An optical detection device capable of automatically unloading a reagent card

Abstract

The utility model relates to an optical detection device capable of automatically unloading reagent cards, belonging to the technical field of medical instrument detection and analysis instrument. The device aims to solve the technical problems of complex overall structure, large space occupation, high cost and easy card stagnation of the existing optical detection device due to the need for independent pushing and unloading mechanism. The scheme sets up a longitudinal through detection channel in the carrier main body, and configures a laterally slidable carrier switch door at the bottom thereof, in combination with the optical detection assembly and the trigger mechanism driven by the driving mechanism, when the optical detection assembly completes scanning and continues to move, the actuating part thereon pushes the trigger mechanism, and then the carrier switch door is opened, so that the reagent card automatically falls and is unloaded under the action of gravity. The device is mainly used in in-vitro diagnosis detection and analysis equipment, realizing optical scanning detection of reagent cards and automatic unloading function after detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical device testing and analysis instruments, and in particular to an optical testing device that can automatically unload reagent cards. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of medical device testing and analysis instruments, optical detection devices are one of the core components. They are mainly responsible for optically scanning the reagent cards after the reaction and converting the light signal into an electrical signal, and then calculating the concentration value of the target indicator through algorithms.

[0003] Traditional optical detection devices of this type typically load reagent cards into a fixed support slot and require a separate pushing mechanism to eject the reagent card from the slot. This design presents several problems. First, the addition of a dedicated pushing mechanism increases the overall structure and the number of components, raising manufacturing costs and resulting in a cramped internal layout that occupies significant space. Second, increased structural complexity inevitably leads to more complex and multi-step motion processes, requiring precise coordination between moving parts. In actual operation, this type of mechanism has a relatively high probability of failure, especially during the ejection of the reagent card from the support slot, where jamming can easily occur, affecting the continuity and reliability of the detection process. Furthermore, while attempting to simplify the structure, reduce space requirements, and lower costs, it is also necessary to ensure the accuracy of reagent card positioning and the stability of the detection process, posing significant technical challenges for designers during the actual improvement process. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model addresses the following problems: The existing optical detection devices usually require a separate unloading mechanism to unload the reagent card, which results in a complex overall instrument structure, large space occupation, high manufacturing cost, and the possibility of jamming and other failures when multiple mechanisms work together, affecting the reliability and continuity of detection.

[0005] Solving the problem of unloading by directly driving the door opening and closing through an additional power source (such as an electromagnet or another motor) would increase structural complexity and cost issues, and would require complex control timing to coordinate scanning and unloading actions, posing challenges to system reliability.

[0006] The problem is that the sliding friction between the inclined structure and the driven component, as well as between the driven component and the guide hole, can easily lead to wear after long-term use, resulting in increased clearance and potentially causing impacts and noise, ultimately affecting the accuracy and reliability of the door opening action.

[0007] When the guide rod and the door are rigidly connected, the oblique thrust will cause motion interference and longitudinal constraints under the constraint that the door can only move laterally, resulting in the mechanism getting stuck and unable to smoothly convert longitudinal motion into lateral movement.

[0008] The problem is that the load cell door cannot automatically reset to the closed position after being opened, requiring an additional drive source or manual operation to reset it, which cannot meet the requirements for continuous automated operation of the device.

[0009] The lack of effective guidance when inserting reagent cards into the testing channel may make it difficult to place them accurately; the reagent cards are only supported by the opening and closing of the door during the testing and scanning process, which may lead to wobbling or tilting due to insufficient or uneven support area, affecting the stability of the test.

[0010] The problem is that the door's opening and closing function is limited to carrying and moving, requiring additional parts for limiting its movement from the main body, and the pushing and locking function also requires other independent mechanisms, resulting in a large number of parts and an uncompacted structure.

[0011] The problem is that the guide rod is prone to wear during sliding friction with the inclined structure and the side wall of the through-elongated hole. This not only increases the resistance to movement and the required driving force, but also causes unreliable operation and limited lifespan due to wear gaps after long-term use.

[0012] The lack of effective and compact limiting of the lateral movement range of the guide rod may damage the transmission components due to overload; at the same time, the movement range of the sliding guide block within the longitudinal groove also needs to be limited to prevent it from dislodging or leaving the working position.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an optical detection device for automatically unloading reagent cards, comprising a carrier body, an optical detection component, and a drive mechanism for driving the optical detection component to reciprocate along a guide rail. The carrier body has a longitudinally penetrating detection channel, with an opening at the top and a carrier door that can slide laterally at the bottom. When the carrier door is in the closed position, it and the bottom of the carrier body together form a loading space for supporting the reagent card. The optical detection component is located on one side of the detection channel and is used to scan and detect the reagent card through the opening. A trigger mechanism is also included. The optical detection component or an actuator driven by the drive mechanism has an actuating part. After the optical detection component completes the scanning stroke of the reagent card under the drive mechanism, it continues to move in the original direction, contacting and driving the trigger mechanism through the actuating part, thereby pushing the carrier door to move laterally to the open position, making the loading space longitudinally connected to the detection channel, and the reagent card automatically falls and is unloaded under gravity.

[0014] Preferably, the driving mechanism of the present invention includes a drive motor, a lead screw driven by the drive motor, and a lead screw nut that cooperates with the lead screw; the optical detection component is connected to the lead screw nut through an optical mounting bracket.

[0015] Preferably, the actuating part of the present invention is an inclined structure formed on the optical mounting bracket; the triggering mechanism includes a follower that can be driven by the inclined structure, the follower being kinetically connected to the carrier opening and closing door; when the optical mounting bracket moves to the end of the scanning stroke, the inclined structure contacts and pushes the follower, thereby causing the carrier opening and closing door to slide laterally to the open position.

[0016] Preferably, the inclined surface structure of the present invention is a 45° chamfered surface formed on the side of the optical mounting bracket; the driven member is a guide rod, which is arranged in a vertical or approximately vertical direction, and its lower end abuts or connects with the carrier opening / closing door; the carrier body has a through elongated hole for the guide rod to pass through; when the optical mounting bracket moves to its end, the 45° chamfered surface on it contacts the side of the guide rod, and the longitudinal movement of the optical mounting bracket is converted into a lateral thrust on the guide rod through the inclined surface cooperation, thereby pushing the guide rod and opening the carrier opening / closing door.

