A pathological biopsy knife

Abstract

A pathological sampling knife comprises a knife holder, a rotating shaft, a plurality of circular blades and at least two positioning wheels. The knife holder comprises a middle holder body and two shaft plates vertically arranged at two ends of the holder body. The rotating shaft is spaced from the holder body, and the rotating shaft is rotatably penetrated through shaft holes arranged on the two shaft plates at two ends. The plurality of circular blades are equally spaced and fixed on the rotating shaft between the two shaft plates, and the radius of the circular blades is smaller than the distance between the rotating shaft and the holder body. The two positioning wheels are rotatably connected to the two end portions of the rotating shaft penetrated through the shaft holes. The diameter of the positioning wheels is larger than the diameter of the circular blades. Thus, the rotating shaft and the holder body can drive the circular blades to rotate, and the specimen can be cut into pages with a predetermined thickness. The rotating cutting can effectively avoid the pulling and extruding of the traditional straight blade on the tissue, protect the integrity of the tissue form, and improve the cutting quality. Moreover, one push can realize the cutting of multiple pieces, and the sampling efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a pathological sampling knife. Background Technology

[0002] In pathological diagnosis, standardized sampling of surgically removed specimens is the first step in preparing pathological slides and a crucial step in ensuring diagnostic accuracy. Current guidelines require that the surgical specimen be cut into pages at intervals no greater than 5 mm (the specimen should not be completely severed; each slice should have a small portion at the bottom connected to the adjacent slices, like pages in a book). Then, like turning the pages of a book, carefully examine each slice to locate the lesion, observe its shape and its relationship with surrounding tissues, and, depending on the nature of the lesion, cut several tissue blocks no more than 3 mm thick.

[0003] Currently, pathologists commonly use a scalpel fitted with a long, narrow blade (approximately 8 cm long and 0.8 cm wide) to manually cut surgical specimens. This traditional method has significant drawbacks: 1. Difficulty in controlling precision: It is impossible to precisely cut the surgical specimen in a book-page pattern at 5mm intervals; 2. Uneven thickness: Relying on manual control of a single blade for multiple cuts makes it difficult to ensure that the thickness of the cut tissue slices is uniform. 3. Time-consuming and labor-intensive: After the surgical specimen is cut open like a book page and the specimen is observed, several 3mm thick tissue blocks must be cut out according to the needs of the lesion for subsequent pathological work. Cutting 3mm thick tissue from 5mm thick tissue is very time-consuming and labor-intensive, and it is impossible to guarantee that the thickness of the cut tissue is the specified 3mm. 4. Tissue damage: When cutting, especially when encountering hard or calcified tissue, straight blades generate a large pulling force, which causes the tissue to be squeezed and torn, damaging the tissue structure. 5. Low efficiency: The entire process requires repeated cutting, which is physically demanding for doctors and inefficient.

[0004] Although there are some improved solutions for the dual-blade design, such as the dual-blade pathology sampling knife disclosed in Chinese patent CN204797902U, this solution still uses a straight blade and has the following defects: 1. It cannot accurately cut the surgical specimen in a book-page pattern at 5mm intervals; 2. It fails to fundamentally solve the problem of tissue tearing. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pathological sampling knife that has the advantages of improving the quality and efficiency of sampling.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the solution of this utility model is: A pathological sampling scalpel includes a scalpel holder, a rotating shaft, several circular blades, and at least two positioning wheels; The tool holder includes a frame in the middle and two shaft plates that are respectively perpendicularly arranged at both ends of the frame; The rotating shaft is spaced apart from the frame, and both ends of the rotating shaft rotatably pass through the shaft holes provided on the two shaft plates; The circular blades are equally spaced and fixed on the rotating shaft between the two shaft plates, and the radius of the circular blades is smaller than the distance between the rotating shaft and the frame. The two positioning wheels are rotatably connected to the two ends of the shaft through the shaft hole; the diameter of the positioning wheels is larger than the diameter of the circular blade.

[0007] Furthermore, a wear-resistant ring or a rotating bearing is provided between the shaft hole and the rotating shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, one of the shaft plates at both ends of the frame is detachably connected to the frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotating shaft includes a rotating shaft portion located between two shaft plates and a connecting portion that passes through two shaft holes and connects to the positioning wheel; the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft portion is provided with an outwardly protruding limiting protrusion extending along the axial direction, and one end of the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft portion is also provided with an outwardly protruding limiting block, and the other end is provided with a blade support limiting hole, in which a blade support limiting pin is movably installed; each circular blade is fixedly provided with a blade support in the middle, and the blade support is sleeved and fixed on the rotating shaft; each blade support is sequentially sleeved on the rotating shaft and limited between the limiting block and the blade support limiting pin, and the inner hole of the blade support is provided with a limiting notch corresponding to the locking limiting protrusion.

