An environmental protection performance detection device for fireworks and crackers

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of fireworks and crackers environmental protection performance detection device, belong to fireworks and crackers detection technical field, including bottom plate, still include: universal self-locking wheel, fixedly connected to bottom plate bottom and about bottom plate symmetrical distribution;Detection tank, fixedly connected to bottom plate top, the detection tank inner wall is fixedly connected with electronic gunpowder ignition device;Pressure relief assembly, including: connecting flange A, fixedly connected to the side wall of detection tank, and the connecting flange A is connected with pressure relief pipe by connecting flange B;Detection installation pipe, fixedly connected to the one end of pressure relief pipe away from connecting flange B.The utility model in, through the cooperation of the disc spring, sealing valve and sealing ring of the pressure relief assembly set, realize the automatic pressure relief when explosion overpressure, avoid the rupture of detection tank due to high pressure, etc. Dangerous, at the same time, the combination of adjusting screw and adjusting block can flexibly adjust pressure relief threshold, adapt to the pressure characteristics of different types of fireworks and crackers gunpowder combustion, expand the scope of application of device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fireworks and firecrackers testing technology, and more specifically, to a device for testing the environmental performance of fireworks and firecrackers. Background Technology

[0002] Fireworks and firecrackers are items made primarily of pyrotechnic powder, which, upon ignition, produce effects such as light, sound, color, shape, and smoke through combustion or explosion. They are commonly used for viewing during festivals and celebrations, and are highly flammable and explosive. Since the core component of fireworks and firecrackers is pyrotechnic powder, their combustion or explosion not only releases light and sound effects but also produces large amounts of gases, particulate matter, and harmful chemicals. Furthermore, the pressure changes during combustion and explosion are highly unpredictable—if the pyrotechnic powder formula is unreasonable, the combustion environment is restricted, or the product has quality defects, it can easily lead to uncontrolled explosion power and excessive emissions of harmful substances. This can result in safety accidents such as device rupture and personal injury, as well as environmental problems such as air and thermal pollution. Therefore, environmental and safety performance testing of fireworks and firecrackers is crucial. Testing allows for the understanding of their pressure characteristics, exhaust gas composition, and temperature changes during combustion and explosion, determining whether the product meets safety standards and environmental requirements, and preventing substandard products from entering the market and causing safety hazards or exacerbating the environmental burden.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese patent application CN201921962864.6, which discloses a device for testing the environmental performance of fireworks and firecrackers. The device includes a base plate, a testing tank fixed to the top center of the base plate by welding, a feeding port on one side of the bottom of the testing tank, an electronic gunpowder ignition component installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the testing tank corresponding to the feeding port, a feeding door fixed to one side of the feeding port by a hinge, a touch screen fixed to the outer wall of the testing tank directly above the feeding port by bolts, a PLC controller installed inside the touch screen, detection probes symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the top of the testing tank, a purification component installed on the testing tank, the touch screen electrically connected to the purification component and the electronic gunpowder ignition component, the detection probes electrically connected to the input terminal of the PLC controller, and the output terminal of the PLC controller electrically connected to the touch screen.

[0004] While the aforementioned patent allows users to open the air supply and exhaust solenoid valves via a touchscreen before adding gunpowder, thereby accelerating airflow inside the detection tank and completely replacing the air to prevent residual gunpowder gases from affecting detection accuracy and significantly improving ease of use, the following shortcomings still exist: 1. It lacks a precise and controllable pressure relief mechanism. When overpressure occurs inside the detection tank, untimely or excessive pressure relief can easily lead to tank rupture; 2. Directly expelling combustion gases from the detection tank via the air supply and exhaust fans fails to effectively reduce the temperature of the high-temperature exhaust gases, resulting in direct emission of high-temperature gases causing thermal pollution. It also makes it difficult to completely remove particulate matter and harmful gases from the exhaust gases, failing to meet the stringent requirements of current environmental monitoring and the need for efficient operation and maintenance, thus limiting the practicality and reliability of the detection device.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device to test the environmental performance of fireworks and firecrackers to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for testing the environmental performance of fireworks and firecrackers, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A device for testing the environmental performance of fireworks and firecrackers includes a base plate and also includes:

[0009] The omnidirectional self-locking wheels are fixedly connected to the bottom of the base plate and are symmetrically distributed about the base plate;

[0010] The detection container is fixedly connected to the top of the base plate, and an electronic gunpowder ignition device is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection container;

[0011] Pressure relief components, including:

[0012] Connecting flange A is fixedly connected to the side wall of the testing tank, and connecting flange A is connected to a pressure relief pipe through connecting flange B;

[0013] The detection installation pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure relief pipe away from the connecting flange B. A detection box is fixedly connected to the top of the detection installation pipe. A displacement sensor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection box. Explosion-proof glass is also fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection box.