[0017] Preferably, the top surface of the carrier switch door of the present invention is provided with a protruding strip or a slide rail, which cooperates with the corresponding groove or slide groove on the carrier body, so that the carrier switch door is constrained to slide only laterally; a longitudinal slide groove is provided on the carrier switch door, the extension direction of which is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the detection channel; a sliding guide block is adapted to be embedded in the longitudinal slide groove and can slide freely along the longitudinal slide groove; the lower end of the guide rod is vertically fixedly connected to the sliding guide block; when the chamfered surface of the optical mounting bracket pushes the guide rod, the lateral force applied by the guide rod is transmitted to the carrier switch door through the sliding guide block, driving it to move laterally; at the same time, the longitudinal component force on the guide rod is released through the sliding of the sliding guide block in the longitudinal slide groove, thereby providing longitudinal freedom of movement and avoiding interference and jamming.

[0018] Preferably, a return spring is provided between the carrier body and the carrier switch door of the present invention, which provides an elastic restoring force to automatically reset the carrier switch door to the closed position after the actuation part is disengaged from the triggering mechanism.

[0019] Preferably, one end of the detection channel of the present invention is open to form an insertion port for inserting a reagent card, and the insertion port is flared open; the inner wall of the detection channel is provided with an inwardly extending horizontal protrusion along its length direction; the top of the carrier switch door is provided with a bearing surface; when the carrier switch door is in the closed position, the bearing surface at its top and the upper surface of the horizontal protrusion remain horizontal, together forming a support plane for supporting the bottom of the reagent card.

[0020] Preferably, the carrier switch door of the present invention is an integrally formed stepped structure with a through hole in the center for the reagent card to fall. One side of the through hole is a high step, the top surface of which forms the bearing surface for supporting the reagent card. The other side of the through hole is a low step. The bottom of the carrier body is provided with a stepped limiting part adapted to the high and low step structure. When the carrier switch door is reset to the closed position, the side of the high or low step abuts against the limiting part to achieve mechanical limiting of the closed position. The top surface of the low step is provided with the protrusion or slide rail, and the height of the protrusion or slide rail is higher than the bearing surface of the high step. When the carrier switch door moves laterally from the open state to the closed state, the protrusion or slide rail above the bearing surface can contact and push the reagent card located on the bearing surface to move laterally until it is aligned with the opening of the detection channel and falls from the aligned channel opening when the carrier switch door is opened.

[0021] Preferably, a first wear-resistant sleeve is rotatably fitted onto the outside of the guide rod where it contacts the chamfered surface of the optical mounting bracket, to convert the sliding friction between the chamfered surface and the guide rod into rolling friction; a second wear-resistant sleeve is also rotatably fitted onto the part of the guide rod corresponding to the through-elongated hole, the outer wall of the second wear-resistant sleeve contacting and engaging with the side wall of the through-elongated hole, to convert the sliding friction between the guide rod and the through-elongated hole into rolling friction.

[0022] Preferably, the longitudinal groove of the present invention is a blind hole or through hole structure opened inside the carrier switch door, and its extension direction is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the detection channel; a limiting groove is also opened at the top of the carrier switch door, which overlaps or is parallel to the longitudinal groove on the vertical projection plane, and its length is less than that of the longitudinal groove; the lower end of the guide rod passes through the limiting groove and the second wear-resistant sleeve in sequence, and is fixedly connected to the sliding guide block located in the longitudinal groove; the groove wall of the limiting groove cooperates with the guide rod body or the outer wall of the second wear-resistant sleeve passing through it to jointly limit the movement range of the guide rod.

[0023] Preferably, the present invention further includes a bottom cover, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the carrier body to support the carrier door from below and restrict its vertical displacement; the bottom cover has a discharge port corresponding to the bottom of the detection channel, and when the carrier door is in the open position, the discharge port communicates with the loading space to form a channel for the reagent card to fall.

[0024] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. By cleverly utilizing the continued movement of the optical components after scanning to trigger the unloading action, the scanning drive and unloading drive are integrated into one, eliminating the need for a separate unloading power source and a complex control unit. This directly simplifies the structure, reduces the number of parts and the overall footprint, and effectively lowers manufacturing costs. Simultaneously, the mechanical linkage triggering method is more reliable than multi-mechanism electrical coordination, reducing jamming failures caused by timing errors or coordination failures, and improving the success rate and continuity of device operation. The gravity unloading method is simple and effective, further ensuring the reliability of the unloading action.

[0025] 2. The mechanical inclined plane mechanism directly converts the longitudinal linear motion of the optical components into the lateral motion of opening and closing the door, eliminating the need for additional motors or electromagnets for the unloading action. This further simplifies the structure and control system, reducing costs and energy consumption. The mechanical transmission method offers high reliability, eliminating issues of electrical component aging or electromagnetic interference, and ensuring a long lifespan. The mechanical structure itself guarantees accurate timing, avoiding complex control logic and improving the overall system robustness. In particular, the use of a 45-degree chamfered inclined plane structure achieves a good balance between longitudinal driving force and lateral output force, resulting in high force transmission efficiency. The guide rod is vertically arranged and contacts the inclined plane through its side, resulting in a simple structure that is easy to manufacture and assemble.

[0026] 3. By incorporating longitudinal grooves and sliding guide blocks on the opening and closing door, a longitudinal degree of freedom is cleverly introduced between the guide rod and the door. This longitudinal degree of freedom completely absorbs the longitudinal component force generated by the inclined plane, thus thoroughly solving the motion interference and jamming problems caused by the strict restriction of the opening and closing door to only lateral movement. It ensures that the lateral force can be effectively transmitted to open the door, while allowing the longitudinal force to be safely released, making the entire transmission process smooth and reliable, and greatly improving the motion stability and service life of the mechanism. The application of the return spring allows the load-bearing opening and closing door to automatically and reliably return to the closed position after unloading and the triggering force disappears, preparing it to receive the reagent card for the next test. This enables the device to achieve continuous and automated operation cycles without manual intervention or other external drives to reset the opening and closing door. Its simple structure, achieving the important automatic reset function with only the addition of a spring component, is extremely low in cost and highly effective, improving the automation level and work efficiency of the equipment.

[0027] 4. The stepped integrated structure design highly integrates multiple functions such as load-bearing, limiting, and pushing into a single component, significantly reducing the number of parts, simplifying assembly processes, and lowering manufacturing costs and management complexity. Mechanical limiting is achieved through the structure itself, ensuring accurate and reliable limiting without the need for additional parts. The pushing function, combined with the door opening and closing movement, further enhances the automation level of the device.

