Tray negative pressure code disc machine and fruit and vegetable sorting equipment

Abstract

This application relates to the field of fruit and vegetable sorting technology, and more particularly to a negative pressure palletizing machine and fruit and vegetable sorting equipment. The negative pressure palletizing machine includes an opening and closing mechanism, a drive plate, a drive mechanism, and a negative pressure module. The opening and closing mechanism includes a top plate and side wall plates, the side wall plates circumferentially enclosing the top plate to form a receiving cavity for accommodating and circumferentially clamping the pallet. The drive plate is detachably connected to the top plate and located directly above the top plate, the projection of the drive plate onto the top plate being smaller than the outline of the top plate. The drive mechanism is mounted on the drive plate and detachably connected to each side wall plate, for driving the opening and closing of at least four side wall plates. The negative pressure module is connected to the top plate and is used to create negative pressure in the receiving cavity when the receiving cavity accommodates the pallet. When it is necessary to adapt to pallets of different sizes, only the top plate and side wall plates matching the new pallet size need to be replaced, while the drive plate does not need to be replaced. Compared with traditional solutions, this reduces the number of parts that need to be replaced, lowering changeover costs and time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fruit and vegetable sorting technology, and in particular to a tray negative pressure stacking machine and fruit and vegetable sorting equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In automated production, especially in the packaging and logistics of fruits and vegetables, pallet negative pressure palletizing machines are devices that enable the automatic handling and stacking of pallets or pallets containing fruits and vegetables. Existing pallet negative pressure palletizing machines typically employ an opening and closing mechanism with multiple side panels to fix the pallet by clamping or enclosing it, and combine this with a negative pressure system to adsorb and grasp the pallet for subsequent palletizing or boxing operations.

[0003] However, existing palletizing machines suffer from poor compatibility and adaptability with pallets of different sizes. The drive mechanisms that open and close the side panels in existing palletizing machines are typically mounted as a single, fixed-size drive plate. The dimensions of this drive plate and the layout of the drive mechanism are designed for a specific pallet size. When a different pallet size needs to be used on the production line, the entire palletizing machine fixture, including the drive plate, the drive units fixed to it, and the top and side panels adapted to the pallet, must be replaced entirely. Utility Model Content

[0004] One objective of this application is to provide a negative pressure palletizing machine and a fruit and vegetable sorting device to solve the technical problem that in the prior art, when the negative pressure palletizing machine is adapted to pallets of different sizes, the clamps need to be replaced as a whole, which leads to cumbersome changeover operations and poor versatility.

[0005] This application provides a tray negative pressure palletizer, including: An opening and closing mechanism includes a top plate and at least four side wall plates, the at least four side wall plates being able to circumferentially surround the top plate to form a receiving cavity for receiving and circumferentially clamping a tray; A drive plate is detachably connected to the top plate and located directly above the top plate, wherein the projection of the drive plate on the top plate is smaller than the outline of the top plate; A drive mechanism is mounted on the drive plate and is detachably connected to each of the side wall panels to drive the opening and closing of the at least four side wall panels. A negative pressure module, connected to the top plate, is used to create negative pressure in the receiving cavity when the receiving cavity receives the tray.

[0006] The aforementioned structure, employing modular sidewalls and a top plate, enables compatibility with different pallets, enhancing the versatility and flexibility of the pallet negative pressure stacker. When changing pallets of different sizes, users only need to replace the lower-cost top and sidewalls, reducing the need to replace the drive board, shortening changeover time, and minimizing the number of parts required to adapt to different pallet sizes.

[0007] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a driving unit mounted on the driving plate, each driving unit being connected to a corresponding side wall plate, and the driving unit being used to drive the corresponding side wall plate to move relative to the top plate. The driving units are disposed on the same side of the driving plate, or the driving units are disposed on the top and bottom surfaces of the driving plate.

