Elastic clamping device for special-shaped workpieces

Abstract

The utility model discloses a special-shaped workpiece elastic clamping device, its characterized in that: the device includes hydraulic clamping jaw mechanism, be provided with fixed lower clamping jaw and be located the upper clamping jaw above the hydraulic clamping jaw mechanism, be provided with the locating fixture on the fixed clamping jaw, the locating fixture includes horizontal support platform and vertical locating platform, the bottom of upper clamping jaw is provided with two locating concave surface, the device still includes adjustment fixture, the adjustment fixture includes C type frame, and the end of C type frame is connected with the clamping handle, and the Z axis stand is supported in C type frame, and the light rod portion of Z axis stand is swingly connected with the adjusting block, still the first spring is sleeved outside Z axis stand, and the first spring is located the below of adjusting block, and the adjusting nut of screwing connection with Z axis stand is arranged in the above of adjusting block.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining, and in particular to an elastic clamping device for irregularly shaped workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial production and processing activities, when a workpiece needs to be processed, it must first be positioned and clamped to find the positioning reference before subsequent processing operations can be carried out. For conventional workpieces with simple shapes and structures, conventional tooling fixtures can be used for positioning and clamping. However, for some workpieces with special shapes and complex structures, conventional tooling fixtures are difficult to use for accurate and convenient positioning.

[0003] For example, in carrying out such Figure 1 When the inner hole of the workpiece shown (engine common rail injector seat) is extruded and polished, because the workpiece is an irregularly shaped workpiece, there are few reference surfaces that can be used for positioning. At the same time, it is required that one of the inner holes on the workpiece be coaxial with the central axis of the fixture during positioning. Therefore, it is difficult to use traditional tooling fixtures for positioning. In addition, in traditional methods, the loading process is not given much consideration or intervention. The positional accuracy is adjusted only after the workpiece is placed on the fixture, which affects the efficiency of the clamping operation.

[0004] Therefore, a method or apparatus is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a simple, ingeniously designed, and rationally laid-out elastic clamping device for irregularly shaped workpieces that enables efficient, convenient, and precise positioning.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is: an elastic clamping device for irregularly shaped workpieces, characterized in that: the device includes a hydraulic gripper mechanism 1, on which a fixed lower gripper 2 and an upper gripper 3 located above it are provided; a positioning fixture is provided on the fixed gripper 2, the positioning fixture including a horizontal support platform 4 and a vertical positioning platform 5; and two positioning concave surfaces 6 are provided at the bottom of the upper gripper 3. The device further includes an adjustment fixture, which comprises a C-frame 7 with a clamp 8 connected to its end. A Z-axis column 9 is supported inside the C-frame 7. An adjustment block 10 is movably connected to the smooth rod portion of the Z-axis column 9. A first spring 11 is sleeved on the outside of the Z-axis column 9, and the first spring 11 is located below the adjustment block 10. An adjustment nut 12, threadedly connected to the Z-axis column 9, is provided above the adjustment block 10. The adjusting block 10 is provided with a first positioning rod 13 and a second positioning rod 14 that are parallel to each other. The two positioning rods correspond one-to-one with the two inner holes 16 opened on the irregular workpiece 15 to be processed. A second spring 17 is sleeved on the first positioning rod 13. One end of the second spring 17 is fixedly connected to the adjusting block 10, and the other end is connected to the limiting ring 18. The limiting ring 18 is movably sleeved on the first positioning rod 13. At the same time, the central axis of the first positioning rod 13 is collinear with the central axis of the hydraulic gripper mechanism 1.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages: This type of flexible clamping device for irregularly shaped workpieces features a simple structure, ingenious design, and reasonable layout. Addressing the problems encountered during the clamping process of certain irregularly shaped workpieces, it employs a special structure consisting of a hydraulic gripper mechanism mounted on the machine tool and an adjusting fixture. The adjusting fixture stably supports the workpiece and allows for fine-tuning within a certain range. Under the action of the machine tool, the adjusting fixture moves the workpiece, transporting it to the hydraulic gripper mechanism, where it is clamped. Due to the special structure of the hydraulic gripper mechanism (a horizontal support platform limits vertical movement, and a vertical positioning platform limits horizontal movement), the spatial position of the workpiece relative to the hydraulic gripper mechanism is ensured to be accurate after clamping. The hydraulic gripper mechanism then clamps the workpiece, completing a fast and precise clamping operation. Compared to traditional methods, this device, with its hydraulic gripper mechanism and adjusting fixture specifically designed for the structure of irregularly shaped workpieces, makes the entire operation more convenient and faster, while also ensuring the final clamping position accuracy and saving labor costs. Furthermore, its manufacturing process is simple and its production cost is low. Therefore, it can be said that it has many advantages and is particularly suitable for promotion and application in this field, with a very broad market prospect. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the workpiece targeted in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0009] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention (in a non-clamping state).

[0010] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention (clamping state).

[0011] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A in the image.

