Coal pile anti-ignition ventilation structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to a coal heap anti -spontaneous combustion ventilation structure, including coal heap main part, ventilation pipe, liquid pipe and double cooling mechanism, start fan ware and inhale outside air into upper box, air enters upper box, start upper refrigerating sheet and cool down in upper box, multiple baffle make air circulation path be snakelike, make cold air cooling more fully, cold air passes through main air pipe and enters multiple branch air pipe, and the bottom of branch air pipe is equipped with air outlet, and cold air is sent into the inside of coal heap main part, and air convection cooling is carried out to coal heap, and start lower refrigerating sheet and cool down in lower box, make liquid cooling, through starting water pump can input liquid in lower box into main liquid pipe, and cold liquid is passed into main liquid pipe, enters multiple branch liquid pipe, and the bottom of branch liquid pipe is equipped with liquid outlet, realizes contact type heat conduction cooling, and the upper and lower layer arrangement of ventilation pipe and liquid pipe, the design of branch air pipe downward exhaust, branch liquid pipe downward liquid discharge makes cold air cold liquid can evenly penetrate to the inside of coal heap, avoids local high temperature accumulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of coal storage equipment, specifically to a ventilation structure for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal piles. Background Technology

[0002] Small coal piles are typically stored in the open air and are significantly affected by ambient temperature. Traditional coal pile ventilation systems rely on natural convection or forced air pressure to remove heat from the coal pile surface through airflow. However, in areas with high summer temperatures or small diurnal temperature variations, the ambient air temperature is close to the coal pile temperature, significantly reducing the cooling effect of airflow. For example, when the ambient temperature exceeds 35°C, the ventilated air cannot effectively absorb heat from the inside of the coal pile. Instead, the increased humidity may cause the coal pile surface to absorb moisture, accelerating the oxidation reaction. Ventilation cannot effectively reduce the internal temperature of the coal pile. Especially in areas with small diurnal temperature variations, heat cannot be dissipated through natural convection, further increasing the risk of spontaneous combustion. Single ventilation is insufficient to cope with the risk of spontaneous combustion under complex environmental conditions, resulting in poor cooling of the coal pile and a lack of dual cooling with both cold air and coolant. Therefore, we need to provide a coal pile spontaneous combustion prevention ventilation structure. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a ventilation structure for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal piles. Through a dual cooling mechanism, a combined cooling mode of air cooling and liquid cooling is adopted. Cold air is circulated through ventilation pipes to cool the coal pile, while cold liquid is circulated through liquid pipes to achieve contact heat conduction cooling. The dual mechanism can cover different areas of the coal pile, significantly improving efficiency compared to a single cooling method. It can quickly suppress the exothermic oxidation reaction inside the coal pile. The upper and lower layered layout of the ventilation pipes and liquid pipes, with the air distribution pipes venting downwards and the liquid distribution pipes draining downwards, allows the cold air and cold liquid to penetrate evenly into the interior of the coal pile, avoiding local high temperature accumulation. The cooling effect is particularly prominent for deep coal piles, solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a coal pile anti-spontaneous combustion ventilation structure, comprising:

[0005] The coal pile consists of a main body, ventilation pipes, liquid pipes, and a dual cooling mechanism. Both the ventilation pipes and liquid pipes are located inside the main body of the coal pile, with the liquid pipes laid parallel to the ventilation pipes directly above them. A dual cooling mechanism is provided on one side of the main body of the coal pile to achieve air cooling of the main body of the coal pile through the cold air output from the upper chamber, and contact cooling of the main body of the coal pile through the liquid pipes output from the lower chamber, thereby suppressing the risk of spontaneous combustion.

[0006] The dual cooling mechanism includes an upper housing, a lower housing, an upper cooling component, and a lower cooling component. The upper cooling component is installed on the top of the upper housing, and the air outlet of the upper housing is connected to a ventilation pipe. The lower cooling component is installed on one side of the lower housing, and the lower housing is connected to a liquid passage pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the ventilation duct includes a main duct, branch ducts, a fan, and an air outlet. The air inlet of the main duct is connected to the upper housing. Several branch ducts are connected to the surface of the main duct. The branch ducts are embedded in the main body of the coal pile and have multiple downward exhaust outlets connected to their surfaces. A fan is installed inside the main duct.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid inlet pipe includes a main liquid pipe, a distribution pipe and an outlet. The inlet end of the main liquid pipe is connected to the lower box body, and multiple distribution pipes are connected to the surface of the main liquid pipe. The multiple distribution pipes are all located inside the coal pile body, and the bottom of the distribution pipes is provided with multiple outlets for downward liquid discharge.

