A control system for a loader boom and a loader

Abstract

The utility model discloses hydraulic system technical field discloses a control system and loader for loader boom. A control system for loader boom, including distribution valve and hydraulic cylinder. Distribution valve includes second control valve and first control valve, and second control valve is communicated with first control valve, and second control valve is equipped with at least drop position, floating position. Hydraulic cylinder is communicated with second control valve, first control valve through pipeline respectively. Through second control valve, the regenerative capacity of hydraulic system is promoted, and makes the loader equipped with the control system for loader boom of this application can control the pressure and speed of boom drop flexibly, reduces the component suction, or the phenomenon of boom step in the boom operation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of loading boom and control technology, specifically relating to a control system for a loading boom and a loader. Background Technology

[0002] Loaders typically use a hydraulic system to control the raising and lowering of their boom. This system generally includes a hydraulic pump, a distribution valve, and hydraulic cylinders. The distribution valve controls the flow direction and volume of hydraulic oil in the pipeline to control the direction and speed of boom raising and lowering.

[0003] In a conventional loader, the hydraulic system used to control the boom's lifting and lowering uses a distribution valve with a valve core. This valve core typically has four functional positions (i.e., four working positions), corresponding to the boom's rising, floating, neutral, and lowering motion states. The hydraulic cylinder generally consists of a large chamber (without a piston rod) and a small chamber (with a piston rod). The process of hydraulic oil flowing from the large chamber to the small chamber through pipelines is called regeneration.

[0004] During descent, the oil pump injects oil into the small chamber, creating a pressure difference between the large and small chambers. When the boom is floating, both the large and small chambers are connected to the oil tank, and their internal pressures tend to be equal. Because the same valve core controls four different functional positions, the oil passage area used for valve core regeneration is relatively small, resulting in a weak regeneration capacity of the hydraulic system. If the regeneration capacity is insufficient, when the boom is in the descent state, the pump flow and regeneration flow cannot meet the flow requirements of the small chamber in a short time, causing cavitation in the small chamber, damaging the hydraulic cylinder, and creating a step-like sensation when the boom switches from the descent to the floating state. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to disclose a control system and loader for a loading boom, which can improve the regenerative capability of the control system and enhance the sensitivity of the loader in controlling the boom.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model discloses a control system for loading a mobile boom, comprising:

[0007] The distribution valve includes a first control valve and a second control valve. The first control valve has at least one of a neutral position, a lifting position, and a floating position. The second control valve has at least one of a lowering position and is connected to the first control valve.

[0008] The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first control valve and the second control valve via pipelines.

[0009] As an optional implementation, the hydraulic cylinder includes a small cavity and a large cavity; the large cavity is provided with a first oil pipe communicating with the first control valve, the small cavity is provided with a second oil pipe communicating with the first control valve, and the first oil pipe is provided with a third oil pipe communicating with the second control valve.

[0010] As an optional implementation, the third oil pipe is provided with a one-way pipe and a two-way pipe connected to the second control valve, and the one-way pipe is provided with a first one-way valve.

[0011] As an optional implementation, the distribution valve is provided with a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe at the position corresponding to the first control valve; one end of the first branch pipe is connected to the first control valve and the other end is connected to the second control valve; one end of the second branch pipe is connected to the first control valve, and the other end is connected to the oil tank and the second control valve respectively through branched pipes.

[0012] As an optional implementation, the large cavity is equipped with a pressure sensor.

[0013] As an optional implementation, the first control valve is provided with a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve at both ends to drive the first control valve to move between a descending position and a floating position; the second control valve is provided with a third solenoid valve and a fourth solenoid valve at both ends to drive the second control valve to move.

[0014] As an optional implementation, it also includes an oil tank, which is equipped with an oil suction pipe and an oil return pipe; the two ends of the oil suction pipe are respectively connected to the oil tank and the first control valve, one end of the oil return pipe is connected to the oil tank, and the other end is connected to both the first control valve and the second control valve, and a filter is provided on the oil return pipe.

[0015] As an optional implementation, the oil tank is provided with multiple oil suction pipes, and each of the multiple oil suction pipes is equipped with an oil pump, and / or each of the multiple oil suction pipes is equipped with a second check valve.

