Unit brake bushing automatic dismounting tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a unit brake bushing automation dismounting frock relates to bushing dismounting equipment technical field, including frock installation main part, frock installation main part is installed with first linear telescopic device and second linear telescopic device, and first linear telescopic device is fixed in one end of second linear telescopic device, and second linear telescopic device is used to drive first linear telescopic device to move linearly reciprocating, and first linear telescopic device is fixedly connected with a telescopic moving plate, and the one end away from first linear telescopic device of telescopic moving plate is equipped with open-close dog -claw, and the telescopic end of first linear telescopic device is fixedly connected with a dog -claw drive part, when dog -claw drive part moves to the first end of open-close dog -claw, the second end of open-close dog -claw can open, and when the second end of open-close dog -claw opens, can be used for the bushing of pulling out to be stuck. The utility model discloses can pull out bushing mechanically automatically, will not cause damage to part, and reduced the labor intensity of worker.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of bushing disassembly equipment, and in particular to an automated disassembly tooling for unit brake bushings. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial component of the braking system and running gear, the failure rate of the locomotive unit brake is increasing year by year. During the independent maintenance of the unit brake, the problem of difficult bushing removal is encountered: the bushing is made of nylon and non-metallic polymer (with good hardness). After applying grease, it is pressed into a recessed circular hole groove made of metal material. It is an interference fit. The bottom of the bushing is only 3mm away from the hole groove, making it impossible to disassemble.

[0003] During the trial repair, maintenance personnel attempted to use a tapping tool to damage the inner wall material of the bushing and forcibly pull it out using the static friction of the screw pair, or to pry it off with sharp tools such as a flathead screwdriver. However, these methods of forceful removal were not ideal. Using brute force to disassemble the bushing poses certain occupational safety hazards, is inefficient, and easily damages the workpiece end face. For example, the standard for judging the use of brake components in the measurement unit requires a distance of ≥185.5mm between two bushings; rough handling can cause end face damage, thus affecting measurement errors.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for an automated disassembly tool for unit brake bushings to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automated disassembly tool for unit brake bushings to solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve the efficiency of bushing removal, reduce the labor intensity of workers, and prevent damage to components.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution: This utility model discloses an automated disassembly fixture for unit brake bushings, including a fixture mounting body. A first linear telescopic device and a second linear telescopic device are mounted on the fixture mounting body. The first linear telescopic device is fixed to one end of the second linear telescopic device. The second linear telescopic device drives the first linear telescopic device to perform linear reciprocating movement. A telescopic moving plate is fixedly connected to the first linear telescopic device. An opening and closing pawl is provided at the end of the telescopic moving plate away from the first linear telescopic device. A pawl driving component is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first linear telescopic device. When the pawl driving component moves to the first end of the opening and closing pawl, the second end of the opening and closing pawl can open, and the open second end of the opening and closing pawl can be used to clamp the bushing to be pulled out.

[0007] Preferably, the opening and closing claw includes two claw units, which are hinged together on the same hinge shaft. The lower end of the hinge shaft is fixed to the telescopic moving plate, and a tension spring is connected between the two claw units.

[0008] Preferably, a rolling element is mounted on the first end of each of the said claw units.

[0009] Preferably, each of the claw units has a bushing plate at its second end.

[0010] Preferably, both the first linear telescopic device and the second linear telescopic device are cylinders.

[0011] Preferably, a first stop seat is fixed on the tooling installation body, the telescopic end of the second linear telescopic device is fixed on the first stop seat, and the fixed end of the second linear telescopic device is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the first linear telescopic device.

[0012] Preferably, the tooling installation body is provided with a second stop seat and a brake support device. The brake support device and the telescopic moving plate are respectively located on both sides of the second stop seat. The brake support device is used to place the unit brake. The second stop seat is provided with a claw through hole, and the opening and closing claw can pass through the claw through hole.

[0013] Preferably, the brake support device includes a brake slide rail, on which a brake slider is slidably connected. A sliding plate is fixed to the brake slider, and a replacement plate is detachably connected to the upper end of the sliding plate. A brake tray or a brake positioning shaft is fixed on the replacement plate.