[0010] Furthermore, the other end of the rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of axially spaced blade support limiting holes.

[0011] Furthermore, the blade holder limiting pin is provided with external threads and can be detachably screwed into the blade holder limiting hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the circular blade has a blade hole in the middle and a notch on one side of the blade hole; the blade holder is fixed on the blade hole and has a protrusion that fits into the notch.

[0013] Furthermore, the blade holder protrudes 1.5mm upwards on both sides of the circular blade.

[0014] Furthermore, the connecting part is provided with external threads; one end of a connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the middle of the positioning wheel, and the other end of the connecting shaft is detachably screwed to the connecting part; the positioning wheels are multiple sets arranged in pairs symmetrically, and the diameter of each set of positioning wheels is different and all are larger than the diameter of the circular blade.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a baffle; the baffle includes a pressure plate and a handle, the width of the pressure plate is not greater than the distance between two shaft plates, one end of the handle is connected to the pressure plate, and the other end forms a handle part; the tool holder also includes a tool handle, one end of the tool handle is fixedly connected to the middle of the frame, and the other end forms a grip part.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model can use the blade holder and the rotating shaft to drive the rotation of the circular blades set at intervals. At the same time, the diameter of the positioning wheel is larger than that of the circular blades, which can accurately cut the specimen into pages according to the predetermined thickness. Moreover, the wheel cutting changes the sliding friction to rolling friction, which effectively avoids the pulling and squeezing of tissues by traditional straight blades, protects the integrity of tissue morphology, and has high cutting quality. Furthermore, multiple slices can be cut in one push, resulting in high material extraction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a front view of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view (a) of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view (II) of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0018] Labeling: Tool holder 1, frame 11, extension plate 111, shaft plate 12, shaft hole 121, wear ring 122, tool holder 13, grip part 131, rotating shaft 2, rotating shaft part 211, connecting part 212, limiting protrusion 213, limiting block 214, blade holder limiting hole 215, blade holder limiting pin 216, round blade 3, blade holder 31, inner hole 311, limiting notch 312, boss 313, blade hole 32, notch 33, positioning wheel 4, connecting shaft 41, screw thread 42, baffle 5, pressure plate 51, handle 52, handle part 521. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a pathological sampling knife of this embodiment includes a knife holder 1, a rotating shaft 2, several circular blades 3 and at least two positioning wheels 4.

[0021] The tool holder 1 includes a frame 11 in the middle and two shaft plates 12 respectively perpendicularly disposed at both ends of the frame 11.

[0022] The rotating shaft 2 is spaced apart from the frame 11, and both ends of the rotating shaft 2 rotatably pass through the shaft holes 121 provided on the two shaft plates 12.

[0023] The circular blades 3 are equally spaced and fixed on the rotating shaft 2 between the two shaft plates 12. The radius of the circular blades 3 is smaller than the distance between the rotating shaft 2 and the frame 11.

[0024] The two positioning wheels 4 are rotatably connected to the two ends of the shaft 2 through the shaft hole 121; the diameter of the positioning wheel 4 is larger than the diameter of the circular blade 3.

[0025] Therefore, in this embodiment, the blade holder 1 and the rotating shaft 2 can drive each circular blade 3 to rotate. At the same time, the diameter of the positioning wheel 4 is larger than that of the circular blade 3, which can accurately cut the specimen into pages according to the predetermined thickness. Moreover, the rotary cutting changes the sliding friction to rolling friction, which effectively avoids the pulling and squeezing of tissues by traditional straight blades, protects the integrity of the tissue morphology, and has high cutting quality. Furthermore, multiple slices can be cut in one push, resulting in high material extraction efficiency.

[0026] In this embodiment, a wear-resistant ring 122 or a rotating bearing may be provided between the shaft hole 121 and the rotating shaft 2 to reduce wear and improve rotational smoothness.

[0027] In this embodiment, the frame 11 can be a straight plate, and the knife holder 1 can also include a knife handle 13. One end of the knife handle 13 is fixedly connected to the middle of the frame 11, and the other end extends outward to form a gripping part 131, which can be conveniently gripped and pushed to drive the circular blade 3 to cut.