[0016] As an optional implementation, the distribution valve is provided with a main oil suction pipe at the position corresponding to the first control valve, one end of the main oil suction pipe is connected to the first control valve, and the other end is connected to the oil suction pipe.

[0017] Another aspect of this utility model discloses a loader, including a body and a boom. The body is provided with a control system for loading the boom, and the body controls the lowering process of the boom through the control system for loading the boom.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0019] (1) By adding a second control valve to reduce the functional position of the first control valve, the oil passage area for hydraulic system regeneration is increased, thereby improving the regeneration performance of the hydraulic system. This reduces the hydraulic cylinder sucking air and the step phenomenon when switching from descent mode to floating mode.

[0020] (2) By adjusting the second control valve, the boom descent speed and the large chamber oil pressure can be controlled, avoiding the oil pressure loss caused by controlling the first control valve, thereby reducing the problem of smooth operation caused by large pressure difference. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a hydraulic schematic diagram of the existing technology for controlling the loading boom;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a hydraulic schematic diagram of the existing technology for controlling the lowering mode of the loading boom;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a hydraulic schematic diagram of the existing technology for controlling the floating mode of the loader boom.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a hydraulic schematic diagram of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second control valve of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a hydraulic schematic diagram of the descent mode of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a hydraulic schematic diagram of the floating mode of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 9 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0031] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0032] 1. Hydraulic cylinder; 11. Small chamber; 111. First oil pipe; 12. Large chamber; 121. Second oil pipe; 1211. First branch pipe; 1212. Second branch pipe; 122. Pressure sensor; 123. Third oil pipe; 1231. One-way pipe; 1232. Two-way pipe; 1233. First one-way valve; 13. Piston rod;

[0033] 2. Distribution valve; 21. First control valve; 21a. Main control valve; 211. First solenoid valve; 212. Second solenoid valve; 22. Second control valve; 221. Third solenoid valve; 222. Fourth solenoid valve; 223. Floating position; 224. Lowered position;

[0034] 3. Oil tank; 31. Oil pump; 311. Oil suction pipe; 312. Second check valve; 313. Main oil suction pipe; 32. Filter; 321. Return oil pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0036] In this invention, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this invention and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to include a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0037] Furthermore, in addition to indicating direction or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, components, or parts (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, components, or parts. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0040] Please see Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the prior art, the hydraulic cylinder 1 generally includes an oil chamber and a piston rod 13. The oil chamber includes a large chamber 12 and a small chamber 11. The position of the piston rod 13 belongs to the small chamber 11, while the large chamber 12 does not have a piston rod 13. The distribution valve 2 generally controls the flow direction of hydraulic oil through four functional positions of a single main control valve 21a, thereby changing the amount of hydraulic oil stored in the large chamber 12 and the small chamber 11. The four functional positions correspond to four different motion states: boom lowering mode, floating mode, lifting mode, and neutral position mode. In the lowering mode, the oil pump 31 pumps hydraulic oil into the oil circuit, and the hydraulic oil enters the small chamber 11 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 along the first oil pipe 111. The hydraulic oil in the large chamber 12 flows out along the second oil pipe 121, then needs to flow through the main control valve 21a, and then flow into the small chamber 11 along the first oil pipe 111. Since the single main control valve 21a has four functional positions, the oil passage area used for hydraulic oil regeneration is relatively small. In descent mode, if the hydraulic oil in the large chamber 12 cannot be regenerated and flowed back into the small chamber 11 in time, it is easy for the hydraulic cylinder 1 to generate a suction phenomenon, which will damage the hydraulic cylinder 1.

[0041] In floating mode, the main control valve 21a switches to the floating position, connecting the oil circuits of the large chamber 12 and the small chamber 11. At this time, when the oil pump 31 injects hydraulic oil into the hydraulic system, the hydraulic oil enters both the large chamber 12 and the small chamber 11 through the first oil pipe 111 and the second oil pipe 121, making the pressure of the large chamber 12 and the small chamber 11 tend to be the same. During the period when the boom switches from the lowering mode to the floating mode, if the hydraulic oil regeneration performance controlled by the main control valve 21a is insufficient, the amount of hydraulic oil entering the large chamber 12 is still less than the amount entering the small chamber 11. Therefore, even if the main control valve 21a has switched from the lowering mode to the floating mode, the boom will still accelerate and descend a certain distance first. Only after the pressure in the large chamber 12 and the small chamber 11 is balanced will the boom enter the floating mode, which is manifested as the step feeling when the boom switches from the normal lowering mode to the floating mode.

