A crude oil refining apparatus

Abstract

The utility model provides a crude oil refining device relates to crude oil processing technical field, including agitator tank, chute, circulating assembly and candle formula filter, is provided with the discharge end and the circulation end on the agitator tank, the chute sets up on the agitator tank, the chute is used for adding adsorbent to the agitator tank, the circulating assembly is connected with the discharge end of agitator tank, and the circulation end of agitator tank is connected, be provided with the connecting end on the circulating assembly, the circulating assembly includes power part, the power part is used for driving the crude oil in agitator tank to flow outward, candle formula filter is opposite to the setting with agitator tank, and the feed inlet of candle formula filter is connected with the connecting end of circulating assembly and communicates, the utility model discloses through the chute to add adsorbent in agitator tank, and utilize circulating assembly to make the crude oil in the jar form circulating flow, thereby break the adsorbent agglomeration phenomenon caused by oil surface tension, make it disperse rapidly in the jar, fully expose its active surface, significantly improve the adsorption efficiency and contact probability to flocculation phospholipid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crude oil processing technology, and in particular to a crude oil refining apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] During the storage or processing of crude oil, a decrease in temperature may cause phospholipids to precipitate due to reduced solubility, forming flocculent suspensions that affect the appearance and stability of the oil. Therefore, effective removal is essential during refining. Currently, phospholipid removal methods mainly include chemical and physical methods. Chemical methods often involve reaction media such as acids and alkalis, easily generating high-concentration wastewater and resulting in high subsequent environmental treatment costs. Physical methods primarily employ adsorption or flocculation to separate phospholipids from the oil phase. For example, the crude peanut oil refining system disclosed in CN210915983U involves adding flocculants to flocculate phospholipids, followed by centrifugal separation for removal.

[0003] In physical dephosphorization processes, flocculants are mainly used in the pretreatment stage. They aggregate dispersed phospholipid particles through charge neutralization and bridging, facilitating centrifugal separation. However, this method has limited efficiency in removing phospholipids and is difficult to achieve deep removal. Therefore, adsorption is usually used for deep treatment in the later stages of refining. Adsorbents have porous structures and high specific surface areas, which can effectively capture residual phospholipids and remove them more thoroughly. However, adsorbents also have certain limitations in practical applications: because they are often in powder form and the oil phase itself has high surface tension, adsorbent agglomeration and uneven distribution are prone to occur during mixing. If phospholipid flocs are already present in the oil, the amount of adsorbent needs to be further increased to ensure the effectiveness. In addition, while adsorbents adsorb phospholipids, they also carry away some oil; excessive addition not only increases production costs but also leads to increased oil loss. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a crude oil refining device, which adds adsorbent into a mixing tank through a material tank and uses a circulation component to make the crude oil in the tank circulate, thereby breaking the adsorbent agglomeration caused by the surface tension of the oil, so that it is quickly dispersed and evenly suspended in the tank, thus fully exposing its active surface, significantly improving the adsorption efficiency and contact probability of flocculent phospholipids. Compared with the traditional static mixing or one-time filtration process, this dynamic circulation mixing mode ensures a more thorough adsorption reaction, thereby effectively reducing the amount of adsorbent used and reducing the oil loss caused by adsorbent entrainment while achieving the expected dephosphorization effect.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is achieved as follows: This utility model provides a crude oil refining device, including a mixing tank, a material tank, a circulation component, and a candle filter, wherein, The mixing tank is equipped with a discharge end and a circulation end; A feed trough is installed on the mixing tank, and the feed trough is used to add adsorbent to the mixing tank; The circulation component is connected to the discharge end of the mixing tank and to the circulation end of the mixing tank. The circulation component is provided with a connection end and includes a power unit, which is used to drive the crude oil in the mixing tank to flow outward. The candle filter is positioned opposite the mixing tank, and the feed end of the candle filter is connected to the connection end of the circulation component.

