A device for testing the shear resistance of a wooden sleeper to a rail spike

Abstract

The utility model relates to railway engineering detection technical field, concretely relates to a wood sleeper and way nail connection shearing performance testing arrangement, including bottom plate, bottom plate connection is provided with four screw rods, four screw rods are rectangular frame structure settings, the bottom plate upper portion is provided with two cross beams, and the cavity that places the wood sleeper is formed between two cross beams and bottom plate, is used for placing the wood sleeper, the screw rod of cross beam upper portion is connected with nut A through screw thread, is used for clamping fixed wood sleeper, ensures that wood sleeper not to displace in the testing process, guarantees the accuracy of test result, the top plate is linked with screw rod, the top plate lower end surface is connected with dynamometer, and the lower part of dynamometer is provided with linear expansion joint, and the linear expansion joint output end is connected and is provided with the pressure plate, and the linear expansion joint is vertically structured and sets up, can pass to the force gauge reverse force transmission, is used for detecting the size of the force, realizes the quantitative evaluation to wood sleeper and way nail anchoring quality, provides direct data support for line maintenance and safe operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway engineering testing technology, specifically to a device for testing the shear resistance of the connection between wooden sleepers and track spikes. Background Technology

[0002] Wooden sleepers are a key component widely used in global railway infrastructure. The excellent elasticity and shock absorption properties of natural wood effectively absorb vibrations and impacts generated during train operation, improving ride smoothness. Simultaneously, the inherent electrical insulation properties of wood contribute to the reliability and safety of track circuits. Furthermore, wooden sleepers are easy to process and install, lightweight, have relatively low initial investment costs, and form a good mechanical bond with the ballast layer. Due to these combined advantages, wooden sleepers continue to be widely used in many countries and regions around the world.

[0003] However, as a natural organic material, wood is subject to environmental humidity, biological corrosion, and load fatigue during long-term service, leading to a gradual degradation of its mechanical properties. Against this backdrop, the connection strength between the wooden sleepers and the rail fastening system becomes a core factor directly related to the overall stability of the track structure and the safety of line operation. Spiral spikes, as key connectors for anchoring rails and wooden sleepers, are widely used in railway engineering due to their high mechanical strength, excellent anti-loosening reliability, low production and maintenance costs, and ease of on-site construction, replacement, and maintenance.

[0004] The anchoring mechanism of helical rail spikes lies in the continuous helical grooves machined on the surface of the spike, which, during the screwing into the pre-drilled holes in the sleeper, form a tight interlock and compression with the wood fibers. This interaction primarily relies on the radial gripping force provided by the wood to transform the lateral shear load transmitted from the train to the spike into compressive stress within the wood, thereby providing the necessary shear resistance for the rail system. Therefore, effective testing of the shear strength of helical rail spikes is crucial.

[0005] Currently, there is a lack of specialized equipment on the market for testing the shear resistance of spiral spikes in wooden sleepers (especially repaired old wooden sleepers). Utility Model Content

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a shear resistance testing device for the connection between wooden sleepers and rail spikes. The technical solution adopted is as follows: A device for testing the shear resistance of a connection between a wooden sleeper and a rail spike, characterized in that it comprises: Base plate; The screws, all four of them are connected to the base plate; Two crossbeams are set on the upper part of the base plate. One crossbeam is connected to two screws, and the other crossbeam is connected to two other screws. The two crossbeams and the base plate form a cavity for placing wooden sleepers. Nut A is located at the top of the crossbeam, and nut A is connected to the screw rod by a thread; Top plate, which is connected to the screw rod; A force gauge is installed on the lower end face of the top plate; The linear telescopic component and the pressure plate are connected to the force gauge through the linear telescopic component, and the linear telescopic component is set in a vertical structure.

[0007] Furthermore, the screws are distributed in a rectangular structure on the base plate; The two crossbeams are arranged in a parallel structure with intervals.

[0008] Furthermore, a vertical support plate is fixedly installed at the lower part of the base plate; The lower part of the screw passes through the base plate and is connected to nut B by threads.

[0009] Furthermore, the screw passes through the crossbeam, the crossbeam can move along the screw, and the screw at the bottom of the crossbeam is connected to a nut C by a thread.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper part of the screw passes through the top plate and is connected to a nut D by threads, and a nut E is provided on the lower end face of the top plate. Nut E is connected to the screw by threads.

