A plug-in component dismounting jig

Abstract

This utility model discloses a component disassembly fixture, relating to the field of electronic component disassembly and assembly technology, aiming to solve the problems of cumbersome operation, easy damage to PCBA, and environmental unfriendliness of existing disassembly methods. The fixture includes a base, a PCBA support mechanism for supporting the PCBA, and a disassembly mechanism; the disassembly mechanism includes an elastic reset component and a clamping component for holding the component to be disassembled. The core of this component disassembly fixture lies in the fact that when the clamping component holds the component to be disassembled, the elastic reset component applies a continuous pulling force to the component. Before the solder pads melt, this pulling force is used to press the PCBA back against the support mechanism for stable fixation; after the solder pads melt, it is used to automatically pull the component out. This utility model achieves two functions in one, with an ingenious structure, not only simplifying operation and improving disassembly efficiency and quality, but also possessing the advantages of energy saving and environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic component disassembly and assembly technology, and more specifically, to a fixture for removing plug-in components from a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA). Background Technology

[0002] In the production, repair, or R&D of electronic products, it is often necessary to remove or replace specific plug-in electronic components from PCBAs. Currently, there are two main methods of component removal in the industry: manual soldering and hot-melt soldering. Both methods have inherent drawbacks. When removing components by manual soldering, the operator usually needs to hold the PCBA steady with one hand, operate the soldering iron to heat it with the other, and at the same time prepare to use tweezers or other tools to pull out the component the moment the solder melts. This process not only requires high skill and experience from the operator and is inefficient, but more importantly, fixing the PCBA and removing the component are two separate and difficult-to-coordinate actions. It is very easy to damage the pads and surrounding components due to PCBA shaking or improper timing or force during removal. On the other hand, hot-melt soldering has problems such as huge energy consumption, long preheating time, and the generation of a large amount of harmful gases that pollute the environment, which runs counter to the modern green and efficient production concept.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solution for removing plug-in components that can cleverly combine the stable fixing of PCBA with the automatic removal of components, thereby simplifying operation, improving efficiency and quality, and being energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention provides a jig for disassembling plug-in components, which can solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A jig for disassembling plug-in components, comprising:

[0007] Base;

[0008] A PCBA support mechanism is provided on the base to support the PCBA to be disassembled;

[0009] The disassembly mechanism includes an elastic reset member and a clamping member that is linked to the elastic reset member and used to clamp the plug-in component to be disassembled;

[0010] When the clamping member holds the component to be removed, the elastic reset member applies a continuous pulling force to the component to be removed. Before the pin pads of the component to be removed melt, the pulling force is used to press the PCBA against the PCBA support mechanism to achieve stable fixation, and after the pin pads melt, it is used to pull the component to be removed off the PCBA.

[0011] Furthermore, the disassembly mechanism also includes:

[0012] A rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the base;

[0013] A traction line is connected at one end to the rotating shaft and at the other end to the clamping member;

[0014] The resilient reset element is connected to the rotating shaft to store energy when the traction line is pulled out and to drive the rotating shaft to rotate and retract the traction line when released.

[0015] Furthermore, the PCBA support mechanism includes a plurality of support rods that can slide on the base to adjust their relative spacing.

[0016] Furthermore, the top of the support rod is provided with a silicone anti-slip cap.

[0017] Preferably, the elastic reset element is a spring.

[0018] Furthermore, the component removal fixture also includes a surrounding plate disposed around the base to prevent removed components or solder from splashing.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] (1) A preset, continuous pulling force can be applied to the plug-in component through the component removal mechanism. Before the pad melts, this pulling force is cleverly converted into a reverse pressure on the PCBA, so that it is firmly pressed against the support mechanism and can be firmly fixed without additional clamps. At the moment the pad melts, the same force can immediately and automatically pull the component off, realizing the unity of the two major functions of "stable fixation" and "automatic component removal". The design concept is very ingenious.

[0021] (2) Since the fixture automatically completes the two most critical steps of fixing the PCBA and removing the components, the operator is freed up to focus on the single action of heating the solder pads with the soldering iron. This greatly reduces the difficulty of operation and the reliance on personal experience, and significantly improves the efficiency and success rate of disassembly.