[0014] Preferably, the second stop seat has a brake stop on the side near the brake support device, and the brake stop can abut against the unit brake.

[0015] Preferably, the tooling installation body is fixed with a guide rail support, the guide rail support is fixed with a movable plate slide rail, the movable plate slide rail is slidably connected with a movable plate slider, and the movable plate slider is fixed to the lower surface of the telescopic movable plate.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical advantages over the prior art: This invention utilizes a first linear telescopic device to drive the opening and closing claws to open. When the claws are open, they engage with the bushing. Then, a second linear telescopic device pulls the bushing outward, thus removing it. The entire process is mechanical, requiring no manual intervention from workers, effectively reducing labor intensity and improving bushing disassembly efficiency. Furthermore, the removal method is simple and will not cause any damage to related components. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automated disassembly tooling for the unit brake bushing in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the brake support device in the automated disassembly tooling for the unit brake bushing of this utility model embodiment; Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged view of the opening and closing chucks in the automated disassembly tooling for the unit brake bushing of this utility model embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing chucks in the automated disassembly tooling for the unit brake bushing of this utility model embodiment. Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the connection relationship between the unit brake and the bushing in the automated disassembly tooling for the unit brake bushing of this utility model embodiment; In the diagram: 1-Main body of the tooling installation; 2-First linear telescopic device; 3-Second linear telescopic device; 4-Telescopic moving plate; 5-Opening and closing jaw; 501-Jaw unit; 502-Hinge shaft; 503-Rolling element; 504-Bushing plate; 6-Jaw drive component; 7-First stop seat; 8-Second stop seat; 9-Brake support device; 901-Brake slide rail; 902-Brake slider; 903-Sliding plate; 904-Replacement plate; 905-Brake tray; 906-Brake positioning shaft; 10-Brake stop; 11-Guide rail support; 12-Moving plate slide rail; 13-Moving plate slider; 14-Bushing; 15-Unit brake. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automated disassembly tool for unit brake bushings to solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve the efficiency of bushing removal, reduce the labor intensity of workers, and prevent damage to components.

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this utility model provides an automated disassembly fixture for unit brake bushings, including a fixture mounting body 1, which is a support platform or support plate structure. A first linear telescopic device 2 and a second linear telescopic device 3 are mounted on the fixture mounting body 1. The first linear telescopic device 2 is fixed to one end of the second linear telescopic device 3, and the second linear telescopic device 3 drives the first linear telescopic device 2 to perform linear reciprocating movement. A telescopic moving plate 4 is fixedly connected to the first linear telescopic device 2. An opening and closing claw 5 is provided at the end of the telescopic moving plate 4 away from the first linear telescopic device 2, meaning that under the connecting action of the telescopic moving plate 4, the opening and closing claw 5 and the first linear telescopic device 2 can move synchronously under the driving action of the second linear telescopic device 3. A claw driving component 6 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first linear telescopic device 2. Figure 3 As can be seen, the end of the chuck drive 6 near the opening / closing chuck 5 has a tapered structure. When the chuck drive 6 moves to the first end of the opening / closing chuck 5, the second end of the opening / closing chuck 5 can open. The advantage of the tapered structure of the opening / closing chuck 5 is that it can be opened more easily. Figures 4-5 As shown, when the second end of the opening and closing claw 5 opens, it can be used to lock the bushing 14 to be pulled out.

