A separator

Abstract

The utility model relates to material separation technical field, concretely relates to a separator. The separator includes casing and the drum in the casing, the casing top is equipped with the feed port, and the inner chamber of drum is equipped with the flow guide structure, the flow guide structure has the flow guide channel of up and down extension, the upper end of flow guide channel is linked together with the feed port, and the lower end leads to the inner chamber bottom of drum to supply the liquid from the feed port to flow along the flow guide channel to the inner chamber bottom of drum. The feeding process is not influenced by the centrifugal force under the high speed operation, can flow to the bottom under the gravity of liquid itself, and simultaneously due to the centrifugal force effect of drum high -speed rotation, the inner chamber space of drum located the periphery of flow guide channel has the negative pressure to flow guide channel internal space, has the suction effect to the liquid in flow guide channel, to can guarantee the liquid to enter the separation space smoothly, avoid producing the air bubble, be favorable to guarantee the separation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of material separation technology, specifically to a separator. Background Technology

[0002] A separator is a mechanical device that uses centrifugal force to separate the components of a mixture of liquids and solid particles or liquids and liquids. It is mainly used to separate solid particles from liquids in suspensions, or to separate two immiscible liquids with different densities in emulsions. The separator has its feed inlet at the bottom and its discharge outlet at the top. The liquid enters the bottom of the separator's drum through the bottom feed inlet and is separated under centrifugal force, forming a stable upward flow. The separated liquids flow out through their corresponding heavy phase and light phase channels. Currently, the liquid is usually pumped from the bottom feed inlet of the separator casing to the bottom of the drum. However, for some mixed liquid systems, the pump impeller agitation can easily generate bubbles in the liquid. The presence of these bubbles may damage the separator's drum and affect separation efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a separator that solves the problem that the current separator structure, which requires pumping the liquid from the bottom inlet of the separator housing to the bottom of the drum, is prone to generating bubbles in the liquid due to the pump impeller's agitation, thus affecting the separation efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution of the separator of this utility model is: A separator includes a shell and a rotating drum located inside the shell. The top of the shell is provided with a feed inlet, and the inner cavity of the rotating drum is provided with a flow guiding structure. The flow guiding structure has a flow guiding channel extending vertically. The upper end of the flow guiding channel is connected to the feed inlet, and the lower end leads to the bottom of the inner cavity of the rotating drum so that the feed liquid can flow from the feed inlet along the flow guiding channel to the bottom of the inner cavity of the rotating drum.

[0005] Beneficial Effects: This utility model innovatively provides a separator with top feeding and separation starting from the bottom of the drum. The feed inlet is located at the top of the separator housing, and a guide channel extending downwards is set in the inner cavity of the drum, reaching the bottom of the inner cavity. In this way, after the liquid enters from the top feed inlet, it first enters the guide channel and flows downwards along the guide channel to the bottom of the inner cavity of the drum, thus achieving separation starting from the bottom of the drum. The feeding process is not affected by the centrifugal force under high-speed rotation. Since the liquid is transported from top to bottom, it can naturally flow to the bottom under its own gravity. At the same time, due to the centrifugal force of the high-speed rotation of the drum, the space in the inner cavity of the drum located outside the guide channel has a negative pressure relative to the space inside the guide channel, which has a suction effect on the liquid in the guide channel, thus ensuring that the liquid smoothly enters the separation space. This feeding structure does not require additional pumping equipment, can achieve stable feeding, avoids the generation of air bubbles caused by the agitation of the liquid during pumping, which is beneficial to ensuring separation efficiency and effect, and also helps to extend the service life of the separator.

[0006] Furthermore, the flow guiding structure includes a central cylinder that is fixed and coaxial with the drum, and the flow guiding channel includes the inner cavity of the central cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, the upper end of the central cylinder is rotary sealed to the part of the top of the shell where the feed inlet is located, the lower end of the central cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the drum, and the bottom of the central cylinder is provided with a communication port that communicates with the bottom space of the inner cavity of the drum.

[0008] Furthermore, the connecting port is radially penetrating the wall of the central cylinder, and multiple connecting ports are provided along the circumference of the central cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the weir body at the top of the drum is fixedly connected to the central cylinder, and a heavy phase channel is formed between the heavy phase weir plate of the weir body and the outer wall of the central cylinder, and a light phase channel is formed between the light phase weir plate and the outer wall of the central cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, a liquid distribution plate is provided between the inner wall of the drum and the outer wall of the central cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the flow channel is equipped with a filtration structure for filtering the liquid material.