[0011] Furthermore, the linear telescopic component is a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder. The outer cylinder wall of the hydraulic cylinder or electric cylinder is fitted with a limit sleeve, and the limit sleeve is fixedly connected to a support plate. The support plate is connected to the screw through a nut F.

[0012] Furthermore, the pressure plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder or electric cylinder, and an arc-shaped groove is provided on the lower end face of the pressure plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the force gauge includes a spoke-type sensor and a display, which are electrically connected.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: the cavity formed by the screw, crossbeam and base plate is used to clamp and fix the wooden sleeper, ensuring that the wooden sleeper will not be displaced during the test and guaranteeing the accuracy of the test results; then, the upper linear telescopic component drives the pressure plate to apply pressure to the rail spike and transmits the reverse force to the force gauge to detect the magnitude of the applied force, thereby realizing a quantitative assessment of the anchoring quality of the wooden sleeper and rail spike, and providing direct data support for line maintenance and safe operation.

[0015] By setting nuts A, B, C, D, E, and F on the screw, the height of the cavity can be adjusted to accommodate wooden sleepers of different heights. The positions of the top plate and support plate can also be adjusted to accommodate wooden sleepers of different sizes and specifications, meeting diverse testing needs.

[0016] By setting up sleeves and support plates, the linear telescopic components are guaranteed to maintain stable vertical movement during operation, avoiding deviations in test results due to lateral forces. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model; In the picture: 1. Base plate, 2. Screw, 3. Crossbeam, 4. Nut A, 5. Top plate, 6. Force gauge, 7. Linear telescopic component, 8. Pressure plate, 9. Nut B, 10. Nut C, 11. Nut D, 12. Nut E, 13. Limiting sleeve, 14. Support plate, 15. Nut F, 16. Vertical support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following embodiments, so that the public can better understand the implementation method of this utility model. The specific implementation scheme of this utility model is as follows: A shear resistance testing device for the connection between a wooden sleeper and a railway spike includes a base plate 1. Four screw rods are connected to the base plate 1, forming a rectangular frame structure. Two crossbeams 3 are mounted on the upper part of the base plate 1. One crossbeam 3 is connected to two screw rods 2, and the other crossbeam 3 is connected to two more screw rods 2. The two crossbeams 3 are parallel and spaced apart, forming a cavity between the two crossbeams 3 and the base plate 1 for placing the wooden sleeper. Nuts A4 are threadedly connected to the screw rods on the upper part of the crossbeams 3 to clamp and fix the wooden sleeper, ensuring... The wooden sleepers will not shift during the test, ensuring the accuracy of the test results. A top plate is installed on the upper part of the crossbeam, and the top plate 5 is connected to the screw 2. A force gauge is connected to the lower end of the top plate 5, and a linear telescopic component 7 is installed below the force gauge. A pressure plate 8 is connected to the output end of the linear telescopic component 7, and the linear telescopic component 7 is set in a vertical structure, which can transmit the reverse force to the force gauge to detect the magnitude of the applied force, realize the quantitative assessment of the anchoring quality of the wooden sleepers and track spikes, and provide direct data support for line maintenance and safe operation.

[0019] It should be noted that a vertical support plate 16 is fixedly installed at the lower part of the base plate 1, and a nut B9 is threaded through the lower part of the screw rod 2 through the base plate 1, which facilitates the installation and removal of the nut B9.

[0020] It should be noted that the screw 2 passes through the crossbeam 3, and the crossbeam 3 can move along the screw 2. The screw 2 at the bottom of the crossbeam 3 is connected to the nut C10 by a thread. The minimum distance between the crossbeam 3 and the base plate 1 can be adjusted by the nut C10 to facilitate the placement of the wooden sleeper. It should be explained that the position of the nut C10 should not affect the clamping of the crossbeam 3 on the wooden sleeper.

[0021] The upper part of the screw 2 passes through the top plate 5 and is connected to the nut D11 by thread. The lower end face of the top plate 5 is provided with the nut E12, which is connected to the screw 2 by thread. The position of the top plate 5 can be adjusted by the nuts D11 and E12, which is convenient for adapting to force gauges of different thicknesses and linear telescopic parts of different heights, thus improving practicality.

