Magnesium alloy 3D printing smoke absorption device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of magnesium alloy 3D printing smoke absorption device, it is mainly related to metal printing auxiliary equipment technical field.A kind of magnesium alloy 3D printing smoke absorption device, including multistage filter box and fixedly arranged at its both ends smoke duct, smoke exhaust duct, the air inlet end of the multistage filter box is fixedly connected with smoke duct, the air outlet end of the multistage filter box is fixedly connected with dust fan, the air outlet of the dust fan is fixedly connected with smoke exhaust duct, and the air inlet of the smoke duct is fixedly installed with gas-collecting hood.The utility model has the beneficial effect that: the device is provided with the negative pressure power by dust fan, realizes the active, efficient capture to printing area smoke, and carries out grading filtration treatment to smoke by multistage filter box, avoids the problem that single-stage filtration is not complete to different particle size or form impurity filtration, significantly improves overall filtration precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model mainly relates to the field of metal printing auxiliary equipment technology, specifically a magnesium alloy 3D printing smoke absorption device. Background Technology

[0002] During the 3D printing of magnesium alloys, volatile fumes containing MgO are easily generated, mainly in the form of high-temperature particulate matter (MgO powder) and a small amount of gaseous oxides. These fumes not only affect personnel observation and equipment operation, posing safety hazards, but can also be generated during the liquid injection reaction, ultimately resulting in loose texture and impurities. Currently, the main method to prevent the generation of volatile fumes is to introduce CO2 gas or a protective gas containing CO2 mixed with argon (or nitrogen). However, introducing CO2 gas will react with the injected molten magnesium, also producing loose texture and oxide slag impurities, affecting the final internal structure of the printed ingot.

[0003] Existing fumigation equipment has insufficient filtration precision, only able to intercept large particles, while fine particles and gaseous impurities will still circulate with the protective gas; lacking a pressure regulation mechanism, the fumigation process is prone to causing pressure fluctuations in the printing chamber, interfering with the stability of magnesium liquid injection. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a magnesium alloy 3D-printed smoke absorption device, achieved through the following technical solution: A magnesium alloy 3D printed smoke absorption device includes a multi-stage filter box and a smoke extraction pipe and a smoke exhaust pipe fixed at both ends of the filter box. The air inlet of the multi-stage filter box is fixedly connected to the smoke extraction pipe, the exhaust end of the multi-stage filter box is fixedly connected to a dust removal fan, the exhaust port of the dust removal fan is fixedly connected to the smoke exhaust pipe, and a gas collection hood is fixedly installed at the air inlet of the smoke extraction pipe.

[0005] Furthermore, two symmetrically arranged partitions are fixedly installed inside the multi-stage filter box, which divide the interior of the multi-stage filter box into three independent chambers. The three independent chambers are, in order, a primary filter chamber, a secondary filter chamber, and a tertiary filter chamber from the air inlet end to the air outlet end of the multi-stage filter box. A through groove is provided in the center of the partition, which connects the primary filter chamber, the secondary filter chamber, and the tertiary filter chamber in sequence.

[0006] Furthermore, a metal filter screen is provided inside the primary filtration chamber. The surface of the metal filter screen is densely covered with through holes. The metal filter screen is bent in a "W" shape to form multiple continuous pleats. Several limiting plates are fixedly installed at the top and bottom of the rear of the primary filtration chamber, and the metal filter screen is detachably connected to the limiting plates.

[0007] Furthermore, the limiting plate has a slot on the side facing the metal filter screen, and the bent part of the metal filter screen is engaged with the corresponding slot.

[0008] Furthermore, several symmetrically arranged C-shaped slide rails are fixedly installed on the top and bottom surfaces of the inner wall of the secondary filtration chamber. The two C-shaped slide rails arranged opposite each other are matched as a group. A rectangular frame is slidably installed in each group of C-shaped slide rails. A glass fiber filter cloth is fixedly installed in the rectangular frame. The glass fiber filter cloth is folded into several pleats along its length.