[0006] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the mixing tank includes a tank body, a stirrer, and baffles, wherein, The tank has a vertical structure; The agitator is located inside the tank; The baffles are fixed to the inner wall of the tank.

[0007] More preferably, the number of baffles is four, and they are distributed around the axis of the tank.

[0008] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the power unit is a gear pump, which uses gear meshing to break up oil clumps and adsorbent clumps in crude oil.

[0009] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the circulation component further includes a three-way pipe, which connects the output end of the power unit to the circulation end of the mixing tank, and the connection end is disposed on the three-way pipe.

[0010] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, a screen is provided on the material trough, and the screen is located at the outlet end of the material trough and inside the mixing tank.

[0011] More preferably, the feed trough is also equipped with a vibrator.

[0012] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, a first control valve is provided on the discharge end of the mixing tank.

[0013] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, a second control valve is provided on the circulation end of the mixing tank.

[0014] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, a third control valve is provided on the feed end of the candle filter.

[0015] The crude oil refining apparatus of this invention has the following advantages over the prior art: 1. A material tank is set up, and adsorbent is added into the mixing tank through the material tank. The crude oil in the tank is circulated by the circulation component, which breaks the adsorbent agglomeration caused by the surface tension of the oil. This allows the adsorbent to be quickly dispersed and evenly suspended in the tank, thus fully exposing its active surface and significantly improving the adsorption efficiency and contact probability of flocculent phospholipids. Compared with the traditional static mixing or one-time filtration process, this dynamic circulation mixing mode ensures a more thorough adsorption reaction. Thus, while achieving the expected dephosphorization effect, it effectively reduces the amount of adsorbent used and reduces the oil loss caused by adsorbent entrainment. 2. The baffle plate is installed. When the liquid attempts to make a circular motion under the drive of the agitator, it will hit the baffle plate, and the streamlines will be destroyed, thereby generating strong turbulence and vertical eddies. This can greatly enhance the shear rate and convection diffusion effect inside the liquid, ensuring that the high-density powder adsorbent will not be deposited at the bottom of the tank, but can be forcibly lifted and uniformly dispersed in the entire oil phase. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the crude oil refining apparatus of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the mixing tank in the crude oil refining device of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0019] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the crude oil refining device of this utility model includes a mixing tank 1, a material tank 2, a circulation component 3, and a candle filter 4.

[0020] The mixing tank 1, as the core container, is designed as a vertical tank with a cylindrical exterior and a conical bottom. The conical bottom is highly conducive to the complete collection and discharge of materials without residue after the reaction, avoiding the dead corners of material deposition common in flat-bottomed tanks. A discharge end is set at the center of the conical bottom to discharge the mixed slurry from the tank. The discharge end is located at the lowest point of the conical bottom and is connected to the inlet of the circulation component 3 through a pipe. The circulation end is set on the upper side wall of the mixing tank 1, and its inlet direction can be designed to enter tangentially so that the return liquid forms a vortex in the tank, further enhancing the overall fluid turbulence.

[0021] The feed trough 2 is set on the mixing tank 1, and its outlet leads to the inside of the tank. It is used to add powdered adsorbent to the mixing tank 1 in a quantitative and uniform manner. The adsorbent can be activated clay. The feed trough 2 is set in a funnel shape and has a certain space for storing adsorbent. During the quantitative refining process, a fixed amount of adsorbent can be added to the feed trough 2 according to the ratio. Alternatively, it can be added to the feed trough 2 gradually during the circulation process.

[0022] The circulation component 3 is connected to the discharge end of the mixing tank 1 and to the circulation end of the mixing tank 1. The circulation component 3 is provided with a connection end. The circulation component 3 includes a power unit 31, which is used to drive the crude oil in the mixing tank 1 to flow outward. The inlet end of the circulation component 3 is connected to the discharge end at the bottom of the mixing tank 1 through a pipe. Its core is the power unit 31, which is used to provide power for the flow of fluid in the system. The outlet end of the circulation component 3 is connected to the circulation end at the top of the mixing tank 1 through pipes, thereby forming a circulation loop. The connection end of the circulation component 3 is connected to the feed end of the candle filter 4, thereby forming a filtration passage.

