A high-precision measuring device for the bonding force of a laser cladding layer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of high-precision measuring devices of laser cladding layer bonding force, including the pressure head and clamping base of two relatively movable, clamping base is equipped with the guide groove compatible with pressure head, at least one side wall of guide groove is guide wall, guide wall is equipped with the clamping assembly for clamping test block, the side of pressure head is equipped with the shear cutter matched with guide wall;It also includes the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism that can be placed into guide groove and removed, test block auxiliary clamping mechanism overall is compatible with guide groove, test block auxiliary clamping mechanism includes the test block end limit part towards clamping assembly.The high-precision measuring device of laser cladding layer bonding force provided by the utility model, simple structure, easy to operate, can realize the direct precision test of laser cladding layer bonding strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of material mechanical property testing technology, and in particular to a high-precision measuring device for the bonding force of laser cladding layers. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cladding technology, as an advanced surface modification and repair technology, has been widely used in aerospace, machinery manufacturing, petrochemical and other fields. The bonding force between the laser cladding layer and the substrate is a key indicator for measuring cladding quality, and its magnitude directly affects the performance and lifespan of the clad part. During laser cladding, the cladding layer typically forms a metallurgical bond with the substrate through rapid solidification. This interface bonding is strong and has high strength, making conventional methods for testing coating bonding performance (such as pull-out and indentation methods) difficult to apply effectively in such systems, often failing to accurately reflect the actual interface bonding condition. While some new testing methods, such as shearing and scraping methods, can effectively characterize the bonding strength to some extent, they still have some shortcomings in practical applications. These include complex test structures, difficulty in precisely controlling the loading direction, inconvenient clamping, and limited applicability of sample size specifications, leading to low experimental repeatability, inconvenient data acquisition, and unreliable test results. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-precision measuring device for the bonding strength of laser cladding layers. It has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and can achieve direct and precise testing of the bonding strength of laser cladding layers.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a high-precision measuring device for the bonding force of laser cladding layers, comprising a pressure head and a clamping base that can move relative to each other. The clamping base is provided with a guide groove adapted to the pressure head, at least one side wall of the guide groove is a guide wall, and a clamping assembly for clamping a test block is provided on the guide wall. A shearing blade that cooperates with the guide wall is provided on the side of the pressure head. It also includes a test block auxiliary clamping mechanism that can be placed into the guide groove and removed. The test block auxiliary clamping mechanism is adapted to the guide groove as a whole, and the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism includes a test block end limiting part facing the clamping assembly.

[0005] As a further improvement of this utility model, the pressure head is provided with a first positioning structure, and the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism includes a second positioning structure, with the first positioning structure and the second positioning structure having a concave-convex fit.

[0006] As a further improvement of this utility model, the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism includes a main body, which is adapted to the guide groove, and the end limiting part of the test block is connected to the main body of the mechanism through a limiting part position adjustment structure.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, the end limiting part of the test block and the main body of the mechanism are slidably fitted together along the direction in which the test block passes through the clamping assembly; the main body of the auxiliary clamping mechanism for the test block includes a first main body and a second main body that are fixed to each other, and the end limiting part of the test block is located between the first main body and the second main body; the first main body is close to the pressure head, the second main body is far from the pressure head, and a clearance groove is provided on the side wall of the second main body, which is adjacent to the guide wall; a scale is provided on the first main body.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, the position adjustment structure of the limiting part includes an operating part and a screw connected to each other. The screw is rotatably connected to the main body of the auxiliary clamping mechanism of the test block. A slider is threadedly connected to the screw, and the slider is linked with the end limiting part of the test block.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the position adjustment structure of the limiting part further includes a connecting rod, one end of which is hinged to the slider, and the other end of which is hinged to the end limiting part of the test block.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the position adjustment structure of the limiting part further includes a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface that slide together. The first inclined surface is disposed on the slider and the second inclined surface is disposed on the end limiting part of the test block.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, at least two side walls of the guide groove are guide walls, each guide wall is arranged around the center of the guide groove, and each guide wall is provided with a clamping assembly.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the side wall of the clamping base is provided with a material picking notch.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the clamping assembly includes a sample pressing block, a first pre-tightening block and a second pre-tightening block, which together clamp the sample block in the middle; the sample pressing block, the first pre-tightening block, the second pre-tightening block and the clamping base are arranged in sequence, and the sample pressing block is connected to the clamping base by a first bolt.

