Removable reinforcement device against longitudinal deformation of the tunnel

Abstract

This utility model provides a detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of tunnels, including channel steel sections and connecting assemblies. The channel steel sections are arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel segment, extending parallel to the extension direction of the tunnel segment. At least two channel steel sections are connected to form a channel steel assembly. Each channel steel section includes a web and two identical flanges. The web has a first pre-drilled hole penetrating the web. The two identical flanges are symmetrically connected to both sides of the web, with the ends of the two flanges away from the web abutting against the inner wall of the tunnel segment. The connecting assembly includes a first bolt, a second bolt, and a third bolt. The first bolt is installed on the inner wall of the tunnel segment and located between the two flanges. The second bolt is a solid cylinder with a diameter the same as the diameter of the first pre-drilled hole. The third bolt has a first cylindrical through hole with a diameter the same as the diameter of the second bolt. The second bolt passes through the first pre-drilled hole and one end is connected to the first bolt. The third bolt secures the second bolt to the web.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to reinforcement devices, and more particularly to a detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Urban rail transit, especially subways, offers advantages such as avoiding surface congestion, making full use of underground space, and speed and convenience, making it a green public transportation mode vigorously developed in many cities worldwide. However, the rapid development of urban rail transit inevitably presents challenges in limited urban construction space. For example, when constructing tunnels over subway lines, situations such as shallow tunneling depth and steep slopes can lead to severe misalignment and significant overall deformation of the tunnel segments, potentially causing damage and leakage, thus affecting tunnel construction and operation. Therefore, strict control of longitudinal deformation of tunnel segments is crucial during both the construction of the tunnel itself and when constructing projects over existing tunnels.

[0003] Currently, common methods for resisting longitudinal deformation of tunnels include pull-out anchor bolts and steel ring reinforcement. Among these methods, pull-out anchor bolts are difficult to control when using sleeve valve grouting, and the grout is easily washed away by groundwater, making it difficult to guarantee control effectiveness and causing environmental pollution and material waste. Steel ring reinforcement is often used for internal tunnel reinforcement. The steel ring is fixed to the tunnel segment with rivets, and rigid epoxy grout is filled into the gap between the steel ring and the tunnel segment to form a permanent whole. However, this method requires the steel ring to be heavy and precise positioning and installation by a robotic arm, which places strict requirements on the tunnel construction space conditions, is inconvenient to operate, and is not convenient for subsequent steel ring disassembly and grouting operations. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address at least one of the aforementioned and other technical problems in the prior art, this utility model provides a detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of tunnels. The detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of tunnels provided by this utility model includes channel steel sections and connecting assemblies. The channel steel sections are arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel segment, wherein the extending direction of the channel steel sections is parallel to the extending direction of the tunnel segment, and at least two channel steel sections are connected to form a channel steel assembly. Each channel steel section includes a web and two identical flanges. The web has a first pre-reserved hole penetrating the web. The two identical flanges are symmetrically connected to both sides of the web, wherein the end faces of the two flanges away from the web are in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel segment. The connecting assembly includes a first bolt, a second bolt, and a third bolt. The first bolt is installed on the inner wall of the tunnel segment and located between the two flanges. The second bolt is a solid cylinder with a diameter the same as the diameter of the first pre-reserved hole. The third bolt has a first cylindrical through hole with a diameter the same as the diameter of the second bolt. The second bolt passes through the first reserved hole and is connected at one end to the first bolt, and the third bolt fastens the second bolt to the web plate.

[0005] Optionally, the connecting assembly further includes an embedded part. The embedded part is inserted into the inner wall of the tunnel segment and has a first thread on its inner surface. The first bolt includes a first connecting portion. The outer peripheral surface of the first connecting portion has a second thread that engages with the first thread. The first connecting portion and the embedded part are fastened together by the first thread and the second thread.

[0006] Optionally, the first bolt further includes a second connecting portion. One end of the second connecting portion is provided with a first cylindrical groove, and the diameter of the first cylindrical groove is the same as the diameter of the second bolt. One end of the second bolt is inserted into the first cylindrical groove.

[0007] Optionally, the connecting assembly also includes a washer. The washer has a second cylindrical through hole, the diameter of which is the same as the diameter of the second bolt. The washer is fitted onto the second bolt, with one end of the washer abutting the end face of the web away from the flange.

