A shield machine blade cylinder without stopping changing tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of not stopping machine changing sword's shield machine scraper cylinder, without stopping machine can switch spare scraper to working position. Mainly including sword cylinder shell, frame, driving motor, transmission system, driving shaft, scraper displacement turntable, brake and mudguard. Sword cylinder shell is located device outside, it is fixedly connected with shield machine cutterhead, frame is fixedly arranged in sword cylinder shell inside;Driving motor is longitudinally placed in sword cylinder shell inside;Driving motor power output end is connected with transmission system, transmission system connects driving shaft;Driving shaft one end connects scraper displacement turntable, and multiple groups of scraper are installed on it;Driving shaft other end connects brake;Driving motor and brake are fixedly installed on frame. The utility model device realizes not stopping machine changing sword, avoids artificial dangerous operation, greatly shortens sword changing time, improves the continuity of shield machine in soft soil, fully weathered rock and so on stratum excavation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel boring machines, specifically a cutter barrel for shield tunneling machines that allows for cutter replacement without stopping the machine. Background Technology

[0002] The scraper on the cutterhead of the tunnel boring machine is the core cutting component that comes into direct contact with the rock and soil at the tunnel face. Its core function is to scrape, cut, and peel off loose or soft strata such as soil and gravel by rotating the cutterhead, breaking the rock and soil at the tunnel face into small pieces. At the same time, it works in conjunction with the roller cutter (for hard rock strata) or other cutters on the cutterhead to complete the rock and soil excavation operation, providing a foundation for the tunnel boring machine to advance forward. Scraper blades are prone to wear due to long-term friction with soil and rock and the impact loads they withstand. Replacing the blades requires stopping the machine and reinforcing the tunnel face, such as grouting and maintaining air / earth pressure balance. Then, personnel must enter the high-risk work area through the tunnel boring machine's (TBM) personnel cabin or cutterhead opening. Within this confined space, workers must remove the worn blades, replace them with new ones, and complete tightening and calibration. This entire process is not only cumbersome and risky, but a single blade replacement typically takes several hours to several days, directly causing interruptions in tunnel boring and severely delaying the construction schedule. Furthermore, the costs of labor for blade replacement, procurement of new blades, tunnel face reinforcement materials, and equipment downtime significantly increase project construction costs. In recent years, TBM construction has increasingly focused on long-distance tunneling, thus creating an urgent need for a TBM scraper blade cylinder that allows for non-stop blade replacement, enabling continuous operation under various conditions such as great depth and high water pressure.

[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of the present invention, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art. Utility Model Content

[0004] The scrapers on the cutterhead of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) are prone to wear due to long-term friction with soil and rock and impact loads. The scraper replacement process is cumbersome and risky, significantly increasing project construction costs. The purpose of this invention is to address the pain points of traditional scraper replacement methods, which require stopping the machine to reinforce the tunnel face and personnel entering high-risk confined spaces. By integrating multiple sets of spare scrapers, a rotary drive mechanism, and a locking mechanism within the cutterhead, the spare scrapers can be switched to the working position without stopping the TBM during continuous tunneling. This avoids dangerous manual labor, significantly shortens scraper replacement time, reduces the impact of tunneling interruptions on the construction schedule, and lowers costs associated with purchasing new scrapers, manual operation, and equipment downtime. This also improves the continuity, safety, and construction efficiency of TBM tunneling in soft soil, completely weathered rock, and other geological formations.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this utility model includes a cutterhead housing, a frame, a drive motor, a transmission system, a drive shaft, a scraper positioning turntable, a brake, and a mudguard. The cutterhead housing is located outside the device and is connected to the tunnel boring machine cutterhead. The frame is fixedly installed inside the cutterhead housing. The drive motor is longitudinally positioned inside the cutterhead housing. The power output end of the drive motor is connected to the transmission system, preferably belt drive or gear drive. The transmission system is connected to the drive shaft. One end of the drive shaft is connected to the scraper positioning turntable, on which multiple sets of scrapers are mounted. The other end of the drive shaft is connected to the brake. Both the drive motor and the brake are fixedly installed on the frame.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has significant advantages and beneficial effects, specifically reflected in the following aspects:

[0007] 1) Cutterhead replacement can be performed safely and without affecting the construction progress, ensuring continuous tunneling and significantly shortening the construction period. The rapid switching between spare and worn cutterheads can be completed without stopping the machine, enabling continuous tunneling over long distances, significantly improving construction efficiency and reducing the risk of project delays.