[0028] 5. By installing rotatable wear-resistant sleeves at two key friction pairs, sliding friction is transformed into rolling friction, significantly reducing frictional resistance and wear during operation. The direct benefits include lower load requirements on the drive motor, reduced energy consumption, and a significant extension of the service life of the guide rod and its mating chamfered surfaces and elongated holes. Due to reduced wear, the mechanism maintains precise fit even after long-term use, avoiding problems such as sluggish movement, impacts, or failures caused by increased wear clearances. This improves the long-term reliability of the device and reduces maintenance frequency and costs.

[0029] 6. The matching design of the limiting slot and the longitudinal slide groove provides a compact and precise mechanical limit for the lateral movement range of the guide rod, preventing damage to other components due to excessive lateral displacement of the guide rod caused by overload or unexpected situations, thus protecting the transmission mechanism. At the same time, this limiting structure is integrated inside the door opening and closing mechanism, occupying no extra space and maintaining the compactness of the structure. The clear limiting also ensures the consistency of each door opening action, further improving the reliability and repeatability of the equipment.

[0030] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the optical detection device for automatically unloading reagent cards according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the optical detection device for automatically unloading reagent cards according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-sectional structure of the optical detection device for automatically unloading reagent cards according to this utility model; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the optical detection device for automatically unloading reagent cards as described in this utility model. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the carrier body described in this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the carrier body described in this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the load-bearing device for opening and closing the door according to this utility model.

[0032] The carrier body 1 includes an open opening 101, a through elongated hole 102, an insertion port 103, a detection channel 104, a horizontal raised edge 105, a groove 106, an optical detection component 2, a drive mechanism 3, a drive motor 301, a lead screw 302, a lead screw nut 303, an optical mounting bracket 4, an inclined structure 401, a linear guide rail 5, a guide rail slider 501, a guide rod 6, a first wear-resistant sleeve 601, a second wear-resistant sleeve 602, a reagent card 7, a sensing plate 801, a sensor 802, a carrier switch door 9, a bearing surface 901, a through hole 902, a sliding guide block 903, a return spring 904, a high step 905, a low step 906, a high raised strip 907, a longitudinal slide groove 908, a limiting slot hole 909, a step side 910, a bottom cover 10, and a discharge port 1010. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0034] like Figures 1-7 As shown, a specific embodiment of the optical detection device of the present invention, which can automatically unload reagent cards, is provided. The device includes a carrier body 1, an optical detection component, and a drive mechanism 3 for driving the optical detection component to reciprocate along the guide rail.

[0035] The carrier body 1 is typically made of aluminum alloy or stainless steel, CNC machined or die-cast. It has an internal longitudinally penetrating groove 106 forming a detection channel 104. This channel can have a rectangular cross-section, with a width between 10 mm and 20 mm (e.g., 15 mm) and a height between 5 mm and 10 mm (e.g., 8 mm). The top of the detection channel 104 forms a fully open opening 101 for inserting the reagent card 7 and for optical detection. The bottom of the detection channel 104 has a laterally sliding carrier door 9, which can be made of POM engineering plastic or stainless steel, with a thickness of 3 mm to 5 mm (e.g., 4 mm).

[0036] When the carrier door 9 is in the closed position, it engages with the bottom of the carrier body 1, forming a loading space for supporting the reagent card 7. The height of this loading space can be adapted to the thickness of the reagent card 7, typically 1 mm to 2 mm, such as 1.5 mm. The optical detection assembly 2 is located on one side of the detection channel 104 and can be mounted on the carrier body 1 via a bracket. Its optical path window faces the opening 101 of the detection channel 104, used for scanning and detecting the reaction area of ​​the reagent card 7. The optical detection assembly 2 can be an existing integrated photoelectric sensor module, which internally includes an LED light source and a photodetector.

[0037] The device also includes a triggering mechanism, which consists of an actuator and a follower. The actuator is mounted on the execution component driven by the drive mechanism 3, and may specifically be a part of the optical mounting bracket 4. After the optical detection assembly 2 completes the scanning stroke of the reagent card 7 under the drive mechanism 3, it continues to move in the original direction. At this time, the actuator contacts and drives the follower of the triggering mechanism, thereby pushing the carrier switch door 9 to move laterally to the open position. The lateral movement distance of the carrier switch door 9 can be set to 5 mm to 8 mm, such as 6 mm. This movement is sufficient to allow the loading space to be completely longitudinally connected with the detection channel 104. At this time, the reagent card 7 loses its support and automatically falls downwards under the action of gravity to complete the unloading. The drive mechanism 3 can be a stepper motor or a servo motor, which, together with a lead screw and nut pair, achieves precise linear motion control.

[0038] The device operates as follows: Initially, the carrier door 9 is closed, forming a complete reagent card 7 carrier platform. When the reagent card 7 is pushed in through the opening 101 or insertion port 103 of the detection channel 104 by the external pushing mechanism, it remains in the loading space. The drive mechanism 3 activates, moving the optical detection assembly 2 along the guide rail to scan the reagent card 7. After scanning, the optical detection assembly 2 continues forward, and the actuator moves accordingly, contacting the trigger mechanism. The trigger mechanism converts the longitudinal motion into a lateral thrust, pushing the carrier door 9 open. The reagent card 7 then falls out, completing the automatic unloading. Finally, the drive mechanism 3 reverses, returning the optical detection assembly 2 to its initial position, while the carrier door 9 automatically closes under the action of the reset mechanism, preparing for the next detection.

[0039] Compared to the closest existing technology, the main difference in this embodiment is that it combines the scanning drive and unloading drive into one, achieving both functions through the same drive mechanism 3. Existing technologies typically require separate electric or pneumatic mechanisms specifically for pushing and unloading the reagent card 7, resulting in complex structures and high failure rates. This embodiment uses a mechanical linkage to trigger the unloading action using the remaining stroke of the scanning motion, simplifying the structure and improving reliability. This design makes the device more compact, reducing the number of moving parts and lowering manufacturing costs and maintenance requirements. The technical effects achieved by this embodiment include: simplified structure, reducing the number of parts and space occupied; improved reliability, avoiding potential failures caused by the coordinated operation of multiple mechanisms; reduced costs, reducing the use of the drive motor 301 and related control components; maintained detection accuracy, as the optical scanning process is unaffected by the unloading mechanism; and a smoother workflow for the entire device, ensuring detection efficiency.