[0012] Furthermore, the filter structure includes a filter connector located at the upper end of the flow channel, the filter connector being connected to the feed inlet, and a filter layer surrounding the center line of the flow channel and / or a filter layer perpendicular to the center line of the flow channel being provided outside the filter connector.

[0013] Furthermore, the motor used to drive the drum rotation is located at the bottom of the separator.

[0014] Furthermore, the center of the drum is provided with a mounting cylinder extending upward from its bottom surface. The opening of the mounting cylinder faces downward and its inner cavity forms a mounting cavity. The mounting cylinder is located in the flow channel. The mounting cavity is isolated from the inner cavity of the drum and the inner cavity of the flow channel. The housing has an upper bracket extending into the mounting cavity. The output shaft of the motor extends into the mounting cavity and passes through the upper bracket to be connected to the mounting cylinder for transmission. The mounting cylinder or the output shaft of the motor is rotatably mounted on the upper bracket through bearings. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the separator of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the separator of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 3 of the separator of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 4 of the separator of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 5 of the separator of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 6 of the separator of this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 10. Shell; 11. Feed connector; 12. Rotary seal; 13. First collection chamber; 14. Second collection chamber; 15. Upper support; 16. Lower support; 20. Rotary drum; 21. Light phase channel; 22. Heavy phase channel; 23. Mounting cylinder; 30. Frame; 40. Motor; 41. Output shaft; 42. Bearing; 50. Central cylinder; 51. Connecting port; 60. Filter structure. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The basic concept of this separator is to set the feed inlet at the top of the separator shell and to set a guide channel extending from top to bottom in the inner cavity of the drum, so that the guide channel extends to the bottom of the inner cavity of the drum. Stable feeding is achieved by using the gravity of the liquid and the suction force generated by centrifugal force, avoiding the generation of air bubbles, which helps to ensure separation efficiency.

[0018] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0019] Example 1 of the separator of this utility model: like Figure 1As shown, the separator is a vertical centrifuge, comprising a housing 10 and a rotating drum 20 located within the housing 10. The top and bottom directions of the housing 10 are vertical, and the rotation axis of the rotating drum 20 is vertical. A feed inlet 11 is provided at the top of the housing 10, with its central hole forming the feed port. A flow guiding structure is provided within the inner cavity of the rotating drum 20, including a central cylinder 50. The inner cavity of the central cylinder 50 forms vertically extending flow channels for the flow guiding structure. The upper end of the flow channels is connected to the feed port, and the lower end leads to the bottom of the inner cavity of the rotating drum 20, allowing the liquid to flow from the feed port along the flow channels to the bottom of the inner cavity of the rotating drum 20.

[0020] After the liquid enters from the top inlet, it first enters the guide channel formed by the central cylinder 50 and flows from top to bottom towards the bottom of the inner cavity of the drum 20. This allows for separation starting from the bottom of the drum 20. The feeding process is not affected by the centrifugal force of the high-speed rotation of the drum 20. Since the liquid is transported from top to bottom, it can naturally flow to the bottom under its own gravity. At the same time, due to the centrifugal force of the high-speed rotation of the drum 20, the inner cavity of the drum 20 located outside the central cylinder 50 has a negative pressure relative to the inner space of the guide channel, which has a suction effect on the liquid in the guide channel. This ensures that the liquid can smoothly enter the separation space inside the drum 20. The separator of this utility model feeds from the top and begins separation at the bottom of the drum 20. It does not require additional pumping equipment for feeding, which can achieve stable feeding and avoid the generation of air bubbles. Moreover, it utilizes the space around the central cylinder 50 that is closer to the inner wall of the drum 20 for separation. The centrifugal force in the inner cavity of the drum 20 around the central cylinder 50 is greater, and the separation effect is better. This helps to ensure separation efficiency and effect, and also helps to extend the service life of the separator equipment components.