[0008] 2) Cutterhead replacement can be performed in environments inaccessible to personnel, eliminating the risks of high-risk operations and improving construction safety. Workers are no longer required to enter narrow, high-risk spaces such as the soil chamber or cutterhead, completely avoiding safety hazards such as face collapse and injuries from pressurized operations. Mechanical automation replaces manual risky operations, fundamentally ensuring the safety of construction personnel.

[0009] 3) It can integrate wear detection sensors to monitor the wear status of the scraper in real time, enabling full life-cycle management of the tool. It accurately determines the timing of tool replacement, avoiding damage to the tool head due to excessive wear or resource waste caused by premature tool replacement, thus extending the overall service life of the tool head.

[0010] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, this utility model has other objectives, features, and advantages. The present utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the device of this utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the motion mechanism of this utility model device Figure 1 ;

[0014] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the motion mechanism of this utility model device Figure 2 .

[0015] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0016] 1. Cutter housing; 2. Mudguard; 3. Scraper positioning turntable; 4. Scraper; 5. Drive motor; 6. Small pulley; 7. Large pulley; 8. Drive shaft; 9. Reducer; 10. Transmission belt; 11. Brake caliper; 12. Brake disc. Detailed Implementation

[0017] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other. The present utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate for the embodiments of the utility model described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0020] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0021] The technical solution adopted in this utility model includes a cutterhead housing 1, a frame, a drive motor 5, a transmission system, a drive shaft 8, a scraper positioning turntable 3, a brake, and a mudguard 2. The cutterhead housing is located outside the device and is connected to the tunnel boring machine cutterhead. The frame is fixedly installed inside the cutterhead housing. The drive motor is longitudinally positioned inside the cutterhead housing. The power output end of the drive motor is connected to the transmission system, preferably belt drive or gear drive. The transmission system is connected to the drive shaft. One end of the drive shaft is connected to the scraper positioning turntable, on which multiple sets of scrapers are mounted. The other end of the drive shaft is connected to the brake. The drive motor 5, the transmission system, and the brake are all fixedly installed on the frame.

[0022] In this embodiment, the transmission system adopts a reducer combined with belt drive, and the brake adopts a caliper brake. The overall layout of this utility model is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a cutter barrel housing 1, a frame, a drive motor 5, a transmission system, a drive shaft 8, a scraper positioning turntable 3, a brake, a mudguard 2, and a scraper 4. The transmission system includes a reducer 9, a small pulley 6, a large pulley 7, and a transmission belt 10. The brake includes a brake caliper 11 and a brake disc 12.

[0023] The cutterhead housing 1 is located outside the device and is fixedly mounted on the cutterhead of the tunnel boring machine. A frame is fixedly mounted inside the cutterhead housing, and the drive motor 5, transmission system, and brake are fixedly mounted on the frame. A mudguard 2 is provided at the front end of the cutterhead housing 1. The function of the mudguard 2 is to separate underground mud and sand, reduce soil obstruction around the cutterhead to reduce resistance during cutterhead replacement without shutting down the machine; at the same time, it prevents large amounts of external mud and sand from entering the cutterhead housing 1, thus affecting the transmission system.

[0024] The scraper 4 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the scraper positioning turntable 3, and multiple scraper blades 4 are mounted simultaneously on the outer surface of one scraper positioning turntable 3. In this embodiment, six scraper blades 4 are mounted simultaneously on the outer surface of the scraper positioning turntable 3. The number of scraper positioning turntables 3 is one or more; if there are multiple, these scraper positioning turntables 3 are arranged coaxially and at equal intervals, and are driven to rotate by a transmission system. In this embodiment, the number of scraper positioning turntables 3 is two.