[0040] Furthermore, in another embodiment, the drive mechanism 3 includes a drive motor 301, which can be a hybrid stepper motor or a DC servo motor. For example, the rated voltage can be 24V or 48V, and the holding torque can be selected in the range of 0.2N•m to 0.5N•m, such as 0.35N•m. The motor output shaft can be directly connected to or connected to a lead screw 302 via a coupling. The lead screw 302 can be a precision ball screw with a diameter of 8 mm or 10 mm, such as 8 mm, and the lead can be 2 mm or 4 mm, such as 2 mm. Both ends of the lead screw 302 are supported by angular contact ball bearings or deep groove ball bearings, and the bearings can be installed in bearing seats on the carrier body 1. In addition, a sensor 802 can be provided near the drive motor 301, and a sensing plate 801 is mounted on the optical component mounting bracket. Used in combination with the sensor, it can sense the initial position of the optical detection component 2.

[0041] The lead screw nut 303 forms a precision fit with the lead screw 302. It can be made of copper-based alloy or engineering plastic and can have embedded recirculating balls. The lead screw nut 303 has mounting lugs on its outer side and is fixedly connected to the optical mounting bracket 4 by screws. The optical mounting bracket 4 can be made of aluminum alloy with a thickness of 5 mm to 8 mm, such as 6 mm. The optical detection assembly 2 is mounted on the upper surface of the optical mounting bracket 4 by screws. Its mounting position is adjustable to ensure that the detection optical path is aligned with the center of the detection channel 104.

[0042] The drive motor 301 is mounted on the end of the carrier body 1 via a motor bracket, with the motor shaft height level with the mounting surface of the guide rail 5. One end of the lead screw 302 is then connected to the motor shaft via a coupling, while the other end is supported in a bearing housing. The lead screw nut 303 is pre-installed at the bottom of the optical mounting bracket 4. After the entire assembly is fitted onto the lead screw 302, the optical mounting bracket 4 is fixedly connected to the guide rail slider 501 on the guide rail 5. Finally, the motor position is adjusted to ensure that the lead screw 302 is parallel to the guide rail 5.

[0043] The working process of the drive mechanism 3 is as follows: After receiving the control signal, the drive motor 301 rotates, driving the lead screw 302 to rotate. The lead screw nut 303 converts the rotational motion into linear motion, pushing the optical mounting bracket 4 to slide along the guide rail 5. The optical detection component 2 moves together with the bracket to achieve scanning and detection of the reagent card 7. The lead screw drive has high positioning accuracy, which can meet the accuracy requirements of optical detection. Compared with the technology of using belt drive or gear and rack drive, the lead screw nut drive in this embodiment has higher positioning accuracy and smoother movement. The lead screw drive does not have the elastic deformation problem of belt drive, nor the backlash problem of gear drive, making it particularly suitable for optical detection applications that require precise positioning. At the same time, the lead screw drive has a compact structure, occupies little space, and is conducive to the miniaturization of the device.

[0044] Furthermore, in another embodiment, the actuating part is a beveled structure 401 formed on the optical mounting bracket 4. This beveled structure 401 can be directly machined onto the side of the optical mounting bracket 4 using milling or grinding processes. The inclination angle of the beveled structure 401 can be selected within the range of 30° to 60°, such as 45°. The beveled surface can be hardened or have a wear-resistant material sheet adhered to it to improve its service life.

[0045] The triggering mechanism includes a driven member that is actuated by the inclined structure 401. This driven member can be a guide rod 6, which can be a stainless steel shaft with a diameter of 4 mm or 5 mm. For example, if the diameter is 4 mm, the surface is ground to make it smooth. The lower end of the guide rod 6 forms a transmission connection with the carrier switch door 9. The connection method can be direct contact or indirect connection through a connecting block. When using the contact method, the lower end of the guide rod 6 can be machined into a spherical shape to fit into a corresponding recess on the switch door.

[0046] When the optical mounting bracket 4 moves to the end of its scanning stroke, its inclined structure 401 contacts the guide rod 6. A lubrication device, such as an oil-impregnated bearing or a grease inlet, can be provided at the contact point. When the inclined structure 401 pushes the guide rod 6, it converts the longitudinal movement into a lateral thrust, the magnitude of which can be adjusted by the angle of the inclined surface. The lateral movement distance of the guide rod 6 can be controlled by a limiting device, typically within the range of 3 mm to 6 mm, such as 4 mm.

[0047] The assembly process of this mechanism is as follows: First, install the guide rod 6 into the guide hole of the carrier body 1, ensuring smooth sliding. Then, adjust the installation position of the optical mounting bracket 4 so that the inclined structure 401 maintains an appropriate distance from the guide rod 6. Finally, check the fit of the contact surfaces during movement to ensure there is no jamming.

[0048] Compared to technologies that directly drive door opening and closing using electromagnets or cylinders, this embodiment achieves motion conversion through a mechanical inclined plane mechanism, eliminating the need for an additional power source and control system. The mechanical transmission boasts high reliability, generates no electromagnetic interference, and has a long service life. Furthermore, the inclined plane mechanism possesses self-locking characteristics, maintaining positional stability even in the event of a power outage. The technical advantages achieved by this embodiment include reliable transmission, low mechanical structure failure rate, reduced energy consumption and cost due to the absence of an additional power source, smooth motion conversion without impact noise, simple structure, low manufacturing and maintenance costs, and long service life suitable for continuous long-term operation.

[0049] Furthermore, in another embodiment, the bevel structure 401 is a 45° chamfered surface formed on the side of the optical mounting bracket 4. This chamfered surface can be machined using a milling machine to improve smoothness. The angle of the chamfered surface can be selected in the range of 40° to 50°, such as 45°. The chamfered surface can also undergo surface treatment, such as chrome plating or nitriding, to improve wear resistance.