[0014] A sealing valve is slidably connected to the inner wall of the detection installation tube. The outer wall of the sealing valve is provided with two to four sets of sealing rings, and the outer wall of the sealing rings abuts against the inner wall of the detection installation tube.

[0015] A disc spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sealing valve, and an adjusting block is fixedly connected to the end of the disc spring away from the sealing valve. An adjusting screw that is rotatably connected to the side wall of the adjusting block and rotatably connected to the detection mounting tube is rotatably connected to the side wall of the adjusting block. A drive disc is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjusting screw.

[0016] The pressure relief pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the detection installation pipe;

[0017] The cooling and purification component is located at the bottom of the pressure relief pipe.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the cooling and purification component includes:

[0019] A cooling shell is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure relief pipe, and the inner wall of the cooling shell is fixedly connected with gas collecting hoppers symmetrically distributed about the cooling shell, and heat exchange tubes are fixedly connected between the symmetrical gas collecting hoppers.

[0020] A cold water pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cooling shell, and the cold water pipe cooperates with the heat exchange pipe.

[0021] An exhaust filter box is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cooling shell, and an integrated plate is slidably connected to the side wall of the exhaust filter box. One to three sets of filter plates are fixedly connected to the side wall of the integrated plate, and an activated carbon plate is also fixedly connected to the side wall of the integrated plate.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the top of the testing tank is fixedly connected to an exhaust structure, and the top of the exhaust structure is fixedly connected to a return pipe that communicates with the cooling shell.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the top of the base plate is fixedly connected to a blower symmetrically distributed about the base plate, the air outlet of the blower is fixedly connected to a blower solenoid valve, the blower solenoid valve is connected to the detection tank through a blower pipe, and the blower and the exhaust structure cooperate with each other.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution of this application, a feeding door is rotatably connected to the side wall of the testing tank, and a control panel is fixedly connected to the side wall of the testing tank.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0026] In the scheme of this application:

[0027] 1. By cooperating with the disc spring, sealing valve, and sealing ring of the pressure relief assembly, automatic pressure relief is achieved during explosion overpressure, avoiding the danger of the detection tank rupture due to excessive pressure. At the same time, the combination of adjusting screw and adjusting block can flexibly adjust the pressure relief threshold to adapt to the pressure characteristics of different types of fireworks gunpowder combustion, expanding the applicability of the device. With the real-time monitoring of the sealing valve displacement by the displacement sensor, it can indirectly reflect the pressure change inside the detection tank, providing data reference for fireworks detection, thereby improving the accuracy of fireworks detection data. This solves the problem of the lack of a precise and controllable pressure relief mechanism in the existing technology, which makes the detection tank prone to rupture due to untimely or excessive pressure relief during explosion overpressure.

[0028] 2. By combining the heat exchange tubes and cold water pipes of the cooling and purification components, the exhaust gas temperature can be rapidly reduced, preventing direct emission of high-temperature gas and avoiding thermal pollution to the environment. This also prevents high temperatures from damaging subsequent filter components. Furthermore, the particulate filtration of the filter plate and the adsorption of harmful gases by the activated carbon plate form a dual purification process, effectively removing pollutants from the exhaust gas and reducing its impact on the atmospheric environment. This meets the stringent requirements of current environmental protection testing. The filter plate and activated carbon plate shell are also detachable, facilitating future replacement and maintenance. This solves the problems of direct combustion gas emission, inability to cool and causing thermal pollution, and difficulty in removing pollutants in existing technologies, which fail to meet environmental requirements and restrict the practicality of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is one of the overall structural schematic diagrams of the fireworks and firecrackers environmental performance testing device provided in this application;

[0030] Figure 2 The second schematic diagram of the overall structure of the environmental performance testing device for fireworks and firecrackers provided in this application;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the testing tank of the environmental performance testing device for fireworks and firecrackers provided in this application;

[0032] Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the testing and installation pipe of the environmental performance testing device for fireworks and firecrackers provided in this application;

[0033] Figure 5 An exploded view of the cooling shell portion of the fireworks and firecrackers environmental performance testing device provided in this application.

