A new type of line drawing scale for rock uniaxial compression deformation test

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel line marking scale for rock block uniaxial compression deformation test, be used for geotechnical engineering investigation test technical field, including chassis part, reducing diameter part and scale part, for a kind of scale that can be rock block uniaxial compression deformation test resistance strain gauge method calibration accurate point position. The use method provided by the utility model is divided into positioning, measuring, orientation, dotting four steps. The variable-diameter positioning of rock test piece can be realized, that is, the center of a variety of diameter test piece circular section and the center of angle positioning circle can be aligned without the test piece being a unified fixed diameter;Since the outer extension rod end face of the four-bar turntable is set as a cambered surface, when the outer extension rod of the rotating four-bar turntable enters the lower notch of the vertical ruler in sequence, only one electromagnet is needed to lock the vertical ruler, and the four symmetrical point positions with an angle difference of 90 degrees are calibrated efficiently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering investigation and testing technology, specifically relating to a novel line drawing scale for uniaxial compression deformation testing of rock blocks. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, uniaxial compression deformation tests on rock blocks are frequently conducted in geotechnical engineering investigations to determine the Poisson's ratio. The test specimen is a cylindrical rock block. Taking the current "Standard for Test Methods of Engineering Rock Mass GB / T 50266-2013" as an example, when using the resistance strain gauge method, resistance strain gauges need to be attached to two sets of symmetrical locations perpendicular to each other on the side of the column at the axial center of the specimen. Each set is based on points of relative rotational symmetry, with axial and radial strain gauges attached to each set, for a total of two sets of four points. Then, each resistance strain gauge is connected to a Wheatstone bridge via wires. When the specimen is axially compressed on a press, the axial and radial strain of the specimen are simultaneously collected and recorded.

[0003] To measure the strain at symmetrical locations on the surface of a cylindrical specimen, it is advisable to place the four strain gauge attachment points at 90° angles apart on the projection of the circular cross-section. However, due to the diversity of drill bit sizes, the core samples obtained from in-situ drilling in engineering projects often have inconsistent sizes, and their lithology and structural characteristics are also heterogeneous, making it impossible to always process the specimens into cylinders of the same diameter. In standard testing procedures, professional technicians usually analyze the core sample's fractures, dimensions, lithology, and other aspects before cutting it into standard cylindrical specimens with a diameter of 48–54 mm; even when large mineral grains are present in the sample, the specimen diameter should be processed to be more than 10 times the diameter of the largest mineral grain in the rock. In such special cases, it is possible to produce specimens with a diameter exceeding 54 mm.

[0004] As described above, after preparing specimens that meet the requirements of the uniaxial compression deformation test of rock blocks, the specimen diameter is within a relatively limited range. Generally, technicians establish a circular scribed line and corresponding marking points at various angles on a fixed plane. When marking the points for attaching the resistance strain gauges on the specimen, they visually estimate that the circular cross-section of the specimen is aligned with the center of the circular scribed line. Then, they align four straight lines at 90° angles on the bottom plane of the specimen, and use a vertical ruler to draw lines to the cylindrical surface of the specimen, measuring the midpoint of the column height to determine the attachment position of the resistance strain gauge. However, the rock specimen obstructs the technician's view of the center position of the circular scribed line. Therefore, visual alignment will cause significant random errors. Furthermore, the additional step of drawing lines to find the intersection points further reduces the efficiency of the resistance strain gauge marking process. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a novel marking scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks. This scale can accurately align the central axis of the cylindrical specimen with the central axis of the chassis, and efficiently mark four points that are rotationally symmetrical about the axis of the cylindrical specimen.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0007] This utility model provides a novel marking scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks, including a base component, a diameter reduction component, and a scale component;

[0008] The chassis component includes a fixed disk 1, a four-bar turntable 2, and a ball bearing disk 20; the ball bearing disk 20 is fixedly installed in the center hole of the fixed disk 1; the four-bar turntable 2 is rotatably installed on the upper part of the ball bearing disk 20; a diameter reduction component for clamping rock specimens of different diameters is provided above the four-bar turntable 2; a scale component is provided on the side of the fixed disk 1; the scale component includes a vertical ruler 9 that moves freely along the radial direction of the fixed disk 1 and a sliding ink fountain 7 that slides up and down relative to the vertical ruler 9.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixed disk 1 is disc-shaped, and at the circumferential end relative to the center, a plurality of angular engravings along the radial direction around the center are equidistantly arranged, and are rigidly connected to the outer diameter of the outer ring of the ball disk 20 around the same central axis.