[0050] The driven component is a guide rod 6, which is made of stainless steel with a diameter of 4 mm. The guide rod 6 is arranged vertically. The lower end of the guide rod 6 is connected to the carrier switch door 9 by ball contact or flat contact, and the contact surface can be inlaid with a copper-based alloy wear-resistant plate. The through-hole 102 on the carrier body 1 can be 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm wider than the diameter of the guide rod, such as 0.2 mm, and 20 mm to 30 mm in length, such as 25 mm. In the illustration, the through-hole 102 can be set as an obtuse angle structure of about 135°, including a longitudinal section and an inclined section, providing lateral and longitudinal movement space for the guide rod 6. The length of the longitudinal section can account for 5% to 30% of the total length, such as 10%, and the angle between the inclined section and the longitudinal section can be set between 130° and 140°, such as 135°. The elongated hole can also adopt an arc section design, and the radius of the arc can be set to 15 mm to 25 mm, such as 20 mm. The central angle of the arc segment can be set between 120 and 150 degrees, such as 135°. The arc segment and the longitudinal segment are connected tangentially to ensure a smooth transition without abrupt changes. The ends of the elongated holes can be machined with a radius of 1 mm to 2 mm, such as 1.5 mm, to avoid stress concentration.

[0051] When the optical mounting bracket 4 moves to its end, its 45° chamfered surface contacts the side of the guide rod 6. Preferably, the contact point can be coated with molybdenum disulfide grease or fitted with a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant gasket. Through the beveled engagement, the longitudinal movement of the optical mounting bracket 4 is converted into a lateral thrust on the guide rod 6. The lateral travel of the guide rod 6 can be controlled within the range of 4 mm to 6 mm, such as 5 mm, by a limiting device (such as the through-hole at the top).

[0052] The assembly process of this mechanism is as follows: First, insert the guide rod 6 into the through-hole 102 of the carrier body 1, ensuring smooth sliding. Then, adjust the installation height of the optical mounting bracket 4 so that the contact position between the chamfered surface and the guide rod 6 is located in the middle of the rod body. Finally, check the fit clearance of the contact surfaces to ensure good contact throughout the entire movement. After assembly, a reciprocating motion test is required to verify the reliability of the motion conversion.

[0053] Compared to structural technologies that use cam mechanisms or linkage mechanisms for motion conversion, this embodiment employs a direct contact method between the inclined plane and the guide rod, resulting in a simpler and more compact structure. The inclined plane mechanism has a mature manufacturing process, low cost, and a clear motion relationship, eliminating the dead point problem inherent in linkage mechanisms. The 45° inclination angle of the inclined plane achieves a good balance between longitudinal and lateral thrust. The technical advantages achieved by this embodiment include high motion conversion efficiency and direct and reliable force transmission. It also features a simple structure, fewer parts, and reduced manufacturing costs. Furthermore, it results in low wear, long service life, and low maintenance requirements. High motion precision ensures accurate door opening and closing. Finally, it offers good adaptability, accommodating different installation space requirements.

[0054] Furthermore, in another embodiment, the top surface of the carrier switch door 9 is provided with a protruding strip, which can be made of POM engineering plastic or metal material and manufactured by injection molding or milling. The protruding strip forms a sliding fit with the corresponding groove on the carrier body 1. Preferably, the fit clearance can be controlled between 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm.

[0055] The longitudinal groove 908 on the load-bearing switch door 9 can be machined using a milling machine. The groove width can be 0.05 mm to 0.1 mm larger than the sliding guide block 903, such as 0.08 mm, and the groove depth can be 5 mm to 8 mm, such as 6 mm. The sliding guide block 903 can be made of stainless steel or alloy material, and its dimensions can form a sliding fit with the groove. The mating surfaces can be polished. The lower end of the guide rod 6 is fixed to the sliding guide block 903 by threaded connection or interference fit, and an anti-loosening washer can be installed at the connection.

[0056] When the chamfered surface of the optical mounting bracket 4 pushes the guide rod 6, the lateral force applied by the guide rod 6 is transmitted to the carrier switch door 9 through the sliding guide block 903. The magnitude of the lateral force can be measured by a force gauge, and in one example, it is typically in the range of 5N to 15N, such as 10N. Simultaneously, the longitudinal component of the force on the guide rod 6 is released by the sliding of the sliding guide block 903 within the longitudinal groove 908. The longitudinal sliding distance can be set in the range of 1 mm to 10 mm, such as 2 mm. Optionally, a compression spring 904 can be installed between the sliding guide block 903 and the bottom surface of the groove, with a spring stiffness selectable from 5N / mm to 10N / mm, such as 8N / mm.

[0057] The assembly process of this mechanism is as follows. First, the sliding guide block 903 is installed into the longitudinal groove 908, and the smoothness of the sliding is checked. Then, the guide rod 6 is fixedly connected to the sliding guide block 903 perpendicularly or nearly perpendicularly. Finally, the carrier switch door 9 is installed onto the carrier body 1, and the fit clearance between the protrusion and the groove is adjusted. After assembly, a motion test is required to verify whether the lateral movement is smooth and the longitudinal sliding is flexible.

[0058] Compared to structures using rigid connections, this embodiment provides longitudinal freedom of movement for the guide rod 6 through the cooperation of the sliding guide block 903 and the longitudinal groove 908. This design effectively solves the motion interference problem between oblique force and unidirectional sliding constraint, preventing the mechanism from jamming. It also maintains efficient force transmission, ensuring reliable door opening and closing. The technical effects achieved by this embodiment include smooth movement, avoiding jamming caused by improper force decomposition; long service life, reducing wear between parts; high reliability, adaptable to different working conditions; simple maintenance, requiring only periodic cleaning of the groove and addition of lubricant; and controllable manufacturing costs, achievable using conventional machining processes.

[0059] Furthermore, in another embodiment, one end of the detection channel 104 is open to form an insertion port 103 for inserting the reagent card 7. This insertion port 103 is flared, and the flaring angle can be selected within the range of 120 to 150 degrees, such as 135 degrees. The length of the flared section can be set to 8 to 12 millimeters, such as 10 millimeters, and the inlet width can be 3 to 5 millimeters larger than the width of the main body of the detection channel 104, such as 4 millimeters. The flared surface can be polished to reduce insertion resistance.

[0060] The inner wall of the detection channel 104 has an inwardly extending horizontal protrusion 105 along its length. This horizontal protrusion 105 can be integrally formed with the carrier body 1, or it can be manufactured separately and assembled later. The thickness of the horizontal protrusion 105 can be 1 mm to 1.5 mm, such as 1.2 mm, and the protrusion height can be set to 0.8 mm to 5 mm, such as 1.0 mm. The upper surface of the horizontal protrusion 105 needs to be finely machined to improve flatness. The spacing between the two horizontal protrusions 105 can be adapted to the width of the reagent card 7, typically 12 mm to 16 mm, such as 14 mm, and can be set according to the actual size of the reagent card, and is not limited to the above size example.