[0034] The image shows:

[0035] 1. Base plate; 2. Universal self-locking casters; 3. Detection tank; 4. Blower; 5. Solenoid valve for air supply; 6. Air supply duct; 7. Feed gate; 8. Control panel; 9. Electronic gunpowder ignition device; 10. Connecting flange A; 11. Connecting flange B; 12. Pressure relief pipe; 13. Detection mounting pipe; 14. Detection box; 15. Displacement sensor; 16. Explosion-proof glass; 17. Sealing valve; 18. Sealing ring; 19. Disc spring; 20. Adjusting screw; 21. Drive disc; 22. Pressure relief pipe; 23. Cooling shell; 24. Gas collection hopper; 25. Heat exchange tube; 26. Cold water pipe; 27. Exhaust filter box; 28. Filter plate; 29. ​​Activated carbon plate; 30. Integrated plate; 31. Adjusting block; 32. Exhaust structure; 33. Return pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model.

[0037] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the environmental performance testing device for fireworks and firecrackers proposed in this embodiment includes a base plate 1, and further includes:

[0038] The universal self-locking wheels 2 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the base plate 1 and are symmetrically distributed about the base plate 1;

[0039] The detection container 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the base plate 1, and an electronic gunpowder ignition device 9 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection container 3.

[0040] Pressure relief components, including:

[0041] Connecting flange A10 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the testing tank 3, and connecting flange A10 is connected to pressure relief pipe 12 through connecting flange B11;

[0042] The detection installation pipe 13 is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure relief pipe 12 away from the connecting flange B11. The top of the detection installation pipe 13 is fixedly connected to the detection box 14. The inner wall of the detection box 14 is fixedly connected to the displacement sensor 15. The inner wall of the detection box 14 is also fixedly connected to the explosion-proof glass 16. The displacement sensor 15 in the detection box 14 at the top of the detection installation pipe 13 captures its displacement distance in real time. The explosion-proof glass 16 on the inner wall of the detection box 14 protects the displacement sensor 15 from the impact of high-pressure gas. The displacement data is transmitted to the control panel 8 through the line to realize real-time monitoring of pressure changes.

[0043] The sealing valve 17 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the detection installation tube 13. Two to four sets of sealing rings 18 are provided on the outer wall of the sealing valve 17, and the outer wall of the sealing ring 18 abuts against the inner wall of the detection installation tube 13.

[0044] A disc spring 19 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sealing valve 17, and an adjusting block 31 is fixedly connected to the end of the disc spring 19 away from the sealing valve 17. An adjusting screw 20 that is rotatably connected to the side wall of the adjusting block 31 and rotatably connected to the detection mounting tube 13 is rotatably connected to the adjusting screw 20. A drive disc 21 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjusting screw 20.

[0045] The pressure relief pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the detection installation pipe 13. High-pressure gas in the detection tank 3 enters the pressure relief pipe 12 through the connecting flange A10 and connecting flange B11 on the side wall, and then flows into the detection installation pipe 13, generating a thrust on the sealing valve 17 that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the detection installation pipe 13. Under the action of the thrust, the sealing valve 17 compresses the disc spring 19 fixed on the side wall. At the same time, the sealing ring 18 on its outer wall always abuts against the inner wall of the detection installation pipe 13 to ensure the sealing during the pressure relief process. When the sealing valve 17 moves, if it is necessary to adjust the pressure relief threshold, the drive disc 21 on the outer wall of the adjusting screw 20 can be rotated to drive the adjusting screw 20 to rotate in the detection installation pipe 13, thereby pushing the adjusting block 31 to move and change the preload of the disc spring 19 to adapt to the pressure requirements under different detection scenarios.

[0046] The cooling and purification component is located at the bottom of the pressure relief pipe 22.

[0047] like Figure 4-5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the cooling and purification component further includes:

[0048] Cooling shell 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of pressure discharge pipe 22, and gas collecting hoppers 24 symmetrically distributed about cooling shell 23 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of cooling shell 23. Heat exchange tubes 25 are evenly distributed between the symmetrical gas collecting hoppers 24.

[0049] The cold water pipe 26 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cooling shell 23, and the cold water pipe 26 and the heat exchange pipe 25 cooperate with each other.

