A toilet bowl

Abstract

This utility model provides a toilet, including a bowl, a water outlet connector, and a drain pipe. The bowl defines an upward-opening flushing chamber. The water outlet connector is located on the lower outer wall of the bowl. The first plane containing the outlet of the water outlet connector is inclined. The drain pipe includes a flow channel pipe and a reinforcing plate. The reinforcing plate is located on the outer wall of the flow channel pipe, and its thickness is greater than that of the flow channel pipe. The outlet end of the water outlet connector is inserted into the inlet of the flow channel pipe. The inclined arrangement of the outlet of the water outlet connector facilitates the insertion of the outlet end of the water outlet connector into the inlet of the flow channel pipe. This insertion structure can effectively prevent water leakage between the water outlet connector and the flow channel pipe. Furthermore, the reinforcing plate is located outside the flow channel pipe, and its thickness is greater than that of the flow channel pipe. This can prevent stress deformation of the flow channel pipe after die casting, and can also effectively prevent water leakage between the water outlet connector and the flow channel pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of toilets, and in particular to a toilet. Background Technology

[0002] Some toilets on the market are made of metal, with the toilet bowl's water outlet pipe connected to the drain pipe. The flushing water flows out of the toilet bowl through the water outlet pipe and then through the drain pipe. Because the drain pipe is a thin-walled pipe, it is prone to stress deformation after processing, and the connection between the water outlet pipe and the drain pipe is also prone to installation errors, ultimately causing leaks at the connection point. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above problems, this utility model is proposed to provide a toilet that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems. By setting a rib plate with a thickness greater than the pipe wall on the flow channel pipe and inserting the outlet of the water outlet pipe joint into the flow channel pipe inlet, water leakage is avoided at the connection between the flow channel pipe and the water outlet pipe joint.

[0004] Specifically, this utility model provides a toilet, comprising:

[0005] A toilet bowl, wherein the toilet bowl defines an upward-opening flushing chamber, and the toilet bowl is made of metal;

[0006] A water outlet pipe connector defines a water outlet channel and is located on the lower outer wall of the toilet bowl; the water outlet channel communicates with the flushing chamber; the axis of the water outlet channel is horizontally arranged, and the first plane where the outlet of the water outlet connector is located is inclined; the water outlet connector is made of metal, and the toilet bowl and the water outlet connector are integrally die-cast;

[0007] The drain pipe includes a flow channel pipe and a reinforcing plate. The reinforcing plate is disposed on the outer wall of the flow channel pipe and extends along the length of the flow channel pipe. The thickness of the reinforcing plate is greater than the thickness of the flow channel pipe. The outlet end of the drain pipe connector is inserted into the inlet of the flow channel pipe. The drain pipe is made of metal.

[0008] Optionally, the flow channel includes a first straight pipe section, the inlet of which is the inlet of the flow channel; the second plane where the outlet of the first straight pipe section is located is inclined, and the distance between the second plane and the toilet bowl gradually increases from top to bottom;

[0009] The distance between the first plane and the toilet bowl gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0010] Optionally, an annular limiting groove is provided on the inlet end face of the first straight pipe section, the plane on which the bottom wall of the annular limiting groove is located is inclined, and the bottom wall of the annular limiting groove abuts against the outlet end face of the water outlet pipe joint.

[0011] Optionally, the drain pipe further includes a connecting plate, which is connected to the inlet end face of the first straight pipe section. The connecting plate has a connecting hole that communicates with the inlet of the first straight pipe section. The connecting plate also has a plurality of first mounting holes located outside the connecting hole.

[0012] The outer surface of the water outlet pipe joint is fitted with a connecting flange; the connecting flange has multiple threaded holes, which correspond to the multiple first mounting holes; the water outlet pipe joint, the connecting flange, and the toilet bowl are made of metal and are integrally die-cast.

[0013] Optionally, the toilet further includes a sealing gasket disposed between the connecting flange and the connecting plate; the sealing gasket has a plurality of second mounting holes, the second mounting holes corresponding to the first mounting holes.

[0014] Optionally, the projection of the flow channel defined by the first straight pipe section onto the first auxiliary plane includes an upper arc and a lower arc connected to each other, the lower arc being located below the upper arc; the upper arc is a minor arc, the lower arc is a major arc, and the radius of the upper arc is greater than the radius of the lower arc; the first auxiliary plane is a vertical plane extending laterally;

[0015] The projection of the water outlet channel onto the first auxiliary plane is the same as the projection of the channel defined by the first straight pipe section onto the first auxiliary plane.