[0008] Optionally, the third bolt is fitted onto the second bolt, with one end of the third bolt abutting against the other end of the washer.

[0009] Optionally, at least two adjacent channel steel segments are connected to form a channel steel assembly, wherein the extension directions of at least two channel steel segments are both located in the extension direction of the channel steel assembly.

[0010] Optionally, the tunnel segments include segment joints. All adjacent channel steel segments in the channel steel assembly are connected at the midpoint of the joints between adjacent segments. The shortest distance from the first pre-drilled hole to the segment joint is greater than or equal to 6 mm.

[0011] Optionally, the channel steel assembly also includes a steel plate. Each end of the steel plate abuts against and is connected to two adjacent channel steel sections. The steel plate and the channel steel sections are welded together or connected by bolts.

[0012] Optionally, the length of the channel steel segment is set to twice the wall thickness of the tunnel segment.

[0013] Optionally, the number of channel steel assemblies is at least four, and the at least four channel steel assemblies are arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the tunnel segment. The angle between the shortest line connecting each channel steel assembly and the central axis of the tunnel segment and the vertical direction is 45 degrees.

[0014] According to an embodiment of this utility model, at least two channel steel segments are connected to form a channel steel assembly, and all channel steel segments are arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel segment. The connecting assembly can secure the channel steel segments to the inner wall of the tunnel segment. When performing shield grouting operation on one channel steel segment of the channel steel assembly, the third bolt can be removed first, followed by the second bolt, and grouting can be achieved through the first reserved hole penetrating the web of the channel steel segment. Since the ends of the two flanges of the channel steel segment away from the web are in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel segment, the loss of grout during the grouting process is reduced, thereby helping to reduce grout waste and environmental pollution. Furthermore, since the first bolt is installed on the inner wall of the tunnel segment between the two flanges before grouting, the first bolt is secured to the inner wall of the tunnel segment after grouting, enhancing the tunnel segment's resistance to longitudinal deformation of the tunnel. Because the self-weight of a single channel steel segment is relatively light, it is easy to install, effectively reducing the construction difficulties under conditions of small clearance between the shield equipment and the tunnel segment. By utilizing channel steel components, the grouting effect is more easily controlled. Furthermore, after all channel steel sections in the component have been grouted, removing the component or some sections reduces the weight of the detachable reinforcement device resisting longitudinal tunnel deformation. Additionally, by passing the second bolt through the first pre-drilled hole after grouting and connecting one end to the first bolt, and then using a third bolt to secure the second bolt to the web of the channel steel section, the tunnel lining segments' resistance to longitudinal tunnel deformation can be enhanced. Therefore, the detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal tunnel deformation provided by this invention not only resists longitudinal tunnel deformation but also offers advantages such as convenient installation, no obstruction to shield tunneling grouting operations, detachability, and reusability, thus improving the quality of shield tunnel construction and ensuring safe tunnel operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer from the following description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0016] Figure 1 This schematically illustrates a sectional elevation view of a detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the connection of channel steel segments according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0019] Figure 4 The diagram illustrates a cross-sectional view of the tunnel reinforcement according to an embodiment of the present invention along the tunnel excavation direction.

[0020] In the accompanying drawings, the meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0021] 1-Tunnel segment;

[0022] 2-Channel steel assembly;

[0023] 3-Channel bed;

[0024] 4-Channel steel section;

[0025] 5-Embedded parts;

[0026] 6-First bolt;

[0027] 7 - Third bolt;

[0028] 8-Second bolt;

[0029] 9-Washer;

[0030] 10 - Steel plate;

[0031] 11-Segment joint;

[0032] 12- Steel plate bolts. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0034] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0035] All terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0036] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C," the meaning should generally be interpreted according to the understanding of someone skilled in the art. For example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include, but is not limited to, systems having A alone, having B alone, having C alone, having A and B, having A and C, having B and C, and / or having A, B, and C. Similarly, when using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, or C," the meaning should generally be interpreted according to the understanding of someone skilled in the art. For example, "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" should include, but is not limited to, systems having A alone, having B alone, having C alone, having A and B, having A and C, having B and C, and / or having A, B, and C.