[0050] An exhaust filter box 27 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cooling shell 23, and an integrated plate 30 is slidably connected to the side wall of the exhaust filter box 27. One to three sets of filter plates 28 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the integrated plate 30, and an activated carbon plate 29 is also fixedly connected to the side wall of the integrated plate 30. When the sealing valve 17 moves to the position of the pressure relief pipe 22 of the detection installation pipe 13, the high-pressure gas enters the cooling shell 23 through the pressure relief pipe 22. The gas collecting hoppers 24 symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the cooling shell 23 gather the gas into the evenly distributed heat exchange tubes 25. At the same time, the cold water pipe 26 on the side wall of the cooling shell 23... Cold water is introduced, and the cold water exchanges heat with the high-temperature gas in the heat exchange tube 25 to achieve rapid cooling of the gas. The cooled gas enters the exhaust filter box 27 at the bottom of the cooling shell 23. First, it passes through the filter plate 28 fixed on the side wall of the integrated plate 30 to filter out particulate impurities in the gas. Then, it passes through the activated carbon plate 29 on the side wall of the integrated plate 30 to adsorb harmful gas components. Finally, the qualified gas is discharged from the bottom of the exhaust filter box 27. If the filter and adsorption components need to be replaced, the integrated plate 30 can be pulled out from the side wall of the exhaust filter box 27, and reinserted after the component replacement is completed.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the top of the test tank 3 is further provided with an exhaust structure 32 fixedly connected to it, and the top of the exhaust structure 32 is fixedly connected with a return pipe 33 connected to the cooling shell 23. The exhaust structure 32 introduces the initial air in the test tank 3 into the cooling shell 23 through the return pipe 33 for the discharge and treatment of residual gas.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, further, a blower 4 symmetrically distributed about the base plate 1 is fixedly connected to the top of the base plate 1, and a blower solenoid valve 5 is fixedly connected to the air outlet of the blower 4. The blower solenoid valve 5 is connected to the detection tank 3 through the air supply pipe 6. The blower 4 and the exhaust structure 32 cooperate with each other. The control panel 8 issues a command to start the blower 4 symmetrically distributed about the top of the base plate 1, and at the same time open the blower solenoid valve 5 at the air outlet of the blower 4. External air enters the detection tank 3 through the air supply pipe 6.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, a feeding door 7 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the detection tank 3, and a control panel 8 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the detection tank 3. The control panel 8 is used to control the equipment and display the detection data.

[0054] Specifically, when using this fireworks and firecrackers environmental performance testing device: The device is moved to the required testing position and locked using the symmetrically distributed universal self-locking wheels 2 at the bottom of the base plate 1, completing the basic setup. The feeding door 7, rotatably connected to the side wall of the testing tank 3, is opened, and the fireworks and firecrackers to be tested are added into the testing tank 3. After closing the feeding door 7, the entire device is started via the control panel 8 on the side wall of the testing tank 3, entering the testing preparation state. The control panel 8 issues a command to start the blowers 4 symmetrically distributed at the top of the base plate 1, and simultaneously opens the air supply solenoid valve 5 at the outlet of the blowers 4. External air enters the testing tank 3 through the air supply pipe 6. At the same time, the exhaust structure 32 at the top of the testing tank 3 is simultaneously activated, guiding the initial air inside the testing tank 3 into the lower part of the tank through the return pipe 33. The temperature shell 23 forms an airflow circulation, quickly replacing the air inside the detection tank 3 to avoid residual gas interfering with subsequent detection; the control panel 8 controls the activation of the electronic gunpowder ignition device 9 on the inner wall of the detection tank 3, igniting the gunpowder inside the tank. During the combustion of the gunpowder, a large amount of gas is generated, causing the internal pressure of the detection tank 3 to continuously rise. When the pressure exceeds the set initial threshold, it starts to drive the pressure relief component to operate; the high-pressure gas inside the detection tank 3 enters the pressure relief pipe 12 through the connecting flanges A10 and B11 on the side wall, and then rushes into the detection installation pipe 13, generating a thrust on the sealing valve 17 that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the detection installation pipe 13. Under the action of the thrust, the sealing valve 17 compresses the disc spring 19 fixed on the side wall, while its outer sealing ring 18 is always in contact with the detection installation pipe 13. 3. The inner walls abut against each other to ensure sealing during the pressure relief process. When the sealing valve 17 moves, the displacement sensor 15 in the detection box 14 at the top of the detection installation pipe 13 captures its displacement distance in real time. The explosion-proof glass 16 on the inner wall of the detection box 14 protects the displacement sensor 15 from the impact of high-pressure gas. The displacement data is transmitted to the control panel 8 through the line to realize real-time monitoring of pressure changes. If it is necessary to adjust the pressure relief threshold, the drive disc 21 on the outer wall of the adjusting screw 20 can be rotated to drive the adjusting screw 20 to rotate in the detection installation pipe 13, thereby pushing the adjusting block 31 to move and change the preload of the disc spring 19 to adapt to the pressure requirements under different detection scenarios. When the sealing valve 17 moves to the position of the pressure relief pipe 22 of the detection installation pipe 13, the high-pressure gas passes through the pressure relief pipe. The gas enters the cooling shell 23 through pipe 22. The gas collection hoppers 24, which are symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the cooling shell 23, gather the gas into the heat exchange tubes 25 that are evenly distributed. At the same time, cold water is introduced into the cooling shell 23 through the cold water pipe 26 on the side wall. The cold water exchanges heat with the high-temperature gas in the heat exchange tubes 25 to achieve rapid cooling of the gas. The cooled gas enters the exhaust filter box 27 at the bottom of the cooling shell 23. First, the gas passes through the filter plate 28 fixed on the side wall of the integrated plate 30 to filter out particulate impurities. Then, the gas passes through the activated carbon plate 29 on the side wall of the integrated plate 30 to adsorb harmful gas components. Finally, the qualified gas is discharged from the bottom of the exhaust filter box 27. If the filter and adsorption components need to be replaced, the integrated plate 30 can be pulled out from the side wall of the exhaust filter box 27, and reinserted after the component replacement is completed.After the gunpowder combustion ends and the pressure returns to normal, the disc spring 19 pushes the sealing valve 17 to reset. The blower 4 and exhaust structure 32 continue to operate for a period of time to replace the residual gas in the detection tank 3. Then, the control panel 8 issues a command to shut down all components and open the feed door 7 to clean the inside of the detection tank 3, completing one detection process.