[0008] The above structure provides selectivity and flexibility for the specific configuration of the overall structure of the pallet negative pressure stacker. Placing all drive units on the same plane allows for a flatter structure and easier maintenance. Separating the drive units on the top and bottom surfaces allows for a more compact layout, effectively avoiding spatial interference between mechanisms moving in different directions, and further reducing the size of the drive plate to accommodate smaller pallet sizes.

[0009] Optionally, the drive mechanism further includes a mounting bracket, a drive motor, and a drive gear. The mounting bracket is connected to the drive plate, the drive motor is mounted on the mounting bracket, and the drive gear is connected to and driven by the drive motor. The drive unit includes a rack, a connecting seat, a guide seat, and an optical shaft. The rack is connected to the connecting seat and meshes with a corresponding drive gear. The guide seat is connected to the drive plate and has a guide hole. The optical shaft passes through the guide hole. One end of the optical shaft is connected to the connecting seat, and the other end of the optical shaft is connected to a corresponding sidewall plate.

[0010] With the above structure, the drive motor is fixed to the drive plate by a mounting bracket, and the power of the drive motor is transmitted to the meshing rack through the drive gear. The rack is fixed to the connecting seat, the other end of which is connected to the optical axis, and the end of the optical axis is connected to the side wall plate. At the same time, the optical axis passes through the guide seat fixed to the drive plate and is guided by the guide seat.

[0011] Optionally, the racks of at least two of the drive units move in opposite directions, and the two racks moving in opposite directions mesh with the same drive gear.

[0012] With the above structure, two racks moving in opposite directions mesh with the same drive gear, enabling two opposing sidewalls to move synchronously and symmetrically towards or away from each other using only one drive motor. This simplifies the drive system and control logic, reduces costs, and ensures that the pallet remains centered during clamping or release, guaranteeing the stability and accuracy of clamping.

[0013] Optionally, the mounting bracket includes two support feet, each support foot having a guide block extending into the area between the two support feet. The rack has a tooth structure parallel to a horizontal plane, and the side of the rack facing away from the tooth structure has a limiting guide groove extending in the length direction. The drive gear and the rack meshing with the drive gear are both located between the two support feet. The guide block is received in the limiting guide groove and abuts against the bottom surface of the limiting guide groove.

[0014] With the above structure, a limiting guide groove extending along the length of the rack is provided on the side of the rack away from the tooth structure. Simultaneously, a guide block is provided on the mounting bracket fixed to the drive plate. This guide block is precisely accommodated within the limiting guide groove and abuts against the bottom of the groove, providing stable and reliable support and guidance for the linear movement of the rack. The cooperation between the guide block and the limiting guide groove effectively prevents the rack from twisting or wobbling during force-bearing movement, while also sharing part of the load, ensuring the smoothness and durability of the rack drive.

[0015] Optionally, the rack's tooth structure is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the drive unit further includes: A limiting guide is connected to the drive plate. The limiting guide includes a limiting guide portion that extends along the length of the optical axis and is located on the side of the rack away from its tooth structure. A first cam follower is connected to the rack and disposed on one of the surfaces adjacent to the tooth structure of the rack. The first cam follower abuts against the limiting guide portion. The second cam follower is connected to the limiting guide, and the second cam follower abuts against a corresponding rack and is located below the corresponding rack.

[0016] With the above structure, the side of the rack abuts against a fixed limiting guide via a first cam follower to constrain its horizontal movement. Simultaneously, the bottom of the rack is supported by a second cam follower mounted on the limiting guide to constrain its vertical movement. This embodiment reduces the frictional resistance of the rack's movement by replacing the sliding friction between the guide block and the limiting guide groove with the rolling friction of the cam follower.

[0017] Optionally, the drive unit includes a cylinder, the cylinder body of which is mounted on the drive plate, and the piston rod of which is connected to a corresponding side wall plate.

[0018] With the above structure, the cylinder body is directly mounted on the drive plate, and the cylinder piston rod is connected to the corresponding side wall plate. The opening and closing of the side wall plate is directly driven by controlling the extension and retraction of the cylinder. In applications where the requirements for motion speed and position control are not high, cylinder drive has the advantages of simple structure, fast response speed, and low cost, which can meet the needs of different application scenarios and increase the scope of application.

