of heat sinks on the outer wall of the cylinder assembly of this utility model.

[0022] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0023] 1. Cylinder assembly; 2. Piston assembly; 3. Elastic return assembly; 4. Adjustment device; 5. Sealing assembly; 6. Piston rod; 7. Piston head; 8. Diverter channel; 9. Throttling orifice; 10. Return spring; 11. Guide sleeve; 12. Adjusting valve; 13. Adjusting handle; 14. Conical valve core; 15. Dust cover; 16. Pressure ring; 17. Heat sink; 18. Wear-resistant coating; 19. Connecting flange. Detailed Implementation

[0024] This utility model relates to a shock-absorbing and buffer cylinder for dump trucks. Its structure is rationally designed, effectively coping with high-intensity impacts and improving sealing performance and heat dissipation. The specific embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention, showing the main components of the buffer cylinder and their interconnections; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the piston assembly, used to further analyze the internal structural details of the piston assembly; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the regulating device, showing the key components for regulating the flow rate of the hydraulic medium; Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the sealing assembly, detailing the design and installation method of the sealing assembly; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of heat sinks on the outer wall of the cylinder block assembly, used to explain the arrangement and function of the heat sinks.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the buffer cylinder of this utility model includes a cylinder body assembly 1, a piston assembly 2, an elastic reset assembly 3, an adjusting device 4, and a sealing assembly 5. The cylinder body assembly 1, as the core load-bearing structure, has an internal chamber for containing hydraulic fluid. The piston assembly 2 is slidably disposed within the internal chamber of the cylinder body assembly 1 and cooperates with the elastic reset assembly 3 to achieve buffering and reset functions. The adjusting device 4 is installed on the outside of the cylinder body assembly 1 and communicates with the chamber via a pipeline, used to adjust the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid. The sealing assembly 5 is located at both ends of the cylinder body assembly 1 to ensure that the hydraulic fluid does not leak and to prevent external impurities from entering the interior of the cylinder body assembly 1.

[0026] Piston assembly 2 consists of piston rod 6 and piston head 7, as follows: Figure 2 As shown. One end of the piston rod 6 passes through the end of the cylinder assembly 1 and extends to the outside, while the other end is fixedly connected to the piston head 7. The outer circumference of the piston head 7 is provided with several annular grooves, within which seals are embedded. These seals fit tightly against the inner wall of the cylinder assembly 1 to ensure good sealing of the piston head 7 during sliding. The piston head 7 also has a flow-diverting channel 8 inside, with both ends communicating with the chamber and a throttling orifice 9 in the middle. The diameter of the throttling orifice 9 is smaller than the diameter of the flow-diverting channel 8. This structural design restricts the flow of hydraulic medium, thereby generating a damping effect and achieving a buffering effect. The outer circumference of the piston rod 6 is coated with a wear-resistant coating 18, with a thickness of 0.1mm to 0.3mm. The coating is made of ceramic matrix composite material, possessing high hardness and wear resistance, which reduces frictional loss between the piston rod 6 and the sealing ring. Furthermore, the end of the piston rod 6 is provided with a connecting flange 19, the surface of which has several threaded holes for connecting to external equipment.

[0027] The elastic reset assembly 3 consists of a reset spring 10 and a guide sleeve 11, such as Figure 1 As shown. One end of the return spring 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylinder assembly 1, and the other end contacts the bottom of the piston head 7. When the piston assembly 2 is subjected to external impact, the return spring 10 will apply a reverse force to the piston assembly 2, causing it to quickly return to its initial position. The guide sleeve 11 is fixed to the bottom of the cylinder assembly 1 and sleeved on the outside of the return spring 10. The inner wall of the guide sleeve 11 is provided with several guide grooves, which match the outer circumference of the return spring 10 to guide the extension and retraction direction of the return spring 10 and prevent it from deviating or twisting during operation.

[0028] The regulating device 4 consists of a regulating valve 12 and a regulating handle 13, such as Figure 3 As shown. The regulating valve 12 is installed on the outside of the cylinder assembly 1 and communicates with the chamber via a pipeline. The regulating handle 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the regulating valve 12. The regulating valve 12 has a conical valve core 14 inside, and a sealing gasket is provided on the outer periphery of the conical valve core 14, which fits tightly against the inner wall of the regulating valve 12. When the regulating handle 13 is rotated, the conical valve core 14 moves axially along the regulating valve 12, changing the gap between the conical valve core 14 and the inner wall of the regulating valve 12, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the hydraulic medium. In this way, the flow rate of the hydraulic medium can be precisely controlled according to actual working conditions to adapt to different application scenarios.