[0061] The top of the carrier switch door 9 is provided with a bearing surface 901, which can be made of stainless steel sheet or engineering plastic, and the surface flatness can be controlled within 0.1 mm. When the carrier switch door 9 is in the closed position, its top bearing surface 901 is level with the upper surface of the horizontal flange 105, and the height difference can be controlled within 0.05 mm. The bearing surface 901 and the horizontal flange 105 together form a support for the bottom of the reagent card 7, ensuring that the reagent card 7 is placed stably. In the illustration, the bearing surface 901 and the horizontal flange 105 support the left and right sides of the bottom of the reagent card 7, respectively. When the carrier switch door 9 moves laterally, the reagent card 7 detaches from the bearing surface 901, and the reagent card 7 falls downward due to lack of support.

[0062] The assembly process of this structure is as follows. First, install the carrier switch door 9 and adjust its height so that the bearing surface 901 is flush with the upper surface of the horizontal flange 105. Finally, use a feeler gauge to check the flatness of the support plane and make adjustments if necessary. After assembly, the placement stability of the reagent card 7 needs to be tested to ensure that there is no shaking or tilting.

[0063] Compared to a structure using an integral tray, this embodiment employs a separate support structure. The horizontal protrusion 105 and the opening / closing door bearing surface 901 together form a support plane, supporting the two bottom sides of the reagent card 7 respectively. This design ensures stable bearing of the reagent card 7 while providing the necessary space for the opening and closing of the door. The flared insertion port 103 design makes it easier to insert the reagent card 7, reducing operational difficulty. The technical effects achieved by this embodiment include: good guidance, ensuring smooth and unobstructed insertion of the reagent card 7; stable support, ensuring that the reagent card 7 will not move during the testing process; reasonable structure, balancing bearing capacity and movement requirements; easy manufacturing, allowing for the use of conventional machining processes; long service life and good wear resistance; and simple maintenance, with easy cleaning of all surfaces.

[0064] Furthermore, in another embodiment, the center of the carrier switch door 9 is provided with a through hole 902 for the reagent card 7 to fall into. The size of the through hole 902 can be set to 12 mm × 8 mm to 15 mm × 10 mm, such as 13 mm × 9 mm. One side of the through hole 902 is a high step, and the step height difference can be set to 1 mm to 3 mm, such as 1.2 mm. The top surface of the high step forms a bearing surface 901 for supporting the reagent card 7. This surface can be polished so that the surface roughness can reach Ra0.8.

[0065] The other side of the through hole 902 is a low step, and the top surface of the low step is provided with a high protrusion 907. The height of the high protrusion 907 can be 0.5 mm to 2 mm higher than the bearing surface 901 of the high step, such as 0.8 mm. The width of the high protrusion can be set to 3 mm to 8 mm, such as 3.5 mm. The actual dimensions are based on the ability to push the reagent card and are not limited to the above dimensions. The interior of the carrier body 1 is provided with a stepped limiting part adapted to the high and low step structure.

[0066] When the carrier door 9 returns to the closed position, one side 910 of the high step abuts against the limiting part, forming a mechanical limit. When the carrier door 9 moves laterally from the closed state to the open state, the protrusion above the bearing surface 901 can contact and push the reagent card 7 to move laterally away from the horizontal protrusion, thus allowing the reagent card 7 to fall horizontally and reducing tilting during the fall. The pushing force can be measured by a force gauge and set according to actual needs. In one example, it is usually in the range of 2N to 5N, such as 3N. The distance by which the high protrusion pushes the reagent card 7 laterally can be set from 1 mm to 6 mm, such as 5 mm, until the reagent card 7 detaches from the horizontal protrusion 105 and falls downward into the detection channel 104, the through hole 902, and the lower discharge port, achieving automatic falling.

[0067] The assembly process of this structure is as follows. First, the stepped structure of the carrier's opening and closing door 9 is machined to ensure dimensional accuracy. Then, it is assembled onto the carrier body 1, and the fitting clearance of the limiting part is adjusted. Finally, the card-pushing function is tested to ensure that the reagent card 7 can be pushed smoothly without jamming. After assembly, multiple card-pushing tests are required to verify the reliability and repeatability of the movement.

[0068] Compared to a planar door structure, this embodiment employs a stepped structure to achieve multiple functions. The higher step provides a bearing surface 901, while the lower step features a raised push bar for the pusher, resulting in a compact structure with clearly defined functions. A mechanical limiting device ensures accurate door opening and closing positions, preventing cumulative errors. The overall design simplifies the structure and improves reliability. The technical advantages achieved by this embodiment include functional integration, with a single component performing multiple functions; accurate positioning, with mechanical limiting ensuring high repeatability; reliable pusher, with optimized raised bar height; compact structure, saving installation space; long service life, with wear-resistant design reducing wear; and easy maintenance, allowing for direct replacement of the entire door in case of damage.

[0069] Furthermore, in another embodiment, a first wear-resistant sleeve 601 is rotatably fitted onto the outer side of the guide rod 6, which contacts the chamfered surface of the optical mounting bracket 4. This sleeve can be made of copper-based alloy or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). In one example, the wall thickness can be selected in the range of 0.5 mm to 1 mm, such as 0.8 mm. Preferably, the clearance between the inner diameter of the first wear-resistant sleeve 601 and the guide rod 6 can be controlled between 0.02 mm and 0.05 mm, such as 0.03 mm, and the outer diameter can be 1 mm to 2 mm larger than the diameter of the guide rod, such as 1.5 mm. The sleeve surface can be machined with oil lines or oil-containing holes to store lubricating grease.

[0070] A second wear-resistant sleeve 602 is rotatably fitted onto the rod body portion corresponding to the through-elongated hole 102. This sleeve can be made of oil-impregnated bearing or engineering plastic bearing. In one example, its length can be set to 10 mm to 15 mm, such as 12 mm. Preferably, the clearance between the outer diameter of the second wear-resistant sleeve 602 and the through-elongated hole 102 can be controlled between 0.05 mm and 0.1 mm, such as 0.08 mm. The inner surface of the sleeve can be filled with lubricating material, and the outer surface can be oxidized to improve wear resistance.