[0037] It should also be noted that the directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," and "right," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Throughout the drawings, the same elements are represented by the same or similar reference numerals. Conventional structures or constructions will be omitted where they may cause confusion in understanding this utility model.

[0038] Figure 1 The diagram schematically illustrates a sectional elevation view of a detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 A schematic plan view of a detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0039] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this utility model provides a detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of a tunnel, including a channel steel section 4 and a connecting assembly. The channel steel section 4 is arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1, wherein the extension direction of the channel steel section 4 is parallel to the extension direction of the tunnel segment 1, and at least two channel steel sections 4 are connected to form a channel steel assembly 2. The channel steel section 4 includes a web and two identical flanges. The web has a first reserved hole penetrating the web. The two identical flanges are symmetrically connected on both sides of the web, wherein the end faces of the two flanges away from the web are in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1. The connecting assembly includes a first bolt 6, a second bolt 8, and a third bolt 7. The first bolt 6 is installed on the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1 and is located between the two flanges. The second bolt 8 is a solid cylinder with the same diameter as the first reserved hole. The third bolt 7 has a first cylindrical through hole with the same diameter as the second bolt 8. The second bolt 8 passes through the first reserved hole and is connected at one end to the first bolt 6, and the third bolt 7 fastens the second bolt to the web plate.

[0040] According to the embodiments of this utility model, the channel steel section 4 adopts, but is not limited to, 14b channel steel. The dimensions of the web and flanges can refer to GB / T 706-2008. Among them, the end faces of the two flanges away from the web can be further designed as arc surfaces that fit the curvature of the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1, for example, through mechanical cold bending or thermoforming. The radius of curvature of the arc surface is consistent with the radius of curvature of the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1, so as to achieve surface contact force transmission and avoid local stress concentration. At the same time, the fitting accuracy between the flange end face and the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1 can be controlled within ±1mm. It can be pressed by prefabricating arc molds in the factory, and the fitting gap is detected on site using a laser rangefinder to ensure that the single-sided contact area is ≥90%.

[0041] According to this embodiment of the invention, before installing the channel steel assembly 2, the tunnel segment 1 needs to be cleaned and positioned to assist in the installation of the first bolts 6. The spacing of the first bolts 6 on the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1 can be determined based on tunnel convergence monitoring data. A single channel steel segment 4 can be installed in a manner including but not limited to having a single first reserved hole. When at least two channel steel segments 4 are connected to form the channel steel assembly 2, the position of each first reserved hole corresponds to the installation position of each first bolt 6 on the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1.

[0042] Furthermore, the first reserved hole on the web of the channel steel section 4 is not only used for the second bolt 8 to pass through for connection, but also serves as a channel for shield grouting. Therefore, the hole diameter design must take into account the connection strength between the grouting pipe insertion and the second bolt 8. The diameter of the second bolt 8 is set to be the same as the diameter of the first reserved hole; for example, if the diameter of the first reserved hole is 22mm, the diameter of the second bolt 8 is also 22mm. The distance from the center of the first reserved hole to the root of the flange can be determined based on load calculations. The opening of the first reserved hole can also be chamfered, such as a 15° chamfer with a depth of 2mm, which facilitates the insertion of the grouting pipe and reduces stress concentration during the installation of the second bolt 8.

[0043] According to an embodiment of this utility model, the first bolt 6 and the second bolt 8, and the second bolt 8 and the third bolt 7, can all be connected by threads. Specifically, the threads of the second bolt 8 are machined in specific functional sections of its outer circumference: the end region connecting to the first bolt 6 and the middle region mating with the third bolt 7. The third bolt 7 has a first cylindrical through hole, thereby machining threads on its inner surface that match the middle region of the outer circumference of the second bolt 8. The diameter of the first cylindrical through hole can be set to be the same as the diameter of the second bolt 8; for example, when the diameter of the second bolt 8 is 22mm, the diameter of the first cylindrical through hole is 22mm. Furthermore, the connecting components are made of materials including, but not limited to, 8.8 grade high-strength alloy structural steel (grade 40Cr), with electro-galvanized surface treatment to improve corrosion resistance in the humid environment of tunnels. Anti-corrosion treatment is also strengthened at the threaded connections, such as increasing the number of applications of epoxy zinc-rich primer to minimize connection failure due to rust. Since the first bolt 6, the second bolt 8, and the third bolt 7 in the connecting assembly are independent, the installation and adjustment operations are convenient during construction, and it is also convenient to disassemble and replace them during subsequent maintenance or repair. In particular, the threaded connection makes the connecting assembly detachable, which does not hinder the normal use of the tunnel segment 1 and subsequent grouting and other construction operations.