[0009] Furthermore, a filter screen box is placed inside the three-stage filtration chamber, and the filter screen box is filled with spherical molecular sieves.

[0010] Furthermore, the primary, secondary, and tertiary filtration chambers are all filled with pearl cotton, which is used to fill the gaps between the inner wall of the multi-stage filtration box and the metal filter screen, glass fiber filter cloth, and filter screen box.

[0011] Furthermore, a proportional switch valve for the smoke inlet is fixedly installed near the air inlet of the smoke inlet pipe, and a proportional switch valve for the exhaust outlet is fixedly installed near the exhaust outlet of the exhaust outlet pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the multi-stage filter box has three access ports at the front, which are respectively connected to the primary filter chamber, the secondary filter chamber, and the tertiary filter chamber. Each access port is fitted with a hinged sealing door, and each sealing door has an observation window in front of it, with a high-temperature resistant glass plate inside.

[0013] Furthermore, a waste collection box is integrally fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the primary filtration chamber. The upper end of the waste collection box communicates with the primary filtration chamber. An inclined plate is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the waste collection box, with the inclined plate tilting towards the waste collection box. A discharge port is provided at the bottom of the waste collection box. A through groove is provided at the bottom of one side of the waste collection box. A sealing plate is inserted into the through groove. The sealing plate extends into the waste collection box and slides in cooperation with its inner wall.

[0014] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This device uses the negative pressure provided by the dust removal fan to actively and efficiently capture smoke in the printing area, solving the problems of obstructed observation and operational interference caused by traditional smoke diffusion. It constructs a complete smoke treatment process of "smoke collection-transportation-filtration-recirculation" through a gas collection hood, smoke extraction pipe, multi-stage filter box, and smoke exhaust pipe, providing a stable airflow path for subsequent graded filtration and improving the smoke treatment effect.

[0015] 2. This device achieves a graded filtration process of "coarse filtration - fine filtration - chemical adsorption" through a primary filtration chamber, a secondary filtration chamber, and a tertiary filtration chamber. This avoids the problem of incomplete filtration of impurities of different particle sizes or shapes by single-stage filtration and significantly improves the overall filtration accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the multi-stage filter box of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the multi-stage filter box of this utility model; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of part I; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal filter screen of this utility model.

[0017] The following are the labels in the attached diagram: 10, multi-stage filter box; 101, primary filter chamber; 1011, metal filter screen; 1012, through hole; 1013, limiting plate; 1014, slot; 102, secondary filter chamber; 1021, C-shaped slide rail; 1022, rectangular frame; 1023, glass fiber filter cloth; 103, tertiary filter chamber; 1031, filter screen box; 20, smoke extraction pipe; 201, air collection hood; 202, smoke extraction port proportional valve; 30, exhaust pipe; 301, exhaust port proportional valve; 40, dust removal fan; 50, partition; 501, through groove; 60, inspection port; 601, sealed door; 602, observation window; 70, waste collection box; 701, inclined plate; 702, through groove; 703, sealing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined in this application.

[0019] Example: A magnesium alloy 3D printed smoke absorption device like Figure 1-5 As shown, a magnesium alloy 3D-printed smoke absorption device has the following specific structure: The multi-stage filter box 10 and the smoke extraction pipe 20 and the smoke exhaust pipe 30 are fixed at both ends of the multi-stage filter box 10. The air inlet end of the multi-stage filter box 10 is fixedly connected to the smoke extraction pipe 20, the exhaust end of the multi-stage filter box 10 is fixedly connected to the dust removal fan 40, the exhaust port of the dust removal fan 40 is fixedly connected to the smoke exhaust pipe 30, and a gas collection hood 201 is fixedly installed at the air inlet of the smoke extraction pipe 20.