[0071] The ends of the first wear-resistant sleeve 601 and the second wear-resistant sleeve 602 can be provided with retaining ring grooves to install elastic retaining rings to prevent axial movement. The surface roughness of the mating surfaces of the sleeves and the guide rod 6 can be controlled within Ra0.4 to ensure flexible rotation. During operation, the first wear-resistant sleeve 601 significantly reduces the coefficient of friction with the chamfered surface, and the second wear-resistant sleeve 602 significantly reduces the coefficient of friction with the elongated hole wall, significantly improving the expected service life of the sleeves.

[0072] The assembly process of this structure is as follows. First, press the first wear-resistant sleeve 601 and the second wear-resistant sleeve 602 into their respective positions on the guide rod 6, ensuring they can rotate freely. Then, insert the assembled guide rod 6 into the through-hole 102 and check the fit between the second wear-resistant sleeve 602 and the hole wall. Finally, adjust the relative position of the first wear-resistant sleeve 601 and the chamfered surface to ensure good contact. After assembly, an operational test can be performed to verify the frictional resistance and wear.

[0073] Compared to structures that directly utilize intermetallic sliding friction, this embodiment transforms sliding friction into rolling friction by incorporating a rotatable wear-resistant sleeve. This design significantly reduces the coefficient of friction, minimizing wear and power loss. Furthermore, as the wear-resistant sleeve is a consumable part, only the sleeve needs replacement after wear, eliminating the need to replace major components and reducing maintenance costs. The technical advantages achieved by this embodiment include: low frictional resistance, reducing the load requirements on the drive motor 301; minimal wear, extending the service life of the mechanism; low maintenance costs, requiring only periodic replacement of the wear-resistant sleeve; smooth movement, reducing vibration and noise; high reliability, preventing mechanism jamming due to wear; and good adaptability, suitable for various working environments and load conditions.

[0074] Furthermore, in another embodiment, the longitudinal groove 908 is a blind hole structure formed inside the carrier switch door 9, which can be formed by milling or EDM, machined from the side of the carrier switch door 9 inward, facilitating the assembly and disassembly of the sliding guide block 903. In one example, the groove width can be set to 5 mm to 6 mm, such as 5.5 mm, and the groove depth can be 8 mm to 10 mm, such as 9 mm. Preferably, an oil hole can be machined at the bottom of the groove for adding grease, and the diameter of the oil hole can be set to 1 mm to 1.5 mm. The inner surface of the groove can be polished, and the surface roughness can reach Ra0.8.

[0075] The top of the carrier switch door 9 has a limiting slot 909, which can be formed by wire cutting. The width of this slot can be 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm larger than the diameter of the guide rod 6, such as 0.2 mm, and the length can be set to 6 mm to 8 mm, such as 7 mm. The limiting slot 909 completely overlaps with the longitudinal slide groove 908 on the vertical projection plane. Preferably, the centerline deviation between the two can be controlled within 0.05 mm. The groove wall of the limiting slot 909 can be hardened to a hardness of HRC45 or higher.

[0076] The lower end of the guide rod 6 passes sequentially through the limiting slot 909 and the second wear-resistant sleeve 602, and is then fixed to the sliding guide block 903 by a threaded connection. Preferably, an anti-loosening nut can be installed at the connection, and the torque can be controlled within the range of 0.5 N•m to 1 N•m, such as 0.8 N•m. Preferably, the fitting clearance between the outer diameter of the second wear-resistant sleeve 602 and the limiting slot 909 can be controlled between 0.05 mm and 0.1 mm, such as 0.08 mm. The fitting clearance between the groove wall of the limiting slot 909 and the outer wall of the second wear-resistant sleeve 602 can limit the movement range of the guide rod 6.

[0077] The assembly process of this structure is as follows. First, the sliding guide block 903 is installed into the longitudinal groove 908 to check if the sliding is smooth. Then, the second wear-resistant sleeve 602 is pressed onto the guide rod 6 to ensure flexible rotation. Next, the guide rod 6 is passed through the limiting slot 909 and connected and fixed to the sliding guide block 903. Finally, the positions of each component are adjusted to ensure no interference during movement. After assembly, a high-speed movement test is required to verify whether the limiting function is normal.

[0078] Compared to structures with additional externally mounted limit blocks, this embodiment integrates the limiting function within the door opening and closing mechanism, resulting in a more compact structure. The mating design of the limiting slot 909 and the longitudinal slide groove 908 ensures both the longitudinal freedom of movement of the guide rod 6 and limits its lateral movement range. This integrated design reduces the number of parts and improves the reliability of the mechanism. The technical effects achievable by this embodiment include accurate limiting, ensuring that the guide rod 6 moves within a predetermined range; compact structure, saving installation space; extremely high reliability, with the integrated design reducing potential failure points; convenient maintenance, requiring only replacement of relevant parts after wear; long service life, with wear-resistant design reducing wear; and smooth movement, with the limiting device preventing impact and vibration.

[0079] Furthermore, in another embodiment, the bottom cover 10 can be made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy sheet with a thickness of 1.5 mm to 5 mm, stamped out, such as 2 mm thick. The bottom cover 10 is fixedly installed to the bottom of the carrier body 1 by 4 to 6 M3 or M4 screws. The bottom cover 10 smoothly supports the carrier door 9 on the ground and does not obstruct the lateral sliding of the door.

[0080] A support boss can be machined on the upper surface of the bottom cover 10. For example, the height of the boss can be set from 0.5 mm to 5 mm, such as 0.8 mm, to smoothly support the opening and closing of the carrier door 9 from below. Locating pin holes can be provided on the edge of the bottom cover 10 to engage with locating pins on the carrier body 1.

[0081] The size of the discharge port 1010 on the bottom cover 10 can be 1 mm to 2 mm larger than the cross-section of the detection channel 104, such as 1.5 mm. Preferably, the edge of the discharge port 1010 can be machined with a guide chamfer of 1 mm to 2 mm, such as 1.5 mm, and the chamfer angle can be set to 45 degrees to ensure that the reagent card 7 can be dropped smoothly. The surface of the discharge port 1010 can be polished to improve its smoothness.