[0029] The specific structure of sealing component 5 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the assembly includes a multi-layer sealing ring and a dust cover 15. The multi-layer sealing ring is installed at the end of the cylinder assembly 1, and the dust cover 15 is fixed to the end of the cylinder assembly 1 and covers the sealing ring to prevent external impurities from entering the interior of the cylinder assembly 1. The sealing assembly 5 also includes a clamping ring 16, which is fixed to the end of the cylinder assembly 1 and located outside the sealing ring. The inner wall of the clamping ring 16 has several protrusions that contact the outer periphery of the sealing ring to enhance its sealing performance. The end of the dust cover 15 has a snap fastener that engages with the end of the cylinder assembly 1 for easy disassembly and replacement of the dust cover 15.

[0030] The outer wall of cylinder assembly 1 is provided with heat sink 17, such as Figure 5 As shown. The heat sink 17 is evenly distributed along the axial direction of the cylinder assembly 1. The surface of the heat sink 17 has several grooves, which increase the surface area of ​​the heat sink 17, thereby improving heat dissipation. The heat sink 17 is made of aluminum alloy, which has good thermal conductivity and can quickly dissipate the heat generated during the operation of the cylinder assembly 1, reducing oil temperature and extending the service life of the cylinder.

[0031] In practical applications, when a dump truck is subjected to external impact, the piston assembly 2 slides along the inner wall of the cylinder assembly 1. The hydraulic medium flows through the throttle orifice 9 of the diversion channel 8, generating a damping effect. Simultaneously, the return spring 10 applies a counterforce to the piston assembly 2, causing it to quickly return to its initial position. By rotating the adjusting handle 13, the gap between the conical valve core 14 and the inner wall of the regulating valve 12 can be adjusted, thereby changing the flow rate of the hydraulic medium and achieving precise control of the buffering effect. The combination of multi-layer sealing rings and dust cover 15 effectively prevents external impurities from entering the cylinder assembly 1, avoiding the risk of hydraulic oil leakage due to seal failure. The design of the heat sink 17 significantly improves the heat dissipation performance of the cylinder, reducing the performance degradation caused by excessive temperature.

[0032] In order to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and implement the technical solution of this utility model, the implementation principle of this utility model will be explained in detail below in conjunction with specific application scenarios.

[0033] During the operation of the dump truck, when the vehicle is subjected to external impact due to road bumps or load changes, the buffer cylinder begins to operate. First, the piston assembly 2 slides along the inner wall of the cylinder assembly 1 under the action of the external impact force. At this time, the hydraulic medium flows through the diversion channel 8 inside the piston head 7. Because a throttling orifice 9 is provided in the middle of the diversion channel 8, and the diameter of the throttling orifice 9 is smaller than the diameter of the diversion channel 8, the hydraulic medium is restricted when passing through the throttling orifice 9, and the flow velocity is reduced, thereby generating a damping effect, absorbing and dispersing the external impact energy. This process effectively mitigates the impact on vehicle stability and achieves the shock absorption and buffering function.

[0034] Meanwhile, the return spring 10 in the elastic return assembly 3 compresses and deforms after the piston assembly 2 is compressed, storing elastic potential energy. When the external impact force weakens or disappears, the return spring 10 releases the stored potential energy, applying a reverse thrust to the piston assembly 2, causing it to quickly return to its initial position. The guide sleeve 11 ensures that the return spring 10 maintains a stable direction of movement during extension and retraction, avoiding deviation or twisting, thereby improving the reliability of the return action.

[0035] In actual operation, if the buffering effect needs to be adjusted according to the working conditions, it can be achieved by rotating the adjusting handle 13. The adjusting handle 13 drives the conical valve core 14 to move axially along the regulating valve 12, changing the gap between the conical valve core 14 and the inner wall of the regulating valve 12. This change in gap directly affects the flow rate of the hydraulic medium: when the gap increases, the flow rate of the hydraulic medium increases, and the buffering effect weakens; conversely, when the gap decreases, the flow rate of the hydraulic medium decreases, and the buffering effect strengthens. In this way, the buffering effect can be precisely controlled according to different working conditions, meeting the usage requirements of dump trucks under different road conditions.

[0036] To ensure the sealing performance of the hydraulic cylinder under harsh operating conditions, the sealing assembly 5 adopts a design combining multi-layer sealing rings and a dust cover 15. The multi-layer sealing rings are embedded in an annular groove at the end of the cylinder assembly 1, tightly fitting against the inner wall of the cylinder assembly 1 to form multiple sealing barriers and prevent hydraulic fluid leakage. The dust cover 15 covers the outer side of the sealing rings, and its end is fixedly connected to the cylinder assembly 1 by a snap-fit, facilitating disassembly and replacement and effectively preventing external impurities from entering the cylinder assembly 1. Furthermore, the inner wall of the clamping ring 16 has several protrusions that contact the outer periphery of the sealing ring, further enhancing the sealing performance and reducing the risk of seal failure.