[0010] Furthermore, the four-bar turntable 2 is rigidly connected to the inner ring of the ball bearing disk 20; the four-bar turntable 2 extends outward with four rods at a 90° angle, the outer ends of the rods are circular cut surfaces, and each of the four rod ends has a spring bead 15. The spring bead 15 is recessed into the rod when pressed, and is held outside the rod end by the spring when not pressed; the upper surface of the four-bar turntable 2 is provided with four-bar turntable screw holes 21.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameter reduction component includes a fixed ring cup 18, opposing overlapping blades 19, a rotating paddle 16, a paddle locking screw 17, and a fixed cover 4;

[0012] The fixing cover 4 is a hollow circular ring cover, which is disposed on the top of the four-bar turntable 2 and is fixedly connected to the four-bar turntable 2; the side of the fixing cover 4 has a side opening; the fixing ring cup 18, the opposing overlapping blades 19 and the rotating paddle 16 are coaxially arranged inside the fixing cover 4;

[0013] The fixing ring cup 18 is fixed to the inner wall of the fixing cover 4; the annular surface of the fixing ring cup 18 is drilled with blade positioning holes 22 of equal angles;

[0014] The rotating paddle 16 is located below the fixed ring cup 18 and is rotatable relative to the fixed ring cup 18. The rotating paddle 16 has multiple strip-shaped gaps cut at equal angles on its annular surface. The strip-shaped gaps are continuous in the central direction and closed in the circumferential direction. A hollow lever 23 extends outward from the circumference of the rotating paddle 16. The hollow lever 23 extends out from the side opening of the fixed cover 4. The end slider of the hollow lever 23 is connected to the paddle locking screw 17. The paddle locking screw 17 is used to lock the hollow lever 23 to the fixed cover 4 after it is turned into place.

[0015] The opposing stacked blades 19 include multiple stacked arc-shaped rings, each of which has circular cut surfaces at both ends. A first cylindrical pin is fixed to one side of one end face of each arc-shaped ring, and the first cylindrical pin is embedded in the blade positioning hole 22. A second cylindrical pin is fixed to the other side of the other end face of each arc-shaped ring, and the second cylindrical pin is slidably disposed in one of the strip-shaped gaps of the rotating paddle 16.

[0016] Furthermore, the opposing stacked blades 19 include 12 arc-shaped rings; the blade positioning holes 22 and the strip-shaped gaps are both provided with 12.

[0017] Furthermore, the fixing cover 4 has a screw hole that communicates with the four-bar turntable screw hole 21 of the four-bar turntable 2. A reduced-diameter fixing screw 3 is used to rotate into the screw hole of the fixing cover 4 and lock in place with the four-bar turntable screw hole 21.

[0018] Furthermore, the ruler 9 is a column-type centimeter ruler, with the starting position of the zero mark flush with the upper surface of the four-bar turntable 2;

[0019] The bottom of the ruler 9 is a hollow rectangular tube, and the bottom of the ruler 9 is embedded in the fixed plate 1 and is held in place by the grooved track so that it can only move freely along the radial direction of the fixed plate 1; an electromagnet is installed inside the hollow tube at the bottom of the ruler 9, which is controlled by the electromagnet switch 13 on the outer wall of the ruler 9. When energized, it has magnetism, and when de-energized, it has no magnetism.

[0020] Furthermore, a notch 14 is provided on the lower part of the ruler 9 facing the four-bar turntable 2.

[0021] Furthermore, the sliding ink fountain 7 has a rectangular opening in the middle, which is slidably connected to the vertical ruler 9; the rear end of the sliding ink fountain 7 has a threaded knob, which communicates with the rectangular opening in the middle of the sliding ink fountain 7 and abuts against the surface of the vertical ruler 9. Turning it clockwise will tighten the sliding ink fountain 7 to a specified height on the vertical ruler 9, while turning it counterclockwise will loosen the sliding ink fountain 7 and allow it to move freely.