[0016] Optionally, the stiffener includes a first stiffener and a second stiffener, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the flow channel and are in the same plane.

[0017] Optionally, the flow channel includes a first flow channel section and a second flow channel section connected to each other, the first flow channel section and the second flow channel section being symmetrically arranged about a vertical second auxiliary plane extending in the front-rear direction; the first stiffener includes a left first stiffener and a right first stiffener, the left first stiffener and the right first stiffener being symmetrically arranged about the second auxiliary plane; the second stiffener includes a left second stiffener and a right second stiffener, the left second stiffener and the right second stiffener being symmetrically arranged about the second auxiliary plane; the left first stiffener, the first flow channel section and the left second stiffener are located on one side of the second auxiliary plane, and the right first stiffener, the second flow channel section and the right second stiffener are located on the other side of the second auxiliary plane; the thickness of the left first stiffener and the left second stiffener is greater than the thickness of the first flow channel section; the thickness of the right first stiffener and the right second stiffener is greater than the thickness of the second flow channel section.

[0018] Optionally, the flow channel includes a first straight pipe section, a first connecting pipe section, a first straight pipe section, an arc pipe section, a second connecting pipe section, a second straight pipe section, and a second straight pipe section connected in sequence; the front end of the first straight pipe section is located below the rear end of the first straight pipe section, the arc pipe section protrudes in a direction away from the toilet bowl, the second straight pipe section is located in front of the rear end of the arc pipe section, and the front end of the second straight pipe section is located to the side or directly below the rear end.

[0019] Optionally, the diameters of the flow channels defined by the first connecting pipe section, the first straight pipe section, the arc pipe section, the second connecting pipe section, the second straight pipe section, and the second flat pipe section are equal.

[0020] In this toilet, the first plane where the outlet of the water outlet pipe connector is located is inclined, which facilitates the insertion of the outlet end of the water outlet pipe connector into the inlet of the flow channel pipe. Compared with the butt joint in the prior art, this plug-in structure can effectively avoid water leakage between the water outlet pipe connector and the flow channel pipe. Furthermore, the stiffening rib is set on the outside of the flow channel pipe, and the thickness of the stiffening rib is greater than the thickness of the flow channel pipe. This can prevent stress deformation of the flow channel pipe after die casting, which further avoids installation errors after the connection between the water outlet pipe connector and the flow channel pipe, and can also effectively prevent water leakage between the connection between the water outlet pipe connector and the flow channel pipe.

[0021] The above and other objects, advantages and features of this utility model will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments of this utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The following sections will describe some specific embodiments of the present invention in a detailed manner by way of example and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts or components. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the water outlet pipe connector and the drain pipe connection according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a drain pipe according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following reference Figures 1 to 3 This invention describes a toilet according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this description, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature, that is, include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. When a feature "includes or contains" one or more of the features it encompasses, unless otherwise specifically described, this indicates that other features are not excluded and may be further included.

[0027] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," "link," "fix," and "couple" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] Furthermore, in the description of this embodiment, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or it can include contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. That is, in the description of this embodiment, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "below" of the second feature can mean the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0029] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the water outlet pipe connector 110 and the drain pipe connection according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, and refer to Figures 2 to 3 This utility model embodiment provides a toilet 10, including a toilet bowl 100, a water outlet connector 110, and a drain pipe. The toilet bowl 100 defines an upward-opening flushing chamber and is made of metal. The water outlet connector 110 defines a water outlet channel and is disposed on the lower outer wall of the toilet bowl 100. The water outlet channel communicates with the flushing chamber. The axis of the water outlet channel is horizontally arranged, and the first plane containing the outlet 111 of the water outlet connector 110 is inclined. The water outlet connector 110 is made of metal, and the toilet bowl 100 and the water outlet connector 110 are integrally die-cast. The drain pipe includes a flow channel pipe 210 and a rib 220. The rib 220 is disposed on the outer wall of the flow channel pipe 210 and extends along the length direction of the flow channel pipe 210. The thickness of the rib 220 is greater than the thickness of the flow channel pipe 210. The outlet 111 end of the water outlet pipe connector 110 is inserted into the inlet of the flow channel pipe 210. The drain pipe is made of metal.