[0019] Optionally, each of the sidewall panels has a slope at its bottom that is inclined toward the receiving cavity, the slope being used to support the tray.

[0020] With the above structure, the bottom of the side wall panel is provided with an inclined surface that slopes towards the inside of the receiving cavity. When the side wall panels are closed, these inclined surfaces together form a support structure for lifting the pallet, which can effectively support and initially position the edge of the pallet. It can not only stably support the weight of the pallet and prevent it from sliding down, but also guide the pallet to automatically center during the clamping process, thereby enhancing the reliability and stability of the clamping.

[0021] Optionally, the drive plate is provided with a clearance hole, the top plate is provided with a mounting hole, the negative pressure module includes a vacuum pump and a vacuum pipe, one end of the vacuum pipe is connected to the vacuum pump, and the other end of the vacuum pipe passes through the clearance hole and is connected to the mounting hole, and communicates with the receiving cavity.

[0022] With the above structure, the vacuum pipeline is led out from the vacuum pump, passes through the pre-reserved clearance hole on the drive plate, and then connects to the mounting hole on the top plate, finally connecting to the receiving cavity enclosed by the top plate and the side wall plate. This allows the vacuum pipeline to be directly connected to the replaceable top plate module, ensuring that the connection of the vacuum system is not affected when replacing the tray adapter, thus guaranteeing the effective negative pressure adsorption function.

[0023] In another aspect, embodiments of this application provide a fruit and vegetable sorting device, including a tray negative pressure stacking machine as described in any of the above claims.

[0024] The embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects: These embodiments employ a relatively small, universal drive plate, which is detachably mounted above a larger top plate that matches a specific pallet size. The drive mechanism for opening and closing the side panels is mounted on the universal drive plate and detachably connected to each side panel. When adapting to pallets of different sizes, because the drive plate's profile is smaller than the top plate, it will not interfere with larger or smaller top plates or side panels.

[0025] The projection of the drive plate onto the top plate is smaller than the outline of the top plate. Even when the top plate is replaced, as long as the size of the drive plate is still smaller than the size of the replaced top plate, a receiving cavity can still be formed between the top plate and its corresponding side wall plate, reducing the number of parts that need to be replaced when adapting to different sized trays. Attached Figure Description

[0026] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute a limitation on scale.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of a tray negative pressure palletizer provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the folding structure of a tray negative pressure palletizer provided in this application embodiment; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the drive board and drive mechanism of a tray negative pressure stacker provided in this application embodiment; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of another tray negative pressure stacking machine provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the folding structure of another tray negative pressure stacking machine provided in this application embodiment; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the upper drive plate and part of the drive mechanism of another tray negative pressure stacking machine provided in this application embodiment; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the lower layer of the drive board and another part of the drive mechanism of another tray negative pressure stacker provided in this application embodiment; Figure 8 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of detail A in the middle; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a portion of the drive board and drive unit of another tray negative pressure stacker provided in this application embodiment; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the top plate of a tray negative pressure stacking machine provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Label Explanation: 100. Pallet negative pressure stacking machine; 10. Opening and closing mechanism; 11. Top plate; 111. Mounting hole; 12. Side wall plate; 121. Inclined surface; 20. Drive plate; 21. Clearance hole; 30. Drive mechanism; 31. Drive unit; 311. Rack; 3112. Limiting guide groove; 312. Connecting seat; 313. Guide seat; 314. Optical axis; 315. Limiting guide component; 3151. Limiting guide part; 316. First cam follower; 317. Second cam follower; 318. Cylinder; 3181. Cylinder body; 3182. Piston rod; 32. Mounting bracket; 321. Support foot; 322. Guide block; 33. Drive motor; 34. Drive gear. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "connected" to another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements can exist between them. The terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "upper end," "lower end," "top," and "bottom," etc., used in this specification indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0031] A negative pressure palletizing machine is a device that enables the automatic handling and stacking of pallets or pallets containing fruits and vegetables. In related technologies, negative pressure palletizing machines typically employ an opening and closing mechanism with multiple side panels to fix the pallet by clamping or enclosing it, and combine this with a negative pressure system to adsorb and grasp the pallet for subsequent palletizing or packing operations.

