A bottom-burning heating furnace bottom structure using wall panels for heat dissipation

Abstract

This utility model relates to a bottom structure of a bottom-fired heating furnace utilizing wall panels for heat dissipation. It includes an air duct system connected to a burner mounted on the furnace bottom plate; the air duct system includes an air distribution shell mounted on the furnace bottom plate, forming a cavity between the air distribution shell and the furnace bottom plate, and is equipped with an air duct inlet and an air duct outlet. The air duct outlet is connected to the combustion air inlet of the burner. A distribution plate unit is installed within the cavity formed by the air distribution shell and the furnace bottom plate, and a first air valve is installed within the air duct outlet; it also includes a filter screen plate installed at the inlet of the air duct inlet; and a cleaning device installed on the air duct inlet. This utility model can reduce the temperature of the furnace bottom shell, avoid overheating of the furnace bottom under naturally windless conditions, recover heat loss, improve the working efficiency of the heating furnace, and reduce the amount of lining material used in the radiant section of the furnace bottom, thus reducing initial investment and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of heating furnace technology, and in particular relates to a bottom structure of a bottom-fired heating furnace that utilizes wall panels for heat dissipation. Background Technology

[0002] With the further development of national energy and environmental engineering, energy conservation and emission reduction are important issues facing my country. In various furnaces and kilns in current industrial production, heat loss from the outer shell or walls is a significant source of heat loss, accounting for 1.5% to 3% of the total heat output, equivalent to the heat lost when the flue gas temperature increases by 50 to 80°C. The higher the surface temperature and the larger the area of ​​the furnace's outer wall, the greater the heat loss, and consequently, the lower the furnace's thermal efficiency.

[0003] In industrial applications, a common practice is to line the outer shell with refractory insulation material, controlling the external wall temperature to manage heat loss. However, during actual operation, the external wall temperature of industrial furnaces often exceeds the design temperature due to erosion and detachment of the refractory material, leading to increased heat loss and reduced thermal efficiency. When the external wall temperature exceeds the design temperature significantly, the furnace must be shut down for repair of the refractory lining to maintain the design temperature. Reducing lining costs and maximizing wall heat dissipation is a major design challenge for furnaces. Many heating furnaces used in the chemical and petroleum industries are vertical. Typical bottom-fired furnaces have a radiant convection section structure, with the burner located at the bottom of the radiant section. Fuel burns at high temperatures within the burner, releasing heat for the furnace's operation. Due to its proximity to the burner, the bottom of the furnace receives significant direct radiant heat from the flame. Therefore, a thick layer of refractory material is typically laid at the bottom, including refractory bricks, refractory castables, ceramic fiberboard, and aluminosilicate hydrophobic boards.

[0004] The furnace bottom of the aforementioned structural design typically forms a semi-enclosed space. Because heated air rises and accumulates on the furnace bottom surface, especially in windless environments, the temperature at the bottom becomes very high. This can easily lead to overheating of the furnace bottom, and the heat is wasted as heat dissipation. Generally, the highest temperature on the outer wall of the furnace occurs at the furnace bottom, reaching approximately 80-90°C. Furthermore, poor heat dissipation at the furnace bottom necessitates a thick lining material; otherwise, the shell is easily deformed by heat. The lining material also requires regular inspection and maintenance, resulting in high costs and low production efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a bottom structure for bottom-fired heating furnaces that utilizes wall panels for heat dissipation to solve these problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a bottom-fired heating furnace structure with a rationally integrated design that utilizes wall panels for heat dissipation, addressing technical problems existing in prior art. This invention can reduce the temperature of the furnace bottom shell, preventing overheating under naturally draftless conditions, recovering heat loss, and improving the furnace's operating efficiency. It can also reduce the amount of lining material used in the radiant section of the furnace bottom, lowering initial investment and maintenance costs.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art is as follows: A bottom-fired heating furnace bottom structure utilizing wall panel heat dissipation includes a duct system for a burner installed on the bottom plate of the heating furnace; the duct system includes an air distribution shell installed on the bottom plate of the heating furnace, forming a cavity between the air distribution shell and the bottom plate of the heating furnace and having an air duct inlet and an air duct outlet, the air duct outlet being connected to the combustion air inlet of the burner; a distribution plate unit for deflecting and guiding the incoming gas is provided in the cavity formed by the air distribution shell and the bottom plate of the heating furnace; a first air valve is provided in the air duct outlet for proportional adjustment according to the burner load; a filter screen plate is also included at the inlet of the air duct inlet for filtering and removing impurities from the gas entering the air distribution shell; and a cleaning device is also included on the air duct inlet for cleaning the filter screen plate.

