Modular building facade construction and modular building

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of modular building outer wall structure and modular building, wherein, modular building outer wall structure, from inside to outside sequentially include finished partition, vacuum heat preservation layer and photovoltaic curtain wall;The vacuum heat preservation layer is attached the finished partition setting;The photovoltaic curtain wall is set on the side of the vacuum heat preservation layer deviating from the finished partition, and the photovoltaic curtain wall and the vacuum heat preservation layer keep specified distance setting on the finished partition;The outer wall structure prefabricated on the building module of the modular building, the edge between adjacent two photovoltaic curtain walls can be sealed connection.It has beneficial effect, it can guarantee the heat preservation effect of modular building outer wall structure, while promoting the environmental protection and low carbonization of modular building.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a modular building exterior wall structure and a modular building. Background Technology

[0002] Modular construction involves prefabricating hexahedral modules and integrating equipment in a factory, then assembling the modules on the construction site. This offers numerous advantages, including rapid construction, short construction cycles, less wet work on site, and less pollution. Building components can be cured in the factory, minimizing seasonal impacts and allowing for year-round construction. It is a typical example of modern industrialized construction and a new type of green construction method. In heated buildings, the building envelope accounts for approximately four-fifths of the overall heat loss, with the exterior wall system accounting for more than half of that. Modular construction differs from traditional construction in design, production, and construction, directly affecting its energy-saving and carbon-reduction measures during operation.

[0003] In terms of building thermal insulation and energy conservation, vacuum insulation panels are a type of vacuum insulation material composed of a core filling material and a protective surface layer. They effectively prevent heat transfer caused by air convection, making them a preferred material for ultra-low energy consumption buildings. The core performance of vacuum insulation panels depends on their internal vacuum state. When used in modular buildings, the panels are prone to damage during transportation, construction, or operation due to their fragile structure, leading to vacuum leakage, a significant decrease in insulation performance, and potential quality issues with the building's exterior walls. Utility Model Content

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, this utility model provides a modular building exterior wall structure and a modular building, which solves the technical problems of vacuum insulation panels being easily damaged and delaminated during on-site construction and easily falling off due to environmental influences during operation and use in existing modular buildings.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by this utility model include:

[0008] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a modular building exterior wall structure, which includes, from the inside out, a prefabricated partition wall, a vacuum insulation layer, and a photovoltaic curtain wall; the vacuum insulation layer is attached to the prefabricated partition wall; the photovoltaic curtain wall is disposed on the side of the vacuum insulation layer away from the prefabricated partition wall, and the photovoltaic curtain wall is disposed on the prefabricated partition wall at a specified distance from the vacuum insulation layer; the exterior wall structure is prefabricated on the building module of the modular building, and adjacent edges of two adjacent photovoltaic curtain walls can be sealed together.

[0009] Optionally, in the modular building exterior wall structure, the outer edge of the photovoltaic curtain wall projected onto the finished partition wall is located inside the outer edge of the finished partition wall; the outer edge of the vacuum insulation layer projected onto the finished partition wall is located inside the outer edge of the finished partition wall.

[0010] Optionally, in the modular building exterior wall structure, the finished partition wall includes a base layer and a top beam disposed at the top of the base layer, and a bottom beam disposed at the bottom of the base layer; the upper end of the photovoltaic curtain wall is fixed to the top beam, and the lower end is fixed to the bottom beam.

[0011] Optionally, in the modular building exterior wall structure, the vacuum insulation layer is adhered to the base layer; the photovoltaic curtain wall is a BIPV curtain wall, and the BIPV curtain wall is fixed to the top beam and the bottom beam by a metal frame set inside the BIPV curtain wall.

[0012] Optionally, in the modular building exterior wall structure, the base layer includes two layers of outer cladding panels and a filling material located between the two layers of outer cladding panels; the filling material is a fireproof and soundproof material.

[0013] Optionally, in the modular building exterior wall structure, the thickness of the vacuum insulation layer is 5-30mm, and the thickness of a single layer of the base layer is 60-70mm.