[0023] When it is necessary to remove the bushing 14 on the unit brake 15, first drive the second linear telescopic device 3, which will cause the first linear telescopic device 2 to move towards the unit brake 15. Stop when it reaches the appropriate position. At this time, the position of the opening and closing claw 5 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the second end of the opening / closing claw 5 is located between the bottom of the corresponding slot in the bushing 14 and the unit brake 15 (but at this time the opening / closing claw 5 is in a closed state and not...). Figure 4 (In the open state). Then, the first linear telescopic device 2 is activated, causing it to drive the claw drive 6 to move towards the opening and closing claw 5. During the movement of the claw drive 6, the claw drive 6 will continuously push the opening and closing claw 5 to slowly open, so that the second end of the opening and closing claw 5 is located in the gap between the bushing 14 and the bottom of the corresponding slot in the unit brake 15, just as Figure 4As shown, at this time, the second end of the opening / closing claw 5 is locked to the bushing 14. Then, the second linear telescopic device 3 is activated, which drives the first linear telescopic device 2 and the opening / closing claw 5 to move away from the unit brake 15. Since the second end of the opening / closing claw 5 is locked to the bushing 14, the opening / closing claw 5 can drive the bushing 14 to move away from the unit brake 15, thereby pulling out the bushing 14. After the bushing 14 is pulled out and moved to a suitable position, the first linear telescopic device 2 is driven, causing the claw drive 6 to move away from the opening / closing claw 5. The opening / closing claw 5 is now in a closed state, making it convenient for the operator to remove the bushing 14 from the second end of the opening / closing claw 5.

[0024] Throughout the process, the axes of the first linear telescopic device 2, the second linear telescopic device 3, the chuck drive 6, the opening and closing chuck 5, and the bushing 14 are on the same central axis, so the force of the pull-out action will not deviate, ensuring that the bushing 14 is subjected to uniform force on the circumference during the pull-out process.

[0025] In this embodiment, from Figures 3-4 As can be seen, the opening / closing jaw 5 includes two jaw units 501, which are arranged crosswise and hinged together on the same hinge shaft 502. The hinge shaft 502 is simultaneously hinged at the middle position of the two jaw units 501. Of course, those skilled in the art can adjust the position of the hinge shaft 502 appropriately along the length of the jaw unit 501 according to actual needs, and it is not limited to being set at the middle position of the jaw unit 501. The lower end of the hinge shaft 502 is fixed to the telescopic moving plate 4. Specifically, the lower end of the hinge shaft 502 is provided with an external thread. After the lower end of the hinge shaft 502 passes through the telescopic moving plate 4, it is threadedly connected to a nut, thereby realizing the positioning function between the opening / closing jaw 5 and the telescopic moving plate 4.

[0026] When it is necessary to open and close the jaw 5, simply control the jaw drive 6 to move towards the jaw 5 and move to the middle position of the two jaw units 501 in the jaw 5. Due to the conical structure of the jaw drive 6, the jaw drive 6 can easily enter the middle position of the first end of the two jaw units 501. As the jaw drive 6 moves continuously, the openings of the first and second ends of the two jaw units 501 will continuously increase.

[0027] In addition, a tension spring is connected between the two claw units 501. When the claw drive 6 moves out of the gap in the opening and closing claw 5, the tension spring will pull the two claw units 501 closer to each other, so that the claw units 501 can close automatically.

[0028] In this embodiment, a rolling element 503 is mounted on the first end of each claw unit 501, from... Figure 3 As can be seen, the rolling element 503 is a bearing structure, and each of the two jaw units 501 has a bearing connecting rod at its first end, with the inner ring of the bearing fixed to the bearing connecting rod. When the jaw drive 6 moves toward the opening and closing jaw 5, the outer ring of the bearing contacts the jaw drive 6 and drives the two jaw units 501 to move away from each other.

[0029] In this embodiment, each claw unit 501 has a bushing plate 504 at its second end. The bushing plate 504 is a semi-circular plate structure, which is visible from a top view (or Figure 4 From the perspective of the 501, the second end of the claw unit is an L-shaped structure, so when the opening and closing claw 5 is opened, it can be firmly locked with the bushing 14.

[0030] In this embodiment, both the first linear telescopic device 2 and the second linear telescopic device 3 are cylinders, specifically SC50*50 type cylinders. The compressed air adjustment range is 0.2-1.0 MPa. The working thrust of the cylinder, measured by a tensile tester, is 2800 N, which meets the pulling force required for the bushing 14 to be pulled out. Of course, in other embodiments, those skilled in the art can replace them with other devices capable of linear movement according to actual conditions, including but not limited to existing hydraulic cylinders or linear motors. Furthermore, both the first linear telescopic device 2 and the second linear telescopic device 3 are electrically connected to a PLC controller (i.e., a programmable controller), and their control functions can be implemented through logic control via the programmable controller (PLC controller).