[0042] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, the technical solution of this utility model will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0043] Please see Figure 4 As shown, this application embodiment provides a control system for loading a boom, including a distribution valve 2 and a hydraulic cylinder 1. The distribution valve 2, as the core of this hydraulic system, primarily functions to regulate the flow of hydraulic oil entering the system, changing the direction of the hydraulic oil flow according to different operating modes of the boom.

[0044] The distribution valve 2 includes a second control valve 22 and a first control valve 21, with the second control valve 22 connected to the first control valve 21. Both the large chamber 12 and the small chamber 11 are connected to the second control valve 22 and the first control valve 21 via pipelines. By adding the second control valve 22 to independently control the regeneration performance of the distribution valve 2, the functional positions of the first control valve 21 are reduced, and the oil flow area for hydraulic system regeneration is increased, thereby improving the regeneration performance of the hydraulic system. This reduces the phenomenon of cavitation in the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the step transition when the boom changes from the lowering mode to the floating lowering mode. The second control valve 22 has a floating position 223 and a lowering position 224 corresponding to the floating mode and the lowering mode, respectively. By setting the floating position 223 and the lowering position 224 of the second control valve 22, the regeneration capacity of the hydraulic system can be adjusted, and the flow direction of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder can be quickly adjusted in the lowering mode and the floating mode, facilitating a smoother response of the hydraulic system to operating commands.

[0045] In descent mode, to save energy, the oil pump 31 operates at its minimum displacement, injecting hydraulic oil into the small chamber 11. Part of the hydraulic oil in the large chamber 12 returns to the oil tank 3, while the remaining part flows back to the small chamber 11 through a regeneration process. This replenishes the hydraulic oil demand in the small chamber 11 during boom descent, reducing energy consumption. In floating mode, the large chamber 12 and small chamber 11 are connected, and the oil pump 31 operates at its minimum displacement to further reduce energy consumption. The oil outlet of the oil pump 31 is connected to both the large chamber 12 and the small chamber 11 via an oil pipe. At this time, the pressure in the large chamber 12 and small chamber 11 tends to be equal, allowing the boom to descend freely under its own weight.

[0046] In this embodiment, the distribution valve 2 is equipped with a first solenoid valve 211 and a second solenoid valve 212 at its two ends corresponding to the first control valve 21, respectively, to drive the first control valve 21 to move. The distribution valve 2 is also equipped with a third solenoid valve 221 and a fourth solenoid valve 222 at its two ends corresponding to the second control valve 22, respectively, to drive the second control valve 22 to move. The third solenoid valve 221 and the fourth solenoid valve 222 drive the second control valve 22 to shift between a floating position 223 and a descending position 224. When the positions of the first control valve 21 and the second control valve 22 change under the drive of the respective solenoid valves, the different functional positions of the first control valve 21 and the second control valve 22 are connected to the hydraulic system pipeline, thereby achieving the purpose of regulating the flow direction of the hydraulic oil, and thus changing the motion state of the boom.

[0047] Please see Figure 5 As shown, the second control valve 22 includes a floating position 223 and a descending position 224. Arrow marks indicate the connecting interface of the second control valve 22, and "T" marks indicate the closed interface. When the hydraulic system pipeline is connected to the connecting interface, it indicates that the pipelines on both sides of the second control valve 22 are connected; when the hydraulic system pipeline is connected to the closed interface, it indicates that the second control valve 22 is not connected to the hydraulic system pipeline.

[0048] Please see Figures 6 to 9 As shown, in the boom lowering mode, the first control valve 21 at its operating position and the second control valve 22 at its lowering position 224 are connected to the hydraulic system. The large chamber 12 is equipped with a first oil pipe 111 connected to the first control valve 21, and the small chamber 11 is equipped with a second oil pipe 121 connected to the first control valve 21. A third oil pipe 123 connected to the second control valve 22 is installed on the first oil pipe 111. Hydraulic oil pumped into the hydraulic system by the oil pump 31 passes through the first control valve 21 and enters the small chamber 11. Part of the hydraulic oil in the large chamber 12 flows back to the oil tank 3, and the other part enters the small chamber 11 through the third oil pipe 123.