[0014] Beneficial effects

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this utility model's high-precision measurement device for laser cladding bonding force are:

[0016] 1. The test block is fixed to the clamping base by the clamping assembly and protrudes from one side of the guide wall of the guide groove. The protrusion length of the test block is precisely positioned by the end limiting part of the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism. Before shearing, the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism is removed from the guide groove of the clamping base. Under the action of a universal testing machine (or pressure testing machine), the indenter effectively converts the applied axial pressure into shear force acting on the interface between the cladding layer and the substrate of the test block, thereby realizing direct and precise testing of the bonding strength of the laser cladding layer. This device can not only complete the shear failure of the cladding layer, but also adapt to laser cladding samples of different thicknesses and sizes through the first and second pre-tightening blocks of the clamping assembly. It eliminates the need for complex precision machining of the samples, reduces the difficulty of sample preparation, and improves testing efficiency and practicality. This device provides an efficient, repeatable, and highly adaptable testing method for evaluating the quality and analyzing the bonding strength of laser cladding coatings.

[0017] 2. The first positioning structure of the pressure head and the second positioning structure of the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism are in a concave-convex fit. When clamping the test block, the pressure head can restrict the movement of the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism to prevent the test block from protruding from the guide wall due to deviation, thus improving the accuracy of the experiment.

[0018] 3. By adjusting the position between the end limiting part of the test block and the main body of the mechanism, the length of the test block protruding from the guide wall can be changed to adapt to different experimental requirements. Observing the scale on the main body of the first mechanism allows personnel to adjust the position of the end limiting part of the test block in a timely manner.

[0019] 4. In the position adjustment structure of the limiting part, the position of the slider relative to the screw can be adjusted by rotating the screw through the operating part, thereby driving the limiting part at the end of the test block to move. The structure is simple and the adjustment accuracy is high.

[0020] 5. Depending on the requirements, at least two side walls of the guide groove can be set as guide walls. Each guide wall is equipped with a clamping assembly and clamps different sample blocks. When the pressure head is pressed down, at least two sample blocks can be sheared at the same time, which improves the experimental efficiency.

[0021] 6. The material removal notch on the side wall of the clamping base makes it easy for personnel to remove the cut-off test block.

[0022] The present invention will become clearer from the following description and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is an assembly diagram of the high-precision measurement device for the adhesion force of the laser cladding layer in Example 1;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism of Example 1;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of the working state of the high-precision measuring device for the adhesion force of the laser cladding layer in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a front view of the working state of the high-precision measuring device for laser cladding bonding force in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the location of the laser cladding layer between the pressure head and the test block in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 6 This is an assembly diagram of the high-precision measuring device for the adhesion force of the laser cladding layer in Example 2;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional view of the working state of the high-precision measuring device for the adhesion force of the laser cladding layer in Example 2;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism in Example 2;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the slider and screw in Example 2;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the main body of the auxiliary clamping mechanism for the test block in Example 2;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional view of the end limiting part of the test block. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] The specific embodiments of this utility model are as follows: Figures 1 to 5As shown, a high-precision measuring device for the bonding force of laser cladding layers includes a pressure head 1 and a clamping base 2 that are movable relative to each other. The clamping base 2 is fixed on a platform. The top of the pressure head 1 is assembled and fixed to the pressure rod of a universal testing machine (or pressure testing machine) through a pin hole. The pressure head 1 can move up and down, moving from top to bottom towards the clamping base 2. The clamping base 2 is provided with a guide groove 20 adapted to the pressure head 1. The horizontal cross-section of the guide groove 20 is square. The two oppositely arranged side walls (e.g., left and right side walls) of the guide groove 20 are guide walls 21. Each guide wall 21 is provided with a clamping assembly 4 for clamping a test block 5. The clamping assembly 4 does not protrude from the guide wall 21. The left and right sides of the pressure head 1 are provided with shearing blades 11 that cooperate with the left and right guide walls 21 respectively. The horizontal gap between the shearing blades 11 and the guide walls 21 is 0.2 mm. The measuring device also includes a test block auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 that can be placed into and removed from the guide groove 20. The test block auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 is adapted to the guide groove 20 as a whole, and includes a test block end limiting part 33 facing the clamping assembly 4. The pressure head 1 simultaneously shears two test blocks 5 using two symmetrical shearing blades 11, subjecting them to simultaneous vertical or horizontal forces. The resultant force during loading by the universal testing machine (or pressure testing machine) is symmetrically distributed, and the bending moments cancel each other out, ensuring that the coating only bears pure shear force and avoiding interference from additional stress. Symmetrical shearing makes the force path clear and the deformation of the test blocks 5 consistent, making the test results more representative and comparable. Shearing only a single test block 5 may result in large data dispersion due to issues such as off-center loading and tilting. Currently, most shear strength testing methods emphasize "pure shear" conditions. Symmetrical shearing of the test block 5 is closer to this ideal state, making the results easier to compare with other studies and improving the scientific rigor of the experiment.

