PCB board feeding device

Abstract

A PCB loading device, comprising a separable loading carrier plate and a base module. The loading carrier plate is provided with a plurality of placement slots for placing PCBs. Each placement slot is provided with a clamping assembly at the clamping angle. The clamping assembly comprises a clamping block and a return spring. The clamping block is slidingly connected to the loading carrier plate and has a movement tendency towards the placement slot. The clamping block is provided with a driving hole. The base module comprises a base and a fixed platform. A driving plate is slidingly connected below the platform. The driving plate is provided with a driving pin. The driving pin is inserted into the driving hole after sequentially passing through the avoidance holes of the platform and the carrier plate. The driving plate is connected to the base through a driving spring and is provided with a stop block which is movably connected to the driving motor execution end. The utility model realizes the synchronous control of multiple clamping mechanisms through single motor driving, has the functions of automatic clamping and loosening, adopts spring grading locking, improves the positioning accuracy, realizes self-centering positioning in combination with the V-shaped chuck, and effectively improves the positioning accuracy and clamping efficiency of the PCB.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of PCB board production equipment technology, and in particular to a PCB board loading device. Background Technology

[0002] In automated PCB production lines, processes such as SMT (Surface Mount Technology), testing, and sorting require precise and stable transfer and positioning of PCBs to designated workstations. Currently, common loading and positioning methods fall into two main categories:

[0003] The first method uses a cover plate locking structure. The operator first places the PCB board into the carrier plate of the fixture, then aligns a dedicated cover plate with the carrier plate and uses multiple screws and other fasteners to lock the cover plate and the carrier plate together, thus pressing and fixing the PCB board between them. In order to process or test the PCB board that is already locked inside, it is also necessary to precisely create corresponding clearance channels or windows on the cover plate. This method of tightening and loosening screws is time-consuming and labor-intensive, severely impacting production cycle time; the fixture itself is bulky and not conducive to flexible production line layout.

[0004] The second method uses a spring in conjunction with a clamping block for lateral clamping and positioning. While this method simplifies the structure, it faces a fundamental challenge in practical applications: if the spring force is too great, it can easily damage the PCB board during long-term use; if the spring force is too small, the clamping force may be insufficient, leaving gaps due to the inability to overcome minor resistance during clamping, resulting in incomplete clamping and positioning deviations. Even insufficient spring force may fail to ensure reliable clamping block reset, leading to clamping failure.

[0005] Therefore, in view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, it is necessary to design a PCB board loading device to solve the above problems.

[0006] It should be noted that the above introduction to the technical background is only for the purpose of providing a clear and complete explanation of the technical solution of this utility model and facilitating the understanding of those skilled in the art. It should not be assumed that the above content is known to those skilled in the art simply because it has been described in the background section of this utility model. Utility Model Content

[0007] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to disclose a PCB board loading device.

[0008] This utility model discloses a PCB board loading device, comprising a detachable loading carrier board and a base module, wherein:

[0009] The loading carrier plate is provided with at least one placement slot for placing PCB boards, and each placement slot is provided with a clamping component at the included angle in the same direction.

[0010] The clamping assembly includes a clamping block and a return spring. The clamping block is slidably connected to the loading carrier plate, and the return spring is configured to cause the clamping block to tend to move toward the mounting slot; thereby achieving initial clamping or pre-clamping of the PCB board.

[0011] The clamping block has a drive hole, and the loading plate has a first strip clearance hole corresponding to the movement trajectory of the drive hole;

[0012] The base module includes a base and a fixing platform. The fixing platform is provided with a positioning post and a second strip-shaped clearance hole corresponding to the first strip-shaped clearance hole.

[0013] A drive plate is slidably connected below the fixed platform. The drive plate is equipped with a drive pin. The drive pin passes through the second strip-shaped clearance hole and the first strip-shaped clearance hole in sequence and then inserts into the drive hole.

[0014] One end of the drive plate is connected to the base module via a drive spring, which makes the drive plate and its drive pin tend to move toward the mounting slot; the lower end of the drive plate is provided with a stop block, and the base is provided with a drive motor, and the actuator end of the drive motor is connected to the stop block on the side facing the drive spring.

[0015] Preferred technical solution: The front end of the clamping block is equipped with a V-shaped clamp, which is configured to clamp and position the PCB board placed in the mounting slot from a diagonal direction. The V-shaped clamp can form two-point contact with the right-angled edge of the PCB board. This diagonal clamping method can automatically compensate for the positioning error caused by the placement deviation of the PCB board, realize the self-centering function, and ensure that each PCB board can be accurately positioned to the theoretical center position, greatly improving the positioning accuracy and consistency.

[0016] Preferred technical solution: The included angle of the V-shaped opening of the V-clamp is 90° to 120°.

[0017] The preferred technical solution: The positioning pin is a round-headed positioning pin, and the loading plate has positioning holes that mate with the positioning pin. This provides guidance. Even if there is a slight deviation when the loading plate is placed, the round head can guide it to slide smoothly into the correct position, realizing blind insertion. This reduces the accuracy requirements for the operator or robot, and improves the loading speed and success rate.

