Mountainous mud circulating coring drilling rig

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mountain mud cycle coring drilling machine, and the coring drilling machine includes double -speed power head assembly, coring drilling tool assembly and mud pump group, wherein, double -speed power head assembly includes double -speed hydraulic variable motor and sealed power head, wherein double -speed hydraulic variable motor is connected with sealed power head, and mud pump group is connected sealed power head through mud pipeline, the coring drilling tool assembly includes annular coring drill bit and pull mechanism, wherein pull mechanism passes through sealed power head and connects coring drill bit, the utility model discloses through double -speed hydraulic variable motor realizes the switching of drilling machine work mode, and in combination with coring drilling tool assembly and mud pump group, the extraction of rock core is realized, can efficiently extract complete rock core, is favorable to meet the demand of lithology analysis of geological exploration, utilizes mud cycle to replace air shock simultaneously, reduces dust pollution in the working process, and reduces energy consumption, is favorable to environmental protection and cost saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of oil exploration drilling equipment technology, and in particular to a mountain mud circulation coring drilling rig. Background Technology

[0002] Manned pneumatic drilling rigs remain the mainstay of mountain oil exploration, but due to geographical limitations, this method still primarily relies on drilling and blasting. Exploration in southern mountainous areas still requires the use of manned pneumatic drilling rigs. If breakthroughs are achieved in the research of "developing a hydraulic drilling rig for mountain mud circulation coring," drilling operations could be carried out in coarse sandstone strata in southern mountainous areas with good transportation and convenient water sources. This would improve drilling efficiency, reduce energy consumption, save costs, reduce dust pollution risks, improve the construction environment, and increase economic benefits.

[0003] Existing technologies suffer from the following drawbacks: low efficiency (slow drilling speed in hard sandstone formations); extremely high energy consumption (requiring high-power air compressor units (typically ≥90kW), making field relocation difficult); and severe pollution (generating large amounts of dust during drilling, harming operator health, and dust entering rotating parts of the equipment exacerbates wear). Among these, the widely used mountain pneumatic drilling rigs in China primarily rely on air impact drilling. While portable, they fail to address the following pain points: firstly, lack of core sampling capability (current equipment can only break rocks to create holes, unable to obtain complete rock cores, failing to meet the needs of geological exploration for lithological analysis); secondly, mismatch between speed and torque (rated output speed is only 0-160r / min, unable to drive the core sampling drill bit to achieve the dual requirements of high-speed cutting (≥300r / min) and low-speed core breaking (≥500N·m torque). Both domestic and international technologies share the common industry problems of "low efficiency, high energy consumption, severe pollution, and inability to obtain cores." Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problems of low working efficiency, high energy consumption, and significant pollution in existing drilling rigs, this invention provides a mountain mud circulation coring drill to improve working efficiency, save energy, and reduce environmental pollution.

[0005] Therefore, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A mountain mud circulation coring drill is provided, which includes a dual-speed power head assembly, a coring tool assembly and a mud pump set; The dual-speed power head assembly includes a dual-speed hydraulic variable motor and a sealing power head. The dual-speed hydraulic variable motor is connected to the sealing power head, and the mud pump set is connected to the sealing power head through a mud pipe. The coring drill assembly includes an annular coring drill bit and a pulling mechanism, wherein the pulling mechanism passes through a sealed power head and is connected to the coring drill bit. When the dual-speed power head is in high-speed working mode, the dual-speed hydraulic variable motor drives the sealed power head to rotate the annular core drill bit at high speed, which spins into the rock to cut out a columnar rock core. At the same time, the mud pump group drives the mud pipeline to transport mud to wash the cutting surface. When it is in low-speed working mode, the driven sealed power head drives the annular core drill bit to twist off the columnar rock core, and the pulling mechanism pulls out the twisted rock core.