[0009] Preferably, the upper housing is installed on top of the lower housing, and a heat-conducting plate is provided between the lower housing and the upper housing. The upper housing is provided with a guide for optimizing air cooling.

[0010] Preferably, the flow guide includes a partition and a flow guide seat. Multiple partitions are fixedly installed inside the upper box, with one end of the partition fixed to the inner wall of the upper box and the other end forming a flow port with the inner wall of the upper box. Flow guide seats are installed on both sides of the flow port, and a filter is provided at the air inlet end of one side of the upper box.

[0011] Preferably, the filter element includes an air inlet pipe, a mounting base, and a filter screen. The air inlet pipe is connected to the upper housing, and the bottom of the air inlet pipe is threaded with a mounting base containing a filter screen.

[0012] Preferably, both the upper and lower cooling components are semiconductor cooling chip groups with their heating surfaces facing outwards and are fixedly mounted with heat dissipation fins.

[0013] Preferably, the lower housing is provided with a partition frame for protecting the lower cooling fins, and the partition frame is configured as a heat-conducting frame.

[0014] Preferably, a conveying component is provided between the lower tank and the main liquid pipe. The conveying component includes a water pump and a filter. The water pump is connected to the main liquid pipe, and the inlet end of the main liquid pipe is located below the liquid surface in the lower tank and is equipped with a filter.

[0015] Preferably, the lower chamber is equipped with a circulation component to achieve liquid circulation within the lower chamber and ensure uniform liquid temperature.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] This invention employs a dual cooling mechanism, combining air cooling and liquid cooling. Cold air is circulated through ventilation ducts to cool the coal pile via air convection, while cold liquid is circulated through liquid pipes for contact heat conduction and cooling. This dual mechanism can cover different areas of the coal pile, significantly improving efficiency compared to a single cooling method. It can quickly suppress the exothermic oxidation reaction inside the coal pile. The layered layout of the ventilation ducts and liquid pipes, with the ventilation ducts expelling air downwards and the liquid pipes draining liquid downwards, allows the cold air and liquid to penetrate evenly into the coal pile, preventing localized high-temperature accumulation. The cooling effect is particularly outstanding for deep coal piles. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the dual cooling mechanism of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the liquid passage tube of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the ventilation duct of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 These are the upper and lower box body diagrams of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional bottom view of the flow guide of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the lower box of this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Main coal pile; 2. Ventilation duct; 21. Main air duct; 22. Branch air duct; 23. Air outlet; 11. Fan; 3. Liquid pipe; 31. Main liquid pipe; 32. Branch liquid pipe; 33. Liquid outlet; 4. Dual cooling mechanism; 41. Upper housing; 42. Lower housing; 43. Upper refrigeration component; 44. Lower refrigeration component; 5. Heat conduction plate; 6. Flow guide component; 61. Partition plate; 62. Flow guide seat; 7. Filter component; 71. Air inlet duct; 72. Mounting base; 73. Filter screen; 8. Heat dissipation fins; 9. Partition frame; 10. Conveying component; 101. Water pump; 102. Filter. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Please see Figure 1-7 This utility model provides a technical solution: a coal pile anti-spontaneous combustion ventilation structure, comprising:

[0028] The coal pile body 1, ventilation pipe 2, liquid pipe 3, and dual cooling mechanism 4 are provided. Both ventilation pipe 2 and liquid pipe 3 are located inside the coal pile body 1, and liquid pipe 3 is laid parallel to the ventilation pipe 2 directly above it. The dual cooling mechanism 4 is provided on one side of the coal pile body 1 to achieve air cooling of the coal pile body 1 by cold air output from the upper box 41, and contact cooling of the coal pile body 1 by cold liquid output from the lower box 42 through the liquid pipe 3, thereby suppressing the risk of spontaneous combustion.

[0029] The dual cooling mechanism 4 includes an upper housing 41, a lower housing 42, an upper cooling component 43, and a lower cooling component 44. The upper cooling component 43 is installed on the top of the upper housing 41, and the air outlet of the upper housing 41 is connected to the ventilation pipe 2. The lower cooling component 44 is installed on one side of the lower housing 42, and the lower housing 42 is connected to the liquid passage pipe 3.

[0030] Specifically, by distributing both the ventilation pipe 2 and the liquid pipe 3 within the coal pile body 1, and through the dual cooling mechanism 4, cold air can be introduced into the ventilation pipe 2 and cold air can be introduced into the coal pile body 1, achieving a dual effect of ventilation and cooling. Furthermore, a lower temperature liquid can be introduced into the liquid pipe 3 to further cool the coal pile body 1. The upper box 41 is used to generate cold air and is located on top of the lower box 42. The lower box 42 is used to generate cold liquid, and the upper box 41 is connected to the ventilation pipe 2.