[0021] The central cylinder 50 is fixed and coaxial with the rotating drum 20. The outer diameter of the central cylinder 50 is smaller than the inner diameter of the rotating drum 20. The annular space between the central cylinder 50 and the rotating drum 20 meets the separation requirements of the liquid. The central cylinder 50 is a cylindrical shape. The upper end of the central cylinder 50 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the feed connector 11 through a rotary seal 12 to form a rotary seal. The upper end of the feed connector 11 extends outside the housing 10 to connect to the feed pipeline. The feed connector 11 is fixed to the top of the housing 10 and does not rotate. The rotating drum 20, the central cylinder 50, and the rotary seal 12 rotate together. The top of the housing 10 has a feed inlet, which is the feed connector 11. The upper end of the central cylinder 50 is rotary sealed with the feed inlet through the rotary seal 12. The liquid enters the central cylinder 50 from the feed connector 11 and then enters the bottom of the annular space between the central cylinder 50 and the rotating drum 20 from the lower end of the central cylinder 50, where it is separated under the action of centrifugal force. In other embodiments, the central cylinder may not rotate with the drum. In this case, except for the part of the central cylinder that is connected to the drum to allow the liquid to pass through, the other mating parts should be equipped with a rotation sealing structure.

[0022] The lower end of the central cylinder 50 is directly fixed to the bottom wall of the rotating drum 20. The bottom of the central cylinder 50 is provided with a communication port 51 that communicates with the bottom space of the inner cavity of the rotating drum 20. The feed liquid is supplied into the separation area of ​​the rotating drum 20 through the communication port 51. The central cylinder 50 is fixed by the bottom wall of the rotating drum 20. The structure is simple and the operation is stable. In other embodiments, the lower end of the central cylinder may not be fixed to the bottom wall of the rotating drum. The opening at the lower end of the central cylinder can be directly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the rotating drum, and the outer wall of the central cylinder is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating drum by a connecting rod.

[0023] The connecting port 51 is located at the lower end of the central cylinder 50. The connecting port 51 is radially through the cylinder wall of the central cylinder 50. The connecting port 51 is formed by a radial through hole and its position is as close as possible to the bottom of the rotating drum 20. Multiple connecting ports 51 are provided around the central cylinder 50 and can be evenly distributed to allow the liquid to enter the separation area inside the rotating drum 20 evenly.

[0024] The top of the drum 20 is provided with a dividing weir, which is fixedly connected to the drum 20 body and the central cylinder 50. The dividing weir includes a light phase weir plate and a heavy phase weir plate. A heavy phase channel 22 is formed between the heavy phase weir plate and the outer wall of the central cylinder 50, and a light phase channel 21 is formed between the light phase weir plate and the outer wall of the central cylinder 50. The heavy phase channel 22 is for the separated heavy phase liquid to flow out, and the light phase channel 21 is for the separated light phase liquid to flow out. The structure of the dividing weir itself can be found in the prior art and will not be described in detail here. The shell 10 is provided with a first collection chamber 13 and a second collection chamber 14 corresponding to the light phase channel 21 and the heavy phase channel 22, respectively. The first collection chamber 13 and the second collection chamber 14 are respectively provided with a liquid outlet.

[0025] A liquid distribution plate is provided between the inner wall of the drum 20 and the outer wall of the central cylinder 50. The liquid distribution plate can be arranged horizontally, vertically, or spirally. Adding a liquid distribution plate to the separation area between the inner wall of the drum 20 and the outer wall of the central cylinder 50 can increase the contact area with the liquid and improve the separation efficiency. In other embodiments, the liquid distribution plate may not be provided.

[0026] The separator includes a frame 30, and a housing 10 is fixedly mounted on the frame 30. The frame 30 has legs to give the housing 10 a certain height. A motor 40 for driving the rotating drum 20 is provided at the bottom of the separator. The motor 40 is mounted on the frame 30 and located below the housing 10. The output shaft of the motor 40 faces upward and is connected to the bottom of the rotating drum 20 to drive the rotating drum 20 to rotate.

