A test device for vertical compressive bearing capacity of a single pile

Abstract

This utility model discloses a single pile vertical compressive bearing capacity testing device, relating to the field of single pile vertical compressive bearing capacity testing technology. It includes two supports, with a bearing plate positioned between them. A hydraulic jack is placed on the upper end of the bearing plate. Three support blocks are fixedly installed in a ring around the upper end of the supports and around the hydraulic jack. A positioning and fixing structure is installed on each support block, consisting of a mounting screw, a handle, a clamping block, and sliding balls. By arranging the support blocks in a ring on the bearing plate and installing the positioning and fixing structure on the support blocks, the bearing plate and the hydraulic jack can be fixed together, preventing displacement of the jack during loading, ensuring uniform load distribution, avoiding additional eccentric forces on the pile, thereby improving the accuracy of bearing capacity assessment data, reducing equipment debugging costs and time, and eliminating safety hazards in pile foundation design and construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of single pile vertical compressive bearing capacity testing technology, and in particular to a single pile vertical compressive bearing capacity testing device. Background Technology

[0002] The vertical compressive bearing capacity test of a single pile is a key technology that assesses its bearing capacity by measuring the settlement of the pile after applying a vertical load to the pile top. The basic procedure is as follows: First, the site is cleared and the pile head is treated. Then, supports are installed on both sides of the pile top, and a bearing plate is placed between the supports, aligned with the center of the pile top. Hydraulic jacks are placed on the bearing plate, and a reaction system is constructed using secondary beams, main steel beams, and load blocks. Simultaneously, displacement sensors are deployed to monitor the settlement at the pile top. During loading, the load is applied in stages according to a graded system. Each load level is applied only after the settlement has stabilized, until termination conditions such as a sharp increase in settlement occur. Finally, the load is unloaded in stages, and the data is recorded. The ultimate bearing capacity and characteristic value of the pile are determined by plotting a load-settlement curve.

[0003] However, existing testing equipment has significant drawbacks during implementation: firstly, the bearing plate and hydraulic jack cannot be reliably fixed, leading to easy displacement of the jack during loading, resulting in uneven load distribution and large data deviations; secondly, it is difficult to ensure coaxial installation, causing vertical pressure to be unevenly transmitted along the pile axis, potentially subjecting the pile to additional eccentric forces and severely affecting the accuracy of bearing capacity assessment. These problems not only increase equipment debugging costs and time but may also lead to safety hazards in pile foundation design and construction due to data distortion. Therefore, this application proposes a single-pile vertical compressive bearing capacity testing device to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this invention is to provide a single pile vertical compressive bearing capacity testing device, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A single-pile vertical compressive bearing capacity testing device includes two supports, a pressure plate between the two supports, a hydraulic jack placed on the upper end of the pressure plate, and three support blocks fixedly installed in a ring around the upper end of the supports and the periphery of the hydraulic jack. A positioning and fixing structure is installed on the support blocks, the positioning and fixing structure consisting of a mounting screw, a handle, a clamping block, and a sliding ball. The handle is fixedly installed on the outer end of the mounting screw, the clamping block is rotatably installed on the inner end of the mounting screw, and the sliding ball is rotatably installed on the lower part of the clamping block.

[0007] Preferably, a secondary beam and a main steel beam are placed on the upper end of the two supports. There are two secondary beams symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main steel beam, and load blocks are stacked on the upper end of the secondary beams and the main steel beam.

[0008] Preferably, the hydraulic jack is located at the lower end of the middle of the main steel beam.

[0009] Preferably, the support block is fixedly installed on the upper end of the pressure plate by welding. The upper end of the support block is provided with a mounting guide groove, and the support block is also provided with a mounting screw hole, which penetrates the inside and outside of the support block. The ring formed by the three support blocks is coaxial with the pressure plate.

[0010] Preferably, the mounting screw on the positioning and fixing structure is installed in the mounting screw hole opened on the support block, the handle is located on the outside of the support block, and the clamping block is movably installed on the inside of the support block.