[0022] Furthermore, the front end of the sliding ink fountain 7 is a cross-shaped ink soft probe pen 6, and the end of the pen has an oriented cross-shaped inlay groove inside the sliding ink fountain 7, which constrains the cross-shaped direction to be horizontal and vertical relative to the ruler 9. The extension and retraction of the cross-shaped ink soft probe pen 6 is controlled by the probe pen extension knob 8. The side wall of the sliding ink fountain 7 is a hollowed-out observation window 12, which facilitates the observation and alignment of the engraved lines on the ruler 9.

[0023] The novel line marking scale provided by this utility model for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks has the following advantages:

[0024] The diameter reduction component proposed in this utility model can realize the variable diameter positioning of rock specimens, that is, it can align the center of the circular cross section of specimens with the center of the angle positioning circle without the specimens having a uniform fixed diameter.

[0025] The ruler component of this utility model has a bottom end controlled by an electromagnet to slide and stop on the bottom free slide rail. When the ruler slides freely along the track on the fixed plate, the notch on the lower side of the ruler is adjusted to fit precisely into the spring bead on the side of the four-bar turntable extension rod. At this time, the electromagnet is activated to attract the rail surface and lock the bottom end of the ruler. This setting can control the tight connection between the ruler and the four-bar turntable extension rod. Locking the ruler allows the end of the extension rod to be inserted into the lower notch of the ruler. Therefore, the device can still maintain stability when performing the marking action of the sliding ink line.

[0026] This invention proposes a four-bar turntable, which can achieve smooth rotation by connecting to the base through the inner diameter of the ball bearing plate. It can also achieve a fixed position for each outrigger by having internally connected spring balls on the arc-shaped surfaces of the four outriggers embedded in the lower recess of the ruler when it is in a fixed state. Since the end faces of the outriggers of the four-bar turntable are set as arc surfaces, only one electromagnet is needed to lock the ruler when the outriggers of the four-bar turntable enter the lower recess of the ruler in sequence. This efficiently achieves four symmetrical point calibrations with a 90° angle difference. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of a novel line-drawing scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks provided by this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 The front view of a novel line-drawing scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks provided by this utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 A side view of a novel line-drawing scale for uniaxial compression deformation testing of rock blocks provided by this utility model;

[0030] Figure 4A top view of a novel line-drawing scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks provided by this utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Sectional view along AA;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0033] Figure 7 An exploded view of a novel line scale for uniaxial compression deformation testing of rock blocks provided by this utility model;

[0034] Figure 8 This is an assembly drawing of the rotating paddle, the opposing overlapping blades, and the fixing ring cup provided by this utility model;

[0035] Figure 9 Assembly diagram of the rotating paddle and the opposing overlapping blades provided by this utility model;

[0036] Figure 10 An assembly drawing of the opposing stacked blades provided by this utility model;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a front view of the opposing overlapping blades provided by this utility model;

[0038] Figure 12 An assembly drawing of four blades in an opposing stacked blade provided by this utility model;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a side view of four blades in an opposing stacked blade provided by this utility model.

[0040] In the diagram: 1-Fixed disc; 2-Four-bar turntable; 3-Reduced diameter component fixing screw; 4-Fixed cover; 5-Rock specimen; 6-Cross-shaped ink soft probe pen; 7-Sliding ink fountain; 8-Probe pen extension knob; 9-Vertical ruler; 10-Tightening knob; 11-Probe pen elevation mark; 12-Observation window; 13-Electromagnet switch; 14-Vertical ruler notch; 15-Spring bead; 16-Rotating lever; 17-Lever locking screw; 18-Fixed ring cup; 19-Opposing overlapping blades; 20-Ball bearing disc; 21-Four-bar turntable screw hole; 22-Blade positioning hole; 23-Hollow lever. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the technical problems solved, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0042] The specific implementation of this utility model is not limited to specific dimensions or materials. The dimensions of each part mentioned above in this specification are for the purpose of facilitating the expression of the implementation form of the device. Any modifications to the implementation method, component form, dimensions, and materials of this test and verification device, as long as these modifications and changes conform to the test purpose and basic structural and functional composition of this utility model, shall fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0043] This invention provides a novel marking scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks, such as... Figures 1 to 13 As shown: It mainly consists of chassis components, diameter reduction components, and scale components.