[0032] However, existing palletizing machines have poor compatibility and adaptability with pallets of different sizes. When a different pallet size needs to be replaced on the production line, the entire clamping mechanism of the palletizing machine, including the drive plate, the drive unit fixed on it, and the top and side panels that are compatible with the pallet, must be replaced as a whole.

[0033] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 and Figure 2To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a tray negative pressure palletizing machine 100, including an opening and closing mechanism 10, a drive plate 20, a drive mechanism 30, and a negative pressure module (not shown in the figures). The opening and closing mechanism 10 includes a top plate 11 and at least four side wall plates 12, which circumferentially surround the top plate 11 to form a receiving cavity for accommodating and circumferentially clamping a tray. The drive plate 20 is detachably connected to the top plate 11 and located directly above the top plate 11, with the projection of the drive plate 20 onto the top plate 11 being smaller than the outline of the top plate 11. The drive mechanism 30 is mounted on the drive plate 20 and detachably connected to each side wall plate 12, for driving the opening and closing of the at least four side wall plates 12. The negative pressure module is connected to the top plate 11 and is used to create negative pressure in the receiving cavity when the receiving cavity accommodates a tray.

[0034] The working principle of the negative pressure palletizer 100 in this embodiment is as follows: This embodiment uses a relatively small universal drive plate 20, which is detachably mounted above a larger top plate 11 that matches the specific pallet size. A drive mechanism 30 for driving the opening and closing of the side wall panels 12 is mounted on the universal drive plate 20 and detachably connected to each side wall panel 12. When it is necessary to adapt to pallets of different sizes, since the outline of the drive plate 20 is smaller than that of the top plate 11, it will not interfere with larger or smaller top plates 11 and side wall panels 12.

[0035] The projection of the drive plate 20 onto the top plate 11 is smaller than the outline of the top plate 11. Even when the top plate 11 is replaced, as long as the size of the drive plate 20 is still smaller than the size of the replaced top plate 11, a receiving cavity can still be formed between the top plate 11 and its corresponding side wall plate 12, reducing the number of parts that need to be replaced when adapting to different sized trays.

[0036] Understandably, the embodiments of this application employ modular side wall panels 12 and top panels 11 to achieve compatibility with different pallets, thereby improving the versatility and flexibility of the pallet negative pressure stacker 100. When replacing pallets of different sizes, users only need to replace the lower-cost top panel 11 and side wall panels 12, reducing the need to replace the drive board 20, shortening the changeover time, and reducing the number of parts that need to be replaced when adapting to pallets of different sizes.

[0037] Compared to the traditional negative pressure palletizer 100, when it is necessary to adapt to pallets of different sizes, there is no need to replace the entire bulky palletizer head. Simply disassemble and replace the corresponding side wall panel 12 and top plate 11 modules to adapt to pallets of different sizes.

[0038] Exemplarily, this embodiment employs four sidewalls 12 located at the front, rear, left, and right of the top plate 11, respectively. These four sidewalls 12 enclose the top plate 11 to form a receiving cavity. The top plate 11 and the drive plate 20 can be spaced apart and relatively fixed by studs or optical shafts 314. The tray used in the tray negative pressure palletizing machine of this embodiment can be used to hold fruits and vegetables such as apples, oranges, kiwis, or tomatoes.

[0039] Please refer to the following: Figures 3 to 7 In some embodiments, the drive mechanism 30 includes a drive unit 31 mounted on the drive plate 20. Each drive unit 31 is connected to a corresponding side wall plate 12, and the drive unit 31 is used to drive the corresponding side wall plate 12 to move relative to the top plate 11. The drive units 31 are located on the same surface of the drive plate 20, or they are located on the top and bottom surfaces of the drive plate 20.