[0022] (3) The force of automatic pull-out is provided by the elastic reset component. Its magnitude is constant and its action is timely, avoiding the pulling damage to the pads caused by uneven force or delayed timing during manual operation. At the same time, the stable fixation also prevents accidental physical damage to the PCBA during operation, thereby maximizing the protection of the integrity of the circuit board.

[0023] (4) It eliminates the need for high-energy-consuming and high-polluting solder pots, and can operate with just a regular soldering iron, meeting the requirements of green manufacturing. At the same time, the adjustable PCBA support mechanism allows it to flexibly adapt to circuit boards of different sizes, giving it good versatility.

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, embodiments of this utility model are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall exploded structure of the component disassembly fixture in the embodiment, which indicates the assembly path of each component;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a first cross-sectional view of the structure after the plug-in component disassembly fixture is assembled in the embodiment. The double arrows in the diagram indicate the sliding trajectory of the support screw, that is, sliding along the support rod groove.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a second cross-sectional view of the structure after the plug-in component disassembly fixture is assembled in the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the application of the component disassembly fixture in the embodiment;

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Base; 1.1. Main positioning groove; 1.2. U-shaped spring positioning groove; 1.3. Lower rotating shaft positioning hole; 1.4. Support rod slide groove; 2. Pressure plate; 2.1. Upper rotating shaft positioning hole; 2.2. Wire hole; 2.3. Support rod slot; 2.4. Screw through hole; 3. Rotating shaft; 3.1. Isolation plate; 3.2. Upper clamp; 3.3. Wire clamping groove; 3.4. Spring positioning groove; 3.5. Lower clamp; 4. Elastic reset component; 4.1. U-shaped clamp; 4.2. Straight edge clamp; 5. Traction clamping assembly; 5.1. Traction line; 5.2. Clamping component; 6. Support rod; 7. Silicone anti-slip cap; 8. Nut; 9. Fastening screw; 10. Enclosure; 10.1. Threaded hole. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this utility model, but not all embodiments.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 This utility model provides a component disassembly fixture, which mainly includes a base 1, a pressure plate 2, a disassembly mechanism, and a PCBA support mechanism.

[0033] In this embodiment, the overall frame of the fixture consists of a base 1, a pressure plate 2, and surrounding panels 10. The pressure plate 2 is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the base 1, and multiple fastening screws 9 pass through the screw holes 2.4 on the base 1 and the pressure plate 2, and are finally screwed into the threaded holes 10.1 on the side wall of the surrounding panels 10, thereby firmly assembling the three components into a stable frame structure. The function of the surrounding panels 10 is to effectively block the high-temperature components or splashing solder during the disassembly process, protecting the safety of the operators.

[0034] In this embodiment, the disassembly mechanism is the core of realizing automatic component disassembly. It mainly consists of a rotating shaft 3, an elastic reset component 4, and a traction clamping assembly 5.

[0035] The rotating shaft 3 is vertically installed between the base 1 and the pressure plate 2. Specifically, its lower end engages with the lower rotating shaft positioning hole 1.3 on the base 1 via a lower clamp 3.5, and its upper end engages with the upper rotating shaft positioning hole 2.1 on the pressure plate 2 via an upper clamp 3.2, thereby enabling free rotation around its own central axis. The rotating shaft 3 is also provided with an integrally formed partition plate 3.1, which is used to separate the upper and lower functional areas of the rotating shaft 3.

[0036] In this embodiment, the elastic reset element 4 is specifically a spiral spring, installed in the main positioning groove 1.1 at the center of the base 1, and serves as the power source for providing the reset pulling force. Its U-shaped locking head 4.1 hooks into the U-shaped spring positioning groove 1.2 on the base 1 for fixation, while its other end, the straight-edge locking head 4.2, engages in the spring positioning groove 3.4 on the rotating shaft 3, located below the isolation plate 3.1. Through this connection method, when the rotating shaft 3 rotates in one direction, the elastic reset element 4 is wound up and stores elastic energy.