[0014] Secondly, this utility model embodiment provides a modular building, which is formed by stacking multiple cuboid building modules along the vertical and / or horizontal directions; the side walls of the building modules located on the outside of the modular building are prefabricated exterior wall structures as described above; when adjacent building modules with prefabricated exterior wall structures are assembled, two adjacent photovoltaic curtain walls are sealed together to seal the vacuum insulation layer between the finished partition wall and the photovoltaic curtain wall.

[0015] Optionally, in the modular building, a sealing cover is provided between the top of the prefabricated partition wall and the top of the photovoltaic curtain wall in the outer wall structure at the top of the modular building.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a modular building exterior wall structure and modular building. By efficiently integrating the prefabricated partition walls, vacuum insulation layer, and photovoltaic curtain wall of the modular building exterior wall in the factory, and placing the vacuum insulation layer in the middle layer, the vacuum insulation layer will not be damaged during the transportation of modular building components and secondary assembly on site, thus ensuring the insulation effect. The exterior wall structure is prefabricated on the modular components, improving assembly efficiency. The photovoltaic curtain wall is sealed together, and the air gap between it and the vacuum insulation layer provides heat insulation and sound insulation, improving the overall insulation and sound insulation effect of the vacuum insulation layer on the exterior wall structure. Simultaneously, the photovoltaic curtain wall forms a protective cover on the outside of the vacuum insulation layer, preventing the vacuum insulation layer from falling off due to climatic factors and ensuring the quality of the wall. Furthermore, the solar energy converted by the photovoltaic curtain wall can cover the building's energy consumption, creating a low-carbon building. Compared with existing technologies, it can guarantee the insulation effect of the modular building exterior wall structure while promoting the environmental protection and low-carbon development of modular buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the modular building exterior wall structure according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is another cross-sectional schematic diagram of the modular building exterior wall structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the combination of the base layer and the vacuum insulation layer in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0021] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0022] 1: Finished partition wall; 11: Base layer; 12: Top beam; 13: Bottom beam; 2: Vacuum insulation layer; 3: Photovoltaic curtain wall; 4: Sealing cover; 5: Metal frame; 6: Adapter; 7: Air layer; 8: Modular building roof; 9: Bonding mortar layer; 10: Surface layer; 19: Modular building floor slab. Detailed Implementation

[0023] This utility model discloses a modular building exterior wall structure and a modular building, addressing the technical problems of vacuum insulation panels in existing modular buildings, such as easy damage and delamination during on-site construction and easy detachment of vacuum insulation panels due to environmental factors during operation. By efficiently integrating the prefabricated partition walls, vacuum insulation layer, and photovoltaic curtain wall of the modular building exterior wall in the factory, with the vacuum insulation layer placed in the middle layer, the vacuum insulation layer is not damaged during the transportation of modular building components and secondary assembly on-site, thus ensuring the insulation effect. The exterior wall structure is prefabricated on the modular design, improving assembly efficiency. The photovoltaic curtain wall is sealed together, and the air gap between it and the vacuum insulation layer provides heat insulation and sound insulation, improving the overall insulation and sound insulation effect of the vacuum insulation layer on the exterior wall structure. Simultaneously, the photovoltaic curtain wall acts as a protective cover on the outside of the vacuum insulation layer, preventing detachment of the vacuum insulation layer due to climatic factors and ensuring the quality of the wall. Furthermore, the solar energy converted by the photovoltaic curtain wall can cover the building's energy consumption, creating a low-carbon building. Compared to existing technologies, it can ensure the thermal insulation effect of the exterior wall structure of modular buildings, while promoting the environmental protection and low-carbonization of modular buildings.