[0049] In some embodiments, the large cavity 12 is equipped with a pressure sensor 122, which provides real-time feedback on pressure changes in the large cavity 12, thereby accurately inferring changes in the load on the boom. The pressure sensor 122 converts the hydraulic pressure in the large cavity 12 into a measurable electrical signal through a sensitive element. This measurable electrical signal provides data support for regulating the displacement of the second control valve core, ensuring the boom descent speed while avoiding problems such as excessive pressure in the large cavity or cavitation.

[0050] In boom floating mode, the first control valve 21 is connected to the hydraulic system at its operating position, and the second control valve 22 is connected to the hydraulic system at its floating position 223. The small chamber 11 and the large chamber 12 are in communication. When the oil pump 31 injects hydraulic oil into the hydraulic system, the hydraulic oil flows into the hydraulic system along the suction pipe 311, gathers at the main suction pipe 313, and passes through the first control valve 21. A portion of the hydraulic oil enters the small chamber 11 along the first oil pipe 111, and the other portion flows sequentially through the third oil pipe 123 and the second oil pipe 121, finally flowing into the large chamber 12. In boom floating mode, hydraulic oil enters both the large chamber 12 and the small chamber 11 simultaneously. At this time, the oil pressure at the oil pump 31 outlet, the large chamber 12, and the small chamber 11 tends to be consistent. The pressure difference on both sides of the piston rod 13 tends to be zero, and the boom can naturally descend under its own weight.

[0051] Please see Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the third oil pipe 123 is provided with a one-way pipe 1231 and a two-way pipe 1232 connected to the second control valve 22, and a first one-way valve 1233 is provided on the one-way pipe 1231.

[0052] In descent mode, the descent position 224 of the second control valve 22 is connected to the hydraulic system. At this time, the one-way pipe 1231, which is equipped with the first one-way valve 1233, is connected to the hydraulic system pipeline. The hydraulic oil flowing back from the large chamber 12 passes through the second control valve 22 and enters the small chamber 11 one-way through the third oil pipe 123. Replenishing the hydraulic oil in the large chamber 12 to the small chamber 11 can reduce the energy consumption of the oil pump 31.

[0053] In floating mode, the floating position 223 of the second control valve 22 is connected to the hydraulic system. Both the one-way pipe 1231 and the two-way pipe 1232 are connected to the hydraulic system's piping. The two-way pipe 1232 ensures bidirectional communication between the large chamber 12 and the small chamber 11. When the oil pump 31 injects hydraulic oil into the hydraulic system, part of the hydraulic oil directly enters the small chamber 11, while the other part passes through the two-way pipe 1232 of the third oil pipe 123, through the second control valve 22, and then through the first control valve 21 into the large chamber 12. By connecting the large chamber 12, the small chamber 11, the oil pump 31, and the oil tank 3 using the second control valve 22, the boom descends by its own weight in floating mode.

[0054] In some embodiments, the distribution valve 2 is provided with a first branch pipe 1211 and a second branch pipe 1212 at the position corresponding to the first control valve 21. One end of the first branch pipe 1211 is connected to the first control valve 21 and the other end is connected to the second control valve 22; one end of the second branch pipe 1212 is connected to the first control valve 21 and the other end is connected to the oil tank 3.

[0055] In boom lowering mode, the lowering position 224 of the second control valve 22 is connected to the hydraulic system. At this time, the first branch pipe 1211 is connected to the one-way pipe 1231, and the second branch pipe 1212 is connected to the closed interface of the second control valve 22. The hydraulic oil in the large chamber 12 enters the small chamber 11 through the second control valve 22 along the third oil pipe 123.

[0056] In the boom floating mode, the floating position 223 of the second control valve 22 is connected to the hydraulic system. At this time, the first branch pipe 1211 is connected to the one-way pipe 1231, and the second branch pipe 1212 is connected to the two-way pipe 1232. When the oil pump 31 injects hydraulic oil into the small chamber 11, a portion of the hydraulic oil passes through the second control valve 22 along the two-way pipe 1232 of the third oil pipe 123, then passes through the first control valve 21 along the second branch pipe 1212 to the second oil pipe 121, and finally flows into the large chamber 12 along the second oil pipe 121. This achieves the simultaneous injection of hydraulic oil into the large chamber 12 and the small chamber 11, making the pressure difference between the large chamber 12 and the small chamber 11 approach zero, so that the boom is in a state of automatic floating descent without power.