Claims

1. A device for testing the environmental performance of fireworks and firecrackers, comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that, Also includes: Universal self-locking wheels (2) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the base plate (1) and are symmetrically distributed about the base plate (1); The detection container (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the base plate (1), and an electronic gunpowder ignition device (9) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection container (3); Pressure relief components, including: A connecting flange A (10) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the testing tank (3), and the connecting flange A (10) is connected to a pressure relief pipe (12) through a connecting flange B (11); The detection installation pipe (13) is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure relief pipe (12) away from the connecting flange B (11). The top of the detection installation pipe (13) is fixedly connected to the detection box (14). The inner wall of the detection box (14) is fixedly connected to the displacement sensor (15). The inner wall of the detection box (14) is also fixedly connected to the explosion-proof glass (16). A sealing valve (17) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the detection installation tube (13). Two to four sets of sealing rings (18) are provided on the outer wall of the sealing valve (17), and the outer wall of the sealing rings (18) abuts against the inner wall of the detection installation tube (13). A disc spring (19) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the sealing valve (17), and an adjusting block (31) is fixedly connected to the end of the disc spring (19) away from the sealing valve (17). An adjusting screw (20) that is rotatably connected to the side wall of the adjusting block (31) and rotatably connected to the detection mounting tube (13) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the adjusting screw (20). A drive disc (21) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjusting screw (20). The pressure relief pipe (22) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the detection installation pipe (13); The cooling and purification component is located at the bottom of the pressure relief pipe (22).

2. The environmental performance testing device for fireworks and firecrackers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling and purification component includes: A cooling shell (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure relief pipe (22), and the inner wall of the cooling shell (23) is fixedly connected with gas collecting hoppers (24) symmetrically distributed about the cooling shell (23), and heat exchange tubes (25) are fixedly connected between the symmetrical gas collecting hoppers (24). A cold water pipe (26) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cooling shell (23), and the cold water pipe (26) and the heat exchange pipe (25) cooperate with each other; An exhaust filter box (27) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cooling shell (23), and an integrated plate (30) is slidably connected to the side wall of the exhaust filter box (27). One to three sets of filter plates (28) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the integrated plate (30), and an activated carbon plate (29) is also fixedly connected to the side wall of the integrated plate (30).

3. The environmental performance testing device for fireworks and firecrackers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the test tank (3) is fixedly connected to an exhaust structure (32), and the top of the exhaust structure (32) is fixedly connected to a return pipe (33) that communicates with the cooling shell (23).

4. The environmental performance testing device for fireworks and firecrackers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the base plate (1) is fixedly connected to a blower (4) symmetrically distributed about the base plate (1). The outlet of the blower (4) is fixedly connected to a blower solenoid valve (5). The blower solenoid valve (5) is connected to the detection tank (3) through a blower pipe (6). The blower (4) and the exhaust structure (32) cooperate with each other.

5. The environmental performance testing device for fireworks and firecrackers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the testing tank (3) is rotatably connected to a feeding door (7), and the side wall of the testing tank (3) is fixedly connected to a control panel (8).

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