[0044] The chassis component consists of a fixed plate 1, a four-bar turntable 2, a ball bearing plate 20, etc.; the diameter reduction component consists of a fixed ring cup 18, opposing overlapping blades 19, a rotating paddle 16, a paddle locking screw 17, a fixed cover 4, etc.; the scale component consists of a vertical ruler 9, a sliding ink fountain 7, etc.

[0045] The ball bearing plate 20 is fixedly installed in the center hole of the fixed plate 1; the four-bar turntable 2 is rotatably installed on the upper part of the ball bearing plate 20; the diameter reduction component for clamping rock specimens of different diameters is provided above the four-bar turntable 2; the scale component is provided on the side of the fixed plate 1; the scale component includes a vertical ruler 9 that moves freely along the radial direction of the fixed plate 1 and a sliding ink line 7 that slides up and down relative to the vertical ruler 9.

[0046] The fixed disk 1 is disc-shaped, and at the circumferential end relative to the center, multiple angular engravings along the radial direction around the center are equidistantly arranged. For example, angular engravings are drawn around the center at a certain width at the circumferential end from the center to the radius, and are rigidly connected to the outer diameter of the outer ring of the ball disk 20 around the same central axis.

[0047] The four-bar turntable 2 is rigidly connected to the inner ring of the ball bearing plate 20; the four-bar turntable 2 extends outward with four rods at a 90° angle, the outer ends of the rods are circular cut surfaces, and each of the four rod ends has a spring bead 15. When pressed, the spring bead 15 is recessed into the rod, and when not pressed, it is stuck outside the rod end; the upper surface of the four-bar turntable 2 is provided with four-bar turntable screw holes 21.

[0048] The diameter reduction component includes a fixed ring cup 18, opposing overlapping blades 19, a rotating paddle 16, a paddle locking screw 17, and a fixed cover 4.

[0049] The fixing cover 4 is a hollow circular ring cover, which is disposed on the top of the four-bar turntable 2 and is fixedly connected to the four-bar turntable 2; the side of the fixing cover 4 has a side opening; the fixing ring cup 18, the opposing overlapping blades 19 and the rotating paddle 16 are coaxially arranged inside the fixing cover 4;

[0050] The fixing ring cup 18 is fixed to the inner wall of the fixing cover 4; the annular surface of the fixing ring cup 18 is drilled with blade positioning holes 22 of equal angles;

[0051] The rotating paddle 16 is located below the fixed ring cup 18 and is rotatable relative to the fixed ring cup 18. The rotating paddle 16 has multiple strip-shaped gaps cut at equal angles on its annular surface. The strip-shaped gaps are continuous in the central direction and closed in the circumferential direction. A hollow lever 23 extends outward from the circumference of the rotating paddle 16. The hollow lever 23 extends out from the side opening of the fixed cover 4. The end slider of the hollow lever 23 is connected to the paddle locking screw 17. The paddle locking screw 17 is used to lock the hollow lever 23 to the fixed cover 4 after it is turned into place.

[0052] The opposing stacked blades 19 include multiple stacked arc-shaped rings, each of which has circular cut surfaces at both ends. A first cylindrical pin in the vertical direction is welded and fixed on one side of one end face of each arc-shaped ring, and the first cylindrical pin is embedded in the blade positioning hole 22. A second cylindrical pin in the vertical direction is fixed on the other side of the other end face of each arc-shaped ring, and the second cylindrical pin is slidably disposed in one of the strip-shaped gaps of the rotating paddle 16.

[0053] For example, the opposing stacked blades 19 include 12 arc-shaped rings; the blade positioning holes 22 and the strip-shaped gaps are both provided with 12.

[0054] The fixed ring cup 18 of the reduced diameter component has an opening on the side of the cup cut at a certain angle, and holes with an arithmetic angle of 30° are drilled through the ring surface.

[0055] The rotary paddle 16 of the reduced diameter component has twelve strip-shaped gaps cut at equal angles on its annular surface. The strip-shaped gaps are continuous in the direction of the center and closed in the direction of the circumference. A hollow lever 23 extends outward from the circumference of the rotary paddle 16. The hollow lever 23 is connected to the paddle locking screw 17 as a slider.