[0031] The first plane where the outlet 111 of the water outlet pipe connector 110 is located is inclined, which facilitates the insertion of the outlet 111 end of the water outlet pipe connector 110 into the inlet of the flow channel pipe 210. Compared with the butt joint in the prior art, this plug-in structure can effectively avoid water leakage between the water outlet pipe connector 110 and the flow channel pipe 210. Furthermore, the stiffening plate 220 is set on the outside of the flow channel pipe 210, and the thickness of the stiffening plate 220 is greater than the thickness of the flow channel pipe 210. This can prevent stress deformation of the flow channel pipe 210 after die casting, which further avoids installation errors after the connection between the water outlet pipe connector 110 and the flow channel pipe 210, and can also effectively prevent water leakage between the water outlet pipe connector 110 and the flow channel pipe 210.

[0032] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 2 As shown, the flow channel 210 and the stiffening plate 220 are integrally die-cast.

[0033] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 2 As shown, the flow channel 210 includes a first straight pipe section 210, the inlet of which is the inlet of the flow channel 210. The second plane containing the outlet 111 of the first straight pipe section 210 is inclined, and the distance between the second plane and the toilet bowl 100 gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0034] In other words, because the second plane where the outlet 111 of the first straight pipe section 210 is located is inclined, the length of the first straight pipe section 210 gradually increases from top to bottom. The upper part of the first straight pipe section 210 is shorter than the lower part, and the installation space at the upper part of the first straight pipe section 210 is smaller than the installation space at the lower part. In order to cooperate with the first straight pipe section 210, the inclined direction of the outlet 111 of the water outlet pipe connector 110 is consistent with the outlet 111 of the first straight pipe section 210. The shorter upper part of the water outlet pipe connector 110 is conducive to cooperating with the installation space at the upper part of the water outlet pipe, saving installation space. The longer lower part of the water outlet pipe connector 110 is conducive to the more stable insertion of the outlet 111 of the water outlet pipe connector 110 into the first straight pipe section 210. Moreover, the inclined setting of the outlet 111 of the water outlet pipe connector 110 is also conducive to core pulling during die casting, reducing the difficulty of die casting, improving the success rate of molding, and saving production costs.

[0035] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 3 As shown, an annular limiting groove 212 is provided on the inlet end face of the first straight pipe section 210. The plane where the bottom wall of the annular limiting groove 212 is located is inclined, and the bottom wall of the annular limiting groove 212 abuts against the outlet 111 end face of the water outlet pipe joint 110.

[0036] The annular limiting groove 212 can limit the distance at which the outlet 111 end face of the water outlet pipe joint 110 is inserted into the inlet of the first straight pipe section 210.

[0037] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the drain pipe also includes a connecting plate 230, which connects to the inlet end face of the first straight pipe section 210. The connecting plate 230 has a connecting hole that communicates with the inlet of the first straight pipe section 210. The connecting plate 230 also has multiple first mounting holes located outside the connecting hole. A connecting flange 120 is fitted onto the outer surface of the drain pipe connector 110. The connecting flange 120 has multiple threaded holes corresponding to the multiple first mounting holes. The drain pipe connector 110, connecting flange 120, and toilet bowl 100 are all made of metal and are integrally die-cast.

[0038] The bolt passes through the first mounting hole on the connecting plate 230 and screws into the threaded hole of the corresponding connecting flange 120, thus mating the connecting plate 230 and the connecting flange 120 together. Simultaneously, as the outlet pipe connector 110 is inserted into the inlet of the flow channel pipe 210, the outlet pipe connector 110 and the flow channel pipe 210 are mated with the connecting flange 120 via the connecting plate 230, thereby further ensuring the connection effect of the outlet pipe connector 110 into the flow channel pipe 210 and further preventing leakage at the connection between the water pipe connector and the flow channel pipe 210.

[0039] In some embodiments of this utility model, the water outlet pipe connector 110, the connecting flange 120, and the toilet bowl 100 are made of metal and are integrally cast.

[0040] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 3 As shown, a limit ring 240 is provided on the circumferential edge of the connecting plate 230. The connecting flange 120 is inserted into the limit ring 240.

[0041] The setting of the limit ring 240 facilitates the quick alignment of the connecting flange 120 and the connecting plate 230, and enables rapid installation, thereby improving installation efficiency.