[0006] According to the above scheme, the mud pump set specifically includes a mud engine, a single screw pump, and a water filter. One end of the mud pipe is connected to the pump port of the single screw pump, and the other end of the mud pipe is connected to the sealed power head of the dual-speed power head assembly. The mud engine is connected to the single screw pump and the water filter. After passing through the water filter, the mud is output from the pump port of the single screw pump and transported to the sealed power head and the core drill bit through the mud pipe.

[0007] According to the above scheme, the sealing power head is equipped with an isolation structure, specifically a double-layer sealing cavity, wherein the inner layer is a well washing medium cavity and is connected to the mud pipe; the outer layer is a bearing cavity filled with lubricating grease, and the bearing cavity and the well washing medium cavity are isolated by a double-lip skeleton oil seal.

[0008] According to the above scheme, the lifting device of the drilling rig is specifically a hydraulic winch, which includes a power module and a drum. The core drilling tool rope is wound on the drum, and the power module drives the drum to rotate to realize the winding and unwinding of the rope.

[0009] According to the above scheme, the power head assembly also includes a load-sensitive proportional multi-way valve, which is connected to a dual-speed hydraulic variable motor through a two-position three-way valve, and controls the motor speed by changing the working state of different valves.

[0010] According to the above scheme, the core drill bit of the core drilling assembly is specifically an impregnated diamond drill bit.

[0011] According to the above scheme, a pressure sensor is also installed at the connection between the load-sensitive proportional multi-way valve and the dual-speed hydraulic variable motor.

[0012] According to the above scheme, the power module includes an engine, a fuel line, and a fuel tank, wherein the fuel tank is connected to the engine via the fuel line.

[0013] According to the above scheme, the core drilling rig also includes a hydraulic radiator assembly, which includes a fuel cooling device. The fuel cooling device is connected to the fuel pipe in the hydraulic winch power module via a hydraulic pipeline.

[0014] According to the above scheme, the well-washing medium cavity and the bearing cavity are specifically made of stainless steel, and the grease filling the bearing cavity and the well-washing medium cavity is specifically lithium-based grease.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention achieves the switching of drilling rig working modes through a dual-speed hydraulic variable motor, and extracts rock cores by combining the core drilling tool assembly and mud pump group. When the motor is in high-speed mode, the drilling rig performs core cutting, and can quickly drill and circumferentially cut the rock to obtain cores through the core drilling bit and the conveyed high-pressure mud. When the motor is in low-speed mode, the drilling rig performs core breaking, and the core is broken by high torque. The extracted core is then pulled out of the core drilling bit by a pulling mechanism, which can efficiently extract complete cores, which is beneficial to meeting the needs of geological exploration for lithological analysis. At the same time, the use of mud circulation to replace air shock reduces dust pollution during the working process and reduces energy consumption, which is beneficial to environmental protection and cost saving.

[0016] Furthermore, this invention ensures zero leakage of mud delivered from the mud pump unit by setting a double-layer sealing cavity in the sealing power head and using a double-lip skeleton oil seal to isolate the two cavities, thereby increasing the safety of the coring process.

[0017] Furthermore, this utility model, by installing a load-sensitive proportional multi-way valve equipped with a pressure sensor, can monitor the oil circuit load in real time. When the load reaches a certain threshold, the valve's working state is automatically switched to avoid overload damage to drilling rig components and reduce the energy consumption of the drilling rig system.

[0018] Furthermore, by incorporating a hydraulic radiator assembly, this invention can cool the delivered fuel, reducing the high-temperature fuel to its normal operating temperature and preventing engine damage due to overheating. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mountain mud circulation coring drill according to an embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram: 1—Drilling rig boom; 2—Dual-speed hydraulic variable displacement motor; 3—Sealed power head; 4—Coring tool assembly; 5—Derrick assembly; 6—Drilling rig power source module; 7—Oil source assembly; 8—Control panel assembly; 9—Wellhead clamp; 10—Mud pump unit; 11—Hydraulic winch assembly; 12—Hydraulic radiator assembly; 13—Drilling rig base; 14—Fuel tank. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0021] Example 1 Existing technologies for mountain pneumatic drilling rigs have the following problems: They are heavy (approximately 900 kg) and inconvenient to transport in the field; they require an air compressor to generate high-pressure gas to drive the impactor, resulting in high energy consumption and overall drilling costs; the high dust and noise generated during operation can easily lead to occupational diseases (silicosis and noise-induced hearing loss) for operators; mechanical injuries can occur due to poor visibility at the wellhead; and the dust generated pollutes the equipment, accelerates wear, and increases the rig's failure rate.

