Hydrogen energy type fuel cell

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrogen energy type fuel cell, its first bipolar plate, second bipolar plate all include: anode plate, cathode plate and be located anode plate, cathode plate between air cooling board, anode plate with air cooling board opposite surface is equipped with a plurality of first groove, and the first ridge is separated through between adjacent first groove, cathode plate with air cooling board opposite surface is equipped with a plurality of second groove, and the second ridge is separated through between adjacent second groove, the depth of first groove is less than the depth of second groove, and the bottom surface of first groove is in first groove width direction one convex arc surface, the depth of the area of first groove in close proximity to two side walls all is greater than the depth of corresponding middle area between two side walls of first groove. The utility model discloses hydrogen energy type fuel cell improves the contact area with hydrogen, improves the reaction efficiency, and also avoids the water film formation in the first groove on anode plate under the long time high -strength working condition of fuel cell, keeps the stability of reaction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing use of traditional energy sources such as fossil fuels, people are seeking new energy technologies to replace them in order to reduce environmental pollution and harm to organisms. Hydrogen fuel cells are electrochemical power generation devices that convert chemical energy into electrical energy. A single cell consists of plates, membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), and corresponding sealing components. Hydrogen gas flows through channels in the plates and undergoes an oxidation reaction on one side of the MEA, while a reduction reaction occurs on the other side. This entire process creates an electron flow in the external circuit, thereby generating electricity. The entire process is pollution-free, emission-free, and the only byproduct is water, making it a clean energy conversion device. Therefore, it has received attention and importance from various countries and has become a research hotspot, currently widely used. However, the reaction efficiency and stability of existing hydrogen fuel cells need further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell that not only increases the contact area with hydrogen and improves the reaction efficiency, but also prevents the formation of a water film in the first groove on the anode plate under long-term high-intensity operation, thus maintaining the stability of the reaction efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising a first bipolar plate, a proton exchange membrane, and a second bipolar plate stacked sequentially, wherein the first bipolar plate and the second bipolar plate each include: an anode plate, a cathode plate, and an air cooling plate located between the anode plate and the cathode plate, characterized in that: each of the anode plate and the cathode plate has a hydrogen inlet and a reaction air inlet at one end, and a hydrogen outlet and a reaction air outlet at the other end; the air cooling plate has a cooling air inlet on one side and a cooling air outlet on the other side. The anode plate has a plurality of first grooves on the surface opposite to the air cooling plate, and adjacent first grooves are separated by first ridges. The cathode plate has a plurality of second grooves on the surface opposite to the air cooling plate, and adjacent second grooves are separated by second ridges. The depth of the first trench is less than the depth of the second trench. The bottom surface of the first trench is a convex arc surface in the width direction of the first trench. The depth of the region near the two sidewalls in the first trench is greater than the depth of the corresponding middle region located between the two sidewalls of the first trench.

[0005] The following are further improvements to the above technical solution: 1. In the above scheme, the depth of the region of the first trench near one sidewall is equal to the depth of the corresponding region near the other sidewall.

[0006] 2. In the above scheme, the edge area of ​​the cathode plate of the first bipolar plate is sealed to one surface of the proton exchange membrane through a first sealing ring, and the edge area of ​​the anode plate of the second bipolar plate is sealed to the other surface of the proton exchange membrane through a second sealing ring.

[0007] 3. In the above scheme, the first trench and the second trench extend along the respective length directions of the anode plate and the cathode plate.

[0008] 4. In the above scheme, the width of the first trench is greater than the depth of the first trench.

[0009] 5. In the above scheme, the width of the second trench is greater than the depth of the second trench.

[0010] Due to the application of the above technical solution, this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art: This utility model relates to a hydrogen fuel cell, in which the anode plate and the air cooling plate opposite each other are provided with a plurality of first grooves. Adjacent first grooves are separated by first ridges. The depth of the first groove is less than the depth of the second groove. The bottom surface of the first groove is a convex arc surface in the width direction of the first groove. The depth of the area near the two sidewalls in the first groove is greater than the depth of the corresponding middle area between the two sidewalls of the first groove. This not only increases the contact area with hydrogen and improves the reaction efficiency, but also prevents the formation of a water film in the first groove on the anode plate under the long-term high-intensity operation of the fuel cell, thus maintaining the stability of the reaction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Appendix Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell of this utility model; Appendix Figure 2 For the appendix Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the local structure at point A in the middle; Appendix Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the bipolar plate assembly of the hydrogen fuel cell of this utility model; Appendix Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the bipolar plate assembly of the hydrogen fuel cell of this utility model. Appendix Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air cooling plate of this utility model; Appendix Figure 6 This is a left cross-sectional view of the anode plate of this utility model; Appendix Figure 7 For the appendix Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the local structure at point B.