[0024] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0025] Example 1:

[0026] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a modular building exterior wall structure, comprising, from the inside out, a prefabricated partition wall 1, a vacuum insulation layer 2, and a photovoltaic curtain wall 3. The vacuum insulation layer 2 is bonded to the prefabricated partition wall 1 to provide insulation for the modular building. The photovoltaic curtain wall 3 is located on the side of the vacuum insulation layer 2 facing away from the prefabricated partition wall 1, and is installed at a specified distance from the vacuum insulation layer 2 on the prefabricated partition wall 1. The specified distance is necessary to ensure the safety performance of the exterior wall structure during installation; the photovoltaic curtain wall 3 needs to maintain a certain installation distance from the vacuum insulation layer 2. This specified distance creates an air layer 7 between the photovoltaic curtain wall 3 and the vacuum insulation layer 2. The exterior wall structure is prefabricated on the building modules of the modular building, and adjacent edges of two adjacent photovoltaic curtain walls 3 can be sealed together.

[0027] Vacuum insulation layer 2 is placed in the middle layer, ensuring its insulation effect is not damaged during the transportation and on-site secondary assembly of modular building components. The exterior wall structure is prefabricated on the building modules, improving assembly efficiency. The photovoltaic curtain wall 3 is sealed together, and the air layer 7 formed between it and the vacuum insulation layer 2 provides thermal and sound insulation, improving the overall insulation and sound insulation effect of the exterior wall structure. Simultaneously, the photovoltaic curtain wall 3 acts as a protective cover on the outside of the vacuum insulation layer 2, preventing it from detaching due to weather conditions and ensuring the quality of the wall. Furthermore, the solar energy converted by the photovoltaic curtain wall 3 can cover the building's energy consumption, creating a low-carbon building.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a modular building exterior wall structure, in which the outer edge of the photovoltaic curtain wall 3 projected onto the prefabricated partition wall 1 is located inside the outer edge of the prefabricated partition wall 1, and the outer edge of the vacuum insulation layer 2 projected onto the prefabricated partition wall 1 is located inside the outer edge of the prefabricated partition wall 1, so as to avoid damaging the photovoltaic curtain wall 3 and the vacuum insulation layer 2 during the hoisting of the building module.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a modular building exterior wall structure. The prefabricated partition wall 1 includes a base layer 11, a top beam 12 at the top of the base layer 11, and a bottom beam 13 at the bottom of the base layer 11. It should be noted that the name "prefabricated partition wall 1" is used to distinguish it from the base layer 11. The upper end of the photovoltaic curtain wall 3 is fixed to the top beam 12, which is connected to the modular building roof 8. The lower end of the photovoltaic curtain wall 3 is fixed to the bottom beam 13, which is connected to the modular building floor slab 19. In a building module, the modular building roof 8 and the modular building floor slab 19 are arranged vertically opposite each other. Specifically, the photovoltaic curtain wall 3 is a BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltaics) curtain wall. The BIPV curtain wall is fixed to the top beam 12 and the bottom beam 13 by a metal frame 5 located inside the BIPV curtain wall. The metal frame 5 serves to support the BIPV curtain wall and is also used for installation onto the top beam 12 and the bottom beam 13. As an example, the metal frame 5 is a rectangular frame. Furthermore, steel plates are pre-embedded at the locations corresponding to the installation of the metal frame 5 on the top beam 12 and the lower beam 13 before pouring concrete. The steel plates are welded to the adapter 6, and the adapter 6 is connected to the metal frame 5 by stainless steel bolts, thereby connecting the BIPV curtain wall and the prefabricated partition wall 1. Preferably, the adapter 6 is made of galvanized angle steel.

[0030] Prefabricate BIPV curtain walls in the factory. During on-site installation of the exterior wall structure, only sealing connections between adjacent BIPV curtain walls are required, replacing the current method of installing all BIPV curtain walls on-site and improving construction efficiency. The sealing connection of adjacent BIPV curtain walls follows existing technologies. For example, commonly used sealing materials include silicone sealant and polyurethane sealant. These materials need to possess good weather resistance, UV resistance, and good adhesion to the BIPV curtain wall material.

[0031] It should be noted that the dimensions of the galvanized angle steel need to be comprehensively considered and precisely calculated, taking into account various factors such as the structural safety of the BIPV curtain wall (e.g., load, displacement, material strength, safety factor), functional adaptability (e.g., panels, structure, thermal performance, corrosion resistance), construction feasibility (e.g., space, installation), and compliance with regulations. Based on the calculation of parameters such as safety performance, the dimensions of the galvanized angle steel adapter are determined, and the thickness of the air layer 7 between the photovoltaic curtain wall 3 and the vacuum insulation layer 2 is determined according to the dimensions of the galvanized angle steel adapter.