[0056] The fixing cover 4 of the reduced diameter component is a hollow circular cover; the size of the opening on the side wall of the cover is consistent with the side opening of the fixing ring cup 18, so as to facilitate the hollow lever 23 to connect to the external space.

[0057] The fixed cover 4 has screw holes that communicate with the four-bar screw holes 21 of the four-bar turntable 2; the reducing component fixing screws 3 are rotated into the four screw holes on the fixed cover 4 through the four screw holes and engage with the four-bar screw holes 21 on the upper surface of the four-bar turntable 2 to lock. After locking, the reducing component and the four-bar turntable 2 rotate around a fixed axis at the same angular velocity. This fixed axis is the rotation axis of the ball bearing disk 20.

[0058] The ruler 9 is a column-shaped centimeter ruler, with the zero mark starting at the same level as the upper surface of the four-bar turntable 2. The bottom of the ruler 9 is a hollow rectangular tube, which is embedded in the fixed plate 1 and held in place by a grooved track, allowing it to move freely only radially along the fixed plate 1. An electromagnet is installed inside the hollow tube at the bottom of the ruler 9, controlled by an electromagnet switch 13 on the outer wall of the ruler. It is magnetic when energized and non-magnetic when de-energized. A ruler notch 14 is provided at the lower part of the ruler 9 facing the four-bar turntable 2.

[0059] The sliding ink fountain 7 has a rectangular opening in the middle, which is slidably connected to the vertical ruler 9. The rear end of the sliding ink fountain 7 has a threaded knob, which communicates with the rectangular opening in the middle of the sliding ink fountain 7 and abuts against the surface of the vertical ruler 9. Turning it clockwise will tighten the sliding ink fountain 7 to a specified height on the vertical ruler 9, while turning it counterclockwise will loosen it and allow the sliding ink fountain 7 to move freely.

[0060] The front end of the sliding ink fountain 7 is a cross-shaped ink soft probe pen 6. The end of the pen has a directional cross-shaped inlay groove inside the sliding ink fountain 7, which constrains the cross-shaped direction to be horizontal and vertical relative to the ruler 9. The extension and retraction of the cross-shaped ink soft probe pen 6 is controlled by the probe pen extension knob 8. The side wall of the sliding ink fountain 7 is a hollowed-out observation window 12, which facilitates the observation and alignment of the engraved lines on the ruler 9.

[0061] The following describes a specific embodiment of the structure:

[0062] The device mainly consists of a chassis component, a diameter reduction component, and a scale component. The chassis component consists of a fixed plate 1 and a four-bar turntable 2; the diameter reduction component consists of a fixed ring cup 18, opposing overlapping blades 19, a rotating paddle 16, a paddle locking screw 17, and a fixed cover 4; the scale component consists of a vertical ruler 9 and a sliding ink fountain 7.

[0063] The fixed plate 1 of the chassis component is made of stainless steel and has a diameter of 200mm. Angle lines are engraved at a distance of 55-75mm from the center to the radius. The inner circle is located in the radius direction from the center to 55mm and is rigidly connected to the outer diameter of the ball bearing plate 20 around the central axis.

[0064] The four-bar turntable 2 of the chassis component is a 100mm diameter disc with four rods extending outward at 90° angles. Each rod extends 25mm beyond the circumference of the four-bar turntable 2. The outer end face of the rod is a circular cut surface. Each of the four rod ends has a spring bead 15 connected to a spring inside the rod. When pressed, the spring bead 15 is recessed into the rod. When not under force, the spring bead is stuck outside the rod end. The upper surface of the four-bar turntable 2 disc has four screw holes with an angle difference of 90° around the center. The lower surface of the four-bar turntable 2 disc is rigidly connected to the inner diameter of the ball bearing disc 20 of the fixed disc 1 via a central axis.

[0065] The fixed ring cup 18 of the reduced diameter component has an opening on the side of the cup cut at a certain angle, and 12 blade positioning holes 22 with equal angles drilled through the ring surface. The angle of each hole is 30° and the hole diameter is 2mm.