[0042] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the toilet includes a sealing gasket 300, disposed between the connecting flange 120 and the connecting plate 230. The sealing gasket 300 has multiple second mounting holes, corresponding to the first mounting holes. Bolts pass through the first mounting holes on the connecting plate 230 and the second mounting holes on the sealing gasket 300, and are screwed into the corresponding threaded holes of the connecting flange 120, thus mating the connecting plate 230, the sealing gasket 300, and the connecting flange 120 together.

[0043] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 2 As shown, the projection of the flow channel defined by the first straight pipe section 210 onto the first auxiliary plane includes an interconnected upper arc 211 and a lower arc 219, with the lower arc located below the upper arc. The upper arc is a minor arc, and the lower arc is a major arc; the radius of the upper arc is greater than the radius of the lower arc. The first auxiliary plane is a vertical plane extending laterally. The projection of the outlet flow channel onto the first auxiliary plane is the same as the projection of the flow channel defined by the first straight pipe section 210 onto the first auxiliary plane.

[0044] Compared to circular pipes, pipes with a vertical cross-section where the upper arc is a minor arc and the lower arc is a major arc, and the radius of the upper arc is greater than the radius of the lower arc, can better resist stress deformation of thin-walled parts after die casting, which is beneficial for sealing.

[0045] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the stiffener 220 includes a first stiffener 220 and a second stiffener 250, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the flow channel 210 and are in the same plane. This arrangement is more conducive to enhancing the strength of the flow channel 210.

[0046] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 3 As shown, the flow channel 210 includes a first flow channel section and a second flow channel section connected to each other, and the first and second flow channel sections are symmetrically arranged about a vertical second auxiliary plane extending in the front-rear direction. The first stiffener 220 includes a first left stiffener 221 and a first right stiffener 222, which are symmetrically arranged about the second auxiliary plane. The second stiffener 250 includes a second left stiffener 251 and a second right stiffener 252, which are also symmetrically arranged about the second auxiliary plane. The first left stiffener 221, the first flow channel section, and the second left stiffener 251 are located on one side of the second auxiliary plane, while the first right stiffener 222, the second flow channel section, and the second right stiffener 252 are located on the other side of the second auxiliary plane. The thickness of both the first left stiffener 221 and the second left stiffener 251 is greater than the thickness of the first flow channel section. The thickness of both the first right stiffener 222 and the second right stiffener 252 is greater than the thickness of the second flow channel section.

[0047] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first left stiffening plate 221, the first flow channel section, and the second left stiffening plate 251 are integrally die-cast. The first right stiffening plate 222, the second flow channel section, and the second right stiffening plate 252 are integrally die-cast.

[0048] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 3As shown, the flow channel 210 includes a first straight pipe section 210, a first connecting pipe section 213, a first straight pipe section 214, an arc-shaped pipe section 215, a second connecting pipe section 216, a second straight pipe section 217, and a second straight pipe section 218 connected in sequence. The front end of the first straight pipe section 214 is located below the rear end of the first straight pipe section 214. The arc-shaped pipe section 215 protrudes in a direction away from the toilet bowl 100. The second straight pipe section 217 is located in front of the rear end of the arc-shaped pipe section 215, and the front end of the second straight pipe section 217 is located to the side or directly below the rear end. Preferably, in some embodiments of this utility model, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the arc of the curved pipe segment is a circular arc.

[0049] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 3 As shown, both the first connecting pipe segment 213 and the second connecting pipe segment 216 are arc segments, with the first connecting pipe segment 213 protruding away from the toilet bowl and the second connecting pipe segment 216 protruding towards the toilet bowl. In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 3 As shown, the diameters of the flow channels defined by the first connecting pipe section 213, the first straight pipe section 214, the arc pipe section 215, the second connecting pipe section 216, the second straight pipe section 217, and the second flat straight pipe section 218 are equal.

[0050] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 3 As shown, mounting holes are correspondingly provided on the first left stiffening plate 221 and the first right stiffening plate for bolt installation. Mounting holes are correspondingly provided on the second left stiffening plate and the second right stiffening plate for bolt installation.

[0051] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the toilet also includes a water inlet pipe 400. The inlet of the water inlet pipe 400 is connected to the water tank of the toilet, and the outlet of the water inlet pipe is located on the outer side wall of the lower part of the toilet bowl and is opposite to the inlet of the water outlet pipe connector.