[0028] Meanwhile, one of the shaft plates 12 at both ends of the frame 11 can be detachably connected to the frame 11. In this embodiment, the lower left shaft plate 12 of the frame 11 is a fixed structure, and the lower right shaft plate 12 can be detachably locked to the lower right extension plate 111 of the frame 11 by screws and nuts, which can facilitate the installation and replacement of the rotating shaft 2 and the circular blade 3, and can replace the circular blades 3 with different spacing and numbers as needed.

[0029] Specifically, the rotating shaft 2 may include a rotating shaft portion 211 located between two shaft plates 12 and a connecting portion 212 that passes through two shaft holes 121 and is connected to the positioning wheel 4; Referring to 3, in this embodiment, the rotating shaft portion 211 has a limiting protrusion 213 that protrudes outward and extends axially on its peripheral wall, and one end (left end) of the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft 2 is also provided with a protruding limiting block 214, and the other end (right end) is provided with a blade holder limiting hole 215, in which a blade holder limiting pin 216 with external threads is movably locked and installed.

[0030] Each circular blade 3 has a blade holder 31 fixed in the middle, which can be sleeved and fixed on the rotating shaft 2. Specifically, the inner hole 311 of the blade holder 31 is provided with a limiting notch 312 corresponding to the locking limiting protrusion 213.

[0031] During installation, the blade holders 31 of several circular blades 3 are sequentially fitted onto the rotating shaft 211 of the rotating shaft 2 and confined between the limiting block 214 and the blade holder limiting pin 216.

[0032] Each circular blade 3 can be sequentially mounted on the rotating shaft 211 from right to left via the blade holder 31. The limiting notch 312 on the blade holder 31 ensures that the circular blade 3 can rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 2. After each circular blade 3 is installed in the rotating shaft 211, it is limited by the limiting block 214 on the left and by the limiting pin 216 on the right, thereby achieving the installation and fixation of all circular blades 3, ensuring that the installation of each circular blade 3 is stable and reliable and not easy to loosen.

[0033] At the same time, it also facilitates the replacement of the circular blade 3, and makes it easy to replace the severely worn circular blade 3 individually, which can reduce the cost of use and increase the service life.

[0034] Furthermore, the other end of the rotating shaft 211 may be provided with a number of axially spaced blade support limiting holes 215. By providing multiple blade support limiting holes 215, the number of circular blades 3 can be easily adjusted and then limited and fixed.

[0035] In this embodiment, the circular blade 3 may also have a blade hole 32 in the middle, and a notch 33 is provided on one side of the blade hole 32; the blade support 31 is fixed on the blade hole 32 and has a protrusion 313 that fits into the notch 33; the blade support 31 protrudes 1.5mm axially to both sides of the circular blade 3.

[0036] By making the blade holder 31 protrude 1.5mm on both sides, the spacing between the assembled circular blades 3 is a standard 3mm, so that multiple 3mm thick tissue slices can be obtained in one cut without the need for secondary cutting.

[0037] In this embodiment, the positioning wheels 4 are arranged in multiple pairs symmetrically, and the diameter of each group of positioning wheels 4 is different and is larger than the diameter of the circular blade 3.

[0038] The connecting part 212 may be provided with external threads; and the middle part of the positioning wheel 4 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting shaft 41, and the other end of the connecting shaft 41 may be provided with a threaded post 42 for easy detachable screw connection with the connecting part 212.

[0039] By setting the end of the positioning wheel 4 and the rotating shaft 2 that passes through the shaft hole 121 to be detachably rotatably connected, the thickness of each specimen and the thickness of the tissue retained at the bottom can be precisely controlled by selecting the diameter of the positioning wheel 4 and fixing the blade spacing.

[0040] In this embodiment, a baffle 5 may also be included; the baffle 5 includes a pressure plate 51 and a handle 52. The width of the pressure plate 51 is not greater than the distance between the two shaft plates 12. One end of the handle 52 is connected to the pressure plate 51, and the other end forms a handle portion 521.

[0041] Therefore, when the circular blade 3 is advancing and the cut specimen rotates along with it, the pressure plate 51 of the baffle 5 can be used to block the specimen downwards next to the circular blade 3, which can prevent the specimen from rotating with the blade and improve the convenience of operation.