[0025] The motion mechanism of this utility model device is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown. The drive motor 5 is the power source; in this embodiment, a stepper motor with braking function is used. The output end of the drive motor 5 is connected to the input end of the reducer 9, and the output end of the reducer 9 is fixedly connected to the small pulley 6. The transmission ratio of the reducer is 1:5. The small pulley 6 is connected to the large pulley 7 via the conveyor belt 10, and the transmission ratio of the belt drive is 1:3. The large pulley 7 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 8 via a spline. One side of the outer circumference of the drive shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the brake disc 12 via a spline, and the other side is sequentially fixedly connected to two scraper positioning turntables 3 via splines. The brake disc 12 is clamped by the brake caliper 11 to generate braking force, thereby braking the entire transmission system. Six scrapers are evenly installed on the outer circumference of each scraper positioning turntable 3.

[0026] The working principle of the above device is as follows: During the continuous tunneling process of the tunnel boring machine, the brake and brake caliper 11 of the drive motor 5 simultaneously generate braking force to lock the position of the scraper positioning turntable 3; the scraper 4 exposed on the scraper positioning turntable 3 participates in the tunnel boring operation. After a specific period of time, such as 3 hours, the scraper is replaced without stopping the machine. At this time, the brake and brake caliper 11 of the drive motor 5 are released, and the drive motor 5 and the transmission system drive the two scraper positioning turntables 3 to rotate 60 degrees, completing the replacement of the scraper 4 assembly without stopping the machine; repeating the above process, the wear of the scraper 4 caused by the tunnel boring operation can be distributed to the scrapers in different positions, thereby significantly extending the continuous working time of the device unit.

[0027] In this embodiment, the transmission ratio generated by the reducer and belt drive in the transmission system is 1:15; this transmission ratio can generate sufficient torque to enable the scraper displacement turntable 3 to rotate stably during construction.

[0028] Preferably, a protective cover is installed above the transmission system to prevent mud and sand from entering the transmission system.

[0029] Preferably, the inside of the blade housing 1 is equipped with a flushing device to clean the inside of the blade housing 1 and the scraper 4.

[0030] Preferably, the cutter barrel housing 1 is provided with a drainage device to pump water out of the cutter barrel housing 1 in an emergency.

[0031] Preferably, the transmission system can also be implemented by chain drive, producing the same technical effect as belt drive.

[0032] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0033] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0034] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A cutterhead cylinder for a tunnel boring machine that allows for cutterhead replacement without shutting down the machine, characterized in that: It includes a cutter barrel housing (1), a frame, a drive motor (5), a transmission system, a drive shaft (8), a scraper displacement turntable (3), a brake, and a mudguard (2); The cutter barrel housing (1) is located outside the device and is fixedly connected to the cutterhead of the tunnel boring machine. The frame is fixedly installed inside the cutter barrel housing. A mudguard (2) is provided at the front end of the cutter barrel housing (1); The drive motor (5), transmission system and brake are all fixedly mounted on the frame; the drive motor (5) is longitudinally placed inside the cutter barrel housing (1); The power output end of the drive motor (5) is connected to a transmission system; the transmission system is connected to the drive shaft (8); One end of the drive shaft (8) is connected to the scraper shifting turntable (3), and the other end is connected to the brake; Multiple sets of scrapers are installed on the scraper displacement turntable (3).

2. The shield machine cutterhead cylinder with non-stop cutterhead replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission system includes a reducer (9), a small pulley (6), a large pulley (7), and a transmission belt (10); The output end of the reducer (9) is fixedly connected to the small pulley (6); the small pulley (6) is connected to the large pulley (7) through the transmission belt (10), and the large pulley (7) is fixedly connected to the drive shaft (8) through a spline.

3. A shield machine cutterhead cylinder with non-stop cutterhead replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake includes a brake caliper (11) and a brake disc (12).

4. A shield machine cutterhead cylinder with non-stop cutterhead replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the scraper displacement turntable (3) is one or more; If there are multiple scraper displacement turntables (3), these scraper displacement turntables (3) are arranged coaxially and at equal intervals.

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