[0066] The opposing stacked blades 19 of the reduced diameter component are formed by stacking single blades. Each single blade is an arc ring with a radius of curvature of 34 mm and a thickness of 0.25 mm. Both ends of the arc ring have circular cut surfaces. A cylindrical nail (2 mm in diameter) perpendicular to the arc ring surface is welded to one end face of the arc ring and embedded in the blade positioning hole 22. A cylindrical nail perpendicular to the arc ring surface is welded to the other end face and slidably set in the strip gap of the rotating paddle 16.

[0067] The rotary lever 16 of the reduced diameter component is an extended hollow lever-type ring made of hard plastic material. The ring surface is cut with 12 strip-shaped gaps at equal angles, each angle being 30° apart. The width of the strip-shaped gaps is 2mm, passing through in the central direction and closed in the circumferential direction, used to embed the cylindrical nails on one end face of the opposing overlapping blades 19. A hollow lever extends outward from the circumference of the rotary lever 16, and the hollow lever is connected to the lever locking screw 17 of the aforementioned reduced diameter component.

[0068] The fixing cover 4 of the reduced diameter component is a hollow circular cover; the opening on the side wall of the cover is the same size as the side opening of the fixing ring cup 18, so as to facilitate the hollow lever to connect to the external space; the upper surface of the fixing cover 4 has 4 screw holes with a point angle difference of 90°.

[0069] The reducing component is fixed by screws 3, which rotate into the four screw holes on the fixing cover 4 of the reducing component and engage with the four screw holes on the upper surface of the four-bar turntable 2 of the chassis component to lock. After locking, the reducing component and the four-bar turntable 2 rotate around a fixed axis at the same angular velocity. This fixed axis is the rotation axis of the ball bearing disk 20 on the fixing disk 1 of the chassis component.

[0070] The ruler 9, made of stainless steel, is a column-shaped centimeter ruler with a graduation value of 1mm. The starting position of the zero mark is flush with the upper surface of the four-bar turntable 2. The bottom of the column-shaped ruler is a hollow rectangular tube that is embedded in the groove track of the fixed plate 1 and is held in place by the track so that it can only move freely along the radial direction of the fixed plate 1. An electromagnet is installed inside the hollow tube at the bottom of the ruler 9. It is controlled by the button on the outer wall of the ruler 9, i.e., the electromagnet switch 13. When energized, it has magnetism, and when de-energized, it has no magnetism.

[0071] The sliding ink fountain 7 of the scale component has a rectangular opening in the middle, which is slidably connected to the vertical ruler 9. The rear end of the sliding ink fountain 7 is a threaded knob, namely the tightening knob 10, which is connected to the rectangular opening in the middle. Turning it clockwise tightens the sliding ink fountain 7 so that it is locked at a specified height on the vertical ruler 9, while turning it counterclockwise loosens it so that the sliding ink fountain 7 can slide freely.

[0072] The front end of the sliding ink fountain 7 is a cross-shaped soft ink probe pen 6, and the end of the pen has a directional cross-shaped inlay groove to ensure that the cross-shaped direction is horizontal and vertical relative to the ruler 9. The probe pen extension knob 8 at the top of the sliding ink fountain 7 controls the extension and retraction of the cross-shaped soft ink probe pen 6. The middle of the sliding ink fountain 7 has a hollow rectangular hole that matches the cross-sectional dimensions of the ruler 9. The locking and free sliding states are controlled by the tightening knob 10 at the end of the sliding ink fountain 7. The side wall of the sliding ink fountain 7 is a hollow window, namely the observation window 12. The middle of the observation window 12 is engraved with probe pen height markings 11 along the extension direction of the ink fountain, which facilitates observation and alignment of the ruler markings.

[0073] This utility model also provides a method for using a novel line-marking scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks:

[0074] Step 1: Positioning.

[0075] Rotate the rotating paddle 16 in one direction, and the cylindrical pins of each opposing overlapping blade 19 slide in the strip-shaped gap of the rotating paddle 16, thereby enlarging the limited range of the opposing overlapping blade 19. Then, place the rock specimen 5 to be tested into the loop. Rotate the rotating paddle 16 in the opposite direction, so that the opposing overlapping blade 19 pushes the rock specimen 5 towards the center until it is tight. After the sliding paddle locking screw 17 is aligned with the side wall of the fixing cover 4, tighten the nut on the screw to lock the rotating paddle 16.

[0076] Step 2: Testing.