[0023] The candle filter 4 is positioned opposite to the mixing tank 1, and the feed end of the candle filter 4 is connected to the connection end of the circulation component 3. The candle filter 4 is used to receive the mixed slurry after the adsorption reaction has been completed. The candle filter 4 is equipped with multiple sets of filter elements, which can effectively trap adsorbent particles carrying phospholipids, achieve precise solid-liquid separation, and finally obtain clear refined oil.

[0024] In some embodiments, the mixing tank 1 includes a tank body 11, a stirrer 12, and a baffle plate 13. The tank body 11 has a vertical structure, the stirrer 12 is disposed inside the tank body 11, and the baffle plate 13 is fixed to the inner wall of the tank body 11. The tank body 11 has the aforementioned vertical cylindrical conical bottom structure. The stirrer 12 is vertically installed at the center of the tank body 11 through a mechanical seal, and is powered by a drive motor mounted on its top cover to rotate and stir. Its function is to mix the crude oil and adsorbent added to the tank. Specifically, the drive motor drives the stirring blades to mix the crude oil inside the mixing tank 1.

[0025] To further improve mixing efficiency, break the cylindrical rotation zone formed by fluid swirl, and prevent the material from only undergoing overall circular motion between the tank wall and the agitator, thus weakening the radial and axial mixing effects, baffles 13 are vertically fixedly installed on the inner wall of the tank 11. As a preferred embodiment, four baffles 13 are arranged in a circular array at 90-degree intervals around the axis of the tank 11. The baffles 13 act as stationary obstacles; when the liquid attempts to move in a circular motion under the drive of the agitator 12, it impacts the baffles 13, disrupting the streamlines and generating strong turbulence and vertical eddies. This flow greatly enhances the shear rate and convection diffusion within the liquid, ensuring that the high-density powder adsorbent does not deposit at the bottom of the tank but is instead forcibly lifted and uniformly dispersed throughout the oil phase.

[0026] In one specific embodiment, the power unit 31 preferably employs a gear pump. Compared to common centrifugal pumps, gear pumps exhibit two core advantages in this application: firstly, they provide stable and pulse-free volumetric delivery, ensuring a constant circulation flow rate; secondly, and more importantly, when the mixed slurry flows through a pair of precisely meshing gears inside, it is subjected to extremely high local shear forces and compression. This process effectively disperses and breaks up any small adsorbent agglomerates that may still exist after initial mixing, as well as microscopic oil clumps in crude oil that are stabilized by phospholipids and other colloids, achieving efficient online homogenization of the material. This is equivalent to integrating a highly efficient dispersion device into the mixing loop, significantly improving the specific surface area utilization rate of the adsorbent, thereby increasing the phospholipid removal efficiency.

[0027] In some embodiments, the circulation component 3 further includes a three-way pipe 32, one inlet of which is connected to the output end of the power unit 31, and its two outlets are respectively connected to the circulation end of the mixing tank 1 to form a circulation loop. Together with the feed end of the candle filter 4, it forms a filtration passage. By setting control valves on the corresponding outlet pipes of this three-way pipe 32, it is very convenient to flexibly switch between the two working modes of circulating and mixing the process fluid in the tank and filtering and conveying it to the outside, without the need for additional equipment or complex pipeline changes.

[0028] A screen 21 is provided at the outlet end of the feed tank 2. The screen 21 extends downward and is located in the internal space of the mixing tank 1. When the adsorbent passes through the outlet, the screen 21 can mechanically screen it, break up the larger lumps, and allow it to enter the oil in a finer fluidized state, thereby improving the dispersibility from the source. Specifically, the screen 21 is preferably 20 mesh.