[0032] The vacuum insulation layer 2 is bonded to the base layer 11 using adhesive mortar. Additionally, insulation mortar is used to seal and fill the gaps between the panels of the vacuum insulation layer 2, preventing heat loss or entry through these gaps, thus ensuring the high efficiency of the entire vacuum insulation layer 2. Vitrified microsphere insulation mortar can be selected as the insulation mortar.

[0033] Preferably, the thickness of the vacuum insulation layer 2 is 5-30mm, and the thickness of the single-layer base layer 11 is 60-70mm. The vacuum insulation layer 2 and the base layer 11 form an ultra-thin wall, maximizing the release of indoor usable space. The thickness of the vacuum insulation layer 2 can be adjusted according to the application scenario. For example, a thinner vacuum insulation layer can be used in warmer climates, while a thicker vacuum insulation layer can be used in colder climates.

[0034] Of course, the thickness of the base layer mentioned above is the standard for general application scenarios. The thickness can also be adjusted according to different climate zones. For example, the thickness of a single base layer is 60mm. In combination with the sound insulation requirements of the exterior wall structure, double base layers can be used in an overlapping manner. An adhesive layer is provided between the two base layers, and the final thickness of the base wall (excluding the vacuum insulation layer 2) can reach 130mm.

[0035] Example 2:

[0036] Reference Figure 3This embodiment provides a modular building exterior wall structure. The base layer 11 includes two layers of outer cladding panels and a filling material between the two outer cladding panels. The filling material is a fireproof and soundproof material, so the exterior wall structure provides both thermal insulation and fireproof and soundproof effects. The fireproof and soundproof filling material is double-sided aluminum foil fireproof rock wool, and the outer cladding panels are paper-faced gypsum board. The side of the paper-faced gypsum board used to adhere the vacuum insulation layer 2 is uncoated to ensure the surface roughness of the base layer 11. The base layer 11 is fixed to the upper beam 12 and lower beam 13 of the modular building via top and bottom joists. For details not fully explained here, please refer to existing technologies.

[0037] In addition, the installation process of vacuum insulation layer 2 is as follows: vacuum insulation layer 2 is pasted to paper-faced gypsum board on the surface of base layer 11 by adhesive mortar (adhesive mortar layer 9), and then surface layer 10 is laid on the outward surface of vacuum insulation layer 2. Specifically, surface layer 10 is made by first laying a layer of composite fiberglass mesh on the outward surface of vacuum insulation layer 2, and then coating a 5mm layer of plastering mortar.

[0038] The air layer 7 between the photovoltaic curtain wall 3 and the vacuum insulation layer 2 serves to reflect and dissipate sound waves. The base layer 11 is filled with porous sound-absorbing rock wool. Sound waves enter the material through the micropores, causing the air in the gaps to vibrate. Due to the viscous resistance of the air, the friction between the air and the pore walls, and heat conduction, the sound energy is consumed, achieving efficient sound insulation of the wall.

[0039] Example 3:

[0040] This embodiment provides a modular building, which is formed by stacking multiple cuboid building modules vertically and / or horizontally. The side walls of the building modules located on the outside of the modular building are prefabricated exterior wall structures as described above. During the assembly of adjacent building modules with prefabricated exterior wall structures, two adjacent photovoltaic curtain walls 3 are sealed together to seal the vacuum insulation layer 2 between the prefabricated partition wall 1 and the photovoltaic curtain wall 3. The fireproof rock wool of the base layer 11, the vacuum insulation layer 2, and the sealed photovoltaic curtain wall 3 create an air gap that works synergistically, improving the overall thermal performance of the wall by approximately 73% compared to the energy-saving standard, greatly enhancing energy-saving benefits. On the construction site, the BIPV curtain wall between the upper and lower building modules is sealed to ensure waterproofing, achieving both power generation and watertightness of the external envelope system.