[0022] To address the problems of low efficiency, high energy consumption, heavy pollution, and inability to obtain core samples in existing conventional drilling rigs, this utility model provides a mountain mud circulation coring drilling rig, comprising: a dual-speed power head assembly, a coring tool assembly, and a mud pump unit.

[0023] The dual-speed power head assembly is fixed to the drilling rig boom via a sliding device. It includes a dual-speed hydraulic variable motor, a sealed power head, and a load-sensitive proportional multi-way valve. The dual-speed hydraulic variable motor is connected to the sealed power head, which is connected to the mud pump unit via a mud pipeline. The sealed power head has an isolation structure, specifically a double-layer sealing chamber. The inner layer is a well-washing medium chamber connected to the mud pipeline, and the outer layer is a bearing chamber filled with grease. The bearing chamber and the well-washing medium chamber are isolated by a double-lip skeleton oil seal. In addition, the load-sensitive proportional multi-way valve is connected to the dual-speed hydraulic variable motor via a two-position three-way valve, and a pressure sensor is also installed at the connection point with the dual-speed hydraulic variable motor. The load-sensitive proportional multi-way valve can control the motor speed by changing the working state of different valves, while the pressure sensor monitors the load.

[0024] In addition, the core drilling assembly includes a core drill bit and a dragging mechanism. In this embodiment, the dragging mechanism is a rope, with one end of the rope passing through the dual-speed power head assembly and connecting to the core drill bit, and the other end connected to the lifting device.

[0025] When the dual-speed power head is in high-speed operating mode, the dual-speed hydraulic variable motor drives the sealed power head to rotate the annular core drill bit at high speed, spiraling into the rock to cut out a columnar core. Simultaneously, the mud pump unit drives the mud pipeline to deliver mud to flush the cut surface. In low-speed operating mode, the driven sealed power head causes the annular core drill bit to twist and break the columnar core, and the pulling mechanism pulls out the broken core. Preferably, the mud pump unit draws mud from the wellhead mud pit through a suction pipe and delivers it to the core drill bit for spraying, flushing, and cooling the cut surface. The flushed mud is then returned to the mud pit via pipeline for reuse.

[0026] Specifically, in this embodiment, the lifting device of the drilling rig is a hydraulic winch, which includes a power module and a drum. The rope for the core drilling tool is wound on the drum, and the power module drives the drum to rotate to achieve rope winding and unwinding. In this embodiment, the power module includes an engine, a fuel line, and a fuel tank, wherein the fuel tank is connected to the engine via the fuel line. The core drilling rig also includes a hydraulic radiator assembly, which includes a fuel cooling device connected to the fuel line in the hydraulic winch power module via a hydraulic pipeline.

[0027] Specifically, the mud pump set includes a mud engine, a single screw pump, and a water filter. One end of the mud pipe is connected to the pump port of the single screw pump, and the other end of the mud pipe is connected to the sealed power head of the dual-speed power head assembly. The mud engine is connected to the single screw pump and the water filter. After passing through the water filter, the mud is output from the pump port of the single screw pump and transported to the sealed power head and the core drill bit through the mud pipe.