[0020] The working principle described above is as follows: During the magnesium alloy 3D printing process, a gas collection hood 201 is placed inside the printing cavity of the magnesium alloy 3D printing equipment, and the exhaust port of the smoke exhaust pipe 30 is reconnected to the printing cavity. The dust removal fan 40 is started, and the operation of the dust removal fan 40 generates negative pressure suction, so that the MgO-containing volatile smoke generated in the printing area is efficiently captured by the gas collection hood 201. Under the action of negative pressure, the captured smoke enters the multi-stage filter box 10 along the smoke exhaust pipe 20 for step-by-step filtration. The gas filtered by the multi-stage filter box 10 (mainly clean protective gas) is driven by the dust removal fan 40 and flows back to the printing cavity through the smoke exhaust pipe 30, completing the basic pathway for smoke absorption and gas circulation.

[0021] Two symmetrically arranged partitions 50 are fixedly installed inside the multi-stage filter box 10. The partitions 50 divide the interior of the multi-stage filter box 10 into three independent chambers. The three independent chambers are, from the air inlet to the air outlet, a primary filter chamber 101, a secondary filter chamber 102, and a tertiary filter chamber 103. A through groove 501 is provided in the center of the partition 50, which connects the primary filter chamber 101, the secondary filter chamber 102, and the tertiary filter chamber 103 in sequence.

[0022] After the MgO-containing smoke enters the multi-stage filter box 10 through the smoke extraction pipe 20, it first enters the primary filter chamber 101 for coarse filtration under the guidance of airflow. The smoke needs to pass through the primary filter chamber 101 in sequence → the through groove 501 set on the left side → the secondary filter chamber 102 → the through groove 501 set on the right side → the tertiary filter chamber 103. Different filtration tasks with different precisions are completed in the three independent chambers, and finally discharged from the exhaust end of the multi-stage filter box 10.

[0023] The primary filtration chamber 101 is equipped with a metal filter screen 1011. The surface of the metal filter screen 1011 is densely covered with through holes 1012. The metal filter screen 1011 is bent in a "W" shape, forming multiple continuous pleats. Several limiting plates 1013 are fixedly installed at the top and bottom of the rear of the primary filtration chamber 101. The metal filter screen 1011 is detachably connected to the limiting plates 1013. L-shaped connecting plates are fixedly installed at both ends of the metal filter screen 1011. An installation hole is opened on one side of the L-shaped connecting plate. Screw holes corresponding to the installation holes are opened on both sides of the inner wall of the primary filtration chamber 101. The L-shaped connecting plates can be fixed in the primary filtration chamber 101 with bolts, thereby further improving the stability of the metal filter screen 1011. After MgO-containing smoke enters the primary filtration chamber 101, the airflow passes through the metal filter 1011. Larger MgO particles (such as particles ≥0.5mm) in the smoke are intercepted by the through holes 1012 on the surface of the metal filter 1011 and cannot enter the subsequent chambers with the airflow. The "W"-shaped bending structure of the metal filter 1011 increases the contact area with the smoke and prolongs the residence time of the airflow in the primary filtration chamber 101, which greatly improves the interception efficiency of large MgO particles, prevents large particles from entering the subsequent chambers and clogging the fine filter elements, and extends the service life of the overall filtration system. The limiting plate 1013 fixes the metal filter 1011 to prevent it from shifting or deforming under the impact of airflow.

[0024] The limiting plate 1013 has a slot 1014 on the side facing the metal filter 1011, and the bent portion of the metal filter 1011 is engaged with the corresponding slot 1014. When installing the metal filter 1011, its "W"-shaped bent portion is aligned with the slot 1014 on the limiting plate 1013, so that the bent portion is fully engaged in the slot 1014; the slot 1014 forms a circumferential limit on the bent portion of the metal filter 1011, preventing the filter from shifting in the horizontal or vertical direction under the action of airflow, and ensuring that the filter is always in the optimal filtration position perpendicular to the airflow; when disassembling, only the bent portion of the filter needs to be removed from the slot 1014, without disassembling the limiting plate 1013.