[0042] In summary, this embodiment has at least the following advantages: 1. Precise book-page slicing: It is equipped with several parallel circular blades 3, plus positioning wheels 4 with a diameter larger than the circular blades 3, which can precisely slice the specimen into a book-page shape; and the positioning wheels 4 are available in various specifications to meet the needs of different types of specimens with different thicknesses of remaining tissue at the bottom of the book pages.

[0043] 2. High cutting quality: It is equipped with several parallel circular blades 3 with a spacing of 3mm, which rotate and cut at one time to cut several tissue slices with a thickness of 3mm and uniform thickness, ensuring that the material quality and thickness meet the specifications.

[0044] 3. No tissue pulling: The rotating forward motion of the circular blade 3 changes sliding friction to rolling friction, effectively avoiding the pulling and squeezing of tissues caused by traditional straight blades, thus protecting the integrity of tissue morphology.

[0045] 4. Safe and labor-saving operation: The specimen is cut in a book-page pattern at 3mm intervals, which can overcome the process of "cutting 3mm thick tissue from 5mm thick tissue" in the traditional sampling method, making the operation safer; the rotary cutting makes the operation more labor-saving.

[0046] 5. High efficiency and convenience: The entire surgical specimen can be cut at 3mm intervals with a single push, greatly improving the efficiency of specimen collection.

[0047] 6. Stable and economical: The blades are fixed securely; each blade is relatively independent and modularly installed. When replacing blades, only the severely worn blades need to be replaced, instead of replacing all blades at once.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are protected by this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, equivalent changes and modifications without departing from the principle of this utility model should still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientations or positional relationships commonly used when the product is in use, or the orientations or positional relationships commonly understood by those skilled in the art. These are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" and "several" mean two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

Claims

1. A pathological sampling scalpel, characterized in that: Includes a tool holder, a rotating shaft, several circular blades, and at least two positioning wheels; The tool holder includes a frame in the middle and two shaft plates that are respectively perpendicularly arranged at both ends of the frame; The rotating shaft is spaced apart from the frame, and both ends of the rotating shaft rotatably pass through the shaft holes provided on the two shaft plates; The circular blades are equally spaced and fixed on the rotating shaft between the two shaft plates, and the radius of the circular blades is smaller than the distance between the rotating shaft and the frame. The two positioning wheels are rotatably connected to the two ends of the shaft through the shaft hole; the diameter of the positioning wheels is larger than the diameter of the circular blade.

2. The pathological sampling knife according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wear-resistant ring or a rotating bearing is provided between the shaft hole and the rotating shaft.

3. The pathological sampling scalpel according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the axle plates at both ends of the frame is detachably connected to the frame.

4. The pathological sampling knife according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft includes a rotating shaft portion located between two shaft plates and a connecting portion that passes through two shaft holes and connects to a positioning wheel; the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft portion is provided with an outwardly protruding limiting protrusion extending axially, and one end of the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft portion is also provided with an outwardly protruding limiting block, and the other end is provided with a blade support limiting hole, in which a blade support limiting pin is movably installed; each circular blade is fixedly provided with a blade support in the middle, and the blade support is sleeved and fixed on the rotating shaft; each blade support is sequentially sleeved on the rotating shaft and limited between the limiting block and the blade support limiting pin, and the inner hole of the blade support is provided with a limiting notch corresponding to the locking limiting protrusion.

5. A pathological sampling scalpel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The other end of the rotating shaft is provided with several axially spaced blade support limiting holes.

6. A pathological sampling knife according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The blade holder limiting pin is provided with external threads and can be detachably screwed into the blade holder limiting hole.

7. A pathological sampling scalpel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The circular blade has a blade hole in the middle and a notch on one side of the blade hole; the blade holder is fixed on the blade hole and has a protrusion that fits into the notch.

8. A pathological sampling scalpel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blade holder protrudes 1.5mm upwards on both sides of the circular blade.

9. A pathological sampling scalpel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting part is provided with external threads; one end of a connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the middle of the positioning wheel, and the other end of the connecting shaft is detachably screwed to the connecting part; the positioning wheels are multiple sets arranged in pairs symmetrically, and the diameter of each set of positioning wheels is different and all are larger than the diameter of the circular blade.

10. A pathological sampling scalpel according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a baffle; the baffle includes a pressure plate and a handle, the width of the pressure plate is not greater than the distance between two shaft plates, one end of the handle is connected to the pressure plate, and the other end forms a handle part; the tool holder also includes a tool handle, one end of the tool handle is fixedly connected to the middle of the frame, and the other end forms a grip part.

Images