[0028] The mountain mud circulation coring drill provided in this embodiment uses a dual-speed hydraulic variable motor to switch the drilling mode and combines it with the coring tool assembly and mud pump group to extract rock cores. When the motor is in high-speed mode, the drill cuts the rock core, and can quickly drill and circumferentially cut the rock to obtain the core through the coring drill bit and the delivered high-pressure mud. When the motor is in low-speed mode, the drill twists and breaks the rock core with high torque, and uses ropes to pull the extracted rock core out of the coring drill bit. This can efficiently extract complete rock cores, which is beneficial to meeting the needs of geological exploration for lithological analysis. At the same time, the use of mud circulation to replace air shock reduces dust pollution during the operation and reduces energy consumption, which is beneficial to environmental protection and cost saving.

[0029] Furthermore, this invention ensures zero leakage of mud delivered from the mud pump unit by setting a double-layer sealing cavity in the sealing power head and using a double-lip skeleton oil seal to isolate the two cavities, thereby increasing the safety of the coring process.

[0030] Furthermore, this utility model, by installing a load-sensitive proportional multi-way valve equipped with a pressure sensor, can monitor the oil circuit load in real time. When the load reaches a certain threshold, the valve's working state is automatically switched to avoid overload damage to drilling rig components and reduce the energy consumption of the drilling rig system.

[0031] Furthermore, by incorporating a hydraulic radiator assembly, this invention can cool the delivered fuel, reducing the high-temperature fuel to its normal operating temperature and preventing engine damage due to overheating.

[0032] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method such as Figure 1The mountain mud circulation coring drill shown includes a drill base 13, a dual-speed power head assembly, a coring tool assembly 4, a derrick assembly 5, a drill power source module 6, an oil source assembly 7, and a mud pump set 10.

[0033] The drilling rig base 13 is placed flat on the site where core extraction is to be performed, serving as the basic load-bearing component of the drilling rig. The derrick assembly 5 is set above the drilling rig base 13 and fixedly connected. The drilling rig boom 1 is installed on the upper part of the derrick assembly 5. The oil source assembly 7 is installed on the drilling rig base 13. The hydraulic winch assembly 11 is installed at the rear of the drilling rig base 13. The mud pump set 10 is placed next to the drilling rig base 13 and is connected to the dual-speed power head assembly through the mud pipeline to provide well washing medium for drilling.

[0034] The dual-speed power head assembly is fixed to the drilling rig boom 1 by a sliding device. The dual-speed power head assembly includes a dual-speed hydraulic variable motor 2 and a sealed power head 3 that can be used for both air and water. The dual-speed hydraulic variable motor 2 is connected to the sealed power head 3, and the sealed power head 3 is connected to the mud pump group 10 through a mud pipe. In a preferred embodiment, the dual-speed power head assembly is also provided with a power input shaft.

[0035] The core drilling assembly 4 includes a core drill bit and a rope, with one end of the rope passing through the dual-speed power head assembly and connecting to the core drill bit, and the other end connected to the lifting device.

[0036] Specifically, the dual-speed power head assembly also includes a load-sensitive proportional multi-way valve, which includes a two-position three-way valve. One end of the two-position three-way valve is connected to the oil source assembly via an oil circuit, and the other end is connected to the dual-speed hydraulic variable motor. The pilot pressure (0.5-3MPa) output from the Z port of the load-sensitive proportional multi-way valve is transmitted to the control port of the dual-speed hydraulic variable motor 2 via the two-position three-way valve (model: Yuken DSG-03). The speed is steplessly adjusted by the handle opening, and the motor speed is controlled by changing the working state of different valves. Specifically, the motor is controlled by a load-sensitive proportional multi-way valve (specifically, a Danfoss PVG32 in this embodiment) to achieve two working modes: high-speed cutting mode (speed 300-700 r / min, torque 200-300 N·m): the motor is in an "open-core high-speed state" for rapid circumferential cutting of rock by the diamond drill bit; low-speed core-breaking mode (speed 50-150 r / min, torque 500-800 N·m): the motor switches to a "closed-core low-speed state" to break the rock core by high torque.

