A spring bearing pre-tightening structure for high-speed permanent magnet motor

Abstract

The utility model relates to motor bearing technical field discloses a kind of spring type bearing pre-tightening structure for high-speed permanent magnet motor, including casing and two bearing seats, the inside fixed mounting of bearing is equipped in bearing seat, the outside of bearing seat is provided with pre-tightening mechanism, the outside of bearing is provided with adjusting mechanism;The pre-tightening mechanism includes pressure plate, the inside rotation of pressure plate is connected with multiple bolts, multiple the bolt with bearing seat are screw connection, the outside fixed connection of bearing is equipped with spring seat.In the utility model, by bolt control pressure plate extrusion spring, then utilize spring seat to accurately transmit pre-tightening force to bearing, both satisfy the pre-tightening demand of DT matching bearing, avoid the problem that ordinary disc spring force is insufficient, large size component space adaptation is difficult, while eliminating bearing clearance, provide stable support for high-speed permanent magnet motor under large axial force working condition, guarantee motor operating accuracy and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of motor bearing technology, and in particular to a preload structure for spring bearings of high-speed permanent magnet motors. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed permanent magnet motors are special motors that use permanent magnets to replace traditional electrically excited windings to generate a magnetic field, and their rated speed is typically significantly higher than that of conventional motors (generally ≥10,000 r / min, and in some applications, tens of thousands of r / min). They feature high power density, high efficiency, small size, and low losses, and are widely used in new energy vehicle drives, aerospace, and high-end equipment manufacturing.

[0003] In existing technologies, high-speed motor bearings are designed with a back-to-back DBL pairing. However, this pairing method is limited by axial force. Therefore, in certain operating conditions requiring large axial forces, the bearing pairing method needs to be changed to a DT type, which requires increased preload. However, since the preload is between 1000 and 2000 N, ordinary disc springs and other wave-shaped washers cannot withstand the required preload, and other components requiring large preloads require excessively large installation dimensions, making them unsuitable. Therefore, a preload structure for spring-type bearings in high-speed permanent magnet motors is proposed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the above deficiencies, this utility model provides a preload structure for spring bearings in high-speed permanent magnet motors, aiming to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A preload structure for a spring-type bearing in a high-speed permanent magnet motor includes a housing and two bearing seats. The bearing seats have bearings fixedly installed inside, a preload mechanism is provided on the outside of the bearing seats, and an adjustment mechanism is provided on the outside of the bearings. The pre-tightening mechanism includes a pressure plate, and multiple bolts are rotatably connected inside the pressure plate. The multiple bolts are threadedly connected to the bearing seat. A spring seat is fixedly connected to the outside of the bearing, and a spring is installed inside the spring seat. As a further description of the above technical solution: The two bearing housings are fixedly installed inside the housing, and the rotor is installed inside the bearing; As a further description of the above technical solution: The inner side of the pressure plate is in contact with the outer side of the plurality of springs, and the inner side of the pressure plate is in contact with the outer side of the bearing seat; As a further description of the above technical solution: The adjustment mechanism includes multiple mounting holes, which are located at opposite ends of the two spring seats, and the inner side of the spring contacts the inner wall of the mounting hole. As a further description of the above technical solution: The mounting holes are distributed at equal angles along the circumference of the spring seat; As a further description of the above technical solution: An annular guide boss is provided between the pressure plate and the bearing seat to ensure that the spring is subjected to uniform force. As a further description of the above technical solution: The spring is made of 60Si2MnA spring steel. The spring wire diameter d and the spring mean diameter D satisfy 0.1≤d / D≤0.25, and the ratio of the spring's free height to its compressed working height is 1.2-1.5, which is suitable for 1000N~2000N preload requirements.

[0006] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this utility model, the bolt drives the pressure plate to move axially, and the annular guide boss constrains the pressure plate to rotate circumferentially, so that the pressure plate evenly compresses the spring; the spring, with the excellent performance of 60Si2MnA spring steel, stably outputs a preload of 1000N~2000N, which is accurately transmitted to the bearing through the spring seat, so as to make the rollers and raceways inside the bearing fit tightly and eliminate gaps, ultimately providing stable support for the high-speed rotation of the rotor, effectively ensuring the accuracy and rigidity of the high-speed permanent magnet motor during operation, and avoiding problems such as vibration and noise caused by bearing gaps.