[0040] Understandably, this application provides two ways of arranging the drive units 31. The first way is to install all the drive units 31 on the same plane of the drive plate 20, for example, all of them on the bottom or top surface. The second way is to arrange the drive units 31 in layers, for example, placing the drive units 31 responsible for forward and backward movement on the bottom surface of the drive plate 20, and placing the drive units 31 responsible for left and right movement on the top surface of the drive plate 20.

[0041] To be more easily understood, the embodiments of this application provide selectivity and flexibility in the specific configuration of the overall structure of the tray negative pressure palletizer 100. Placing all drive units 31 on the same plane can make the structure more flat and easier to maintain. Distributing the drive units 31 on the top and bottom surfaces can achieve a more compact layout on the top and bottom surfaces, effectively avoiding spatial interference between movement mechanisms in different directions, and can further reduce the size of the drive plate 20 to accommodate smaller tray sizes.

[0042] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the drive mechanism 30 further includes a mounting bracket 32, a drive motor 33, and a drive gear 34. The mounting bracket 32 ​​is connected to the drive plate 20, the drive motor 33 is mounted on the mounting bracket, and the drive gear 34 is connected to and driven by the drive motor 33.

[0043] The drive unit 31 includes a rack 311, a connecting seat 312, a guide seat 313, and an optical shaft 314. The rack 311 is connected to the connecting seat 312 and meshes with a corresponding drive gear 34. The guide seat 313 is connected to the drive plate 20 and has a guide hole. The optical shaft 314 passes through the guide hole. One end of the optical shaft 314 is connected to the connecting seat 312, and the other end of the optical shaft 314 is connected to a corresponding side wall plate 12.

[0044] Understandably, the drive motor 33 is fixed to the drive plate 20 via the mounting bracket 32, and the power of the drive motor 33 is transmitted to the meshing rack 311 via the drive gear 34. The rack 311 is fixed to the connecting seat 312, and the other end of the connecting seat 312 is connected to the optical shaft 314, the end of which is connected to the side wall plate 12. Simultaneously, the optical shaft 314 passes through the guide seat 313 fixed to the drive plate 20, and is guided by the guide seat 313. This embodiment of the application achieves precise control of the opening and closing action of the side wall plate 12 through the above-described configuration, ensuring the smoothness of the clamping action and the repeatability of the positioning accuracy.

[0045] In other embodiments, a single drive motor 33 may drive a single or multiple drive gears 34. A single drive gear 34 may drive a single rack 311 or two racks 311 that move relative to each other. No limitation is made here.

[0046] In some embodiments, the racks 311 of at least two drive units 31 move in opposite directions, and the two racks 311 moving in opposite directions mesh with the same drive gear 34.

[0047] Understandably, two racks 311 moving in opposite directions, for example, racks 311 controlling two opposite sidewalls 12 (front and rear sidewalls 12) respectively, mesh with the same drive gear 34, so that only one drive motor 33 can realize the synchronous and symmetrical movement of the two opposite sidewalls 12 towards or away from each other, simplifying the drive system and control logic, reducing costs, and ensuring that the pallet always stays centered during clamping or release, thus ensuring the stability and accuracy of clamping.

[0048] Please refer to the following: Figure 3 and Figure 8 In some embodiments, the mounting bracket 32 ​​includes two support feet 321, each support foot 321 having a guide block 322 extending into the area between the two support feet 321. The tooth structure of the rack 311 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the side of the rack 311 facing away from the tooth structure has a limiting guide groove 3112 extending in the length direction. The drive gear 34 and the rack 311 meshing with the drive gear 34 are both located between the two support feet 321. The guide block 322 is received in the limiting guide groove 3112 and abuts against the bottom surface of the limiting guide groove 3112.

[0049] Understandably, a limiting guide groove 3112 extending along the length of the rack 311 is provided on the side of the rack 311 away from the tooth structure. Simultaneously, a guide block 322 is provided on the mounting bracket 32 ​​fixed to the drive plate 20. This guide block 322 is precisely accommodated within the limiting guide groove 3112 and abuts against the bottom of the groove, providing stable and reliable support and guidance for the linear movement of the rack 311. The cooperation between the guide block 322 and the limiting guide groove 3112 effectively prevents the rack 311 from twisting or swaying during force-bearing movement, while also sharing part of the load, ensuring the smoothness and durability of the rack 311 transmission.