[0025] Several symmetrically arranged C-shaped slide rails 1021 are fixedly installed on the top and bottom surfaces of the inner wall of the secondary filtration chamber 102. Two C-shaped slide rails 1021 arranged opposite each other are matched as a group. A rectangular frame 1022 is slidably installed in each group of C-shaped slide rails 1021. A glass fiber filter cloth 1023 is fixedly installed in the rectangular frame 1022. The glass fiber filter cloth 1023 is folded into several pleats along its length. After the smoke passes through the primary filter, it enters the secondary filter chamber 102. The airflow passes through the glass fiber filter cloth 1023 inside the rectangular frame 1022. Small MgO particles (such as 0.1~0.5mm) in the smoke are intercepted by the fiber gaps of the glass fiber filter cloth 1023, achieving fine filtration. The folded structure of the glass fiber filter cloth 1023 increases the contact area with the airflow, improving the capture efficiency of fine particles. The rectangular frame 1022 can slide along the C-shaped slide rail 1021, making it easy to pull out or push the entire frame into the secondary filter chamber 102 to replace the filter cloth. The sliding engagement of the C-shaped slide rail 1021 and the rectangular frame 1022 enables the "drawer-style" replacement of the filter cloth, which is convenient to operate. The frame also provides support for the filter cloth, preventing it from deforming under airflow.

[0026] The three-stage filtration chamber 103 contains a filter screen box 1031, which is filled with spherical molecular sieves. After the smoke (mainly residual gaseous oxides and trace fine particles) has passed through the first two stages of filtration, it enters the three-stage filtration chamber 103, and the airflow passes through the filter screen box 1031. The gaseous oxides in the smoke (such as a small amount of gaseous MgO) are adsorbed by the spherical molecular sieves in the filter screen box 1031, while the trace residual fine particles are intercepted by the mesh of the filter screen box 1031. The mesh size of the filter screen box 1031 is smaller than the diameter of the spherical molecular sieves, preventing leakage of the spherical molecular sieves while ensuring smooth airflow, ultimately achieving deep purification of the smoke.

[0027] The 13X type spherical molecule sieve has a strong adsorption capacity for gaseous oxides and can effectively remove gaseous impurities that cannot be handled by the first two stages of filtration, so that the cleanliness of the final discharged protective gas is ≥99%, which meets the cleanliness requirements for the protective gas to flow back to the printing cavity and avoids secondary pollution.

[0028] The primary filtration chamber 101, secondary filtration chamber 102, and tertiary filtration chamber 103 are all filled with pearl cotton. The pearl cotton is used to fill the gaps between the inner wall of the multi-stage filter box 10 and the metal filter screen 1011, glass fiber filter cloth 1023, and filter screen box 1031. The pearl cotton filling these gaps forms a sealing layer. When smoke flows through each chamber, the pearl cotton blocks the escape path of smoke from the gaps between the filter element and the box wall, ensuring that all smoke passes through the filter element for filtration. Simultaneously, the cushioning effect of the pearl cotton reduces vibration of the filter element during equipment operation, preventing damage to the element. In order to ensure that the smoke enters the multi-stage filter box 10 normally, pearl cotton is not installed at the two ends of the multi-stage filter box 10 and at the through groove 501 in the center of the partition 50.

[0029] A proportional valve 202 is fixedly installed near the air inlet of the smoke extraction duct 20, and a proportional valve 301 is fixedly installed near the exhaust outlet of the exhaust duct 30. When the smoke volume is small at the beginning of printing, the opening of the proportional valve 202 is reduced to decrease the air intake of the smoke extraction duct 20, while the opening of the proportional valve 301 is increased to ensure stable exhaust volume and maintain pressure balance within the printing chamber. As printing progresses and the smoke volume increases, the opening of the proportional valve 202 is increased to enhance the smoke extraction, while the opening of the proportional valve 301 is simultaneously adjusted to match the smoke extraction volume, ensuring efficient smoke absorption while preventing excessively high or low pressure within the chamber. Through the coordinated control of the opening ratios of the two valves, a dynamic balance between air intake and exhaust is achieved.