[0037] Preferably, the valve port of the load-sensitive proportional multi-way valve is also equipped with a pressure sensor (accuracy ±1%FS) for real-time monitoring of the system load, so that the load-sensitive proportional multi-way valve can automatically adjust the flow rate according to the load (adjustment range 0-40L / min), avoid overload damage, and reduce energy consumption, which can save 30% energy compared with traditional quantitative systems.

[0038] Specifically, the sealing power head 3 has a double-layer sealing cavity: the inner layer is the well-washing medium cavity, connected to the mud pump outlet via a mud pipe, and the cavity material is wear-resistant stainless steel (316L), capable of withstanding mud pressure of 0.3-1MPa; the outer layer is the bearing cavity, filled with lithium-based grease. The bearing cavity and the well-washing medium cavity are isolated by a double-lip skeleton oil seal (model: CR 50×72×12) to ensure zero mud leakage. After sealing tests, the sealing power head maintained pressure at rated pressure (1.5 times the working pressure) for 30 minutes with a leakage rate ≤5mL / h.

[0039] Specifically, the mud pump set 10 includes a 15kW gasoline engine (model: Honda GX390), a single screw pump (model: Netzsch NM012BY01L01B, flow rate 5-15m³ / h, pressure 0.6MPa), and a water filter (accuracy ≤50μm), with an overall weight ≤60kg. One end of the mud pipe is connected to the pump port of the single screw pump, and the other end is connected to the sealed power head 3 of the dual-speed power head assembly. The engine is connected to the single screw pump and the water filter. After passing through the water filter, the mud is output from the pump port of the single screw pump and transported to the sealed power head 3 and the core drill bit through the mud pipe. Compared with traditional plunger pumps, the single screw pump used in this embodiment has a more stable output flow rate (pulsation rate <5%) and can transport mud containing rock cuttings (particle size ≤5mm), avoiding the risk of stuck drill bit.

[0040] Preferably, in this embodiment, the core drill bit of the core drill assembly 4 is a Φ89mm impregnated diamond drill bit. The impregnated diamond drill bit has a matrix hardness of HRC45-50, a diamond grit size of 40-60 mesh, and a tooth density of 12 grits / cm². ² Suitable for hard rocks of grade 7-10 (compressive strength ≥100MPa).

[0041] In addition, the mountain mud circulation coring rig of this embodiment also includes a control panel assembly 8, a wellhead clamp 9, a hydraulic winch assembly 11, and a hydraulic radiator assembly 12. The control panel assembly 8 is used to realize the overall control of the drilling rig, the wellhead clamp 9 is used to fix the coring tool assembly 4, and the hydraulic winch assembly 11 serves as the lifting device in this embodiment, used to realize the winding and unwinding of the rope in the coring tool assembly.

[0042] Specifically, the hydraulic winch assembly 11 includes a power module and a drum, wherein the core drilling tool rope is wound on the drum, and the drum is driven to rotate by the drilling rig power source module 6 to realize the winding and unwinding of the rope; the drilling rig power source module 6 includes an engine, a fuel pipe and a fuel tank 14, wherein the fuel tank 14 is connected to the engine through the fuel pipe to provide fuel to the engine and thus provide operating power.

[0043] Specifically, the hydraulic radiator assembly 12 includes a fuel cooling device, which is connected to the fuel pipe in the drilling rig power source module 6 via a hydraulic pipeline.

[0044] The mountain mud circulation coring hydraulic drilling rig developed through this utility model has achieved the following leading technical levels: It adopts mud circulation coring technology, which improves the drilling speed of mountain drilling rigs in hard sandstone formations for drilling blasting holes; it effectively reduces energy consumption during rock breaking, lowers power requirements, reduces the weight of the entire drilling rig, reduces relocation intensity, and does not generate dust during coring, thereby reducing pollution to personnel, the environment, and equipment, protecting the physical and mental health of employees, protecting the environment, and extending the service life of the drilling rig. At the same time, it conforms to the development trend of safety and environmental protection requirements, enhances HSE management capabilities, and has certain social and economic benefits.