[0037] During prolonged operation, the hydraulic medium inside the cylinder assembly 1 generates heat due to friction and compression, causing the oil temperature to rise. To address this issue, heat sinks 17 are installed on the outer wall of the cylinder assembly 1. The heat sinks 17 are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the cylinder assembly 1, and their surfaces have several grooves. These grooves increase the surface area of ​​the heat sinks 17, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency. The heat sinks 17 are made of aluminum alloy, which has excellent thermal conductivity, enabling them to quickly transfer heat from inside the cylinder assembly 1 to the external environment, reducing oil temperature and extending the service life of the cylinder.

[0038] In addition, the outer periphery of the piston rod 6 is coated with a wear-resistant coating 18, which is made of ceramic matrix composite material and has high hardness and wear resistance. During the frequent contact between the piston rod 6 and the sealing ring, the wear-resistant coating 18 significantly reduces frictional loss between the two, improving the durability of the piston rod 6. At the same time, the connecting flange 19 at the end of the piston rod 6 is connected to external equipment through a threaded hole, ensuring a secure assembly of the cylinder with other components of the dump truck.

[0039] In summary, this utility model, through optimized structural design, demonstrates excellent technical effects in resisting high-intensity impacts, adjusting buffering effects, improving sealing performance, and enhancing heat dissipation. The combination of the above-described implementation steps and principles enables this utility model to operate stably under complex working conditions, meeting the actual usage needs of dump trucks. The above content is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model; any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A shock absorbing cushion cylinder for a dump truck, characterized by, The system includes a buffer cylinder main structure, which includes a cylinder assembly (1), a piston assembly (2), and an elastic reset assembly (3). The cylinder assembly (1) has a chamber for containing hydraulic medium inside. The piston assembly (2) is slidably disposed inside the cylinder assembly (1). The elastic reset assembly (3) is installed at the bottom of the cylinder assembly (1) and connected to the piston assembly (2). An adjustment device (4) is provided on the outside of the cylinder assembly (1), and the adjustment device (4) is connected to the chamber. Both ends of the cylinder assembly (1) are provided with sealing assemblies (5). The sealing assembly (5) includes multiple sealing rings and a dust cover (15). The dust cover (15) is fixed to the end of the cylinder assembly (1) and covers the sealing rings.

2. A shock absorbing cushion cylinder for a dump truck as defined in claim 1, characterized in that The piston assembly (2) includes a piston rod (6) and a piston head (7). One end of the piston rod (6) passes through the end of the cylinder assembly (1) and extends to the outside, while the other end is fixedly connected to the piston head (7). The outer periphery of the piston head (7) is provided with several annular grooves, and a sealing element is embedded in the annular groove. The sealing element is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the cylinder assembly (1). The piston head (7) is provided with a flow diversion channel (8). The two ends of the flow diversion channel (8) are respectively connected to the chamber. The middle part of the flow diversion channel (8) is provided with a throttling orifice (9). The diameter of the throttling orifice (9) is smaller than the diameter of the flow diversion channel (8).

3. The shock-absorbing and buffer cylinder for a dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic reset assembly (3) includes a reset spring (10) and a guide sleeve (11). One end of the reset spring (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylinder assembly (1), and the other end is in contact with the bottom of the piston head (7). The guide sleeve (11) is fixed to the bottom of the cylinder assembly (1) and sleeved on the outside of the reset spring (10). The inner wall of the guide sleeve (11) is provided with several guide grooves, and the guide grooves match the outer periphery of the reset spring (10).

4. The shock-absorbing and buffer cylinder for a dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, The regulating device (4) includes a regulating valve (12) and a regulating handle (13). The regulating valve (12) is installed on the outside of the cylinder assembly (1) and communicates with the chamber. The regulating handle (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the regulating valve (12). The regulating valve (12) has a conical valve core (14) inside. The outer periphery of the conical valve core (14) is provided with a sealing gasket. The sealing gasket is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the regulating valve (12).

5. A shock-absorbing and buffering cylinder for a dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing assembly (5) also includes a clamping ring (16), which is fixed to the end of the cylinder assembly (1) and located outside the sealing ring. The inner wall of the clamping ring (16) is provided with several protrusions, which are in contact with the outer periphery of the sealing ring. The end of the dust cover (15) is provided with a buckle, which is engaged and fixed to the end of the cylinder assembly (1).

6. A shock-absorbing and buffering cylinder for a dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the cylinder assembly (1) is provided with heat sinks (17), the heat sinks (17) are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the cylinder assembly (1), the surface of the heat sinks (17) is provided with several grooves, and the material of the heat sinks (17) is aluminum alloy.

7. A shock-absorbing and buffering cylinder for a dump truck according to claim 2, characterized in that, The piston rod (6) is provided with a wear-resistant coating (18) on its outer periphery. The wear-resistant coating (18) has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm and is made of ceramic matrix composite material. The piston rod (6) is provided with a connecting flange (19) at its end. The surface of the connecting flange (19) is provided with several threaded holes.

8. A shock-absorbing and buffering cylinder for a dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust cover (15) has a buckle at its end, which is engaged and fixed to the end of the cylinder assembly (1), and the inner side of the dust cover (15) is completely covered by the sealing ring.

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