[0057] In some embodiments, the loading boom lowering control system further includes an oil tank 3, which is equipped with an oil suction pipe 311 and an oil return pipe. The two ends of the oil suction pipe 311 are connected to the oil tank 3 and a first control valve 21, respectively. One end of the oil return pipe is connected to the oil tank 3, and the other end is connected to both the first control valve 21 and a second control valve 22. A filter 32 is installed on the oil return pipe. The oil pump 31 injects hydraulic oil into the hydraulic system through the oil suction pipe 311. The hydraulic oil flowing back from the hydraulic system returns to the oil tank 3, and the filter 32 improves the purity of the returning hydraulic oil.

[0058] In some embodiments, the oil tank 3 is provided with multiple oil suction pipes 311, each equipped with an oil pump 31, and / or each equipped with a second check valve 312. The multiple oil pumps 31 can increase the flow rate of hydraulic oil circulating within the hydraulic system, which is beneficial for improving the regenerative performance of the hydraulic system. The second check valve 312 can prevent impurities carried by the returning hydraulic oil from contacting the oil pumps 31, ensuring the normal service life of the oil pumps 31.

[0059] In some embodiments, the distribution valve 2 is provided with a main suction pipe 313 at the position corresponding to the first control valve 21. One end of the main suction pipe 313 is connected to the first control valve 21, and the other end is connected to the suction pipe 311. Multiple suction pipes 311 are connected to the first control valve 21 through a separate main suction pipe 313, which facilitates the control of the oil flow direction of the entire hydraulic system and simplifies the structure of the hydraulic system.

[0060] The technical means disclosed in this utility model are not limited to those disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications are also considered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A control system for a loading boom, characterized in that, include: A distribution valve, comprising a first control valve and a second control valve, wherein the first control valve is provided with at least one of a neutral position, a lifting position, and a lowering position; and the second control valve is provided with at least a lowering position and a floating position, and the second control valve is connected to the first control valve. A hydraulic cylinder, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first control valve and the second control valve respectively via pipelines; It also includes the fuel tank.

2. The control system for a loading boom according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic cylinder includes a small cavity and a large cavity; the large cavity is provided with a first oil pipe connected to the first control valve, the small cavity is provided with a second oil pipe connected to the first control valve, and the first oil pipe is provided with a third oil pipe connected to the second control valve.

3. The control system for a loading boom according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third oil pipe is provided with a one-way pipe and a two-way pipe connected to the second control valve, and the one-way pipe is provided with a first one-way valve.

4. The control system for loading a robotic boom according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distribution valve is provided with a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe at the position corresponding to the first control valve; one end of the first branch pipe is connected to the first control valve and the other end is connected to the second control valve; one end of the second branch pipe is connected to the first control valve and the other end is connected to the oil tank and the second control valve respectively through branched pipes.

5. The control system for loading a mobile boom according to claim 2, characterized in that, The large cavity is equipped with a pressure sensor.

6. The control system for loading a robotic boom according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first control valve is provided with a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve at its two ends, which drive the first control valve to move between the descending position and the floating position; the second control valve is provided with a third solenoid valve and a fourth solenoid valve at its two ends, which drive the second control valve to move.

7. The control system for loading a mobile boom according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The oil tank is equipped with an oil suction pipe and an oil return pipe; the two ends of the oil suction pipe are respectively connected to the oil tank and the first control valve, one end of the oil return pipe is connected to the oil tank, and the other end is connected to both the first control valve and the second control valve, and a filter is provided on the oil return pipe.

8. The control system for loading a robotic boom according to claim 7, characterized in that, The oil tank is equipped with multiple oil suction pipes, each of which is equipped with an oil pump, and / or each of which is equipped with a second check valve.

9. The control system for loading a robotic boom according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first control valve is equipped with a main oil suction pipe, one end of which is connected to the first control valve and the other end is connected to the oil suction pipe.

10. A loader, characterized in that, The device includes a fuselage and a boom, wherein the fuselage is equipped with a control system for loading the boom as described in any one of claims 1-9, and the fuselage controls the lowering process of the boom through the control system for loading the boom.

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