[0018] The preferred technical solution: At least four limiting blocks are provided on the outer periphery of the loading plate on the fixed platform, with the limiting blocks arranged symmetrically in pairs. Together, they constitute a reliable peripheral positioning and error prevention system. This further restricts the degree of freedom of the loading plate in the horizontal plane, preventing its rotation or translation, and can also effectively prevent the plate from shifting due to accidental impacts, thereby enhancing the rigidity and stability of the entire device during operation.

[0019] Preferred technical solution: The drive pin has a stepped structure, with its small-diameter section engaging with the drive hole. The small-diameter section is responsible for transmitting power through the drive hole, while the large-diameter section acts as a limit, preventing the drive pin from excessively passing through the clearance hole and ensuring accurate assembly.

[0020] Preferred technical solution: The drive motor is a dual-axis ball screw linear motor.

[0021] The preferred technical solution: The fixed platform has a clearance groove at the side projection of the loading plate, providing clearance space for gripping the side of the loading plate. This provides gripping space for a human hand or robotic gripper, making the loading plate handling operation more convenient and efficient.

[0022] Preferred technical solution: The fixed platform and the drive plate are connected by a sliding pair consisting of a slide rail and a slider. This ensures the synchronicity and consistency of the clamping assembly's movements.

[0023] Preferred technical solution: Multiple mounting slots are arranged in an array. This greatly improves space utilization and production efficiency. It allows multiple PCB boards to be clamped at once, suitable for large-scale production needs, and significantly reduces the operation time and cost per unit.

[0024] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0025] This invention uses a single drive motor to control the synchronous movement of all clamping components, achieving automatic and rapid switching from "clamping" to "releasing" states. This completely eliminates the tedious process of manually tightening screws, significantly improving production efficiency. The positioning system, composed of positioning pins, positioning holes, and limit blocks, ensures the repeatability and accuracy of the loading carrier board. The diagonal clamping design of the V-shaped chuck automatically corrects minor positional deviations of the PCB board, achieving high-precision self-centering. A combined drive spring and return spring drive the clamping blocks, ensuring the PCB board is completely locked in the mounting slot, preventing gaps due to jamming and improving positioning accuracy. After the loading carrier board is removed, the drive spring's driving force on the clamping blocks is released, and only the return spring drives the clamping blocks, reducing the clamping force on the PCB board and preventing damage due to excessive clamping force. The slide rail slider pair ensures the smoothness and accuracy of the drive board's movement. The loading carrier board, as an independent module, can be quickly replaced for different PCB board models, greatly improving the equipment's applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a PCB board loading device according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a top view of a PCB board loading device according to the present invention.

[0029] In the attached diagrams above, 1. Loading plate; 11. Mounting slot; 12. Clamping block; 13. Reset spring; 14. Drive hole; 2. Base module; 21. Base; 22. Fixing platform; 23. Positioning post; 24. Drive spring; 25. Limiting block; 26. Clearance slot; 3. Drive plate; 31. Drive pin; 32. Stop block; 4. Drive motor; 5. PCB board. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be used interchangeably where appropriate for the purposes of describing embodiments of this application herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and their synonyms, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0032] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "back," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this utility model and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0033] Furthermore, in addition to indicating direction or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setting," "equipped with," "connection," "linking," "fitting," and "fitting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Similarly, "fitting" can mean completely or partially fitted. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] Example:

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this utility model discloses a PCB board loading device, including a detachable loading carrier board 1 and a base module 2. The main components of this utility model will be described in detail below:

[0038] The loading carrier plate 1 has multiple mounting slots 11 arranged in an array for placing PCB boards 5. A clamping assembly is located at the lower right corner of each mounting slot 11. The clamping assembly includes a clamping block 12 and a return spring 13. The clamping block 12 is slidably connected to the loading carrier plate 1 via a guide groove. The return spring 13 is installed at the tail of the clamping block 12, and its elasticity ensures that the clamping block 12 always tends to slide towards the center of the mounting slot 11. A V-shaped chuck is formed at the front end of the clamping block 12, with a V-shaped opening angle of 90°, for stable and self-centering clamping of the PCB board 5 from the diagonal. A driving hole 14 is provided in the middle of the clamping block 12. A first strip-shaped clearance hole is provided on the loading carrier plate 1 at the projection of the moving trajectory of the driving hole 14. Multiple positioning holes are also provided through the outer periphery of each mounting slot 11 on the loading carrier plate 1.

[0039] The base module 2 includes a base 21 and a fixed platform 22. The fixed platform 22 is fixed with round-headed positioning posts 23 corresponding to the positioning holes, and a second strip-shaped clearance hole corresponding to the first strip-shaped clearance hole. Four symmetrically positioned limit blocks 25 are installed on the edge of the fixed platform 22 to restrict the horizontal movement of the loading plate 1. Clearance grooves 26 are also machined on the side of the fixed platform 22 to facilitate the robotic arm's gripping of the loading plate 1.