[0050] Please refer to the following: Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the tooth structure of the rack 311 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the drive unit 31 also includes a limiting guide 315, a first cam follower 316 and a second cam follower 317.

[0051] The limiting guide 315 is connected to the drive plate 20. The limiting guide 315 includes a limiting guide portion 3151, which extends along the length of the optical axis 314 and is located on the side of the rack 311 away from its tooth structure. A first cam follower 316 is connected to the rack 311 and is disposed on one of the surfaces adjacent to the tooth structure of the rack 311. The first cam follower 316 abuts against the limiting guide portion 3151. A second cam follower 317 is connected to the limiting guide portion 3151 and abuts against a corresponding rack 311 and is located below the corresponding rack 311.

[0052] Understandably, the side of the rack 311 abuts against a fixed limiting guide 315 via a first cam follower 316 to constrain its horizontal movement. Simultaneously, the rack 311 is supported from below by a second cam follower 317 mounted on the limiting guide 315 to constrain its vertical movement. This embodiment reduces the frictional resistance of the rack 311 during movement by replacing the sliding friction between the guide block 322 and the limiting guide groove 3112 with the rolling friction of the cam follower.

[0053] In some embodiments, the limiting guide 315 is an L-shaped structural member, and the limiting guide portion 3151 is a portion of the L-shaped structural member that is perpendicular to the drive plate 20.

[0054] Please see Figure 9 In some embodiments, the drive unit 31 includes a cylinder 318, the cylinder body 3181 of the cylinder 318 is mounted on the drive plate 20, and the piston rod 3182 of the cylinder 318 is connected to a corresponding side wall plate 12.

[0055] Understandably, the cylinder body 3181 of cylinder 318 is directly mounted on the drive plate 20, and the piston rod 3182 of cylinder 318 is connected to the corresponding side wall plate 12. The opening and closing of the side wall plate 12 is directly driven by controlling the extension and retraction of cylinder 318. In applications where the requirements for motion speed and position control are not high, using cylinder 318 for drive has the advantages of simple structure, fast response speed, and low cost, which can meet the needs of different application scenarios and increase the scope of application.

[0056] Please review Figure 1 In some embodiments, the bottom of each sidewall panel 12 is provided with a ramp 121 that is inclined toward the receiving cavity, and the ramp 121 is used to support the tray.

[0057] Understandably, the bottom of the side wall panel 12 is provided with an inclined surface 121 that slopes towards the inside of the receiving cavity. When the side wall panels 12 are closed, these inclined surfaces 121 together form a support structure for lifting the pallet, which can effectively support and initially position the edge of the pallet. It can not only stably support the weight of the pallet and prevent it from sliding down, but also guide the pallet to automatically center during the clamping process, thereby enhancing the reliability and stability of the clamping.

[0058] Please refer to the following: Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 10 In some embodiments, the drive plate 20 is provided with a clearance hole 21, the top plate 11 is provided with a mounting hole 111, and the negative pressure module includes a vacuum pump and a vacuum pipe. One end of the vacuum pipe is connected to the vacuum pump, and the other end of the vacuum pipe passes through the clearance hole 21 and is connected to the mounting hole 111, and communicates with the receiving cavity.

[0059] Understandably, after the vacuum pipeline is led out from the vacuum pump, it passes through the clearance hole 21 reserved on the drive plate 20, and then connects to the mounting hole 111 on the top plate 11, and finally connects to the receiving cavity enclosed by the top plate 11 and the side wall plate 12. This allows the vacuum pipeline to be directly connected to the replaceable top plate 11 module, ensuring that the connection of the vacuum system is not affected when replacing the tray adapter, and ensuring effective negative pressure adsorption function.