[0031] In this embodiment, a first stop seat 7 is fixed to the tooling mounting body 1 by bolts. The telescopic end (i.e., the piston rod of the cylinder) of the second linear telescopic device 3 is fixed to the first stop seat 7. Therefore, when the second linear telescopic device 3 telescopically moves, it is the body of the second linear telescopic device 3 that moves, not the telescopic end. The fixed end of the second linear telescopic device 3 is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the first linear telescopic device 2. Specifically, each of the fixed ends of the first linear telescopic device 2 and the second linear telescopic device 3 is provided with a cylinder connecting plate. The two cylinder connecting plates are fixedly connected by bolts, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the fixed end of the first linear telescopic device 2 and the fixed end of the second linear telescopic device 3.

[0032] In this embodiment, the tooling mounting body 1 is provided with a second stop seat 8 and a brake support device 9. The second stop seat 8 is fixed to the tooling mounting body 1 by bolts, and the brake support device 9 and the telescopic moving plate 4 are respectively located on both sides of the second stop seat 8. The brake support device 9 is used to place the unit brake 15, and the second stop seat 8 is provided with a claw through hole. The opening and closing claw 5 can pass through the claw through hole and extend into the slot of the unit brake 15.

[0033] In addition, a protective cover can be provided between the first stop seat 7 and the second stop seat 8. All components between the first stop seat 7 and the second stop seat 8 are located inside the protective cover, which can protect the components between the first stop seat 7 and the second stop seat 8. The protective cover can be made of transparent acrylic sheet or other materials.

[0034] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-2 As shown, the brake support device 9 includes two parallel brake slide rails 901, with a brake slider 902 slidably connected to each brake slide rail 901. A sliding plate 903 is fixed to the upper surface of both brake sliders 902. A replacement plate 904 is detachably connected to the upper end of the sliding plate 903. To facilitate the detachment and connection of the replacement plate 904 and the sliding plate 903, a positioning hole is provided at each of the four corners of the upper surface of the sliding plate 903, and a positioning rod is provided at each of the four corners of the lower surface of the replacement plate 904. When the replacement plate 904 needs to be installed on the sliding plate 903, the four positioning rods are simply inserted into the four positioning holes. A brake tray 905 or a brake positioning shaft 906 is fixed to the replacement plate 904. Depending on the structure of the unit brake 15, a corresponding brake tray 905 or brake positioning shaft 906 is used for support.

[0035] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, the groove in the brake tray 905 can be used to place the unit brake 15. Figure 1 As shown, the lower end of some unit brakes 15 is provided with a mounting groove, so that the mounting groove of the unit brake 15 can be installed on the brake positioning shaft 906, and the unit brake 15 installed on the brake positioning shaft 906 can rotate, thereby allowing the bushings 14 in different directions of a unit brake 15 to be pulled out sequentially.

[0036] In this embodiment, the second stop seat 8 is provided with a cylindrical brake stop 10 on the side near the brake support device 9. The brake stop 10 is made of bakelite and can abut against the unit brake 15. When it is necessary to pull out the bushing 14 in the unit brake 15, the unit brake 15 can abut against the brake stop 10. When the bushing 14 in the unit brake 15 is pulled out by the opening and closing claw 5, the bushing 14 is located at the brake stop 10. Then, the operator manually pulls the sliding plate 903 to move the unit brake 15 away from the brake stop 10, thereby facilitating the operator to remove the bushing 14.

[0037] In this embodiment, a guide rail support 11 is bolted to the tooling mounting body 1. A movable plate slide rail 12 is fixed to the guide rail support 11, and a movable plate slider 13 is slidably connected to the movable plate slide rail 12. The movable plate slider 13 is fixed to the lower surface of the telescopic movable plate 4. Through the sliding engagement between the movable plate slide rail 12 and the movable plate slider 13, the linear movement of the telescopic movable plate 4 can be limited, and the linear movement of the opening and closing claw 5 can be guided to avoid left and right deviation.