[0027] This separator can separate mixtures (such as lubricating oil), especially mixtures of difficult-to-separate systems. The mixture enters the central cylinder 50 through the feed inlet 11, and then flows through the connecting port 51 into the bottom of the inner cavity of the rotating drum 20. After entering the inner cavity of the rotating drum 20, the mixture begins to separate and clarify due to centrifugal force. The heavier phase liquid moves towards the inner wall of the rotating drum 20, while the lighter phase liquid moves towards the axis of the rotating drum 20, i.e., the outer wall of the central cylinder 50. Finally, the lighter phase liquid flows into the first collection chamber 13 along the lighter phase channel 21, and the heavier phase liquid flows into the second collection chamber 14 along the heavier phase channel 22, completing the separation of the mixture. By increasing the distance between the liquid molecules and the center of rotation, the centrifugal force is increased, improving the separation effect and capacity, resulting in better separation of mixtures of difficult-to-separate systems.

[0028] Embodiment 2 of the separator of this utility model: The difference between the separator in this embodiment and the separator in Embodiment 1 lies in the structure of the motor-driven drum, such as... Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the center of the drum 20 is provided with a mounting cylinder 23 extending upward from its bottom surface. The opening of the mounting cylinder 23 faces downward and its inner cavity forms a mounting cavity. The opening is located on the bottom surface of the drum 20, and the rest is closed. The mounting cylinder 23 is located in the flow channel formed by the inner cavity of the central cylinder 50. The mounting cavity is isolated from the inner cavity of the drum 20 and the inner cavity of the central cylinder 50. The housing has an upper bracket 15 extending into the mounting cavity. The upper bracket 15 is a hollow structure. The output shaft 41 of the motor 40 extends into the mounting cavity and passes through the upper bracket 15. The upper end of the output shaft 41 is connected to the mounting cylinder 23 for transmission. The mounting cylinder 23 or the output shaft 41 of the motor 40 is rotatably mounted on the upper bracket 15 through the bearing 42 to form a rotational support, which is stable and reliable under force.

[0029] The top of the mounting cylinder 23 extends to the upper part of the central cylinder 50 and is close to the feed connector 11. The top surface of the mounting cylinder 23 located in the inner cavity of the drum 20 is a conical surface, which is directly opposite the feed inlet formed by the central hole of the feed connector 11, which is conducive to the flow of liquid. The bottom end of the central cylinder 50 is provided with a notch, which forms a connecting port 51 and together with the bottom surface of the drum 20 forms a liquid channel.

[0030] The bottom of the housing is also provided with a lower bracket 16, which extends downward and is located outside the drum 20. The output shaft 41 of the motor 40 passes through the lower bracket 16 and the upper bracket 15. The lower part of the output shaft 41 is rotatably supported on the lower bracket 16 by a bearing. The housing of the motor 40 can be fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower bracket 16.

[0031] In this embodiment, the inner and outer diameters of the central cylinder 50 are both larger than those of the central cylinder in Embodiment 1 above. Correspondingly, the inner diameter of the drum 20 can be set as needed.

[0032] In centrifugal separation, a higher settling velocity results in faster and better separation, and can also shorten separation time and reduce the height of the separator. Settling velocity is positively correlated with the settling coefficient, the angular velocity of the centrifugal rotor, and the distance from the molecule to the center of rotation. The settling coefficient is a constant, while the angular velocity is related to the motor speed. Therefore, increasing the distance from the center of rotation to the molecule can increase the settling velocity, which is beneficial for the separation of the mixture. It should be noted that under ideal conditions (unchanged conditions): if the physical properties of the particles (such as size, shape, and density) and the medium conditions (temperature, viscosity, and density) remain strictly constant, and the centrifugation process is in an ideal steady state, then the settling constant is a constant value.

[0033] Example 3 of the separator of this utility model: The difference between the separator in this embodiment and the separator in Embodiment 1 lies in the filtration structure, such as... Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a filter structure 60 for filtering the liquid is provided within the flow channel formed by the central cylinder 50. The filter structure 60 is a horizontally arranged filter layer, which can be made of materials such as PP cotton, activated carbon, or ceramic membrane. The pressure in the space above the filter layer within the flow channel is positive, allowing the mixed liquid to pass through the filter layer quickly. The mixed liquid enters the upper part of the central cylinder from the feed inlet 11, is filtered by the filter layer, and then enters the area between the rotating drum 20 and the central cylinder 50 from the connecting port 51. Impurities can be filtered before the mixed liquid is separated, which helps to improve the purity of the separated liquid and reduce the impurity content.