[0044] According to an embodiment of this utility model, at least two channel steel segments 4 are connected to form a channel steel assembly 2, and the channel steel segments 4 are all arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1. The channel steel segments 4 can be fastened to the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1 through the connecting assembly. When a shield grouting operation is performed on one of the channel steel segments 4 in the channel steel assembly 2, the third bolt 7 can be removed first, then the second bolt 8 can be removed, and grouting can be achieved through the first reserved hole penetrating the web of the channel steel segment 4. Since the end faces of the two flanges of the channel steel segment 4 away from the web are in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1, the loss of grout during the grouting process is reduced, which helps to reduce the problem of grout waste and environmental pollution. Furthermore, since the first bolt 6 has been installed on the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1 and located between the two flanges before grouting, the first bolt 6 is fastened to the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1 after grouting, which enhances the resistance of the tunnel segment 1 to longitudinal deformation of the tunnel. Because a single channel steel segment 4 is lightweight and easy to install, it effectively reduces the construction difficulties under conditions of limited clearance between the shield tunneling equipment and the tunnel segment 1. By utilizing the channel steel assembly 2, the grouting effect is more easily controlled. Furthermore, after all channel steel segments 4 in the channel steel assembly 2 have been grouted, removing the channel steel assembly 2 or some channel steel segments 4 can reduce the weight of the detachable reinforcement device resisting longitudinal tunnel deformation. In addition, by passing the second bolt 8 through the first pre-drilled hole after grouting and connecting one end to the first bolt 6, and then using the third bolt 7 to fasten the second bolt 8 to the web of the channel steel segment 4, the resistance of the tunnel segment 1 to longitudinal tunnel deformation can be jointly strengthened. Therefore, the detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal tunnel deformation provided by this utility model not only resists longitudinal tunnel deformation but also has the advantages of convenient installation, not hindering shield grouting operations, detachability, and reusability, which is beneficial to improving the construction quality of shield tunnels and ensuring safe tunnel operation.

[0045] According to an embodiment of this utility model, the connecting assembly further includes an embedded part 5. The embedded part 5 is inserted into the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1 and has a first thread on its inner surface. The first bolt 6 includes a first connecting portion. The outer circumferential surface of the first connecting portion has a second thread that engages with the first thread. The first connecting portion and the embedded part 5 are fastened together by the first thread and the second thread. The first bolt 6 also includes a second connecting portion. One end of the second connecting portion has a first cylindrical groove, and the diameter of the first cylindrical groove is the same as the diameter of the second bolt 8. One end of the second bolt 8 is inserted into the first cylindrical groove.

[0046] According to an embodiment of this utility model, the embedded part 5 adopts a cylindrical structure. Specifically, when the embedded part 5 is inserted into the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1, the extension direction of the embedded part 5 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the tunnel segment 1.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first connecting part is a solid cylinder.

[0048] Furthermore, the embedded part 5 has a second cylindrical groove, thereby machining a first thread on the inner surface of the embedded part 5. Specifically, the central axis of the second cylindrical groove coincides with the central axis of the embedded part 5, and the extension direction of the second cylindrical groove is parallel to the extension direction of the first connecting part. The diameter of the second cylindrical groove can be set to be the same as the diameter of the first connecting part; for example, when the diameter of the first connecting part is 22mm, the diameter of the second cylindrical groove is 22mm.

[0049] Furthermore, the first thread may be, but is not limited to, a trapezoidal thread. The thread angle may be 30°, both the tooth tip and root may be flat, the thread height may be 1mm, the thread direction may be right-handed, and the thread pitch may be 2mm.

[0050] Furthermore, the second thread is machined to the same specifications as the first thread.

[0051] According to an embodiment of this utility model, the second connecting part adopts a cylindrical structure and is integrally formed with the first connecting part. Specifically, the central axis of the second connecting part coincides with the central axis of the first connecting part, and the diameter of the second connecting part is set to be larger than the diameter of the first connecting part, so that the cross-section of the first bolt 6 is "T" shaped.