[0077] Turn off the electromagnet switch 13 at the bottom of the ruler 9, push the ruler 9 to slide freely along the ruler slide rail on the fixed plate 1, and then turn on (left-hand) the tightening knob 10 at the end of the sliding ink fountain 7, so that the sliding ink fountain 7 slides freely until the scale line of the observation window 12 is flush with the top of the specimen, and measure the original height of the rock specimen 5; further, move the sliding ink fountain 7 so that the scale line of the observation window 12 is aligned with half the original height of the rock specimen 5, which is the vertical midpoint of the rock specimen 5, and then turn the tightening knob 10 right to make the sliding ink fountain 7 lock in the position marked on the ruler 9.

[0078] Step 3: Orientation.

[0079] Rotate the extension rod of the four-bar turntable 2 so that the spring bead 15 at the end of the extension rod engages with the vertical ruler recess 14 at the bottom of the vertical ruler 9. At this time, turn on the electromagnet switch 13 so that the vertical ruler 9 locks its degree of freedom in the vertical ruler track in the fixed plate 1.

[0080] Step 4: Marking points.

[0081] Turn on the probe pen extension knob 8 to make the cross-shaped ink soft probe pen 6 print a cross-shaped mark on the side wall of the rock specimen 5; then manually turn the extension rod of the four-bar turntable 2 to insert it into the vertical ruler notch 14 at the lower end of the vertical ruler 9 in sequence, and repeat the dotting operation of the cross-shaped ink soft probe pen 6 to finally form a cross-shaped positioning point with a 90° angle difference around the circumference of the middle of the rock specimen 5.

[0082] The novel line marking scale provided by this utility model for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks has the following advantages:

[0083] The diameter reduction component proposed in this utility model can realize the variable diameter positioning of rock specimens, that is, it can align the center of the circular cross section of specimens with the center of the angle positioning circle without the specimens having a uniform fixed diameter.

[0084] The ruler component of this utility model has a bottom end controlled by an electromagnet to slide and stop on the bottom free slide rail. When the ruler slides freely along the track on the fixed plate, the notch on the lower side of the ruler is adjusted to fit precisely into the spring bead on the side of the four-bar turntable extension rod. At this time, the electromagnet is activated to attract the rail surface and lock the bottom end of the ruler. This setting can control the tight connection between the ruler and the four-bar turntable extension rod. Locking the ruler allows the end of the extension rod to be inserted into the lower notch of the ruler. Therefore, the device can still maintain stability when performing the marking action of the sliding ink line.

[0085] This invention proposes a four-bar turntable, which can achieve smooth rotation by connecting to the base through the inner diameter of the ball bearing plate. It can also achieve a fixed position for each outrigger by having internally connected spring balls on the arc-shaped surfaces of the four outriggers embedded in the lower recess of the ruler when it is in a fixed state. Since the end faces of the outriggers of the four-bar turntable are set as arc surfaces, only one electromagnet is needed to lock the ruler when the outriggers of the four-bar turntable enter the lower recess of the ruler in sequence. This efficiently achieves four symmetrical point calibrations with a 90° angle difference.

[0086] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A novel line-marking scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks, characterized in that, Includes chassis components, reduced-diameter components, and scale components; The chassis component includes a fixed disk (1), a four-bar turntable (2), and a ball bearing disk (20); the ball bearing disk (20) is fixedly installed in the center hole of the fixed disk (1); the four-bar turntable (2) is rotatably installed on the upper part of the ball bearing disk (20); a diameter reduction component for clamping rock specimens of different diameters is provided above the four-bar turntable (2); the scale component is provided on the side of the fixed disk (1); the scale component includes a vertical ruler (9) that moves freely along the radial direction of the fixed disk (1) and a sliding ink fountain (7) that slides up and down relative to the vertical ruler (9).

2. The novel line-marking scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed disk (1) is disc-shaped, with multiple angular markings along the radial direction around the center of the circle at equal intervals at the circumferential end relative to the center of the circle, and rigidly connected to the outer diameter of the outer ring of the ball disk (20) around the same central axis.

3. A novel line-marking scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four-bar turntable (2) is rigidly connected to the inner ring of the ball bearing plate (20); the four-bar turntable (2) has four rods extending outward at a 90° angle, with the outer ends of the rods having a circular cut surface. Each of the four rod ends has a spring bead (15) on its circular cut surface. The spring bead (15) is recessed into the rod when pressed, and is held outside the rod end by the spring when not pressed; the upper surface of the four-bar turntable (2) is provided with four-bar turntable screw holes (21).