[0034] Example 4 of the separator of this utility model: The difference between the separator in this embodiment and the separator in embodiment 3 above lies in the specific form of the filtration structure, such as... Figure 4 As shown in this embodiment, the filter structure 60 includes multiple filter layers, with multiple different filter layers stacked together. Each filter layer is stacked in the vertical direction to improve the filtration effect and facilitate cleaning.

[0035] Example 5 of the separator of this utility model: The difference between the separator in this embodiment and the separator in embodiment 3 above lies in the specific form of the filtration structure, such as... Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the filter structure 60 includes a filter connector located at the upper end of the flow channel. The filter connector can be installed on the rotary seal. The inner cavity of the filter connector is connected to the feed port. The outer circumferential surface of the filter connector is provided with a radially penetrating flow channel hole so that the inner cavity of the filter connector is connected to the space inside the flow channel. The filter connector is provided with a filter layer surrounding the center line of the flow channel. The filter layer covers the flow channel hole. The filter layer has multiple layers and is stacked in the horizontal direction. Under the action of centrifugal force, it is easy to filter and has good permeability.

[0036] Embodiment 6 of the separator of this utility model: The difference between the separator in this embodiment and the separator in embodiment 5 above lies in the specific form of the filtration structure, such as... Figure 6 As shown in this embodiment, the filter connector of the filter structure 60 is also provided with a downwardly penetrating flow channel hole. The filter structure 60 also includes a filter layer perpendicular to the center line of the flow channel. This filter layer is a horizontal filter layer covering the downwardly penetrating flow channel hole of the filter connector. Correspondingly, the filter layer covering the radially penetrating flow channel hole on the circumferential surface of the filter connector is a vertical circumferential filter layer. The vertically arranged circumferential filter layer and the horizontal filter layer can be integrally arranged. There are also multiple horizontal filter layers. In this way, multiple filter layers are superimposed in both the horizontal and vertical directions, resulting in a large filtration area, good filtration effect, and good throughput.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit this utility model. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without creative effort, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A separator, characterized in that, It includes a shell and a drum located inside the shell. The top of the shell is provided with a feed inlet, and the inner cavity of the drum is provided with a flow guiding structure. The flow guiding structure has a flow guiding channel extending vertically. The upper end of the flow guiding channel is connected to the feed inlet, and the lower end leads to the bottom of the inner cavity of the drum so that the liquid material can flow from the feed inlet along the flow guiding channel to the bottom of the inner cavity of the drum.

2. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guiding structure includes a central cylinder that is fixed and coaxial with the rotating drum, and the flow guiding channel includes the inner cavity of the central cylinder.

3. The separator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper end of the central cylinder is rotary sealed to the part of the top of the shell where the feed port is located, the lower end of the central cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the drum, and the bottom of the central cylinder is provided with a communication port that communicates with the bottom space of the inner cavity of the drum.

4. The separator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting port is radially penetrating the wall of the central cylinder, and multiple connecting ports are provided along the circumference of the central cylinder.

5. The separator according to claim 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, The weir body at the top of the drum is fixedly connected to the central cylinder. A heavy phase channel is formed between the heavy phase weir plate of the weir body and the outer wall of the central cylinder, and a light phase channel is formed between the light phase weir plate and the outer wall of the central cylinder.

6. The separator according to claim 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that, A liquid distribution plate is provided between the inner wall of the drum and the outer wall of the central cylinder.

7. The separator according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The flow channel is equipped with a filtration structure for filtering the liquid material.

8. The separator according to claim 7, characterized in that, filtration... The structure includes a filter connector located at the upper end of the flow channel, the filter connector being connected to the feed inlet, and a filter layer surrounding the center line of the flow channel and / or a filter layer perpendicular to the center line of the flow channel being provided outside the filter connector.

9. The separator according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The motor that drives the drum to rotate is located at the bottom of the separator.

10. The separator according to claim 9, characterized in that, The drum center has a mounting cylinder extending upward from its bottom surface. The opening of the mounting cylinder faces downward and its inner cavity forms a mounting cavity. The mounting cylinder is located in the flow channel. The mounting cavity is isolated from the inner cavity of the drum and the inner cavity of the flow channel. The housing has an upper bracket that extends into the mounting cavity. The output shaft of the motor extends into the mounting cavity and passes through the upper bracket to be connected to the mounting cylinder for transmission. The mounting cylinder or the output shaft of the motor is rotatably mounted on the upper bracket through bearings.

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