[0052] Furthermore, the second connecting portion has a first cylindrical groove, allowing threads that match the end region of the outer circumferential surface of the second bolt 8 to be machined on the inner surface of the second connecting portion. Specifically, the central axis of the first cylindrical groove coincides with the central axis of the second connecting portion, and the extending direction of the first cylindrical groove is parallel to the extending direction of the second bolt 8. The diameter of the first cylindrical groove can be set to be the same as the diameter of the second bolt 8; for example, when the diameter of the second bolt 8 is 22mm, the diameter of the first cylindrical groove is 22mm.

[0053] According to this embodiment of the utility model, by rotating the first bolt 6, the second thread engages with the first thread, and the first connecting part of the first bolt 6 is fastened to the embedded part 5, thereby installing the first bolt 6 on the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1. This forms a tight and stable connection structure, effectively preventing the first bolt 6 from loosening or shifting on the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1. This provides a reliable support foundation for the subsequent installation of the second bolt 8 and the stabilization of the channel steel section 4. The threaded engagement method makes the positioning and installation of the first bolt 6 easier to construct compared to welding or other methods. Then, by rotating the second bolt 8, one end enters the first cylindrical groove, and the second connecting part of the second bolt 8 is fastened to the first bolt 6. The second bolt 8 passes through the first pre-drilled hole and one end is connected to the first bolt 6, which helps stabilize the channel steel section 4 and prevents it from tilting or shifting, thus affecting the subsequent grouting effect. The second bolt 8 is easy to disassemble and does not hinder subsequent grouting. In addition, during the grouting process, ensure that the grout is always below the end face of the second connection of the first bolt 6. After the grouting is completed, the second bolt 8 is still connected to the first bolt 6. The second bolt 8, together with the first bolt 6 and the tunnel segment 1, resists the longitudinal deformation of the tunnel and strengthens the tunnel's resistance to deformation.

[0054] According to an embodiment of this utility model, the connecting assembly further includes a washer 9. The washer 9 has a second cylindrical through hole, the diameter of which is the same as the diameter of the second bolt 8. The washer 9 is fitted onto the second bolt 8, with one end of the washer 9 abutting against the end face of the web away from the flange. A third bolt 7 is fitted onto the second bolt 8, with one end of the third bolt 7 abutting against the other end of the washer 9.

[0055] According to an embodiment of this utility model, the washer 9 is plate-shaped. The two plate surfaces of the washer 9 are treated for flatness and surface roughness to ensure a smooth and tight fit with the web and the third bolt 7, reducing stress concentration. The thickness of the washer 9 can be set to 3-10mm, with the specific thickness selected according to actual engineering requirements and stress conditions to provide sufficient support strength. The cross-sectional shape of the washer 9 includes, but is not limited to, a regular hexagon. The washer 9 also has a second cylindrical through hole, allowing for chamfering or polishing of the inner surface of the washer 9 to avoid scratching the surface of the second bolt 8. Furthermore, the diameter of the second cylindrical through hole can be set to be the same as the diameter of the second bolt 8. For example, when the diameter of the second bolt 8 is 22mm, the diameter of the second cylindrical through hole is also 22mm. Using the same diameter design ensures coaxiality and tight fit between the washer 9 and the second bolt 8, preventing the washer 9 from shaking or shifting during use. Furthermore, the central axis of the second cylindrical through hole coincides with the central axis of the washer 9, and the extension direction of the second cylindrical through hole is parallel to the extension direction of the second bolt 8. This design allows the washer 9 to evenly distribute the pressure from the web or the third bolt 7, thereby improving the stability of the connection assembly.

[0056] According to this embodiment of the invention, by first fitting the washer 9 onto the second bolt 8, with one end of the washer 9 contacting the end face of the web away from the flange, and then rotating the third bolt 7 to fit onto the second bolt 8, with one end of the third bolt 7 contacting the other end of the washer 9, the third bolt 7 secures the second bolt 8 to the web, thus stabilizing the placement of the channel steel section 4. The washer 9 serves to evenly distribute pressure, protect the contact surface, and adjust the gap, preventing localized deformation or damage that might occur if the third bolt 7 directly contacts the web. Furthermore, the washer 9 improves the fatigue resistance of the connecting components and extends their service life.

