A condenser water replenishment system
By mixing high-temperature steam condensate and makeup water in the condenser, and using the waste heat of the steam condensate to heat the condenser makeup water, the problem of high energy consumption in traditional heating methods is solved, and energy cascade utilization and efficiency improvement are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521431060.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-07-08
AI Technical Summary
Traditional condenser water supply methods require heating the water temperature to above 80°C, consuming a large amount of extracted steam or electric heating energy, resulting in increased coal consumption and low energy utilization efficiency.
High-temperature steam condensate is mixed with condenser makeup water, and the waste heat of the steam condensate is used to heat the condenser makeup water. Energy cascade utilization is achieved through the mixed heating components.
This reduces the heating energy consumption of condenser makeup water, improves power generation efficiency, reduces coal consumption, and enhances energy utilization efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224681305U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of steam turbine technology, and more specifically, to a condenser makeup water system. Background Technology
[0002] In the power industry, the condenser is a crucial component of the steam turbine. It exchanges heat with the turbine exhaust steam through a cooling medium (such as circulating water), condensing the steam into liquid water and maintaining a vacuum. This process reduces turbine back pressure and improves cycle thermal efficiency. However, during operation, the condenser's water level can drop due to steam-water circulation and steam leakage, requiring makeup water to maintain balance. Traditional makeup water methods require heating the water to over 80°C to avoid thermal shock, consuming significant amounts of extracted steam or electric heating energy, leading to an increase in coal consumption of 1–3 g / kWh and low energy efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0003] This application provides at least one condenser makeup water system that can mix high-temperature steam condensate and condenser makeup water to heat the condenser makeup water using the waste heat of the high-temperature steam condensate. Compared with the traditional method of heating condenser makeup water by steam extraction or electricity, this system can reduce the heating energy consumption of condenser makeup water and improve power generation efficiency.
[0004] This application provides a condenser makeup water system, including: a condenser, a makeup water pipe, and a drain pipe; the outlet end of the makeup water pipe is located inside the condenser, and the makeup water pipe is used to transport condenser makeup water into the condenser; the outlet end of the drain pipe is located inside the condenser, and the drain pipe is used to transport steam drain water into the condenser; the condenser is provided with a tube bundle, a hot well, and a mixing heating assembly; the tube bundle is used to transport a low-temperature fluid to cool the turbine exhaust steam entering the condenser to form condensate; the hot well is used to collect the condensate; the mixing heating assembly is located between the tube bundle and the hot well, and the mixing heating assembly is used to mix the steam drain water and the condenser makeup water to heat the condenser makeup water using the waste heat of the steam drain water.
[0005] In one optional embodiment, the hybrid heating assembly includes a first packing zone and a second packing zone, which are sequentially distributed from the tube bundle to the hot well. The second packing zone and the hot well have an interval for the turbine exhaust steam to pass through. The outlet end of the makeup water pipe is located on the side of the first packing zone away from the second packing zone, and the outlet end of the drain pipe is located between the first and second packing zones. When the condenser makeup water flows through the first packing zone, the flash steam from the steam drain preheats the condenser makeup water in the first packing zone to form mixed water. When the mixed water flows through the second packing zone, the turbine exhaust steam reheats the mixed water in the second packing zone.
[0006] In one alternative embodiment, both the first packing zone and the second packing zone use corrugated metal packing.
[0007] In one optional embodiment, the hybrid heating assembly further includes an atomizing nozzle disposed on the side of the first packing zone away from the hot well. The atomizing nozzle is connected to the outlet end of the water supply pipe and is used to uniformly spray the condenser water supply into the first packing zone.
[0008] In one optional embodiment, the hybrid heating assembly further includes a diversion plate disposed between the outlet end of the condensate drain pipe and the second packing area. The diversion plate is configured to divert the steam condensate to increase the contact area between the steam condensate and the low-pressure environment.
[0009] In one optional embodiment, the diversion plate is a U-shaped groove plate, and the diversion plate is uniformly provided with a plurality of holes / grooves, which are used to disperse the vapor hydrophobicity into multiple fine streams flowing toward the second packing area.
[0010] In one optional embodiment, the drainage pipe is provided with a steam regulating valve, a steam heater, and a drainage regulating valve. The steam heater is used to form steam drainage after the steam releases heat. The steam regulating valve is located upstream of the steam heater to regulate the flow rate of the steam, and the drainage regulating valve is located downstream of the steam heater to regulate the flow rate of the steam drainage.