[0045] Practical experience has verified that the mud circulation coring drill described in this embodiment, with its fast and slow speed settings for drilling and core extraction, allows for rapid core extraction within the casing without disassembling the drill rod, using a hydraulic winch and wireline coring tool. This improves drilling efficiency. Furthermore, in areas lacking water, it can be paired with an air compressor unit for air impact drilling, enabling the drill to function as a multi-functional unit (dual-use air and water). Compared to existing technologies, this method achieves a drilling speed increase of over 20%, a energy consumption reduction of over 35% (compared to air compressor units), zero dust emissions, and a core recovery rate of ≥85%, thus realizing the goals of "high-efficiency coring, precise speed control, and stable operation."

[0046] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A mountain mud circulation coring drill, characterized in that, The coring rig includes a dual-speed power head assembly, a coring tool assembly, and a mud pump unit; The dual-speed power head assembly includes a dual-speed hydraulic variable motor and a sealing power head. The dual-speed hydraulic variable motor is connected to the sealing power head, and the mud pump set is connected to the sealing power head through a mud pipe. The coring drill assembly includes an annular coring drill bit and a pulling mechanism, wherein the pulling mechanism passes through a sealed power head and is connected to the coring drill bit. When the dual-speed power head is in high-speed working mode, the dual-speed hydraulic variable motor drives the sealed power head to rotate the annular core drill bit at high speed, which spins into the rock to cut out a columnar rock core. At the same time, the mud pump group drives the mud pipeline to transport mud to wash the cutting surface. When it is in low-speed working mode, the driven sealed power head drives the annular core drill bit to twist off the columnar rock core, and the pulling mechanism pulls out the twisted rock core.

2. The mountain mud circulation coring drill rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mud pump set specifically includes a mud engine, a single screw pump, and a water filter. One end of the mud pipe is connected to the pump port of the single screw pump, and the other end of the mud pipe is connected to the sealed power head of the dual-speed power head assembly. The mud engine is connected to the single screw pump and the water filter. After passing through the water filter, the mud is output from the pump port of the single screw pump and transported to the sealed power head and the core drill bit through the mud pipe.

3. The mountain mud circulation coring drill rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing power head is equipped with an isolation structure, specifically a double-layer sealing cavity. The inner layer is a well-washing medium cavity connected to the mud pipe; the outer layer is a bearing cavity filled with grease. The bearing cavity and the well-washing medium cavity are isolated by a double-lip skeleton oil seal.

4. The mountain mud circulation coring drill rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting device of the drilling rig is specifically a hydraulic winch, which includes a power module and a drum. The core drilling tool rope is wound on the drum, and the rope is wound and unwound by driving the drum to rotate through the power module.

5. The mountain mud circulation coring drill rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power head assembly also includes a load-sensitive proportional multi-way valve, which is connected to a dual-speed hydraulic variable motor via a two-position three-way valve. The motor speed is controlled by changing the working state of different valves.

6. The mountain mud circulation coring drill rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core drill bit in the core drilling assembly is specifically an impregnated diamond drill bit.

7. The mountain mud circulation coring drill rig according to claim 5, characterized in that, A pressure sensor is also installed at the connection between the load-sensitive proportional multi-way valve and the dual-speed hydraulic variable motor.

8. The mountain mud circulation coring drill rig according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power module includes an engine, a fuel line, and a fuel tank, wherein the fuel tank is connected to the engine via the fuel line.

9. The mountain mud circulation coring drill rig according to claim 8, characterized in that, The core drilling rig also includes a hydraulic radiator assembly, which includes a fuel cooling device connected to the fuel pipe in the hydraulic winch power module via a hydraulic pipeline.

10. The mountain mud circulation coring drill rig according to claim 3, characterized in that, The well-washing medium cavity and the bearing cavity are specifically made of stainless steel, and the grease filling the space between the bearing cavity and the well-washing medium cavity is specifically lithium-based grease.

Images