[0007] The advantages and positive effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a bottom-fired heating furnace bottom structure that utilizes wall panels for heat dissipation. By setting up an air duct system, an air channel connecting external air and the burner can be formed, and the natural draft of the burner is used as the power source for the air channel, thereby forming a stable airflow. Through the distribution plate unit set in the air distribution shell, air can flow through the entire outer wall of the heating furnace bottom plate according to the design, thereby enabling heat exchange between the ambient temperature air and the high temperature furnace bottom surface. This prevents the heating furnace bottom plate shell from experiencing local overheating due to insufficient air cooling, and reduces the radiant section of the furnace bottom. The reduced use of lining material lowers initial investment and maintenance costs. Simultaneously, the heated air, guided by the distribution plate unit, enters the burner as combustion air, thus recovering and utilizing the heat exchanged with the furnace bottom plate, improving furnace efficiency. The installed filter screen filters and removes impurities from the air, preventing large solid particles from entering the air passage and affecting the normal operation of the burner and furnace. A cleaning device periodically cleans and collects accumulated impurities from the filter screen, preventing them from affecting the air intake of the air duct. This invention reduces the furnace bottom shell temperature, preventing overheating under naturally windless conditions, recovering heat loss, and improving furnace efficiency. It also reduces the amount of lining material used in the radiant section of the furnace bottom, lowering initial investment and maintenance costs.

[0008] Preferably, the cleaning device includes a cleaning mounting frame installed at the inlet of the air duct inlet, a plurality of horizontally arranged cleaning guide rails fixedly connected to the cleaning mounting frame, and a cleaning roller brush assembly spanning the filter screen plate movably connected to the plurality of cleaning guide rails via a slider for cleaning the filter screen plate; it also includes a moving drive assembly installed on the cleaning mounting frame for driving the cleaning roller brush assembly to move along the cleaning guide rails.

[0009] Preferably, the cleaning roller brush assembly includes two sets of cleaning end frames that are slidably connected to and opposite to a plurality of cleaning guide rails via a slider, a roller brush that spans a filter screen is rotatably connected between the two sets of cleaning end frames, and a roller brush motor for driving the roller brush to rotate is mounted on the cleaning end frames; a dust collection protective cover is installed between the two sets of cleaning end frames, covering the roller brush with its open end facing the filter screen, and an air outlet connected to a dust collection fan is provided on the dust collection protective cover.

[0010] Preferably, the moving drive assembly includes a moving transmission pair mounted on the cleaning mounting frame and a moving motor for driving the moving transmission pair; both the moving transmission pair and the moving motor are provided in two sets; both ends of the cleaning roller brush assembly are connected to the two sets of moving transmission pairs respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the distribution plate unit includes a few baffles installed in the cavity formed by the air distribution shell and the heating furnace bottom plate; each baffle in the distribution plate unit can be a plate with the same structure or different structures, or the distribution plate unit can be a combination of multiple baffle arrays; the structure of the baffle can be straight plate, annular, spiral, baffle type or grid.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a second air valve installed at the port of the air inlet of the air duct.