4. A novel line-marking scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reduced diameter component includes a fixed ring cup (18), opposing overlapping blades (19), a rotating paddle (16), a paddle locking screw (17), and a fixed cover (4); The fixing cover (4) is a hollow circular ring cover, which is set on the top of the four-bar turntable (2) and fixedly connected to the four-bar turntable (2); the side of the fixing cover (4) has a side opening; the fixing ring cup (18), the opposing overlapping blade (19) and the rotating paddle (16) are coaxially arranged inside the fixing cover (4); The fixing ring cup (18) is fixed to the inner wall of the fixing cover (4); the ring surface of the fixing ring cup (18) is drilled with blade positioning holes (22) of equal angles; The rotating paddle (16) is located below the fixed ring cup (18) and is rotatable relative to the fixed ring cup (18); the rotating paddle (16) has multiple strip-shaped gaps cut at equal angles on its annular surface, the strip-shaped gaps are continuous in the central direction and closed in the circumferential direction; a hollow lever (23) extends out of the circumference of the rotating paddle (16), the hollow lever (23) extends out from the side opening of the fixed cover (4); the end slider of the hollow lever (23) is connected to the paddle locking screw (17), the paddle locking screw (17) is used to lock the hollow lever (23) with the fixed cover (4) after the hollow lever (23) is turned into place; The opposing stacked blades (19) include multiple stacked arc rings, each arc ring having two circular cut surfaces at both ends. A first cylindrical pin is fixed on one side of one end face of each arc ring, the first cylindrical pin being embedded in the blade positioning hole (22). A second cylindrical pin is fixed on the other side of the other end face of each arc ring, the second cylindrical pin being slidably disposed in one of the strip-shaped gaps of the rotating paddle (16).

5. A novel line-marking scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks according to claim 4, characterized in that, The opposing stacked blades (19) include 12 arc-shaped rings; the blade positioning holes (22) and the strip-shaped gaps are both provided with 12.

6. A novel line-marking scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fixing cover (4) has a screw hole that communicates with the screw hole (21) of the four-bar turntable (2). A reducing diameter fixing screw (3) is used to rotate into the screw hole of the fixing cover (4) and lock it in place with the screw hole (21) of the four-bar turntable.

7. A novel line-marking scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ruler (9) is a column-type centimeter ruler, with the starting position of the zero mark flush with the upper surface of the four-bar turntable (2); The bottom end of the ruler (9) is a hollow rectangular tube, and the bottom end of the ruler (9) is embedded in the fixed plate (1) and is locked by the groove track so that it can only move freely along the radial direction of the fixed plate (1); an electromagnet is provided in the hollow tube at the bottom end of the ruler (9), which is controlled by the electromagnet switch (13) on the outer wall of the ruler (9). When energized, it has magnetism, and when de-energized, it has no magnetism.

8. A novel line-marking scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower part of the ruler (9) is provided with a ruler notch (14) facing the four-bar turntable (2).

9. A novel line-marking scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding ink fountain (7) has a rectangular opening in the middle, which is slidably connected to the ruler (9); the rear end of the sliding ink fountain (7) is a threaded knob, which communicates with the rectangular opening in the middle of the sliding ink fountain (7) and abuts against the surface of the ruler (9). Turning it clockwise will tighten the sliding ink fountain (7) and make it lock at a specified height on the ruler (9), while turning it counterclockwise will loosen the sliding ink fountain (7) and allow it to move freely.

10. A novel line-marking scale for uniaxial compression deformation tests of rock blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the sliding ink fountain (7) is a cross-shaped ink soft probe pen (6), and the end of the pen has a directional cross-shaped inlay groove inside the sliding ink fountain (7) to constrain the cross-shaped direction to be horizontal and vertical relative to the ruler (9). The extension knob (8) controls the extension and retraction of the cross-shaped ink soft probe pen (6). The side wall of the sliding ink fountain (7) is a hollowed-out observation window (12) to facilitate the observation and alignment of the engraved lines on the ruler (9).

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