[0029] To further ensure the smooth flow of adsorbent, a vibrator 22 is installed on the outer wall of the feed tank 2. The vibrator 22 can generate high-frequency micro-amplitude mechanical vibration. This vibration is transmitted to the feed tank wall and the screen 21, which can effectively destroy the stable arch bridge structure formed between adsorbent particles due to friction and electrostatic force, completely eliminate the hidden danger of poor feed, and ensure the continuity of feeding and the accuracy of metering.

[0030] To achieve precise control over each stage of the entire refining process, this device is equipped with control valves at key points, specifically including a first control valve 14, a second control valve 15, and a third control valve 41.

[0031] A first control valve 14 is provided at the discharge end of the mixing tank 1. This valve is used to control the discharge of material in the mixing tank to the circulation component 3 and is the starting point of the system circulation or filtration operation.

[0032] A second control valve 15 is provided on the circulation end of the mixing tank 1. By adjusting or opening and closing this valve, the flow rate of the circulating return can be controlled, or the circulation loop can be directly closed to switch to the filtration mode.

[0033] A third control valve 41 is provided at the feed end of the candle filter 4. This valve is used to control the timing and flow rate of the mixed slurry entering the filter, which plays an important role in establishing a stable filter cake layer and ensuring filtration quality.

[0034] During operation, crude oil is injected into the mixing tank 1 through the top inlet, while adsorbent is added through the feed trough 2. The agitator 12 and circulation assembly 3 are started, the third control valve 41 is closed, and the first control valve 14 and the second control valve 15 are opened, putting the device into circulation mixing mode. Under the combined action of agitation and forced circulation and shearing by the gear pump, the material in the tank achieves thorough and uniform mixing of the adsorbent and crude oil, effectively adsorbing phospholipids. After mixing is complete, the second control valve 15 is closed, and the third control valve 41 is opened, switching the device to filtration mode. Driven by the power unit 31, the mixed oil slurry enters the candle filter 4, where the adsorbent is completely trapped, and clear refined oil is discharged from the filter, completing the refining process.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A crude oil refining apparatus, characterized in that: Includes a mixing tank (1), a hopper (2), a circulation assembly (3), and a candle filter (4), wherein, The mixing tank (1) is equipped with a discharge end and a circulation end; A feed trough (2) is provided on the mixing tank (1), and the feed trough (2) is used to add adsorbent to the mixing tank (1); The circulation component (3) is connected to the discharge end of the mixing tank (1) and connected to the circulation end of the mixing tank (1). The circulation component (3) is provided with a connection end. The circulation component (3) includes a power unit (31). The power unit (31) is used to drive the crude oil in the mixing tank (1) to flow outward. The candle filter (4) is positioned opposite the mixing tank (1), and the feed end of the candle filter (4) is connected to the connection end of the circulation component (3).

2. The crude oil refining apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing tank (1) includes a tank body (11), a stirrer (12), and a baffle plate (13), wherein, The tank (11) is a vertical structure; The agitator (12) is installed inside the tank (11); The baffle (13) is fixed on the inner wall of the tank (11).

3. The crude oil refining apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the baffles (13) is four, and they are distributed around the axis of the tank body (11).

4. The crude oil refining apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The power unit (31) is a gear pump, which breaks up oil clumps and adsorbent clumps in crude oil through gear meshing.

5. The crude oil refining apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The circulation component (3) also includes a three-way pipe (32), which connects the output end of the power unit (31) to the circulation end of the mixing tank (1), and the connection end is provided on the three-way pipe (32).

6. The crude oil refining apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A screen (21) is provided on the trough (2). The screen (21) is located at the outlet end of the trough (2) and inside the mixing tank (1).

7. The crude oil refining apparatus as described in claim 6, characterized in that: A vibrator (22) is also provided on the trough (2).

8. The crude oil refining apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing tank (1) is equipped with a first control valve (14) at the discharge end.

9. The crude oil refining apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A second control valve (15) is provided on the circulation end of the mixing tank (1).

10. The crude oil refining apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The candle filter (4) is equipped with a third control valve (41) at the feed end.

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