[0013] Preferably, the second air valve includes an air valve mounting frame, and at least two sets of valve plate assemblies are rotatably connected in the inner area of ​​the air valve mounting frame. The at least two sets of valve plate assemblies are arranged in parallel and linked together. It also includes an air valve drive for driving each valve plate assembly to rotate synchronously. The structure of the first air valve is the same as that of the second air valve. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cleaning device in this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cleaning roller brush assembly in this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mobile drive component in this utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second air valve in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional structure.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Burner; 2. First air valve; 3. Air distribution housing; 4. Second air valve; 4-1. Air valve drive component; 4-2. Air valve mounting frame; 4-3. Blade unit; 4-3-1. Blade one; 4-3-2. Blade two; 4-4. Limiting angle steel; 4-5. Sealing elastic element; 4-6. Swing arm connecting plate; 4-7. Mounting swing arm; 4-8. Valve plate shaft; 5. Cleaning device; 5-1. Cleaning mounting bracket; 5-2. Cleaning guide. 5-3. Cleaning roller brush assembly; 5-3-1. Roller brush motor; 5-3-2. Cleaning end frame; 5-3-3. Dust collection protective cover; 5-3-4. Roller brush; 5-3-5. Connecting angle steel; 5-4. Moving drive assembly; 5-4-1. Moving motor; 5-4-2. Moving transmission pair; 6. Air duct inlet; 7. Heating furnace body; 8. Distribution plate unit; 9. Air duct outlet; 10. Heating furnace bottom plate; 11. Filter screen plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To further understand the invention content, features, and effects of this utility model, the following embodiments are provided in detail:

[0022] Please see Figure 1 The bottom structure of the bottom-fired heating furnace of this utility model, which utilizes the heat dissipation of the wall panel, includes a duct system for the interconnected burners 1 installed on the bottom plate 10 of the heating furnace; in this embodiment, one or more burners 1 are installed on the bottom plate 10 of the heating furnace.

[0023] The air duct system includes an air distribution shell 3 installed on the bottom plate 10 of the heating furnace. A cavity is formed between the air distribution shell 3 and the bottom plate 10 of the heating furnace, and an air duct inlet 6 and an air duct outlet 9 are provided. The air duct outlet 9 is connected to the combustion air inlet of the burner 1, and the air duct inlet 6 is connected to the outside atmosphere. A distribution plate unit 8 is provided in the cavity formed by the air distribution shell 3 and the bottom plate 10 of the heating furnace for deflecting and guiding the incoming gas. A first air valve 2 is provided in the air duct outlet 9 for proportional adjustment according to the load of the burner 1. The system also includes a filter screen 11 installed at the inlet of the air duct inlet 6 for filtering and removing impurities from the gas entering the air distribution shell 3. The system also includes a cleaning device 5 installed on the air duct inlet 6 for cleaning the filter screen 11. To control the airflow of the air inlet 6, this embodiment also includes a second air valve 4 installed at the port of the air inlet 6. The second air valve 4 is located inside the air inlet 6, and the filter screen 11 is located at the port of the air inlet 6.

[0024] In this embodiment, the aforementioned distribution plate unit 8 includes several baffles installed within the cavity formed by the air distribution shell 3 and the heating furnace bottom plate 10. Each baffle in the distribution plate unit 8 can be a plate with the same or different structures, or the distribution plate unit 8 can be a combination of multiple baffle arrays; wherein, the structure of the baffle can be straight, annular, spiral, baffle-type, or grid-like. Through the distribution plate unit 8, air flows through the entire outer wall of the heating furnace bottom plate 10 according to the designed flow pattern. During the flow, the air exchanges heat with the heating furnace bottom plate 10, reducing the temperature of the furnace bottom plate, while simultaneously heating the air and increasing its temperature. This ensures that the heating furnace bottom plate 10 shell does not experience localized overheating due to insufficient air cooling.