[0031] A combined air-cooling and liquid-cooling cooling mode is adopted. Cold air is circulated through ventilation pipe 2 to cool the coal pile, while cold liquid is circulated through liquid pipe 3 to achieve contact heat conduction cooling. The dual mechanism can cover different areas of the coal pile, which significantly improves efficiency compared to a single cooling method. It can quickly suppress the exothermic oxidation reaction inside the coal pile. The upper and lower layered layout of ventilation pipe 2 and liquid pipe 3, with the air distribution pipe 22 exhausting downward and the liquid distribution pipe 32 draining downward, allows the cold air and cold liquid to penetrate evenly into the interior of the coal pile, avoiding local high temperature accumulation. The cooling effect is particularly outstanding for deep coal piles.

[0032] The ventilation duct 2 includes a main duct 21, a branch duct 22, a fan 11, and an air outlet 23. The air inlet of the main duct 21 is connected to the upper box 41. Several branch ducts 22 are connected to the surface of the main duct 21. The branch ducts 22 are embedded in the coal pile body 1, and multiple downward exhaust air outlets 23 are connected to the surface of the branch ducts 22. A fan 11 is installed inside the main duct 21.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 4As shown, the main air duct 21 is located outside the coal pile body 1. Multiple branch air ducts 22 are connected to one side of the main air duct 21. All branch air ducts 22 are inside the coal pile body 1 and are evenly distributed. At the same time, the bottom of the branch air duct 22 is provided with an air outlet 23 to send cold air into the coal pile body 1. The air outlet 23 faces downward to reduce dust entering the branch air duct 22. It can circulate cold air into the coal pile body 1 and cool the coal pile through air convection. In addition, a fan 11 is provided to draw outside air into the upper box 41.

[0034] The liquid pipe 3 includes a main liquid pipe 31, a distribution pipe 32 and an outlet 33. The inlet end of the main liquid pipe 31 is connected to the lower box 42. Multiple distribution pipes 32 are connected to the surface of the main liquid pipe 31. The multiple distribution pipes 32 are all located inside the coal pile body 1, and multiple outlets 33 for downward liquid discharge are provided at the bottom of the distribution pipes 32.

[0035] It is worth noting that, such as Figure 3 As shown, the main liquid pipe 31 is located on the outside, and multiple distribution pipes 32 connected to its surface are evenly distributed inside the coal pile body 1. The bottom of the distribution pipe 32 is provided with a liquid outlet 33, and the liquid outlet 33 is also set downward. The liquid pipe 3 achieves contact heat conduction and cooling. The upper and lower layered layout of the ventilation pipe 2 and the liquid pipe 3, the downward exhaust of the ventilation pipe 22 and the downward discharge of the liquid pipe 32, enable the cold air and cold liquid to penetrate evenly into the interior of the coal pile, avoiding local high temperature accumulation.

[0036] The upper housing 41 is installed on top of the lower housing 42, and a heat-conducting plate 5 is provided between the lower housing 42 and the upper housing 41. The upper housing 41 is provided with a guide 6 for optimizing air cooling.

[0037] It should be noted that, as Figure 7 As shown, a heat-conducting plate 5 is provided between the lower box 42 and the upper box 41. The bottom of the upper box 41 is hollowed out. When the upper cooling component 43 on the upper box 41 is working, the heat-conducting plate 5 can achieve auxiliary cooling of the lower box 42. At the same time, both the upper box 41 and the lower box 42 are insulated boxes. The heat-conducting plate 5 can conduct the cold air generated when the upper cooling component 43 is working to the lower box 42, thereby achieving auxiliary cooling of the lower box 42, improving the cooling efficiency of the cold liquid, and reducing the energy consumption of the lower cooling component 44. The hollow design at the bottom of the upper box 41 allows the cold air to fully contact the heat-conducting plate 5 during the transportation process, enhancing the cold air conduction effect. The design of both boxes as insulated boxes can effectively block the intrusion of external heat, maintain a stable low temperature environment inside the box, and avoid cold air loss. This ensures cooling efficiency and reduces energy loss. The coal pile anti-self-ignition ventilation structure is equipped with a guide component 6, which is used to guide the flow of air entering the upper box 41.