[0057] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the connection of a channel steel segment according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 The diagram illustrates a cross-sectional view of the tunnel reinforcement according to an embodiment of the present invention along the tunnel excavation direction.

[0058] like Figures 3-4 As shown, at least two adjacent channel steel segments 4 are connected to form a channel steel assembly 2, wherein the extension directions of at least two channel steel segments 4 are both located in the extension direction of the channel steel assembly 2. The tunnel segment 1 includes a segment joint 11. All adjacent pairs of channel steel segments 4 in the channel steel assembly 2 are connected at the midpoint of adjacent segment joints 11. The shortest distance from the first pre-drilled hole to the segment joint 11 is greater than or equal to 6 mm.

[0059] According to the embodiment of this utility model, since the extension direction of the channel steel segment 4 is arranged parallel to the extension direction of the tunnel segment 1, when the channel steel assembly 2 is formed by connecting them, the extension direction of the channel steel assembly 2 is also parallel to the extension direction of the tunnel segment 1.

[0060] According to the embodiment of this utility model, the segment joint 11 includes components such as sealing strips and waterstop strips. The strength of the tunnel segment 1 is weakened at the segment joint 11. However, the strength of the tunnel segment 1 is weakened at the middle position of two adjacent segment joints 11. By arranging the connection positions of all two adjacent channel steel segments 4 in the channel steel assembly 2 at this position, the adverse effects of the segment joint 11 on the connection of the channel steel segments 4 can be reduced.

[0061] Furthermore, the wall surface of the tunnel segment 1 near the segment joint 11 is prone to micro-cracks due to long-term water and soil pressure and assembly errors. By limiting the shortest distance, the stress around the first reserved hole can be prevented from spreading to the segment joint 11, which would cause the tunnel segment 1 to break at the segment joint 11.

[0062] Furthermore, after grouting is completed, the entire channel steel assembly 2 or part of the channel steel section 4 can be removed. After removal, since the first bolt 6 has a groove, the second bolt 8 can be connected or mechanical anchors can be used to further reinforce the grouting area of ​​the tunnel segment 1. The anchoring force of the mechanical anchor depends on the gripping effect of the tunnel segment 1 material, and the shortest distance from the mechanical anchor to the segment joint 11 must be greater than or equal to 6 mm to ensure that the tunnel segment 1 will not break due to excessive local pressure when the anchoring position is under stress.

[0063] According to the embodiments of this utility model, by avoiding the segment joint 11 through the first reserved hole of each channel steel segment 4, the reliability of the connection between each channel steel segment 4 and the tunnel segment 1 is effectively improved, which is conducive to improving the grouting effect. At the same time, by connecting at least two adjacent channel steel segments 4 to form a channel steel assembly 2, effective load transfer between the channel steel segments 4 can be ensured. Through the synergistic effect of the fixed channel steel segments 4 and the tunnel segment 1, the channel steel assembly 2 can be firmly attached to the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1. Thus, during the removal of the third bolt 7, washer 9 and second bolt 8 of a single channel steel segment 4 and the grouting process, the channel steel segment 4 can still fit well with the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1, reducing grout loss and ensuring the grouting effect.

[0064] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the channel steel assembly 2 further includes a steel plate 10. Both ends of the steel plate 10 abut against two adjacent channel steel sections 4 and are connected to the channel steel sections 4, wherein the steel plate 10 and the channel steel sections 4 are welded together or connected by steel plate bolts 12.

[0065] According to an embodiment of this utility model, the cross-section of the steel plate 10 includes, but is not limited to, a rectangle. The thickness of the steel plate 10 includes, but is not limited to, 6-12mm. The length direction of the steel plate 10 is parallel to the extension direction of the channel steel segment 4, and the width of the steel plate 10 is less than the width of the web of the channel steel segment 4.

[0066] Furthermore, if the channel steel section 4 does not need to be removed, the steel plate 10 and the channel steel section 4 can be connected by welding.