[0007] 2. In this utility model, the mounting hole at the far end of the spring seat provides positioning space for the spring and restricts the radial offset of the spring. Furthermore, the uniform distribution of the preload along the circumference ensures that the preload is transmitted evenly. When facing different high-speed permanent magnet motor models or operating conditions, the operator can replace springs of different specifications or quantities based on the structural foundation of the mounting hole. The operator can also adjust the initial compression of the spring in the mounting hole to achieve precise adjustment of the preload. Without making significant changes to the overall structure, it can adapt to various operating requirements, significantly improving the applicability and flexibility of the preload structure and reducing the cost and difficulty of adapting to different models. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a spring bearing preload structure for a high-speed permanent magnet motor proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a spring seat for a preload structure of a spring bearing in a high-speed permanent magnet motor, as proposed in this utility model. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting hole for a spring bearing preload structure of a high-speed permanent magnet motor, as proposed in this utility model.

[0009] Legend: 1. Bearing housing; 2. Bearing; 3. Rotor; 4. Pressure plate; 5. Bolt; 6. Spring seat; 7. Mounting hole; 8. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0010] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0011] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This utility model provides an embodiment of a spring-type bearing preload structure for a high-speed permanent magnet motor, comprising a housing and two bearing seats 1. The two bearing seats 1 are fixedly installed inside the housing, and a bearing 2 is fixedly installed inside the bearing seat 1. A rotor 3 is installed inside the bearing 2. The housing is the basic mounting carrier of the entire preload structure, fixing the two bearing seats 1 inside it and providing stable support for the bearing seats 1. At the same time, the housing can isolate external dust and impurities, protecting the internal core components such as the rotor 3 and bearing 2 from external interference. The bearing 2 is a key component connecting the rotor 3 and the bearing seat 1. Its core function is to transmit the radial and axial forces of the rotor 3 to the bearing seat 1, reducing the frictional resistance when the rotor 3 rotates at high speed and ensuring the smooth rotation of the rotor 3. A preload mechanism is provided on the outside of the bearing seat 1. The bearing seat 1 is a direct mounting support structure for the bearing 2, limiting the radial position of the bearing 2, ensuring that the bearing 2 is coaxial with the rotor 3, and providing a force-bearing foundation for the preload mechanism. An adjustment mechanism is provided on the outside of the bearing 2. The preload mechanism includes a pressure plate 4, the inner side of which contacts the outer side of the bearing housing 1. Multiple bolts 5 are rotatably connected inside the pressure plate 4, and these bolts 5 are threadedly connected to the bearing housing 1. A spring seat 6 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bearing 2, and a spring 8 is installed inside the spring seat 6. The spring seat 6 is fixed to the outer side of the bearing 2, serving as the mounting carrier for the spring 8 and the intermediary for preload force transmission. Its fixed outer side allows for precise transmission of the axial preload force generated by the spring 8 to the bearing 2. The inner side of the pressure plate 4 contacts the outer sides of the multiple springs 8. The pressure plate 4 is the component for transmitting and adjusting the preload force. Its inner side contacts both the outer side of the bearing housing 1 and the outer side of the spring 8, forming an intermediate link for preload force transmission. Through the threaded engagement of the bolts 5 with the bearing housing 1, it can move axially, compressing the spring 8 to generate preload force. The bolts 5 are key connecting components driving the movement of the pressure plate 4. By rotating the bolts 5, the operator uses threaded transmission to move the pressure plate 4 towards the bearing housing 1, providing power for the pressure plate 4 to compress the spring 8. An annular guide boss is provided between the pressure plate 4 and the bearing seat 1 to ensure that the spring 8 is subjected to uniform force. The annular guide boss can restrict the circumferential rotation of the pressure plate 4 during axial movement, ensuring that the pressure plate 4 always moves smoothly along the axial direction, avoiding uneven pressure on the spring 8 caused by the offset of the pressure plate 4. At the same time, the annular guide boss can also help to position the relative position of the pressure plate 4 and the bearing seat 1, ensuring the stability of the overall structure of the pre-tightening mechanism, and indirectly ensuring uniform force on the bearing 2. The spring 8 is made of 60Si2MnA spring steel, which has high elastic limit and fatigue strength, and can stably output axial pre-tightening force during compression deformation. The spring wire diameter d and the spring mean diameter D meet the condition 0.1≤d / D≤0.25, and the ratio of the free height of the spring 8 to the working height after compression is 1.2-1.5, which is suitable for pre-tightening force requirements of 1000N~2000N.