[0038] The pressure head 1 is provided with a first positioning structure 12, and the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 includes a second positioning structure 311. The first positioning structure 12 and the second positioning structure 311 are in a concave-convex fit. In this embodiment, the first positioning structure 12 of the pressure head 1 has a vertical cross-section that is a downwardly convex triangle, and the second positioning structure 311 of the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 has a vertical cross-section that is a downwardly concave triangle.

[0039] The test block auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 includes a main body that is adapted to the guide groove 20, with an assembly gap of approximately 0.05 mm between them. The end limiting part 33 of the test block is connected to the main body of the mechanism via a limiting part position adjustment structure 35.

[0040] The main body of the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 can accommodate multiple sets of slots to allow the end-limiting part 33 of the test block to be installed in multiple different positions. The end-limiting part 33 of the test block is inserted into the corresponding slot. However, this method cannot steplessly adjust the distance between the end-limiting part 33 of the test block and the guide wall 21. Therefore, in this embodiment, the end-limiting parts 33 of the left and right test blocks are slidably engaged with the main body of the mechanism along the direction in which the test block 5 passes through the clamping assembly 4. The main body of the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 includes a first main body 31 and a second main body 32 that are fixed relative to each other. The first main body 31 is located above the second main body 32, and the end-limiting part 33 of the test block is located between the first main body 31 and the second main body 32. The first main body 31 is close to the pressure head 1, and the second main body 32 is away from the pressure head 1. The side wall of the second main body 32 is provided with a clearance groove 321, which is adjacent to the guide wall 21. When the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 is removed from the guide groove 20 of the clamping base 2, the test block 5 passes through the clearance groove 321 and will not come into contact with the second mechanism body 32, thus avoiding interference. The first mechanism body 31 is provided with a horizontally arranged scale 34. By observing the scale 34, it is convenient for personnel to adjust the position of the end limiting part 33 of the test block in a timely manner.

[0041] In this embodiment, the left and right side walls of the first mechanism body 31 are both limiting side walls 312, which are adjacent to the guide wall 21 and are fitted with a clearance between them. The second positioning structure 311 is disposed on the top of the first mechanism body 31.

[0042] The first mechanism body 31 has a first sliding groove at its bottom and the second mechanism body 32 has a second sliding groove 322 at its top. The first sliding groove and the second sliding groove 322 are parallel. The end limiting part 33 of the test block is plate-shaped, with its upper end slidingly engaged with the first sliding groove of the first mechanism body 31 and its lower end slidingly engaged with the second sliding groove 322 of the second mechanism body 32.

[0043] The limiting part position adjustment structure 35 includes an operating part 352 connected to it and a vertically arranged screw 351. The screw 351 is rotatably connected to the main body of the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism 3. A slider 353 is threadedly connected to the screw 351, and the slider 353 is linked with the end limiting part 33 of the test block. In this embodiment, the first mechanism body 31 and the second mechanism body 32 are separated from each other. Since the two ends of the screw 351 are rotatably connected to the first mechanism body 31 and the second mechanism body 32 respectively, and the upper and lower ends of the end limiting part 33 of the test block are slidably connected to the first mechanism body 31 and the second mechanism body 32 respectively, the first mechanism body 31 and the second mechanism body 32 can be relatively fixed.

[0044] In this embodiment, the limiting part position adjustment structure 35 also includes two connecting rods 354 arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides. One end of the connecting rod 354 is hinged to the slider 353, and the other end of the connecting rod 354 is hinged to the end limiting part 33 of the test block. When it is necessary to adjust the position of the end limiting part 33 of the test block, the operator rotates the operating part 352 by hand and drives the screw 351 to rotate, which allows the slider 353 to move up and down, thereby causing the connecting rod 354 to swing and drive the end limiting part 33 of the test block to translate. By adjusting the horizontal distance between the outer end face of the end limiting part 33 of the test block and the limiting sidewall 312, the length of the test block 5 to be cut can be selected.