[0030] The proportional switching valve's adjustment function allows the device to adapt to changes in smoke volume throughout the printing cycle (less in the initial stage, more in the middle stage), avoiding the problems of "excessive suction in the initial stage interfering with magnesium liquid injection" or "insufficient suction in the middle stage causing smoke escape" caused by a fixed air volume, thus improving the adaptability of smoke absorption. By adjusting the proportional switching valve 301 at the exhaust port, the return speed of the protective gas is controlled, maintaining stable pressure in the printing chamber (0.08~0.1MPa), avoiding pressure fluctuations from affecting the forming quality of the magnesium alloy printing ingot, and solving the problem of pressure instability caused by traditional protective gas. The valve's proportional adjustment accuracy is high, and it can be linked with a PLC controller to achieve automated control, reducing manual operation and improving the device's intelligence level.

[0031] The multi-stage filter box 10 has three access ports 60 on the front. The three access ports 60 are respectively connected to the primary filter chamber 101, the secondary filter chamber 102, and the tertiary filter chamber 103. Each access port 60 is hinged with a sealing door 601. A door lock is provided between the sealing door 601 and the access port 60. Each sealing door 601 has an observation window 602 on the front. The observation window 602 is equipped with a high-temperature resistant glass plate. During normal operation, the sealing door 601 is closed and seals with the inspection port 60 to prevent smoke from leaking from the inspection port 60. Through the observation window 602 on the sealing door 601, the dust accumulation of the metal filter screen 1011 in the primary filtration chamber 101, the clogging of the glass fiber filter cloth 1023 in the secondary filtration chamber 102, and the status of the molecular sieve in the tertiary filtration chamber 103 can be observed in real time. When maintenance is required, the sealing door 601 is opened, and the filter elements of each chamber are cleaned or replaced through the corresponding inspection port 60. After maintenance is completed, the sealing door 601 is closed to restore operation.

[0032] A waste collection box 70 is integrally fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the primary filter chamber 101. The upper end of the waste collection box 70 communicates with the primary filter chamber 101. An inclined plate 701 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the waste collection box 70, with the inclined plate 701 tilting towards the waste collection box 70. A discharge port is provided at the bottom of the waste collection box 70. A through groove 702 is provided at the bottom of one side of the waste collection box 70. A sealing plate 703 is inserted into the through groove 702. The sealing plate 703 extends into the waste collection box 70 and slides in cooperation with its inner wall. Large particles of MgO waste intercepted by the metal filter screen 1011 in the primary filtration chamber 101 fall to the bottom of the primary filtration chamber 101 under gravity, and then slide into the waste collection box 70 along the inclined direction of the inclined plate 701, realizing the centralized collection of waste. During normal operation, the sealing plate 703 is inserted into the through groove 702 to seal the discharge port of the waste collection box 70 and prevent smoke from leaking from the discharge port. When the waste in the waste collection box 70 accumulates to a certain amount, the sealing plate 703 is pulled out and the waste is discharged from the discharge port. After cleaning, the sealing plate 703 can be reinserted. The surface of the sealing plate 703 is covered with a rubber layer, which can greatly improve the sealing effect of the sealing plate 703 and prevent leakage from the part of the sealing plate 703 in contact with the through groove 702 and the waste collection box 70, thereby improving the use effect of this device.