[0011] Preferably, the lower end of the abutment block on the positioning and fixing structure is provided with a spherical groove, the upper end of the abutment block is provided with a mounting groove, the scale is fixedly embedded in the mounting groove, and the scale is simultaneously movably installed in the mounting guide groove opened at the upper end of the support block.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] By setting support blocks in a ring on the bearing plate and setting positioning and fixing structures on the support blocks, the bearing plate and the hydraulic jacks on it can be fixed together through the cooperation of the support blocks and positioning and fixing structures. This prevents the jacks from shifting during loading, makes the load evenly distributed, avoids the pile body from bearing additional eccentric forces, thereby improving the accuracy of bearing capacity assessment data, reducing equipment debugging costs and time, and eliminating safety hazards in pile foundation design and construction. The presence of sliding balls makes the movement and adjustment of the positioning and fixing structure easier and less labor-intensive. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the pressure plate, hydraulic jack, support block, and positioning and fixing structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure plate and support block of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the positioning and fixing structure of this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Support pier; 2. Bearing plate; 3. Hydraulic jack; 4. Support block; 5. Positioning and fixing structure; 6. Secondary beam; 7. Main steel beam; 8. Load block; 9. Installation guide groove; 10. Installation screw hole; 11. Installation screw; 12. Handle; 13. Clamping block; 14. Spherical groove; 15. Sliding ball; 16. Installation slot; 17. Scale. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0020] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a single-pile vertical compressive bearing capacity testing device includes two supports 1, with a pressure plate 2 between the two supports 1. A hydraulic jack 3 is placed on the upper end of the pressure plate 2. Three support blocks 4 are fixedly installed in a ring around the upper end of the supports 1 and the periphery of the hydraulic jack 3. A positioning and fixing structure 5 is installed on the support blocks 4. The positioning and fixing structure 5 consists of a mounting screw 11, a handle 12, a clamping block 13, and a sliding ball 15. The handle 12 is fixedly installed on the outer end of the mounting screw 11, the clamping block 13 is rotatably installed on the inner end of the mounting screw 11, and the sliding ball 15 is rotatably installed on the lower part of the clamping block 13. Secondary beams 6 and main steel beams 7 are placed on the upper end of the two supports 1. There are two secondary beams 6 symmetrically arranged on the main steel beams 7. Load blocks 8 are stacked on both sides of beam 7, the upper end of secondary beam 6 and main steel beam 7. Hydraulic jacks 3 are located at the lower middle part of main steel beam 7. By setting support blocks 4 in a ring on the bearing plate 2 and setting positioning and fixing structures 5 on the support blocks 4, the bearing plate 2 and the hydraulic jacks 3 on it can be fixed through the cooperation of support blocks 4 and positioning and fixing structures 5. This prevents the hydraulic jacks 3 from shifting during loading, makes the load evenly distributed, avoids the pile body from bearing additional eccentric force, thereby improving the accuracy of bearing capacity assessment data, reducing equipment debugging costs and time, and eliminating safety hazards in pile foundation design and construction. The presence of sliding balls 15 makes it easier and less strenuous to move and adjust the clamping blocks 13 on the positioning and fixing structures 5.