[0045] The clamping base 2 has a material removal notch 22 on its side wall, which is located directly below the clamping assembly 4. The material removal notch 22 allows personnel to easily remove the cut test block.

[0046] In this embodiment, the clamping assembly 4 includes a sample clamping block 41, a first pre-tightening block 42, and a second pre-tightening block 43. The bottom surface of the first pre-tightening block 42 and the top surface of the second pre-tightening block 43 are both provided with crimping grooves adapted to the sidewalls of the strip-shaped sample block 5. The first pre-tightening block 42 and the second pre-tightening block 43 together clamp the sample block 5 in the middle through the crimping grooves. The sample clamping block 41, the first pre-tightening block 42, the second pre-tightening block 43, and the clamping base 2 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The sample clamping block 41 is connected to the clamping base 2 by a first bolt 44. The crimping groove contours of the first pre-tightening block 42 and the second pre-tightening block 43 of different specifications are different; therefore, by replacing the first pre-tightening block 42 and the second pre-tightening block 43 with different specifications, sample blocks 5 with different cross-sectional dimensions can be clamped.

[0047] During the experiment, the clamping base 2 is installed on the platform. First, the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 is placed downward into the guide groove 20 of the clamping base 2. The bottom of the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 can be supported by the platform, allowing the pressure head 1 to press down, so that the first positioning structure 12 of the pressure head 1 and the second positioning structure 311 of the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 engage, thereby positioning the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 using the pressure head 1. Then, the strip-shaped test block 5 is fixed on the clamping assembly 4, with one end of the test block 5 abutting against the test block end limiting part 33 of the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism 3. Next, the pressure head 1 is raised, and the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 is removed and moved away. Then, the pressure head 1 is lowered again, and the shearing blade 11 of the pressure head 1 cuts downward the part of the test block 5 that protrudes from the guide wall 21, cutting the laser cladding layer 6 of the test block 5 (e.g., Figure 5 As shown in the diagram, the cut-off test block 5 can be removed by personnel from the material removal notch 22. This device features the ability to measure the thickness of the sheared coating, making the shear strength data more accurate and comparative. It also reveals the impact of thickness on bonding performance and failure modes, providing a reliable basis for subsequent process optimization and engineering applications.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] like Figure 6-11 As shown, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the limiting part position adjustment structure 35 does not use a connecting rod 354. The limiting part position adjustment structure 35 includes a first inclined surface 355 and a second inclined surface 331 that slide together. Both the first inclined surface 355 and the second inclined surface 331 form an angle with the horizontal plane. The first inclined surface 355 is disposed on the slider 353, and the second inclined surface 331 is disposed on the end limiting part 33 of the test block. The slider 353 does not rotate relative to the end limiting part 33 of the test block.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first inclined surface 355 is disposed on the dovetail block of the slider 353, and the second inclined surface 331 is disposed in the dovetail groove of the end limiting part 33 of the test block. The dovetail block of the slider 353 is slidably connected to the dovetail groove of the end limiting part 33 of the test block, ensuring that the first inclined surface 355 and the second inclined surface 331 remain in contact when the slider 353 rises or falls. Alternatively, instead of using the sliding engagement of the dovetail block and the dovetail groove, a horizontally arranged spring can be disposed between the end limiting part 33 of the test block and the main body of the mechanism (e.g., the first main body 31 of the mechanism), and the spring force can be used to drive the first inclined surface 355 and the second inclined surface 331 to always remain in contact.

[0051] When the rotating operating part 352 drives the screw 351 to rotate, the slider 353 moves up or down. During this process, the first inclined surface 355 and the second inclined surface 331 slide relative to each other, which can cause the end limiting part 33 of the test block to move horizontally relative to the main body of the auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 of the test block, thereby adjusting the horizontal distance between the outer end face of the end limiting part 33 of the test block and the limiting side wall 312.

[0052] The clamping assembly 4 includes a locking screw 45 and a through hole 46 on the clamping base 2. One end of the through hole 46 is located on the guide wall 21. The locking screw 45 is threadedly connected to the clamping base 2, and one end of the locking screw 45 extends into the through hole 46 from the side wall of the through hole 46. When installing the test block 5, the test block 5 is passed through the through hole 46, and then the locking screw 45 is rotated so that one end of the locking screw 45 presses on the test block 5, thus locking the test block 5.