[0011] In one optional embodiment, the condensate drain pipe is equipped with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, which are used to monitor the pressure and temperature of the steam condensate in real time, so that the controller can adjust the opening of the steam regulating valve and the condensate regulating valve according to the monitoring data.
[0012] In one alternative embodiment, the condensate drain is provided with a water seal, which is used to prevent air inside the condensate from entering the condenser and affecting the condenser vacuum.
[0013] In one alternative embodiment, the drainage pipe is provided with an insulation layer for insulating the drainage pipe.
[0014] The above-mentioned technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects:
[0015] The condenser makeup water system of this application embodiment can mix high-temperature steam condensate and condenser makeup water to heat the condenser makeup water using the waste heat of the high-temperature steam condensate. Compared with the traditional method of heating condenser makeup water by steam extraction or electricity, this system can reduce the heating energy consumption of condenser makeup water and improve power generation efficiency.
[0016] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. These drawings are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. They illustrate embodiments conforming to this application and, together with the specification, serve to explain the technical solutions of this application. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be considered as limiting the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a condenser makeup water system provided in an embodiment of this application is shown;
[0019] In the picture:
[0020] 10. Condenser; 11. Tube bundle; 12. Hot well; 13. First packing zone; 14. Second packing zone; 15. Baffle support pipe; 16. Atomizing nozzle; 17. Diverter plate; 20. Makeup water pipe; 21. Makeup water regulating valve; 30. Drainage pipe; 31. Steam heater; 32. Isolation door; 33. Electric door; 34. Steam regulating valve; 35. Drainage regulating valve; 36. Water seal; 40. Demineralized water makeup header; 50. Auxiliary steam header header. Detailed Implementation
[0021] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.
[0022] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0023] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.
[0024] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
[0025] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0026] refer to Figure 1This application provides a condenser makeup water system, including a condenser 10, a makeup water pipe 20, and a drain pipe 30. The outlet end of the makeup water pipe 20 is located inside the condenser 10, and the makeup water pipe 20 is used to transport condenser makeup water into the condenser 10. The outlet end of the drain pipe 30 is located inside the condenser 10, and the drain pipe 30 is used to transport steam condensate into the condenser 10. The condenser 10 is equipped with a tube bundle 11, a hot well 12, and a mixing heating assembly. The tube bundle 11 is used to transport a low-temperature fluid to cool the turbine exhaust steam entering the condenser 10, causing it to form condensate. The hot well 12 is used to collect the condensate. The mixing heating assembly is located between the tube bundle 11 and the hot well 12, and the mixing heating assembly is used to mix the steam condensate and the condenser makeup water to utilize the waste heat of the steam condensate to heat the condenser makeup water. In other words, while the water supply pipe 20 supplies water to the condenser 10, the drain pipe 30 provides high-temperature steam drain water to the condenser 10. The high-temperature steam drain water mixes with the condenser water inside the condenser 10, utilizing the waste heat of the high-temperature steam drain water to heat the condenser water. Compared to the traditional method of using extracted steam or electric heating to heat the condenser water, this system can reduce the heating energy consumption of the condenser water and improve power generation efficiency.
[0027] In some embodiments, the mixing heating assembly includes a first packing zone 13 and a second packing zone 14, which are installed and fixed by a partition support pipe 15. The first packing zone 13 and the second packing zone 14 are distributed sequentially from the tube bundle 11 to the hot well 12, and there is a gap between the second packing zone 14 and the hot well 12 for turbine exhaust steam to pass through. In a specific configuration, the outlet end of the makeup water pipe 20 is located on the side of the first packing zone 13 away from the second packing zone 14, and the outlet end of the drain pipe 30 is located between the first packing zone 13 and the second packing zone 14. In actual use, condenser makeup water can flow sequentially through the first packing zone 13 and the second packing zone 14 before flowing into the hot well 12. When the condenser makeup water flows through the first packing zone 13, the flash steam of the steam drain (flash steam generated by the sudden pressure drop after the steam drain flows out of the drain pipe 30) preheats the condenser makeup water in the first packing zone 13 and forms mixed water. When the mixed water flows through the second packing zone 14, the turbine exhaust steam further heats the mixed water in the second packing zone 14. In other words, the mixing heating assembly first preheats the condenser feedwater using flash steam with steam condensate, and then further heats the mixed water using turbine exhaust steam. This allows for cascaded energy utilization, ensuring the feedwater reaches saturation temperature and reducing its subcooling. It should be noted that during the preheating process, the flash steam also removes dissolved oxygen from the condenser feedwater, thus improving feedwater quality, protecting the equipment, and extending its service life.