[0025] In addition, such as Figure 2 As shown, the cleaning device 5 includes a cleaning mounting bracket 5-1 installed at the inlet of the air inlet 6 of the air duct. Several horizontally arranged cleaning guide rails 5-2 are fixedly connected to the cleaning mounting bracket 5-1, with at least two cleaning guide rails 5-2. A cleaning roller brush assembly 5-3, spanning the filter screen 11, is movably connected to the several cleaning guide rails 5-2 via sliders for cleaning the filter screen 11. The cleaning device 5 also includes a moving drive assembly 5-4 installed on the cleaning mounting bracket 5-1 for driving the cleaning roller brush assembly 5-3 to move along the cleaning guide rails 5-2.

[0026] like Figure 3As shown, the cleaning roller brush assembly 5-3 includes two sets of cleaning end frames 5-3-2 that are slidably connected to and oppositely arranged with several cleaning guide rails 5-2 via sliders. A connecting angle steel 5-3-5 is installed between the two sets of cleaning end frames 5-3-2 to connect them as a whole. A roller brush 5-3-4 spanning the filter screen plate 11 is rotatably connected between the two sets of cleaning end frames 5-3-2. The assembly also includes a roller brush motor 5-3-1 mounted on the cleaning end frames 5-3-2 for driving the rotation of the roller brush 5-3-4. In addition, to prevent impurities after cleaning from re-diffusing into the working area, a dust collection protective cover 5-3-3 is installed between the two sets of cleaning end frames 5-3-2, covering the roller brush 5-3-4 with its open end facing the filter screen plate 11. The dust collection protective cover 5-3-3 is connected to the connecting angle steel 5-3-5. An air outlet connected to a vacuum fan is provided on the dust collection protective cover 5-3-3.

[0027] See further Figure 4 As shown, the aforementioned mobile drive assembly 5-4 includes a mobile transmission pair 5-4-2 mounted on the cleaning mounting frame 5-1 and a mobile motor 5-4-1 for driving the mobile transmission pair 5-4-2; both the mobile transmission pair 5-4-2 and the mobile motor 5-4-1 are provided in two sets; both ends of the cleaning roller brush assembly 5-3 are connected to the two sets of mobile transmission pairs 5-4-2 respectively.

[0028] The moving transmission pair 5-4-2 can be a pulley transmission pair or a sprocket transmission pair. In this embodiment, the moving transmission pair 5-4-2 is a pulley transmission pair. Structurally, the moving transmission pair 5-4-2 includes a driving pulley and a driven pulley rotatably connected on the cleaning mounting frame 5-1. A transmission belt is provided between the driving pulley and the driven pulley. The end of the cleaning roller brush assembly 5-3 is connected to the transmission belt through a pressure plate. The driving pulley and the driven pulley are located on the periphery of both ends of the filter screen plate 11. With this arrangement, it can be ensured that the cleaning roller brush assembly 5-3 is located beside the filter screen plate 11 during normal operation, without affecting the normal operation of the filter screen plate 11. When it is necessary to clean the filter screen plate 11, the cleaning roller brush assembly 5-3 can reciprocate along the length direction of the filter screen plate 11 under the action of the moving drive assembly 5-4, thereby ensuring that the rotating roller brush 5-3-4 in the cleaning roller brush assembly 5-3 can clean the filter screen plate 11.

[0029] See further Figure 5 The aforementioned second air valve 4 includes an air valve mounting frame 4-2, in which at least two sets of valve plate assemblies are rotatably connected. The at least two sets of valve plate assemblies are arranged in parallel and linked together. It also includes an air valve drive component 4-1 for driving each valve plate assembly to rotate synchronously. The structure of the first air valve 2 is the same as that of the second air valve 4.