[0040] A drive plate 3 is connected to the fixed platform 22 via a slide rail and slider to ensure smooth horizontal sliding. Multiple stepped drive pins 31 are fixed on the drive plate 3. The upper small-diameter section of each drive pin 31 passes through the second and first strip-shaped clearance holes and inserts into the drive hole 14 of the clamping block 12. A drive spring 24 is connected to the left end of the drive plate 3, and the other end of the drive spring 24 is fixed to the base 21 or the fixed platform 22, giving the drive plate 3 a tendency to move to the left. A stop block 32 is fixed to the lower right end of the drive plate 3. A drive motor 4 is mounted on the base 21; the drive motor 4 is a dual-axis ball screw linear motor, and its actuator is connected to the left side of the stop block 32 to push the stop block 32 and the drive plate 3 against the elastic force of the drive spring 24.

[0041] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0042] Initial state: After the loading plate 1 is placed on the fixed platform 22 and accurately positioned, the drive spring 24 pushes the drive plate 3 and the drive pin 31 to the initial position. At this time, the drive pin 31 is in a non-driven state in the drive hole 14 of the clamping block 12, and the clamping block 12 and the mounting groove 11 are in a retracted state.

[0043] Pre-loading process: The drive motor 4 starts, and its actuator pushes the stop block 32 on the drive plate 3, overcoming the elastic force of the drive spring 24, and driving the drive plate 3 to move linearly. The drive pin 31 moves accordingly, and through its interaction with the inner wall of the drive hole 14, the drive clamp 12 overcomes the elastic force of the return spring 13 and moves away from the center of the placement groove 11. When the distance between the clamp 12 and the placement groove 11 meets the placement requirements of the PCB board 5, the drive motor 4 stops moving, and the PCB board 5 is loaded.

[0044] PCB board locking process: The drive motor 4 moves in the reverse direction, and its actuator retracts, releasing the thrust on the stop block 32. The drive spring 24 then pushes the drive plate 3 and drive pin 31 to reset. The drive pin 31 drives the clamping block 12 in the reverse direction. Under the combined action of the reset spring 13 and the drive spring 24, the clamping block 12 moves towards the center of the mounting groove 11, clamping the PCB board 5.

[0045] Loading process: Remove the loading carrier plate 1 from the fixed platform 22, release the force of the drive spring 24 and drive pin 31 on the clamping block 12, and let the clamping block 12 clamp the PCB board by the elastic force of the reset spring 13.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A PCB board loading device, comprising a detachable loading carrier board (1) and a base module (2), characterized in that: The loading carrier plate (1) is provided with at least one placement slot (11) for placing PCB boards, and each placement slot (11) is provided with a clamping component at the included angle in the same direction; The clamping assembly includes a clamping block (12) and a return spring (13), the clamping block (12) being slidably connected to the loading carrier plate (1), and the return spring (13) being configured to cause the clamping block (12) to have a tendency to move toward the mounting slot (11); The clamping block (12) is provided with a driving hole (14), and the loading plate (1) is provided with a first strip-shaped clearance hole corresponding to the moving trajectory of the driving hole (14); The base module (2) includes a base (21) and a fixed platform (22). The fixed platform (22) is provided with a positioning post (23) and a second strip-shaped clearance hole corresponding to the first strip-shaped clearance hole. A drive plate (3) is slidably connected below the fixed platform (22). A drive pin (31) is provided on the drive plate (3). The drive pin (31) passes through the second strip-shaped clearance hole and the first strip-shaped clearance hole in sequence and then inserts into the drive hole (14). One end of the drive plate (3) is connected to the base module (2) via a drive spring (24), so that the drive plate (3) and its drive pin (31) tend to move toward the mounting groove (11); the lower end of the drive plate (3) is provided with a stop block (32), and the base (21) is provided with a drive motor (4), and the execution end of the drive motor (4) is pushed and connected to the stop block (32) on the side facing the drive spring (24).

2. The PCB board loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the clamping block (12) is provided with a V-shaped clamp, which is configured to clamp and position the PCB board placed in the placement groove (11) from a diagonal direction.

3. The PCB board loading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The included angle of the V-shaped opening of the V-shaped chuck is 90° to 120°.

4. The PCB board loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning pin (23) is a round-headed positioning pin, and the loading plate (1) is provided with a positioning hole that is inserted and matched with the positioning pin (23).

5. A PCB board loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed platform (22) is provided with at least four limiting blocks (25) along the outer periphery of the loading plate (1), and the limiting blocks (25) are arranged symmetrically in pairs.

6. The PCB board loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive pin (31) has a stepped structure, and its small diameter section is engaged with the drive hole (14).

7. A PCB board loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive motor (4) is a dual-axis ball screw linear motor.

8. A PCB board loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed platform (22) has a clearance groove (26) at the side projection of the loading plate (1), which provides clearance space for grabbing the side of the loading plate (1).

9. A PCB board loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed platform (22) and the drive plate (3) are connected by a sliding pair consisting of a slide rail and a slider.

10. A PCB board loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple of the aforementioned placement slots (11) are arranged in an array.

Images