[0028] In some embodiments, both the first packing region 13 and the second packing region 14 employ 100mm thick corrugated metal packing. The corrugated structure increases the vapor-liquid contact area, promotes turbulence, and improves heat transfer efficiency. Of course, in other embodiments, the first packing region 13 and the second packing region 14 can also employ other packing structures, such as ceramic structured packing, plastic honeycomb packing, metal wire mesh packing, or porous foam metal packing.
[0029] In some embodiments, the hybrid heating assembly further includes an atomizing nozzle 16, which is disposed on the side of the first packing zone 13 away from the hot well 12. The atomizing nozzle 16 is connected to the outlet end of the water supply pipe 20 and is used to uniformly spray condenser makeup water onto the first packing zone 13. In specific configurations, multiple atomizing nozzles 16 can be arranged uniformly above the first packing zone 13 along its extension direction. In practical use, the atomizing nozzle 16 is used to uniformly spray condenser makeup water onto the first packing zone 13 so that flash steam uniformly heats the condenser makeup water.
[0030] In some embodiments, the hybrid heating assembly further includes a diversion plate 17, which is disposed between the outlet end of the condensate drain pipe 30 and the second packing region 14. The diversion plate 17 is configured to divert steam condensate to increase the contact area between the steam condensate and the low-pressure environment. For example, the diversion plate 17 is a U-shaped groove plate, and it is uniformly provided with multiple holes / grooves. These holes / grooves disperse the steam condensate into multiple fine streams flowing towards the second packing region 14. When the steam condensate flows onto the diversion plate 17, it is uniformly dispersed on its surface. Simultaneously, the steam condensate can be dispersed into multiple fine streams flowing towards the second packing region 14 through the holes / grooves. This diversion of steam condensate increases the contact area between the steam condensate and the low-pressure environment, thereby accelerating the generation of flash steam and contributing to improved heat exchange efficiency and waste heat recovery efficiency.
[0031] In some embodiments, the inlet end of the makeup water pipe 20 is connected to the demineralized water makeup water header 40. That is, the makeup water pipe is used to divert the demineralized water in the demineralized water makeup water header 40 to make makeup water for the condenser 10.
[0032] In some embodiments, the water supply pipe 20 is provided with a water supply regulating valve 21. In actual use, the water supply regulating valve 21 can be used to regulate the water supply flow rate.
[0033] In some embodiments, the inlet end of the condensate drain pipe 30 is connected to the auxiliary steam header main pipe 50. The condensate drain pipe 30 is equipped with a steam heater 31, an isolation door 32, and an electric door 33. In a specific configuration, the isolation door 32 is located upstream of the steam heater 31, and the electric door 33 is located downstream of the steam heater 31. In actual use, by opening the isolation door 32, steam can enter the steam heater 31 from the auxiliary steam header main pipe 50 through the isolation door 32. The steam heater 31 releases heat from the steam (heating the primary and secondary air) to form steam condensate, which then enters the condenser 10 through the electric door 33.
[0034] In some embodiments, the drain pipe 30 is provided with a steam regulating valve 34 and a drain regulating valve 35. Specifically, the steam regulating valve 34 is located at the steam inlet of the steam heater 31 to regulate the steam flow rate, and the drain regulating valve 35 is located at the outlet of the steam heater 31 to regulate the flow rate of the steam drain. In practical use, by controlling the opening of the steam regulating valve 34 and the drain regulating valve 35, the temperature and flow rate of the steam drain can be adjusted to match the heating requirements of the condenser makeup water. For example, by increasing the opening of the steam regulating valve 34, the steam flow rate can be increased to raise the drain temperature; by decreasing the opening of the steam regulating valve 34, the steam flow rate can be decreased to lower the drain temperature; by increasing the opening of the drain regulating valve 35, the drain flow rate can be increased to reduce back pressure and promote flash evaporation and temperature rise; by decreasing the opening of the drain regulating valve 35, the drain flow rate can be decreased to increase back pressure and reduce flash evaporation.
[0035] In some embodiments, the condensate drain pipe 30 is equipped with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, which are used to monitor the pressure and temperature of the steam condensate in real time, so that the controller can adjust the opening of the steam regulating valve 34 and the condensate regulating valve 35 according to the monitoring data. Specifically, the pressure sensor is used to monitor the outlet pressure of the steam heater 31, and the temperature sensor is used to monitor the outlet temperature of the condensate. In actual use, if the condensate temperature is <100°C: the steam regulating valve 34 is opened wider to increase the steam flow and raise the condensate temperature; if the temperature is >150°C: the steam regulating valve 34 is closed to reduce the steam input and avoid overheating; if the pressure of the steam heater 31 is >0.5MPa, the steam regulating valve 34 is interlocked and closed to prevent overpressure; if the condensate temperature is too high (>150°C), the condensate regulating valve 35 is closed to increase the back pressure and reduce the flash evaporation; if the temperature is too low (<80°C), the condensate regulating valve 35 is opened wider to reduce the back pressure and promote flash evaporation and temperature rise.