[0082] The assembly process of this structure is as follows: First, align the bottom cover 10 with the installation position of the carrier body 1 and insert the positioning pin for initial positioning. Then, install the fixing screws and tighten them gradually in a diagonal sequence. Finally, test the opening and closing movement to confirm that there is no interference. This embodiment adopts a detachable bottom cover structure, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement. The dimensions of the discharge port 1010 have been optimized to ensure the smooth drop of the reagent card 7 while maintaining the strength of the structure. The design of the support boss ensures the stability of the opening and closing movement while reducing the friction area. The technical effects achieved by this embodiment include stable support, ensuring smooth and reliable opening and closing movement; smooth drop, with the dimensions of the discharge port 1010 optimized; convenient maintenance, with a detachable structure for easy cleaning and replacement; robust structure, capable of withstanding wear from long-term use; precise installation, with positioning pins ensuring assembly accuracy; and long service life, with wear-resistant materials reducing maintenance requirements.

[0083] Although the embodiments of this utility model have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be applied to various fields suitable for this utility model. Other modifications can be easily made by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An optical detection device capable of automatically unloading reagent cards, comprising a carrier body, an optical detection assembly, and a drive mechanism for driving the optical detection assembly to reciprocate along a guide rail, characterized in that: The main body of the carrier is provided with a longitudinally penetrating detection channel, the top of which is open and the bottom is provided with a carrier opening and closing door that can slide laterally; When the carrier door is in the closed position, it and the bottom of the carrier body together form a loading space for supporting the reagent card; the optical detection component is located on one side of the detection channel and is used to scan and detect the reagent card through the opening; It also includes a triggering mechanism, and the optical detection component or the execution component driven by the drive mechanism is provided with an actuator. After the optical detection component completes the scanning stroke of the reagent card under the drive mechanism, it continues to move in the original direction. The actuator contacts and drives the triggering mechanism, thereby pushing the carrier door to move laterally to the open position, so that the loading space and the detection channel are longitudinally connected, and the reagent card automatically falls and is unloaded under the action of gravity.

2. The optical detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a lead screw driven by the drive motor, and a lead screw nut that cooperates with the lead screw; the optical detection component is connected to the lead screw nut via an optical mounting bracket.

3. The optical detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The actuating part is an inclined structure formed on the optical mounting bracket; the triggering mechanism includes a follower that can be driven by the inclined structure, and the follower is connected to the carrier opening and closing door; when the optical mounting bracket moves to the end of the scanning stroke, the inclined structure contacts and pushes the follower, thereby driving the carrier opening and closing door to slide laterally to the open position.

4. The optical detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inclined structure is a 45° chamfered surface formed on the side of the optical mounting bracket; the driven member is a guide rod, which is arranged in a vertical or approximately vertical direction, and its lower end abuts or connects with the carrier's opening and closing door; the carrier body has a through elongated hole for the guide rod to pass through; when the optical mounting bracket moves to its end, the 45° chamfered surface on it contacts the side of the guide rod, and the longitudinal movement of the optical mounting bracket is converted into a lateral thrust on the guide rod through the inclined surface cooperation, thereby pushing the guide rod and opening the carrier's opening and closing door.

5. The optical detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top surface of the carrier opening and closing door is provided with a protruding strip or slide rail, which cooperates with the corresponding groove or slide groove on the carrier body, so that the carrier opening and closing door is constrained to slide only laterally; The carrier switch door is provided with a longitudinal slide groove, the extension direction of which is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the detection channel; the sliding guide block is adapted to be embedded in the longitudinal slide groove and can slide freely along the longitudinal slide groove; the lower end of the guide rod is vertically fixedly connected to the sliding guide block. When the chamfered surface of the optical mounting bracket pushes the guide rod, the lateral force applied by the guide rod is transmitted to the carrier opening and closing door through the sliding guide block, driving it to move laterally; at the same time, the longitudinal component of the force on the guide rod is released through the sliding of the sliding guide block in the longitudinal groove, thereby providing longitudinal freedom of movement.

6. The optical detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A return spring is provided between the carrier body and the carrier switch door, which provides an elastic restoring force to automatically reset the carrier switch door to the closed position after the actuation part is disengaged from the trigger mechanism.

7. The optical detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, One end of the detection channel is open to form an insertion port for inserting a reagent card, and the insertion port is flared open; The inner wall of the detection channel is provided with an inwardly extending horizontal protrusion along its length; the top of the carrier switch door is provided with a bearing surface; when the carrier switch door is in the closed position, the bearing surface at its top and the upper surface of the horizontal protrusion remain horizontal, jointly supporting the bottom of the reagent card.

8. The optical detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The carrier's opening and closing door is an integrally formed stepped structure with a through hole in the center for the reagent card to fall through; one side of the through hole is a high step, the top surface of which forms the bearing surface for supporting the reagent card; the other side of the through hole is a low step. The bottom of the carrier body is provided with a stepped limiting part adapted to the high and low step structure. When the carrier door is reset to the closed position, the side of the high or low step abuts against the limiting part to achieve mechanical limiting of the closed position. The top surface of the lower step is provided with a raised strip or a slide rail, and the height of the raised strip or slide rail is higher than the bearing surface of the higher step; when the carrier switch door moves laterally from the open state to the closed state, the raised strip or slide rail above the bearing surface can contact and push the reagent card located on the bearing surface to move laterally together until it is aligned with the opening of the detection channel, and falls from the aligned channel opening when the carrier switch door is opened.

9. The optical detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A first wear-resistant sleeve is rotatably fitted onto the outside of the guide rod where it contacts the chamfered surface of the optical mounting bracket, in order to convert the sliding friction between the chamfered surface and the guide rod into rolling friction. The guide rod and the rod body corresponding to the through elongated hole are also rotatably fitted with a second wear-resistant sleeve. The outer wall of the second wear-resistant sleeve contacts and engages with the side wall of the through elongated hole to convert the sliding friction between the guide rod and the through elongated hole into rolling friction.

10. The optical detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The longitudinal groove is a blind hole or through hole structure opened inside the switch door of the carrier, and its extension direction is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the detection channel. The top of the carrier switch door is also provided with a limiting slot hole, which overlaps or is parallel to the longitudinal slide groove on the vertical projection plane, and its length is less than that of the longitudinal slide groove. After the lower end of the guide rod passes through the limiting slot and the second wear-resistant sleeve in sequence, it is fixedly connected to the sliding guide block located in the longitudinal groove; the groove wall of the limiting slot cooperates with the guide rod body or the outer wall of the second wear-resistant sleeve passing through it to jointly limit the movement range of the guide rod.

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