[0012] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The adjustment mechanism includes multiple mounting holes 7, which are located at opposite ends of the two spring seats 6. The inner side of the spring 8 contacts the inner wall of the mounting hole 7. The mounting holes 7 are distributed at equal angles along the circumference of the spring seat 6. The mounting holes 7 can limit the radial displacement of the spring 8 when it is under force, and prevent the spring 8 from being misaligned and affecting the transmission of preload. The equal angle distribution of the mounting holes 7 along the circumference of the spring seat 6 ensures that the installation positions of the multiple springs 8 are symmetrical, so that the preload is evenly distributed along the circumference of the bearing 2. At the same time, it provides space for replacing springs 8 of different specifications and adjusting the initial compression, thereby realizing the adjustment of preload.

[0013] Working principle: Using the threaded connection between bolts 5 and bearing housing 1, the operator rotates multiple bolts 5 inside the pressure plate 4, causing the pressure plate 4 to move towards the bearing housing 1. As the pressure plate 4 gradually approaches the bearing housing 1, the inner side of the pressure plate 4 contacts the outer side of the spring 8 and exerts a squeezing force on the spring 8. The spring 8 undergoes elastic compression deformation within the installation space inside the spring seat 6. Since the spring seat 6 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bearing 2, the axial preload generated by the compression of the spring 8 is accurately transmitted to the bearing 2 through the spring seat 6, causing the rollers and raceways inside the bearing 2 to fit tightly together, eliminating the gap in the bearing 2. At the same time, the annular guide boss between the pressure plate 4 and the bearing housing 1 can constrain the circumferential rotation of the pressure plate 4, ensuring that the squeezing force of the pressure plate 4 on the multiple springs 8 is evenly distributed. Ultimately, the bearing 2 obtains a stable preload effect that meets the operating requirements of high-speed permanent magnet motors (1000N~2000N), providing a guarantee for the accuracy and rigidity of the motor when it rotates at high speed. Mounting hole 7 serves as the dedicated mounting and positioning space for spring 8. The inner side of spring 8 contacts the inner wall of mounting hole 7, which not only prevents radial displacement of spring 8 during force application but also limits its position. Furthermore, mounting holes 7 are evenly distributed along the circumference of spring seat 6, ensuring that the mounting position of each spring 8 on spring seat 6 is symmetrical. This allows the preload to be evenly distributed along the circumference of bearing 2 during subsequent preload transmission. When it is necessary to adjust the preload according to different high-speed permanent magnet motor models or operating conditions, different specifications or quantities of spring 8 can be replaced to adjust the preload. At the same time, the initial compression of spring 8 in mounting hole 7 can be adjusted to achieve precise adjustment of preload. This preload structure can adapt to the operating requirements of various high-speed permanent magnet motors, improving the versatility and flexibility of the structure.

[0014] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A preload structure for a spring-type bearing in a high-speed permanent magnet motor, comprising a housing and two bearing seats (1), characterized in that: The bearing (2) is fixedly installed inside the bearing housing (1), a pre-tightening mechanism is provided on the outside of the bearing housing (1), and an adjustment mechanism is provided on the outside of the bearing (2). The pre-tightening mechanism includes a pressure plate (4), and a plurality of bolts (5) are rotatably connected inside the pressure plate (4). The plurality of bolts (5) are threadedly connected to the bearing seat (1). A spring seat (6) is fixedly connected to the outside of the bearing (2), and a spring (8) is installed inside the spring seat (6).

2. The preload structure for a spring bearing in a high-speed permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two bearing seats (1) are fixedly installed inside the housing, and the rotor (3) is installed inside the bearing (2).

3. The preload structure for a spring bearing in a high-speed permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the pressure plate (4) is in contact with the outer side of the plurality of springs (8), and the inner side of the pressure plate (4) is in contact with the outer side of the bearing seat (1).

4. The preload structure for a spring bearing in a high-speed permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of mounting holes (7), which are disposed at opposite ends of the two spring seats (6), and the inner side of the spring (8) is in contact with the inner wall of the mounting hole (7).

5. A preload structure for a spring-type bearing in a high-speed permanent magnet motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting holes (7) are distributed at equal angles along the circumference of the spring seat (6).

6. The preload structure for a spring bearing in a high-speed permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular guide boss is provided between the pressure plate (4) and the bearing seat (1) to ensure that the spring (8) is subjected to uniform force.

7. A preload structure for a spring bearing in a high-speed permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring (8) is made of 60Si2MnA spring steel. The spring wire diameter d and the spring mean diameter D satisfy 0.1≤d / D≤0.

25. The ratio of the free height of the spring (8) to the working height after compression is 1.2-1.5, which is suitable for the preload requirements of 1000N~2000N.

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