[0022] Specifically, the force gauge includes a spoke-type sensor 6 and a display. The spoke-type sensor 6 and the display are electrically connected, allowing personnel to visually observe the values. The pressure plate 8 is fixedly connected to the output end of the linear telescopic component 7, and the lower end face of the pressure plate 8 is provided with an arc-shaped groove. The arc-shaped groove can better fit with the head of the road spike, so that the pressure is evenly applied to the road spike.

[0023] In this embodiment, the linear telescopic component 7 is a hydraulic cylinder; in other embodiments, the linear telescopic component 7 can also be an electric cylinder.

[0024] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, a limiting sleeve 13 is slidably sleeved on the outer cylinder wall of the hydraulic cylinder or electric cylinder, and a support plate 14 is fixedly connected to the limiting sleeve 13. The support plate 14 is connected to the screw 2 through a nut F15; this ensures that the linear telescopic component always maintains stable vertical movement during operation, and avoids deviations in test results due to the influence of lateral forces.

[0025] The working principle and process of this utility model are as follows: First, place the wooden sleeper in the cavity and turn nut C10 downwards to adjust it. Then, turn nut A4 to press the wooden sleeper onto the base plate 1 through the crossbeam 3.

[0026] The second step is to use a powerful electric drill to drill holes in the areas of the wooden sleeper that need to be tested. The holes should be 20mm in diameter and 110mm deep, with the drilling direction perpendicular to the surface of the wooden sleeper. Then, screw the M22 type spiral track spike into the drilled holes, leaving a certain gap for connection with the pressure plate 8.

[0027] The third step is to start the hydraulic cylinder, which gradually extends until the pressure plate 8 touches the road spike. The spoke sensor 6 receives pressure until the road spike is pressed out of the hole. The maximum load value displayed on the monitor is the shear resistance of the wooden sleeper to the spiral road spike. Record this value. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "lower left," "upper right," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Although this utility model has been described according to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand from the above description that other embodiments can be conceived within the scope of this utility model described herein.

Claims

1. A device for testing the shear resistance of a connection between a wooden sleeper and a rail spike, characterized in that, include: Base plate (1); Screws (2), all four screws (2) are connected to the base plate (1); Two crossbeams (3) are set on the upper part of the base plate (1), and one crossbeam (3) is connected to two screws (2), and the other crossbeam (3) is connected to two other screws (2). The two crossbeams (3) and the base plate (1) form a cavity for placing wooden sleepers. Nut A (4) is located on the upper part of the crossbeam (3), and nut A (4) is connected to the screw (2) by a thread; Top plate (5), top plate (5) is connected to screw (2); A force gauge is installed on the lower end face of the top plate (5); The linear telescopic component (7) and the pressure plate (8) are connected to the force gauge through the linear telescopic component (7), and the linear telescopic component (7) is set in a vertical structure.

2. The shear resistance testing device for the connection between a wooden sleeper and a rail spike according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screws (2) are distributed in a rectangular structure on the base plate (1); The two crossbeams (3) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart.

3. The shear resistance testing device for the connection between a wooden sleeper and a rail spike according to claim 2, characterized in that: A vertical support plate (16) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the base plate (1); The lower part of the screw (2) passes through the base plate (1) and is connected to the nut B (9) by thread.

4. The shear resistance testing device for the connection between a wooden sleeper and a rail spike according to claim 2, characterized in that: The screw (2) passes through the crossbeam (3), the crossbeam (3) can move along the screw (2), and the screw (2) at the bottom of the crossbeam (3) is connected to the nut C (10) by thread.

5. The shear resistance testing device for the connection between a wooden sleeper and a rail spike according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper part of the screw (2) passes through the top plate (5) and is connected to the nut D (11) by thread. The lower end face of the top plate (5) is provided with the nut E (12), and the nut E (12) is connected to the screw (2) by thread.

6. The shear resistance testing device for the connection between a wooden sleeper and a rail spike according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear telescopic component (7) is a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder, and the outer cylinder wall of the hydraulic cylinder or electric cylinder is provided with a limiting sleeve (13). The limiting sleeve (13) is fixedly connected to a support plate (14), and the support plate (14) is connected to the screw (2) through a nut F (15).

7. The shear resistance testing device for the connection between a wooden sleeper and a rail spike according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressure plate (8) is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder or electric cylinder, and an arc groove is provided on the lower end face of the pressure plate (8).

8. The shear resistance testing device for the connection between a wooden sleeper and a rail spike according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force gauge includes a spoke sensor (6) and a display, which are electrically connected.

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