[0012] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment fixture and the workpiece in an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 5 As shown: A flexible clamping device for irregularly shaped workpieces includes a hydraulic gripper mechanism 1, on which a fixed lower gripper 2 and an upper gripper 3 are provided. A positioning fixture is provided on the fixed gripper 2, which includes a horizontal support platform 4 and a vertical positioning platform 5. Two positioning concave surfaces 6 are provided at the bottom of the upper gripper 3. The device further includes an adjustment fixture, which comprises a C-frame 7 with a clamp 8 connected to its end. A Z-axis column 9 is supported inside the C-frame 7. An adjustment block 10 is movably connected to the smooth rod portion of the Z-axis column 9. A first spring 11 is sleeved on the outside of the Z-axis column 9, and the first spring 11 is located below the adjustment block 10. An adjustment nut 12, threadedly connected to the Z-axis column 9, is provided above the adjustment block 10. The adjusting block 10 is provided with a first positioning rod 13 and a second positioning rod 14 that are parallel to each other. The two positioning rods correspond one-to-one with the two inner holes 16 opened on the irregular workpiece 15 to be processed. A second spring 17 is sleeved on the first positioning rod 13. One end of the second spring 17 is fixedly connected to the adjusting block 10, and the other end is connected to the limiting ring 18. The limiting ring 18 is movably sleeved on the first positioning rod 13. At the same time, the central axis of the first positioning rod 13 is collinear with the central axis of the hydraulic gripper mechanism 1.

[0014] The hydraulic gripper mechanism 1 is mounted on the spindle of the machine tool, while the adjusting fixture is mounted on the turret, which is also equipped with a tool for extruding the inner hole 16.

[0015] The working process of the irregular workpiece elastic clamping device of this utility model embodiment is as follows: In the initial state, the turret adjusts the adjusting fixture to the working position, and the operator places the irregular workpiece 15 on the adjusting fixture. Specifically, the two inner holes 16 on the irregular workpiece 15 are simultaneously inserted into the first positioning rod 13 and the second positioning rod 14. When the adjusting fixture is in the working position, the central axis of the first positioning rod 13 is collinear with the spindle of the machine tool (i.e., the central axis of the hydraulic gripper mechanism 1). Therefore, after the irregular workpiece 15 is connected to the adjusting fixture, the axis of the inner hole 16 inserted into the first positioning rod 13 is collinear with the central axis of the hydraulic gripper mechanism 1. In other words, the coaxiality of the irregular workpiece 15 can be determined by adjusting the fixture. Then the machine tool drives the turret to move, driving the irregular workpiece 15 to move in the direction of the hydraulic gripper mechanism 1 until the irregular workpiece 15 moves to the positioning fixture. In the actual movement process, the turret has a margin of motion, that is, after the end face of the irregular workpiece 15 contacts the vertical positioning table 5, the turret will still drive it to move a distance along the current direction. During this process, the second spring 17 is compressed. After the turret moves to the position, it stops and begins to move backward. During the backward movement, the irregular workpiece 15 will remain in the original position under the action of the second spring 17 and the limit ring 18, thereby realizing the action of the first positioning rod 13 and the second positioning rod 14 exiting from the inner hole 16. After the adjustment fixture separates from the irregular workpiece 15, the irregular workpiece 15 is supported and positioned by the positioning fixture. The control system sends a signal to the hydraulic gripper mechanism 1, and the upper gripper 3 moves downward. The positioning concave surface 6 on its bottom end face presses against the outer wall of the irregular workpiece 15 and clamps it. At this time, the position of the irregular workpiece 15 relative to the machine tool is accurate and meets the processing requirements. Then the turret performs a tool change action, switches the tool that can realize extrusion processing to the working position, and then drives the tool to move to process the two inner holes 16 of the irregular workpiece 15.

[0016] When it is necessary to perform internal hole machining on irregularly shaped workpieces 15 of different specifications, the operator can change the position of the adjusting block 10 relative to the C-shaped frame 7 by rotating the adjusting nut 12, so as to ensure that the height of the first positioning rod 13 matches the height of the internal hole 16 of the current irregularly shaped workpiece 15.

Claims

1. A flexible clamping device for irregularly shaped workpieces, characterized in that: The device includes a hydraulic gripper mechanism (1), on which a fixed lower gripper (2) and an upper gripper (3) are provided. A positioning fixture is provided on the fixed gripper (2), which includes a horizontal support platform (4) and a vertical positioning platform (5). Two positioning concave surfaces (6) are provided at the bottom of the upper gripper (3). The device also includes an adjustment fixture, which includes a C-frame (7), with a clamp (8) connected to the end of the C-frame (7). A Z-axis column (9) is supported inside the C-frame (7). An adjustment block (10) is movably connected to the smooth part of the Z-axis column (9). A first spring (11) is also sleeved on the outside of the Z-axis column (9), and the first spring (11) is located below the adjustment block (10). An adjustment nut (12) that is threadedly connected to the Z-axis column (9) is provided above the adjustment block (10). The adjustment block (10) is provided with a first positioning rod (13) and a second positioning rod (14) that are parallel to each other. The two positioning rods correspond one-to-one with the two inner holes (16) opened on the irregular workpiece (15) to be processed. A second spring (17) is sleeved on the first positioning rod (13). One end of the second spring (17) is fixedly connected to the adjustment block (10), and the other end is connected to the limiting ring (18). The limiting ring (18) is movably sleeved on the first positioning rod (13). At the same time, the central axis of the first positioning rod (13) is collinear with the central axis of the hydraulic gripper mechanism (1).

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