[0067] Furthermore, if the channel steel segment 4 needs to be removed, the specific connection method can be as follows: Two symmetrically arranged arrays of reserved holes are provided on the steel plate 10, located at both ends of the steel plate 10 where they abut against two adjacent channel steel segments 4. Each array of reserved holes includes at least two second reserved holes. The steel plate bolts 12 include, but are not limited to, high-strength hexagonal head bolts with a performance grade greater than or equal to 8.8. The diameter of the second reserved hole can be set to be 1-2 mm larger than the nominal diameter of the steel plate bolt 12; for example, the diameter of the second reserved hole corresponding to an M20 bolt can be 22 mm, to ensure that the steel plate bolt 12 passes smoothly through the second reserved hole and connects to the channel steel segment 4.

[0068] Furthermore, the materials of the steel plate 10 and the steel plate bolts 12 include, but are not limited to, Q235B carbon structural steel or Q345B low-alloy high-strength structural steel. The surfaces of the steel plate 10 and the steel plate bolts 12 can be hot-dip galvanized to adapt to the humid and corrosive environment inside the tunnel, extending the service life of the steel plate 10 and the steel plate bolts 12, and improving the reliability of the connection between adjacent channel steel sections 4.

[0069] According to this embodiment of the utility model, by having both ends of the steel plate 10 abut against two adjacent channel steel sections 4, a uniform load transfer is achieved at the connection point between the two adjacent channel steel sections 4, ensuring a stable and reliable connection between the channel steel sections 4. Furthermore, by providing pre-drilled holes in the steel plate 10 and using steel plate bolts 12 for connection, the channel steel sections 4 are easy to disassemble, reducing the weight of the channel steel assembly 2 or allowing for subsequent reuse of the channel steel sections 4, thus reducing material waste and saving costs.

[0070] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the length of the channel steel section 4 is set to twice the wall thickness of the tunnel segment 1.

[0071] According to an embodiment of this utility model, the distribution area of ​​the grout injected into each channel steel segment 4 on the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1 is related to the length of the channel steel segment 4. The wall thickness of the tunnel segment 1 can be determined by parameters such as external water and soil pressure and ground load. Furthermore, when the channel steel segments 4 are connected to form a channel steel assembly 2, the length of the channel steel assembly 2 can be further determined.

[0072] According to this embodiment of the invention, by setting the length of each channel steel segment 4 to twice the wall thickness of the tunnel segment 1, a reasonable operating space is reserved for subsequent grouting operations, ensuring the grouting volume. This also helps to avoid grout loss caused by gaps between the contact surface of a single channel steel segment 4 and the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1 due to its excessive length when grouting is performed on the connecting components of one of the channel steel segments 4 of the channel steel assembly 2, thus improving grouting quality. Simultaneously, this length provides ease of installation for the channel steel segment 4. Furthermore, when disassembling the channel steel assembly 2 after grouting, this length of the channel steel segment 4 can reduce weight and save materials, especially in cases where some channel steel components 2 are fixed together with the grout and difficult to disassemble, or where some channel steel components 2 are retained to cooperate in resisting tunnel deformation. In addition, the fixed length design allows the channel steel segment 4 to be prefabricated in the factory and quickly assembled on-site, facilitating maintenance and replacement.

[0073] According to an embodiment of this utility model, the number of channel steel components 2 is at least four, and the at least four channel steel components 2 are arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1. The angle between the shortest line connecting each channel steel component 2 and the central axis of the tunnel segment 1 and the vertical direction is 45 degrees.

[0074] According to an embodiment of this utility model, taking a tunnel with a diameter of 6m and four channel steel components 2 as an example, the shortest line connecting the central axis of the four channel steel components 2 and the tunnel segment 1 makes an angle of 45 degrees with the vertical direction, thereby forming a cross-symmetrical support system.

[0075] According to the embodiment of this utility model, the channel steel components 2 are arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1, and all the channel steel components 2 together form a symmetrical support system, which can evenly resist the combined force of the overburden pressure from the top of the tunnel segment 1, the reaction force from the bottom, and the water and soil pressure from both sides. In the process of assisting grouting or jointly resisting the longitudinal deformation of the tunnel, the channel steel components 2 distribute the load on the tunnel segment 1 evenly along the circumference, preventing the tunnel segment 1 from undergoing elliptical deformation.