[0037] The traction clamping assembly 5 consists of a traction wire 5.1 and a clamping member 5.2. One end of the traction wire 5.1 is fixed to the rotating shaft 3 and located in the wire slot 3.3 above the isolation plate 3.1, and is wound around the portion of the rotating shaft 3 above the isolation plate 3.1; the other end of the traction wire 5.1 passes through the wire hole 2.2 on the pressure plate 2 and is connected to the clamping member 5.2. In this embodiment, the clamping member 5.2 is a metal clip used to clamp the component to be disassembled.

[0038] In this embodiment, the PCBA support mechanism is used to stably support the PCBA to be disassembled, and it mainly consists of multiple adjustable support rods 6.

[0039] The support rod 6 vertically penetrates the support rod slot 2.3 of the pressure plate 2, and its lower end is threadedly connected to a nut 8. The nut 8 is located within the support rod sliding groove 1.4 opened on the base 1. By loosening the nut 8, the friction lock between the nut 8 and the lower surface of the pressure plate 2 is released, and the support rod 6, along with the nut 8, can slide along the trajectory of the support rod sliding groove 1.4. This allows for easy adjustment of the relative positions of the support rods 6 to accommodate PCBAs of different sizes and shapes. After adjustment, tightening the nut 8 locks the position.

[0040] To better protect the PCBA and increase friction, each support rod 6 is fitted with a silicone anti-slip cap 7 at its top.

[0041] The working principle of the component disassembly fixture described in this embodiment is as follows:

[0042] Preparation stage: According to the size of the PCBA to be operated, slide and fix each support rod 6 to the appropriate position.

[0043] Setting and pre-tightening: Invert the PCBA so that the side containing the components to be removed is facing down, and place it stably on the silicone anti-slip caps 7 of each support rod 6. The operator pulls out the traction clamp assembly 5 by hand. At this time, the traction line 5.1 will drive the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, thereby winding the elastic reset element 4 (spring) tightly and storing the elastic energy required for reset.

[0044] Fixing and De-installing (dual-purpose force): The clamping member 5.2 clamps the component to be removed located below the PCBA. At this time, the pre-energized elastic reset member 4 applies a continuous downward pulling force F (such as...) to the clamping member 5.2 and the clamped component through the rotating shaft 3 and the traction line 5.1. Figure 4 (As shown).

[0045] Before the solder pads melt: Since the pins of the through-hole components are still firmly fixed to the PCBA by solid solder, the aforementioned pulling force F cannot pull the components off. This force is converted into a downward pressure through the components and the PCBA board, firmly and evenly pressing the entire PCBA against the PCBA support mechanism below, thus achieving stable fixation of the PCBA, eliminating the need for operators to support it by hand.

[0046] After the solder pads melt: The operator uses a soldering iron to heat the pin pads of the component from above the PCBA. The moment the solder completely melts, the pin holding force disappears, and the previously existing pull force F immediately takes effect, automatically and quickly pulling the component down from the PCBA without any additional operation, completing the disassembly.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A jig for disassembling plug-in components, characterized in that, include: Base (1); PCBA support mechanism, disposed on the base (1), is used to support the PCBA to be disassembled; The disassembly mechanism includes an elastic reset member (4) and a clamping member (5.2) that is linked to the elastic reset member (4) and used to clamp the plug-in component to be disassembled; When the clamping member (5.2) clamps the component to be removed, the elastic reset member (4) applies a continuous pulling force to the component to be removed. Before the pin pads of the component to be removed melt, the pulling force is used to press the PCBA against the PCBA support mechanism to achieve stable fixation, and after the pin pads melt, it is used to pull the component to be removed off the PCBA.

2. The component disassembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disassembly mechanism also includes: A rotating shaft (3) is rotatably mounted on the base (1); A traction line (5.1) is connected at one end to the rotating shaft (3) and at the other end to the clamping member (5.2); The elastic reset member (4) is connected to the rotating shaft (3) to store energy when the traction line (5.1) is pulled out, and to drive the rotating shaft (3) to rotate to retrieve the traction line (5.1) when released.

3. The component disassembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PCBA support mechanism includes multiple support rods (6) that can slide on the base (1) to adjust their spacing.

4. The component disassembly fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the support rod (6) is provided with a silicone anti-slip cap (7).

5. The component disassembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic reset element (4) is a spring.

6. The component disassembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a perimeter plate (10) disposed around the base (1) to prevent disassembled components or solder from splashing.

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