[0033] This solution also includes a PLC controller. The location of the PLC controller is set by the operator according to the actual situation during operation. The PLC controller is used to control the electrical components used in this solution. It is used in conjunction with a motherboard, memory modules, storage media, and power supply. The power supply is AC power or a lithium battery. When a display screen is provided, a display card is also provided. For the operating principle of the controller, please refer to "Automatic Control Principles", "Microcontroller Principles and Application Simulation Cases", and "Sensor Principles and Applications" published by Tsinghua University Press. Other books in this field can also be consulted. Other automation control and electrical components not mentioned are knowledge well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0034] In explaining this utility model, it should be noted that the terms indicating location are only for ease of description and understanding, and are not intended to limit the installation location of specific technical features. Other possible installation methods are not excluded.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A magnesium alloy 3D printed smoke absorption device, comprising a multi-stage filter box (10) and smoke extraction pipes (20) and smoke exhaust pipes (30) fixed at both ends thereof, characterized in that: The air inlet of the multi-stage filter box (10) is fixedly connected to the smoke extraction pipe (20), the exhaust end of the multi-stage filter box (10) is fixedly connected to the dust removal fan (40), the exhaust port of the dust removal fan (40) is fixedly connected to the smoke exhaust pipe (30), and a gas collection hood (201) is fixedly installed at the air inlet of the smoke extraction pipe (20). The multi-stage filter box (10) is fixedly installed with two symmetrically arranged partitions (50). The partitions (50) divide the interior of the multi-stage filter box (10) into three independent chambers. The three independent chambers are, from the air inlet end to the air outlet end of the multi-stage filter box (10), a first-stage filter chamber (101), a second-stage filter chamber (102), and a third-stage filter chamber (103). The partitions (50) have a through groove (501) in the center, which connects the first-stage filter chamber (101), the second-stage filter chamber (102), and the third-stage filter chamber (103) in sequence. The primary filter chamber (101) is provided with a metal filter screen (1011). The surface of the metal filter screen (1011) is densely provided with through holes (1012). The metal filter screen (1011) is bent in a "W" shape to form multiple continuous pleats. Several limiting plates (1013) are fixedly installed at the top and bottom of the rear of the primary filter chamber (101). The metal filter screen (1011) and the limiting plates (1013) are detachably connected. The top and bottom surfaces of the inner wall of the secondary filtration chamber (102) are respectively fixedly installed with several symmetrically arranged C-shaped slide rails (1021). The two C-shaped slide rails (1021) arranged opposite each other are matched as a group. A rectangular frame (1022) is slidably installed in each group of C-shaped slide rails (1021). A glass fiber filter cloth (1023) is fixedly installed in the rectangular frame (1022). The glass fiber filter cloth (1023) is folded into several pleats along the length direction. The three-stage filtration chamber (103) contains a filter screen box (1031), which is filled with spherical molecular sieves. A proportional valve (202) for the smoke inlet is fixedly installed near the air inlet of the smoke inlet pipe (20), and a proportional valve (301) for the exhaust outlet pipe (30) is fixedly installed near the exhaust outlet.

2. The magnesium alloy 3D printing smoke absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting plate (1013) has a slot (1014) on the side facing the metal filter (1011), and the bent part of the metal filter (1011) is engaged with the corresponding slot (1014).

3. The magnesium alloy 3D printing smoke absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary filtration chamber (101), secondary filtration chamber (102), and tertiary filtration chamber (103) are all filled with pearl cotton, which is used to fill the gaps between the inner wall of the multi-stage filter box (10) and the metal filter screen (1011), glass fiber filter cloth (1023), and filter screen box (1031).

4. The magnesium alloy 3D printing smoke absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage filter box (10) has three inspection ports (60) on the front. The three inspection ports (60) are respectively connected to the primary filter chamber (101), the secondary filter chamber (102) and the tertiary filter chamber (103). Each inspection port (60) is hinged with a sealing door (601). Each sealing door (601) has an observation window (602) on the front. The observation window (602) is equipped with a high-temperature resistant glass plate.

5. The magnesium alloy 3D printing smoke absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waste collection box (70) is integrally fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the primary filter chamber (101). The upper end of the waste collection box (70) is connected to the primary filter chamber (101). An inclined plate (701) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the waste collection box (70). The inclined plate (701) is inclined towards the waste collection box (70). The bottom of the waste collection box (70) is provided with a discharge port. A through groove (702) is provided on the bottom of one side of the waste collection box (70). A sealing plate (703) is inserted into the through groove (702). The sealing plate (703) extends into the waste collection box (70) and slides with its inner wall.

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