[0076] According to the embodiments of this utility model, the specific implementation process of installing the detachable reinforcement device to resist longitudinal deformation of the tunnel and performing grouting operations includes, but is not limited to:

[0077] Step 1: Based on the on-site survey results, determine the actual longitudinal tensioning and reinforcement range of the tunnel, and ensure that the top and bottom track bed 3 of the tunnel have the conditions for reinforcement;

[0078] Step 2: First, use the first bolt 6 to securely fix the embedded part 5 to the tunnel segment 1, and then use the second bolt 8, washer 9 and the third bolt 7 to fix the channel steel section 4 to the embedded part 5 and the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1.

[0079] Step 3: Adjacent channel steel sections 4 are connected by steel plates 10 and steel plate bolts 12 to form an integral channel steel assembly 2;

[0080] Step 4: After removing the second bolt 8, the surrounding strata can be reinforced by grouting through the first reserved hole of the channel steel section 4, which, together with the longitudinal channel steel assembly 2, can enhance the tunnel's resistance to deformation.

[0081] Step 5: After the tunnel is stabilized, the channel steel assembly 2 can be removed. After removal, the second bolt 8 can still be firmly fixed to the first bolt 6 and the inner wall of the tunnel segment 1.

[0082] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Although various embodiments have been described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used advantageously in combination. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Various substitutions and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention, and all such substitutions and modifications should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of a tunnel, characterized in that, include: Channel steel segments (4) are arranged on the inner wall of tunnel segments (1), wherein the extending direction of the channel steel segments (4) is parallel to the extending direction of the tunnel segments (1), and at least two channel steel segments (4) are connected to form a channel steel assembly (2), wherein the channel steel segments (4) include: The web plate is provided with a first reserved hole that penetrates the web plate; Two identical flanges are symmetrically connected to both sides of the web, wherein the end faces of the two flanges away from the web are in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel segment (1); Connection components, including: The first bolt (6) is installed on the inner wall of the tunnel segment (1) and located between the two flanges. The cross-section of the first bolt (6) is "T" shaped. The second bolt (8) is a solid cylinder with the same diameter as the first reserved hole; The third bolt (7) is provided with a first cylindrical through hole, the diameter of which is the same as the diameter of the second bolt (8); Wherein, the second bolt (8) passes through the first reserved hole and one end is connected to the first bolt (6), the third bolt (7) fastens the second bolt (8) to the web plate, at least two adjacent channel steel segments (4) are connected to form the channel steel assembly (2), and the extension direction of at least two channel steel segments (4) is located in the extension direction of the channel steel assembly (2); the tunnel segment (1) includes a segment joint (11), and the connection position of all two adjacent channel steel segments (4) in the channel steel assembly (2) is located in the middle position of two adjacent segment joints (11); the shortest distance from the first reserved hole to the segment joint (11) is greater than or equal to 6 mm.

2. The detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting assembly further includes: a pre-embedded part (5), which is inserted into the inner wall of the tunnel segment (1) and has a first thread on its inner surface; The first bolt (6) includes: The first connecting part has a second thread on its outer peripheral surface that fits with the first thread; The first connecting part and the embedded part (5) are fastened together by the first thread and the second thread.

3. The detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first bolt (6) also includes: The second connecting part has a first cylindrical groove at one end, and the diameter of the first cylindrical groove is the same as the diameter of the second bolt (8). One end of the second bolt (8) is inserted into the first cylindrical groove.

4. The detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connection component also includes: The washer (9) is provided with a second cylindrical through hole, the diameter of which is the same as the diameter of the second bolt (8); The washer (9) is fitted onto the second bolt (8), and one end of the washer (9) is in contact with the end face of the web that is away from the flange.

5. The detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, The third bolt (7) is fitted onto the second bolt (8), and one end of the third bolt (7) is in contact with the other end of the washer (9).

6. The detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The channel steel assembly (2) also includes: A steel plate (10), the two ends of which abut against two adjacent channel steel sections (4) and are connected to the channel steel sections (4); The steel plate (10) and the channel steel section (4) are welded or connected by steel plate bolts (12).

7. The detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the channel steel section (4) is set to twice the wall thickness of the tunnel segment (1).

8. The detachable reinforcement device for resisting longitudinal deformation of tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the channel steel components (2) is at least 4, and the at least 4 channel steel components (2) are arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the tunnel segment (1); The shortest line connecting the central axis of each channel steel assembly (2) and the tunnel segment (1) forms an angle of 45 degrees with the vertical direction.

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