[0038] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0039] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] If this utility model discloses or relates to mutually fixedly connected parts or structural components, then unless otherwise stated, a fixed connection can be understood as: a detachable fixed connection (e.g., using bolts or screws), or a non-detachable fixed connection (e.g., riveting, welding). Of course, mutually fixed connections can also be replaced by an integral structure (e.g., manufactured using a casting process) (except where it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).

[0041] In addition, unless otherwise stated, the terms used in any of the technical solutions disclosed in this utility model to indicate positional relationships or shapes include states or shapes that are similar to, close to, or approximate with those states or shapes.

[0042] Any component provided by this utility model can be assembled from multiple individual components, or it can be a single component manufactured by a one-piece molding process.

[0043] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which this utility model can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that this utility model can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this utility model.

[0044] It should also be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same component or the same part.

[0045] Any adaptive changes made according to actual needs are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0046] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. An automated disassembly fixture for unit brake bushings, characterized in that: The fixture includes a tooling installation body (1), on which a first linear telescopic device (2) and a second linear telescopic device (3) are installed. The first linear telescopic device (2) is fixed to one end of the second linear telescopic device (3). The second linear telescopic device (3) is used to drive the first linear telescopic device (2) to move linearly back and forth. The first linear telescopic device (2) is fixedly connected to a telescopic moving plate (4). The telescopic moving plate (4) is provided with an opening and closing claw (5) at one end away from the first linear telescopic device (2). The telescopic end of the first linear telescopic device (2) is fixedly connected to a claw driving component (6). When the claw driving component (6) moves to the first end of the opening and closing claw (5), the second end of the opening and closing claw (5) can open. When the second end of the opening and closing claw (5) is open, it can be used to lock the bushing (14) to be pulled out.

2. The automated disassembly fixture for the unit brake bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing claw (5) includes two claw units (501), which are hinged together on the same hinge shaft (502). The lower end of the hinge shaft (502) is fixed on the telescopic moving plate (4), and a tension spring is connected between the two claw units (501).

3. The automated disassembly fixture for the unit brake bushing according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the said claw units (501) has a rolling element (503) mounted on its first end.

4. The automated disassembly fixture for the unit brake bushing according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the said claw units (501) has a bushing plate (504) at its second end.

5. The automated disassembly fixture for the unit brake bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first linear telescopic device (2) and the second linear telescopic device (3) are cylinders.

6. The automated disassembly fixture for the unit brake bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling installation body (1) is fixed with a first stop seat (7), the telescopic end of the second linear telescopic device (3) is fixed on the first stop seat (7), and the fixed end of the second linear telescopic device (3) is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the first linear telescopic device (2).

7. The automated disassembly fixture for the unit brake bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling installation body (1) is provided with a second stop seat (8) and a brake support device (9). The brake support device (9) and the telescopic moving plate (4) are located on both sides of the second stop seat (8). The brake support device (9) is used to place the unit brake (15). The second stop seat (8) is provided with a claw through hole. The opening and closing claw (5) can pass through the claw through hole.

8. The automated disassembly fixture for the unit brake bushing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The brake support device (9) includes a brake slide rail (901), a brake slider (902) is slidably connected on the brake slide rail (901), a sliding plate (903) is fixed on the brake slider (902), a replacement plate (904) is detachably connected to the upper end of the sliding plate (903), and a brake tray (905) or a brake positioning shaft (906) is fixed on the replacement plate (904).

9. The automated disassembly fixture for the unit brake bushing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second stop seat (8) is provided with a brake stop (10) on the side near the brake support device (9), and the brake stop (10) can abut against the unit brake (15).

10. The automated disassembly fixture for the unit brake bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling installation body (1) is fixed with a guide rail support (11), the guide rail support (11) is fixed with a movable plate slide rail (12), the movable plate slide rail (12) is slidably connected with a movable plate slider (13), and the movable plate slider (13) is fixed to the lower surface of the telescopic movable plate (4).

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