[0060] Please see Figure 1 On the other hand, embodiments of this application provide a fruit and vegetable sorting device, including a tray negative pressure stacking machine 100 as described in the above embodiments.

[0061] It is understood that this application applies the negative pressure palletizing machine 100 described in the above embodiments to fruit and vegetable sorting equipment, which can significantly improve the automation level and processing capacity of the entire fruit and vegetable sorting production line. The production line can quickly change pallets of different sizes for palletizing or boxing operations according to the packaging requirements of different batches of fruits and vegetables.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it; under the concept of this utility model, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of this utility model as described above. For the sake of brevity, they are not provided in detail; although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A tray negative pressure palletizing machine, characterized in that, include: An opening and closing mechanism includes a top plate and at least four side wall plates, the at least four side wall plates being able to circumferentially surround the top plate to form a receiving cavity for receiving and circumferentially clamping a tray; A drive plate is detachably connected to the top plate and located directly above the top plate, wherein the projection of the drive plate on the top plate is smaller than the outline of the top plate; A drive mechanism is mounted on the drive plate and is detachably connected to each of the side wall panels to drive the opening and closing of the at least four side wall panels. A negative pressure module, connected to the top plate, is used to create negative pressure in the receiving cavity when the receiving cavity receives the tray.

2. The tray negative pressure palletizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving mechanism includes a driving unit mounted on the driving plate. Each driving unit is connected to a corresponding side wall plate. The driving unit is used to drive the corresponding side wall plate to move relative to the top plate. The driving units are disposed on the same side of the driving plate, or the driving units are disposed on the top and bottom surfaces of the driving plate.

3. The tray negative pressure palletizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism further includes a mounting bracket, a drive motor, and a drive gear. The mounting bracket is connected to the drive plate, the drive motor is mounted on the mounting bracket, and the drive gear is connected to and driven by the drive motor. The drive unit includes a rack, a connecting seat, a guide seat, and an optical shaft. The rack is connected to the connecting seat and meshes with a corresponding drive gear. The guide seat is connected to the drive plate and has a guide hole. The optical shaft passes through the guide hole. One end of the optical shaft is connected to the connecting seat, and the other end of the optical shaft is connected to a corresponding sidewall plate.

4. The tray negative pressure palletizer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The racks of at least two of the drive units move in opposite directions, and the two racks moving in opposite directions mesh with the same drive gear.

5. The tray negative pressure palletizer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting bracket includes two support legs, each support leg having a guide block extending into the area between the two support legs. The rack has a tooth structure parallel to a horizontal plane, and a limiting guide groove extending in the length direction is provided on the side of the rack away from its tooth structure. The drive gear and the rack meshing with the drive gear are both located between the two support legs. The guide block is received in the limiting guide groove and abuts against the bottom surface of the limiting guide groove.

6. The tray negative pressure palletizer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tooth structure of the rack is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the drive unit further includes: A limiting guide is connected to the drive plate. The limiting guide includes a limiting guide portion that extends along the length of the optical axis and is located on the side of the rack away from its tooth structure. A first cam follower is connected to the rack and disposed on one of the surfaces adjacent to the tooth structure of the rack. The first cam follower abuts against the limiting guide portion. The second cam follower is connected to the limiting guide, and the second cam follower abuts against a corresponding rack and is located below the corresponding rack.

7. The tray negative pressure palletizer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive unit includes a cylinder, the cylinder body of which is mounted on the drive plate, and the piston rod of which is connected to a corresponding side wall plate.

8. The tray negative pressure palletizer according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the sidewall panels has a slope at its bottom that is inclined toward the receiving cavity, the slope being used to support the tray.

9. The tray negative pressure palletizer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive plate is provided with a clearance hole, the top plate is provided with a mounting hole, the negative pressure module includes a vacuum pump and a vacuum pipe, one end of the vacuum pipe is connected to the vacuum pump, and the other end of the vacuum pipe passes through the clearance hole and is connected to the mounting hole, and communicates with the receiving cavity.

10. A fruit and vegetable sorting device, characterized in that, Including the tray negative pressure stacking machine as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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