[0041] Furthermore, in the exterior wall structure at the top of the modular building, a sealing cover 4 is provided between the top of the prefabricated partition wall 1 and the top of the photovoltaic curtain wall 3 to seal the gap between the top of the prefabricated partition wall 1 and the top of the photovoltaic curtain wall 3.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2Vacuum insulation layers 2 can be installed on the outward-facing side of the upper beam 12 (on the exterior wall structure) at the top of the modular building and on the outward-facing side of the lower beam 13 (on the exterior wall structure) at the bottom of the modular building, avoiding the installation position of the adapter 6, to reduce the impact of cold bridging at the beam location in northern regions. The vacuum insulation layers 2 in these two areas can be separate vacuum insulation layers 2, or they can be extensions of the vacuum insulation layer 2 on the adjacent base layer 11. The exterior wall structure of the modular building in this embodiment has the following advantages: both the vacuum insulation layer 2 and the photovoltaic curtain wall 3 are integrated in the factory, allowing for immediate use on-site, requiring only simple curtain wall seam treatment, thus improving the installation speed of prefabricated buildings. The application of photovoltaic curtain walls 3 on all four sides of the exterior walls of the modular building can cover the building's energy consumption, creating a low-carbon building.

[0043] Because the exterior wall structure integrates photovoltaic power generation, vacuum insulation, sound insulation and fire prevention functions, it greatly improves energy efficiency. The wall is ultra-thin, has high-efficiency sound insulation and does not occupy indoor space.

[0044] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0045] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular building exterior wall structure, characterized in that, From the inside out, it includes a prefabricated partition wall (1), a vacuum insulation layer (2), and a photovoltaic curtain wall (3); The vacuum insulation layer (2) is attached to the finished partition wall (1); The photovoltaic curtain wall (3) is disposed on the side of the vacuum insulation layer (2) away from the finished partition wall (1), and the photovoltaic curtain wall (3) is disposed on the finished partition wall (1) at a specified distance from the vacuum insulation layer (2); The exterior wall structure is prefabricated on the building modules of the modular building, and the adjacent edges of two adjacent photovoltaic curtain walls (3) can be sealed together.

2. The modular building exterior wall structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer edge of the photovoltaic curtain wall (3) projected onto the finished partition wall (1) is located inside the outer edge of the finished partition wall (1); The outer edge of the vacuum insulation layer (2) projected onto the finished partition wall (1) is located within the outer edge of the finished partition wall (1).

3. The modular building exterior wall structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The finished partition wall (1) includes a base layer (11) and a top beam (12) set at the top of the base layer (11), and a bottom beam (13) set at the bottom of the base layer (11); The upper end of the photovoltaic curtain wall (3) is fixed on the top beam (12), and the lower end is fixed on the lower beam (13).

4. The modular building exterior wall structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The vacuum insulation layer (2) is adhered to the base layer (11); The photovoltaic curtain wall (3) is a BIPV curtain wall, which is fixed to the top beam (12) and the bottom beam (13) by a metal frame (5) set inside the BIPV curtain wall.

5. The modular building exterior wall structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The base layer (11) includes two outer sealing plates and a filling material located between the two outer sealing plates; The filling material is a fireproof and soundproof material.

6. The modular building exterior wall structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the vacuum insulation layer (2) is 5-30mm, and the thickness of the single-layer base layer (11) is 60-70mm.

7. A modular building, characterized in that, The modular building is formed by stacking multiple cuboid building modules along the vertical and / or horizontal directions; The sidewall of the building module located outside the modular building is a prefabricated exterior wall structure as described in any one of claims 1-6; When assembling adjacent building modules with the prefabricated exterior wall structure, two adjacent photovoltaic curtain walls (3) are sealed together to seal the vacuum insulation layer (2) between the finished partition wall (1) and the photovoltaic curtain wall (3).

8. The modular building as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In the exterior wall structure located at the top of the modular building, a sealing cover (4) is provided between the top of the prefabricated partition wall (1) and the top of the photovoltaic curtain wall (3).

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