[0052] Therefore, those skilled in the art should recognize that although many exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications conforming to the principles of the present invention can be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be understood and recognized as covering all such other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A toilet, characterized in that, include: A toilet bowl, wherein the toilet bowl defines an upward-opening flushing chamber, and the toilet bowl is made of metal; A water outlet pipe connector defines a water outlet channel and is located on the lower outer wall of the toilet bowl; the water outlet channel communicates with the flushing chamber; the axis of the water outlet channel is horizontally arranged, and the first plane where the outlet of the water outlet connector is located is inclined; the water outlet connector is made of metal, and the toilet bowl and the water outlet connector are integrally die-cast; The drain pipe includes a flow channel pipe and a reinforcing plate. The reinforcing plate is disposed on the outer wall of the flow channel pipe and extends along the length of the flow channel pipe. The thickness of the reinforcing plate is greater than the thickness of the flow channel pipe. The outlet end of the drain pipe connector is inserted into the inlet of the flow channel pipe. The drain pipe is made of metal.

2. The toilet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow channel includes a first straight pipe section, the inlet of which is the inlet of the flow channel; the second plane where the outlet of the first straight pipe section is located is inclined, and the distance between the second plane and the toilet bowl gradually increases from top to bottom; The distance between the first plane and the toilet bowl gradually increases from top to bottom.

3. The toilet according to claim 2, characterized in that, An annular limiting groove is provided on the inlet end face of the first straight pipe section. The plane containing the bottom wall of the annular limiting groove is inclined, and the bottom wall of the annular limiting groove abuts against the outlet end face of the water outlet pipe joint.

4. The toilet according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drain pipe also includes a connecting plate, which is connected to the inlet end face of the first straight pipe section. The connecting plate has a connecting hole that communicates with the inlet of the first straight pipe section. The connecting plate also has a plurality of first mounting holes located outside the connecting hole. The outer surface of the water outlet pipe joint is fitted with a connecting flange; the connecting flange has multiple threaded holes, which correspond to the multiple first mounting holes; the water outlet pipe joint, the connecting flange, and the toilet bowl are made of metal and are integrally die-cast.

5. The toilet according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a sealing gasket, which is disposed between the connecting flange and the connecting plate; the sealing gasket has a plurality of second mounting holes, which correspond to the first mounting holes.

6. The toilet according to claim 2, characterized in that, The projection of the flow channel defined by the first straight pipe section onto the first auxiliary plane includes an upper arc and a lower arc that are connected to each other, with the lower arc located below the upper arc; the upper arc is a minor arc, the lower arc is a major arc, and the radius of the upper arc is greater than the radius of the lower arc; the first auxiliary plane is a vertical plane extending laterally; The projection of the water outlet channel onto the first auxiliary plane is the same as the projection of the channel defined by the first straight pipe section onto the first auxiliary plane.

7. The toilet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stiffener includes a first stiffener and a second stiffener, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the flow channel and are in the same plane.

8. The toilet according to claim 7, characterized in that, The flow channel tube includes a first flow channel tube section and a second flow channel tube section connected to each other. The first flow channel tube section and the second flow channel tube section are symmetrically arranged about a vertical second auxiliary plane extending in the front-back direction. The first stiffener includes a left first stiffener and a right first stiffener, which are symmetrically arranged about the second auxiliary plane. The second stiffener includes a left second stiffener and a right second stiffener, which are symmetrically arranged about the second auxiliary plane. The left first stiffener, the first flow channel tube section, and the left second stiffener are located on one side of the second auxiliary plane, and the right first stiffener, the second flow channel tube section, and the right second stiffener are located on the other side of the second auxiliary plane. The thickness of the left first stiffener and the left second stiffener is greater than the thickness of the first flow channel tube section. The thickness of the right first stiffener and the right second stiffener is greater than the thickness of the second flow channel tube section.

9. The toilet according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flow channel includes a first straight pipe section, a first connecting pipe section, a first straight pipe section, an arc pipe section, a second connecting pipe section, a second straight pipe section, and a second straight pipe section connected in sequence; the front end of the first straight pipe section is located below the rear end of the first straight pipe section, the arc pipe section protrudes in a direction away from the toilet bowl, the second straight pipe section is located in front of the rear end of the arc pipe section, and the front end of the second straight pipe section is located to the side or directly below the rear end.

10. The toilet according to claim 9, characterized in that, The diameters of the flow channels defined by the first connecting pipe section, the first straight pipe section, the arc pipe section, the second connecting pipe section, the second straight pipe section, and the second flat pipe section are equal.

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