[0030] The valve plate assembly includes a valve plate shaft 4-8 that passes through and is rotatably connected to the damper mounting frame 4-2. A blade unit 4-3 located in the internal area of ​​the damper mounting frame 4-2 is mounted on the valve plate shaft 4-8. See further details. Figure 6 The aforementioned blade unit 4-3 includes blade 4-3-1 and blade 4-3-2 mounted on the valve plate shaft 4-8. Blade 4-3-1 and blade 4-3-2 have the same structural shape and are centrally symmetrical about the valve plate shaft 4-8. In actual operation, when blade 4-3-1 and blade 4-3-2 in two adjacent valve plate assemblies are in an overlapping state, the second air valve 4 is in a closed state. When each valve plate assembly is in an inclined state, the second air valve 4 is in an open state.

[0031] To ensure the sealing of the second air valve 4 when it is closed, two opposing limiting angle steels 4-4 and two opposing sealing elastic elements 4-5 are installed on the inner wall of the air valve mounting frame 4-2. Both sealing elastic elements 4-5 are elastic plates with trapezoidal cross sections. The two ends of each valve plate assembly are in frictional contact with the two sealing elastic elements 4-5 respectively. When the second air valve 4 is closed, the corresponding blades in the two valve plate assemblies located at the beginning and end rest on the two limiting angle steels 4-4 respectively.

[0032] In addition, in order to achieve linkage between the various valve plate assemblies, a mounting swing arm 4-7 is fixedly connected to the end of each valve plate pivot 4-8. Several mounting swing arms 4-7 are arranged in parallel, and a swing arm connecting plate 4-6 is also included that is pivotally connected to the end of each mounting swing arm 4-7.

[0033] The second air valve 4 mentioned above can be manually operated or automatically operated. That is, the air valve drive component 4-1 can be a drive handwheel or a drive motor. In this embodiment, the air valve drive component 4-1 mentioned above is a drive motor.

[0034] Working principle:

[0035] An air duct system is used to form an air passage at the bottom of the furnace body 7, connecting the external air and the burner 1. The natural draft of the burner 1 powers the air passage, thus creating a stable airflow. Before the air enters the air passage, the filter screen 11 filters and removes impurities, preventing large solid particles from entering the air passage and affecting the normal operation of the burner 1. After entering the air passage formed by the air distribution shell 3, the air comes into direct contact with the furnace bottom plate 10 of the furnace body 7. The distribution plate unit 8 set inside the air distribution shell 3 allows the air to flow through the entire outer wall of the furnace bottom plate 10 according to the design. The ambient temperature air from the atmosphere exchanges heat with the high temperature furnace bottom surface, ensuring that the furnace bottom plate 10 does not suffer from local overheating due to lack of air cooling. During the airflow process, on the one hand, the temperature of the furnace bottom plate 10 is reduced to ensure the operating temperature of the shell and reduce the amount of refractory material used; on the other hand, the air is heated and the temperature can be increased by 10-20°C. Then, it is guided into the burner 1 through the distribution plate unit 8 and participates in combustion as combustion air. This allows the heat exchanged with the furnace bottom plate 10 to be recovered and utilized in the furnace, thereby improving the efficiency of the furnace.

[0036] After working for a period of time, a large amount of impurities will accumulate on the filter screen 11. In order to avoid the accumulated impurities affecting the air intake of the air inlet 6 of the air duct, the filter screen 11 needs to be cleaned regularly using the cleaning device 5. That is, the moving motor 5-4-1 in the moving drive assembly 5-4 and the roller brush motor 5-3-1 in the cleaning roller brush assembly 5-3 are started, so that the cleaning roller brush assembly 5-3 moves back and forth along the filter screen 11. During the movement, the rotating roller brush 5-3-4 can clean the filter screen 11. At the same time, the dust collection fan connected to the air outlet of the dust collection protective cover 5-3-3 can collect the cleaned impurities in a concentrated manner to prevent the cleaned impurities from being dispersed into the air again.