[0021] Specifically, the support block 4 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the pressure plate 2 by welding. The upper end of the support block 4 is provided with a mounting guide groove 9, and the support block 4 is also provided with a mounting screw hole 10, which passes through the inside and outside of the support block 4. The ring formed by the three support blocks 4 is coaxial with the pressure plate 2. The mounting screw 11 on the positioning and fixing structure 5 is installed in the mounting screw hole 10 on the support block 4. The handle 12 is located on the outside of the support block 4, and the clamping block 13 is movably installed on the inside of the support block 4. The lower end of the clamping block 13 on the positioning and fixing structure 5 is provided with a ball. The upper end of the groove 14 and the clamping block 13 is provided with an installation groove 16. The scale 17 is fixedly embedded in the installation groove 16. The scale 17 is also movably installed in the installation guide groove 9 opened on the upper end of the support block 4. When using it, first clean the site and treat the pile head. Then place the two supports 1 on both sides of the pile top. Place the bearing plate 2 between the two supports 1, so that the bearing plate 2 is aligned with the center of the pile top. Place the hydraulic jack 3 on the upper end of the bearing plate 2. Then turn the handle 12, and drive the clamping block 13 to move towards the hydraulic jack 3 through the installation screw 11. At this time, the sliding roller... The ball bearing 15 will rotate due to friction with the bearing plate 2, thus making it easier and less strenuous to move and adjust the clamping block 13 using the sliding ball bearing 15, until the clamping block 13 clamps the hydraulic jack 3, thereby fixing the bearing plate 2 and the hydraulic jack 3. Then, secondary beams 6 and main steel beams 7 are placed on the upper ends of the two supports 1, with the two secondary beams 6 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main steel beam 7. Then, load blocks 8 are stacked on the upper ends of the secondary beams 6 and the main steel beam 7, while the hydraulic jack 3 is positioned at the lower middle part of the main steel beam 7, thus setting up the reaction system. Displacement sensors are then installed to monitor the settlement of the pile top, and then the pile is constructed step by step according to the graded system. Apply load, and continue applying load at each level after the settlement stabilizes, until termination conditions such as a sharp increase in settlement occur. Finally, unload in stages and record the data. Determine the ultimate bearing capacity and characteristic value of the pile by plotting the load-settlement curve. When using the positioning and fixing structure 5 to fix the bearing plate 2 and the hydraulic jack 3, the scale 17 will move together with the clamping block 13. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the clamping blocks 13 on the three positioning and fixing structures 5 are synchronously clamped against the hydraulic jack 3. At this time, the readings of the three scales 17 must be consistent to ensure that the hydraulic jack 3 and the bearing plate 2 are in a coaxial state.

[0022] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A single pile vertical compressive bearing capacity testing device, comprising two supports (1), a bearing plate (2) disposed between the two supports (1), and a hydraulic jack (3) placed on the upper end of the bearing plate (2), characterized in that: Three support blocks (4) are fixedly installed in a ring around the upper end of the support block (1) and the periphery of the hydraulic jack (3). A positioning and fixing structure (5) is installed on the support block (4). The positioning and fixing structure (5) consists of a mounting screw (11), a handle (12), a clamping block (13), and a sliding ball (15). The handle (12) is fixedly installed on the outer end of the mounting screw (11). The clamping block (13) is rotatably installed on the inner end of the mounting screw (11). The sliding ball (15) is rotatably installed on the lower part of the clamping block (13).

2. The single-pile vertical compressive bearing capacity testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A secondary beam (6) and a main steel beam (7) are placed on the upper end of the two supports (1). There are two secondary beams (6) and they are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main steel beam (7). Load blocks (8) are stacked on the upper end of the secondary beams (6) and the main steel beam (7).

3. The single-pile vertical compressive bearing capacity testing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic jack (3) is located at the lower middle part of the main steel beam (7).

4. The single-pile vertical compressive bearing capacity testing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support block (4) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the pressure plate (2) by welding. The upper end of the support block (4) is provided with an installation guide groove (9). The support block (4) is also provided with an installation screw hole (10), and the installation screw hole (10) passes through the inside and outside of the support block (4). The ring formed by the three support blocks (4) is coaxial with the pressure plate (2).

5. The single-pile vertical compressive bearing capacity testing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting screw (11) on the positioning and fixing structure (5) is installed in the mounting screw hole (10) opened on the support block (4), the handle (12) is located on the outside of the support block (4), and the clamping block (13) is movably installed on the inside of the support block (4).

6. The single-pile vertical compressive bearing capacity testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the abutment block (13) on the positioning and fixing structure (5) is provided with a spherical groove (14), and the upper end of the abutment block (13) is provided with an installation groove (16). The scale (17) is fixedly embedded in the installation groove (16), and the scale (17) is simultaneously movably installed in the installation guide groove (9) opened at the upper end of the support block (4).

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