[0053] In addition to the two embodiments described above, the guide groove 20 may also have only one side wall as a guide wall 21, and only the guide wall 21 is provided with the clamping assembly 4; or three side walls may be guide walls 21, and all three guide walls 21 may be provided with the clamping assembly 4.

[0054] The present invention has been described above in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed above, but should cover various modifications and equivalent combinations made in accordance with the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision measuring device for the bonding force of laser cladding layers, characterized in that, The device includes a pressure head (1) and a clamping base (2) that are movable relative to each other. The clamping base (2) is provided with a guide groove (20) that is adapted to the pressure head (1). At least one side wall of the guide groove (20) is a guide wall (21). The guide wall (21) is provided with a clamping assembly (4) for clamping the test block (5). The side of the pressure head (1) is provided with a shearing blade (11) that cooperates with the guide wall (21). The device also includes a test block auxiliary clamping mechanism (3) that can be placed into the guide groove (20) and removed. The test block auxiliary clamping mechanism (3) is adapted to the guide groove (20) as a whole. The test block auxiliary clamping mechanism (3) includes a test block end limiting part (33) facing the clamping assembly (4).

2. The high-precision measuring device for the bonding force of laser cladding layers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure head (1) is provided with a first positioning structure (12), and the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism (3) includes a second positioning structure (311). The first positioning structure (12) and the second positioning structure (311) are in concave-convex fit.

3. The high-precision measuring device for the bonding force of laser cladding layers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test block auxiliary clamping mechanism (3) includes a main body, which is adapted to the guide groove (20), and the end limiting part (33) of the test block is connected to the main body through the limiting part position adjustment structure (35).

4. The high-precision measuring device for the bonding force of laser cladding layers according to claim 3, characterized in that, The test block end limiting part (33) and the main body of the mechanism slide together in the direction that the test block (5) passes through the clamping assembly (4); the main body of the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism (3) includes a first main body (31) and a second main body (32) that are fixed to each other, and the test block end limiting part (33) is located between the first main body (31) and the second main body (32); the first main body (31) is close to the pressure head (1), the second main body (32) is far away from the pressure head (1), and a clearance groove (321) is provided on the side wall of the second main body (32), which is adjacent to the guide wall (21); a scale (34) is provided on the first main body (31).

5. The high-precision measuring device for the bonding force of laser cladding layers according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting part position adjustment structure (35) includes an operating part (352) and a screw (351) connected to each other. The screw (351) is rotatably connected to the main body of the test block auxiliary clamping mechanism (3). A slider (353) is threadedly connected to the screw (351). The slider (353) is linked with the end limiting part (33) of the test block.

6. The high-precision measuring device for the bonding force of laser cladding layers according to claim 5, characterized in that, The position adjustment structure (35) of the limiting part also includes a connecting rod (354), one end of the connecting rod (354) is hinged to the slider (353), and the other end of the connecting rod (354) is hinged to the end limiting part (33) of the test block.

7. The high-precision measuring device for the bonding force of laser cladding layers according to claim 5, characterized in that, The limiting part position adjustment structure (35) further includes a first inclined surface (355) and a second inclined surface (331) that slide together. The first inclined surface (355) is disposed on the slider (353), and the second inclined surface (331) is disposed on the end limiting part (33) of the test block.

8. The high-precision measuring device for the bonding force of laser cladding layers according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least two side walls of the guide groove (20) are guide walls (21), each guide wall (21) is arranged around the center of the guide groove (20), and each guide wall (21) is provided with a clamping assembly (4).

9. The high-precision measuring device for the bonding force of laser cladding layers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping base (2) has a material picking notch (22) on its side wall.

10. The high-precision measuring device for the bonding force of laser cladding layers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly (4) includes a sample pressing block (41), a first pre-tightening block (42), and a second pre-tightening block (43). The first pre-tightening block (42) and the second pre-tightening block (43) are used together to clamp the sample block (5) in the middle. The sample pressing block (41), the first pre-tightening block (42), the second pre-tightening block (43), and the clamping base (2) are arranged in sequence. The sample pressing block (41) is connected to the clamping base (2) by a first bolt (44).

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