[0038] The flow guide 6 includes a partition 61 and a flow guide seat 62. Multiple partitions 61 are fixedly installed inside the upper box 41, and one end of the partition 61 is fixed to the inner wall of the upper box 41, and the other end forms a flow port with the inner wall of the upper box 41. Flow guide seats 62 are installed on both sides of the flow port. A filter 7 is provided at the air inlet end of one side of the upper box 41.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, multiple baffles 61 are installed inside the upper housing 41. There are no gaps between the bottoms of the baffles 61, so that the air entering the upper housing 41 can only flow along the planned path, making the cold air cooler more efficient and improving the cooling efficiency. The baffles 62 are installed to reduce the air flow resistance. The multiple baffles 61 make the air flow path serpentine, which enhances the heat exchange effect in a limited space and makes the output cold air temperature more uniform, providing a stable air cooling capacity for the coal pile body 1.

[0040] The filter element 7 includes an air inlet pipe 71, a mounting base 72, and a filter screen 73. The air inlet pipe 71 is connected to the upper housing 41, and the bottom of the air inlet pipe 71 is threaded with a mounting base 72 containing a filter screen 73.

[0041] Among them, such as Figure 6 As shown, a filter 73 is installed inside the mounting base 72 to filter the air entering the air inlet duct 71. The air inlet of the air inlet duct 71 is set downwards. The filter 73 can filter dust and impurities in the air, preventing blockage of the ventilation duct 2 or affecting the operation of the refrigeration components. The downward-facing design of the air inlet of the air inlet duct 71 can reduce the entry of rainwater and debris. At the same time, it uses gravity to settle some particles, improves the air filtration effect, ensures the cleanliness of the ventilation system, and extends the service life of the equipment. The mounting base 72 is threaded onto the air inlet duct 71 for easy replacement.

[0042] Both the upper cooling component 43 and the lower cooling component 44 are semiconductor cooling chip groups, with the heating surface facing outwards, and are fixedly installed with heat dissipation fins 8;

[0043] Specifically, the semiconductor cooling chip assembly consists of multiple semiconductor cooling chips, which are suitable for long-term stable operation in a coal pile environment. The outward-facing layout of the heating surface can prevent the heat generated by the cooling chip from being conducted into the box, thus preventing it from affecting the cooling effect of the cold air and coolant. At the same time, the heat dissipation area is expanded by the heat dissipation fins 8, which accelerates heat dissipation, improves the working efficiency and service life of the cooling chip, and the heat generated on the heating surface is relatively small, so it has little impact on the coal pile body 1. A baffle can also be set between the coal pile body 1 and the dual cooling mechanism 4 for heat insulation.

[0044] The lower housing 42 is provided with a partition frame 9 for protecting the lower cooling element, and the partition frame 9 is configured as a heat-conducting frame.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 7As shown, the partition frame 9 has an L-shaped interface and is located on one side of the lower cooling plate. The partition frame 9 is made of thermally conductive material, which can meet the cooling requirements of the liquid inside the lower chamber 42. The partition frame 9 is used to protect the lower cooling plate and prevent the liquid inside the lower chamber 42 from splashing onto the surface of the lower cooling plate. At the same time, the lower cooling plate is waterproofed and has a certain waterproof effect.

[0046] A conveying component 10 is provided between the lower housing 42 and the main liquid pipe 31. The conveying component 10 includes a water pump 101 and a filter 102. The water pump 101 is connected to the main liquid pipe 31, and the liquid inlet end of the main liquid pipe 31 is located below the liquid surface inside the lower housing 42, and a filter 102 is provided.

[0047] It is worth noting that by starting the water pump 101, the liquid in the lower tank 42 can be input into the main liquid pipe 31, and the filter 102 can intercept impurities in the liquid.

[0048] The lower chamber 42 is equipped with a circulation component to achieve liquid circulation within the lower chamber 42 and ensure uniform liquid temperature.

[0049] The circulation component is located inside the lower tank 42 to ensure more uniform liquid temperature within the lower tank 42. In this application, the circulation component includes a motor, a spiral conveyor paddle, and a sleeve. The spiral conveyor paddle rotates inside the sleeve, and the bottom of the sleeve is fixed to the bottom of the lower tank 42. The lower end of the spiral conveyor paddle passes through the bottom of the lower tank and is equipped with a motor. The spiral conveyor paddle and the lower tank 42 have a sealing ring for waterproofing. At the same time, the top of the sleeve has a drain outlet, and the bottom has a water inlet, continuously transporting the liquid at the bottom of the lower tank 42 to the top to achieve circulation. The surface of the lower tank 42 is provided with an observation window, a scale groove, a water inlet valve pipe, and a drain valve pipe.

[0050] The upper cooling plate, lower cooling plate, water pump 101, and motor in the circulation component involved in this application are all implemented using existing mature technologies and connected to an external PLC controller and power supply. This is a conventional technical means in this field, so the specific circuit connection, control logic, and working process will not be described in detail.