Claims

1. A bottom structure for a bottom-fired heating furnace utilizing wall panels for heat dissipation, characterized in that: The system includes a duct system for a connected burner (1) mounted on the bottom plate (10) of the heating furnace; the duct system includes an air distribution shell (3) mounted on the bottom plate (10), a cavity is formed between the air distribution shell (3) and the bottom plate (10) of the heating furnace and an air duct inlet (6) and an air duct outlet (9) are provided, the air duct outlet (9) is connected to the combustion air inlet of the burner (1), and an air distribution shell (6) is provided in the cavity formed by the air distribution shell (3) and the bottom plate (10) of the heating furnace. The distribution plate unit (8) for deflecting and guiding the incoming gas has a first air valve (2) installed in the air outlet (9) of the air duct for proportional adjustment according to the load of the burner (1); it also includes a filter screen (11) installed at the inlet of the air inlet (6) of the air duct for filtering and removing impurities from the gas entering the air distribution housing (3); it also includes a cleaning device (5) installed on the air inlet (6) of the air duct for cleaning the filter screen (11).

2. The bottom structure of the bottom-fired heating furnace utilizing wall panels for heat dissipation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning device (5) includes a cleaning mounting frame (5-1) installed at the inlet of the air inlet (6) of the air duct, a number of cleaning guide rails (5-2) arranged laterally fixed on the cleaning mounting frame (5-1), and a cleaning roller brush assembly (5-3) spanning the filter screen (11) is movably connected to the number of cleaning guide rails (5-2) by a slider for cleaning the filter screen (11); it also includes a moving drive assembly (5-4) installed on the cleaning mounting frame (5-1) for driving the cleaning roller brush assembly (5-3) to move along the cleaning guide rails (5-2).

3. The bottom structure of the bottom-fired heating furnace utilizing wall panels for heat dissipation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning roller brush assembly (5-3) includes two sets of cleaning end frames (5-3-2) that are slidably connected to and opposite to several cleaning guide rails (5-2) via sliders. A roller brush (5-3-4) that spans the filter screen plate (11) is rotatably connected between the two sets of cleaning end frames (5-3-2). The assembly also includes a roller brush motor (5-3-1) mounted on the cleaning end frame (5-3-2) for driving the roller brush (5-3-4) to rotate. A dust collection protective cover (5-3-3) that covers the roller brush (5-3-4) and has its open end facing the filter screen plate (11) is installed between the two sets of cleaning end frames (5-3-2). An air outlet connected to a vacuum fan is provided on the dust collection protective cover (5-3-3).

4. The bottom structure of the bottom-fired heating furnace utilizing wall panels for heat dissipation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The moving drive assembly (5-4) includes a moving transmission pair (5-4-2) mounted on the cleaning mounting frame (5-1) and a moving motor (5-4-1) for driving the moving transmission pair (5-4-2); both the moving transmission pair (5-4-2) and the moving motor (5-4-1) are provided in two sets; the two ends of the cleaning roller brush assembly (5-3) are respectively connected to the two sets of moving transmission pairs (5-4-2).

5. The bottom structure of the bottom-fired heating furnace utilizing wall panels for heat dissipation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The distribution plate unit (8) includes a few turbulence plates installed in the cavity formed by the air distribution shell (3) and the heating furnace bottom plate (10); each turbulence plate in the distribution plate unit (8) is a plate with the same structure or different structure, or the distribution plate unit (8) is a combination of multiple turbulence plate arrays and the structure of the turbulence plate is straight plate, annular, spiral, baffle plate or grid.

6. The bottom structure of the bottom-fired heating furnace utilizing wall panels for heat dissipation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second air valve (4) installed at the port of the air inlet (6) of the air duct.

7. The bottom structure of the bottom-fired heating furnace utilizing wall panels for heat dissipation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The second air valve (4) includes an air valve mounting frame (4-2), in which at least two sets of valve plate assemblies are rotatably connected. The at least two sets of valve plate assemblies are arranged in parallel and linked together. It also includes an air valve drive (4-1) for driving each valve plate assembly to rotate synchronously. The structure of the first air valve (2) is the same as that of the second air valve (4).

Images