[0036] In some embodiments, the condensate drain 30 is provided with a water seal 36. Specifically, the water seal 36 consists of multiple U-shaped or stepped water seal structures. In practical use, the water seal 36 can be used to prevent air inside the condensate from entering the condenser 10 and affecting the vacuum of the condenser 10.
[0037] In some embodiments, the drainage pipe 30 is provided with an insulation layer. In practical use, the insulation layer can be used to insulate the drainage pipe 30 to reduce heat loss and thereby improve waste heat utilization efficiency.
[0038] The condenser makeup water system of this application embodiment can mix high-temperature steam condensate and condenser makeup water to heat the condenser makeup water using the waste heat of the high-temperature steam condensate. Compared with the traditional method of heating condenser makeup water by steam extraction or electricity, this system can reduce the heating energy consumption of condenser makeup water and improve power generation efficiency.
[0039] One or more embodiments in this specification are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments in this specification should be included within the protection scope of this application.
[0040] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A condenser makeup water system, characterized in that, include: Condenser, water supply pipes and drain pipes; The outlet end of the water supply pipe is located inside the condenser, and the water supply pipe is used to transport water supply to the condenser. The outlet end of the drain pipe is located inside the condenser, and the drain pipe is used to transport steam condensate into the condenser. The condenser is equipped with a tube bundle, a hot well, and a mixing heating assembly. The tube bundle is used to transport a cryogenic fluid to cool the turbine exhaust steam entering the condenser and cause it to form condensate. The hot well is used to collect the condensate. The mixing heating assembly is located between the tube bundle and the hot well. The mixing heating assembly is used to mix the steam condensate and the condenser makeup water to heat the condenser makeup water using the waste heat of the steam condensate.
2. The condenser makeup water system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hybrid heating assembly includes a first packing zone and a second packing zone, which are distributed sequentially from the tube bundle to the hot well. The second packing zone and the hot well have an interval for the turbine exhaust steam to pass through. The outlet end of the water supply pipe is located on the side of the first filling area away from the second filling area, and the outlet end of the drainage pipe is located between the first filling area and the second filling area. When the condenser makeup water flows through the first packing zone, the flash steam with steam condensation preheats the condenser makeup water in the first packing zone and forms mixed water. When the mixed water flows through the second packing zone, the turbine exhaust steam reheats the mixed water in the second packing zone.
3. The condenser makeup water system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the first packing zone and the second packing zone use corrugated metal packing.
4. The condenser makeup water system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hybrid heating assembly also includes an atomizing nozzle, which is located on the side of the first packing area away from the hot well. The atomizing nozzle is connected to the outlet end of the water supply pipe and is used to uniformly spray the condenser water supply into the first packing area.
5. The condenser makeup water system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hybrid heating assembly also includes a diversion plate, which is disposed between the outlet end of the condensate drain pipe and the second packing area. The diversion plate is configured to divert the steam condensate to increase the contact area between the steam condensate and the low-pressure environment.
6. The condenser makeup water system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diversion plate is a U-shaped groove plate, and the diversion plate is uniformly provided with multiple holes / grooves. The holes / grooves are used to disperse the steam hydrophobicity into multiple fine streams that flow to the second packing area.
7. The condenser makeup water system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage pipe is equipped with a steam regulating valve, a steam heater, and a drainage regulating valve. The steam heater is used to generate steam condensate after the steam releases heat. The steam regulating valve is located upstream of the steam heater to regulate the steam flow rate, and the drainage regulating valve is located downstream of the steam heater to regulate the steam condensate flow rate.
8. The condenser makeup water system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The drainage pipe is equipped with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, which are used to monitor the pressure and temperature of the steam condensate in real time, so that the controller can adjust the opening of the steam regulating valve and the drainage regulating valve according to the monitoring data.
9. The condenser makeup water system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drain pipe is equipped with a water seal, which is used to prevent air from entering the condenser and affecting the condenser vacuum.
10. The condenser makeup water system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage pipe is provided with an insulation layer, which is used to keep the drainage pipe warm.