[0051] The device starts the fan 11 to draw outside air into the upper chamber 41. As the air enters the upper chamber 41, the upper cooling plate is activated to cool the interior of the upper chamber 41. Multiple baffles 61 make the airflow path serpentine, allowing for more thorough cooling. The cold air enters multiple distribution pipes 22 through the main air duct 21. At the same time, the bottom of the distribution pipe 22 has an air outlet 23, which sends the cold air into the interior of the coal pile body 1 for air convection cooling of the coal pile. The lower cooling plate is activated to cool the interior of the lower chamber 42, thus cooling the liquid. By starting the water pump 101, the liquid in the lower chamber 42 can be input into the main liquid pipe 31, and the cold liquid is introduced into the main liquid pipe 31 and then into multiple distribution pipes 32. The bottom of the distribution pipe 32 has an outlet 33, which realizes contact heat conduction cooling. The upper and lower layered layout of the ventilation pipe 2 and the liquid pipe 3, with the distribution pipe 22 exhausting downwards and the distribution pipe 32 draining downwards, allows the cold air and cold liquid to penetrate evenly into the interior of the coal pile, avoiding local high temperature accumulation.

[0052] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A ventilation structure for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal piles, characterized in that, include: The main body of the coal pile, ventilation pipes, liquid pipes, and dual cooling system; The ventilation pipe and the liquid pipe are both located inside the coal pile body, and the liquid pipe is laid parallel to the ventilation pipe directly above it. A dual cooling mechanism is provided on one side of the coal pile body to achieve air cooling of the coal pile body by the cold air output from the upper box and contact cooling of the coal pile body by the cold liquid output from the lower box through the liquid pipe. The dual cooling mechanism includes an upper housing, a lower housing, an upper cooling component, and a lower cooling component. The upper cooling component is installed on the top of the upper housing, and the air outlet of the upper housing is connected to a ventilation pipe. The lower cooling component is installed on one side of the lower housing, and the lower housing is connected to a liquid passage pipe.

2. The coal pile anti-spontaneous combustion ventilation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation duct includes a main duct, branch ducts, a fan, and an air outlet. The air inlet of the main duct is connected to the upper housing. Several branch ducts are connected to the surface of the main duct. The branch ducts are embedded in the main body of the coal pile, and multiple downward exhaust outlets are connected to the surface of the branch ducts. A fan is installed inside the main duct.

3. The coal pile anti-spontaneous combustion ventilation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid passage pipe includes a main liquid pipe, a distribution pipe and an outlet. The inlet end of the main liquid pipe is connected to the lower box body. Multiple distribution pipes are connected to the surface of the main liquid pipe. The multiple distribution pipes are all located inside the coal pile body, and the bottom of the distribution pipes is provided with multiple outlets for downward liquid discharge.

4. The coal pile anti-spontaneous combustion ventilation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper housing is installed on top of the lower housing, and a heat-conducting plate is provided between the lower housing and the upper housing. The upper housing is provided with a guide for optimizing air cooling.

5. The coal pile anti-spontaneous combustion ventilation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flow guide includes a partition and a flow guide seat. Multiple partitions are fixedly installed inside the upper box, with one end of the partition fixed to the inner wall of the upper box and the other end forming a flow port with the inner wall of the upper box. Flow guide seats are installed on both sides of the flow port. A filter is provided at the air inlet end of one side of the upper box.

6. The coal pile anti-spontaneous combustion ventilation structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter element includes an air inlet pipe, a mounting base, and a filter screen. The air inlet pipe is connected to the upper housing, and a mounting base with a filter screen is threaded onto the bottom of the air inlet pipe.

7. The coal pile anti-spontaneous combustion ventilation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the upper and lower cooling components are semiconductor cooling chip assemblies with their heating surfaces facing outwards and are fixedly mounted with heat dissipation fins.

8. The coal pile anti-spontaneous combustion ventilation structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower housing is provided with a partition frame for protecting the lower cooling fins, and the partition frame is configured as a heat-conducting frame.

9. The coal pile anti-spontaneous combustion ventilation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A conveying component is provided between the lower tank and the main liquid pipe. The conveying component includes a water pump and a filter. The water pump is connected to the main liquid pipe, and the inlet end of the main liquid pipe is located below the liquid level in the lower tank and is equipped with a filter.

10. The coal pile anti-spontaneous combustion ventilation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower chamber is equipped with a circulation component to achieve liquid circulation within the lower chamber and ensure uniform liquid temperature.

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