[0012] In the above attached figures: 1. Anode plate; 2. Cathode plate; 3. Air cooling plate; 41. Hydrogen inlet; 42. Hydrogen outlet; 51. Reacting air inlet; 52. Reacting air outlet; 61. Cooling air inlet; 62. Cooling air outlet; 71. First groove; 72. First ridge; 81. Second groove; 82. Second ridge; 9. First bipolar plate; 10. Proton exchange membrane; 11. Second bipolar plate; 12. First sealing ring; 13. Second sealing ring; 14. Convex arc surface. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The present patent can be further understood through the specific embodiments given below, but they are not intended to limit the present patent.

[0014] Example 1: A hydrogen fuel cell includes a first bipolar plate 9, a proton exchange membrane 10, and a second bipolar plate 11 stacked sequentially. Both the first bipolar plate 9 and the second bipolar plate 11 include an anode plate 1, a cathode plate 2, and an air cooling plate 3 located between the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2. The anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 each have a hydrogen inlet 41 and a reaction air inlet 51 at one end, and a hydrogen outlet 42 and a reaction air outlet 52 at the other end. The air cooling plate 3 has a cooling air inlet 61 on one side and a cooling air outlet 62 on the other side. The surface of the anode plate 1 opposite to the air cooling plate 3 is provided with a plurality of first grooves 71, and adjacent first grooves 71 are separated by first ridges 72. The cathode plate 2 and the air cooling plate 3 opposite to each other are provided with a plurality of second grooves 81, and adjacent second grooves 81 are separated by second ridges 82. The depth of the first groove 71 is less than the depth of the second groove 81. The bottom surface of the first groove 71 is a convex arc surface 14 in the width direction of the first groove 71. The depth of the region near the two sidewalls in the first groove 71 is greater than the depth of the corresponding middle region located between the two sidewalls of the first groove 71. The depth of the region of the first groove 71 near one sidewall is equal to the depth of the corresponding region near the other sidewall.

[0015] The edge region of the cathode plate 2 of the first bipolar plate 9 is sealed to one surface of the proton exchange membrane 10 through the first sealing ring 12, and the edge region of the anode plate 1 of the second bipolar plate 11 is sealed to the other surface of the proton exchange membrane 10 through the second sealing ring 13.

[0016] The first groove 71 and the second groove 81 extend along the length directions of the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2, respectively.

[0017] Example 2: A hydrogen fuel cell includes a first bipolar plate 9, a proton exchange membrane 10, and a second bipolar plate 11 stacked sequentially. Both the first bipolar plate 9 and the second bipolar plate 11 include an anode plate 1, a cathode plate 2, and an air cooling plate 3 located between the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2. The anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 each have a hydrogen inlet 41 and a reaction air inlet 51 at one end, and a hydrogen outlet 42 and a reaction air outlet 52 at the other end. The air cooling plate 3 has a cooling air inlet 61 on one side and a cooling air outlet 62 on the other side. The surface of the anode plate 1 opposite to the air cooling plate 3 is provided with a plurality of first grooves 71, and adjacent first grooves 71 are separated by first ridges 72. The cathode plate 2 and the air cooling plate 3 opposite to each other are provided with a plurality of second grooves 81, and adjacent second grooves 81 are separated by second ridges 82. The depth of the first groove 71 is less than the depth of the second groove 81. The bottom surface of the first groove 71 is a convex arc surface 14 in the width direction of the first groove 71. The depth of the region near the two sidewalls in the first groove 71 is greater than the depth of the corresponding middle region located between the two sidewalls of the first groove 71. The edge region of the cathode plate 2 of the first bipolar plate 9 is sealed to one surface of the proton exchange membrane 10 through the first sealing ring 12, and the edge region of the anode plate 1 of the second bipolar plate 11 is sealed to the other surface of the proton exchange membrane 10 through the second sealing ring 13.

[0018] The width of the first groove 71 is greater than the depth of the first groove 71.

[0019] The width of the second groove 81 is greater than the depth of the second groove 81.

[0020] When using the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell, the surface of the anode plate 1 facing away from the air cooling plate 3 is provided with a plurality of first grooves 71. Adjacent first grooves 71 are separated by first ridges 72. The depth of the first groove 71 is less than the depth of the second groove 81. The bottom surface of the first groove 71 is a convex arc surface 14 in the width direction of the first groove 71. The depth of the area near the two sidewalls in the first groove 71 is greater than the depth of the corresponding middle area between the two sidewalls of the first groove 71. This not only increases the contact area with hydrogen and improves the reaction efficiency, but also prevents the formation of a water film in the first groove on the anode plate under the long-term high-intensity operation of the fuel cell, thus maintaining the stability of the reaction efficiency.

[0021] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell, comprising a first bipolar plate (9), a proton exchange membrane (10), and a second bipolar plate (11) stacked sequentially, wherein both the first bipolar plate (9) and the second bipolar plate (11) comprise: An anode plate (1), a cathode plate (2), and an air cooling plate (3) located between the anode plate (1) and the cathode plate (2) are characterized in that: each of the anode plate (1) and the cathode plate (2) has a hydrogen inlet (41) and a reaction air inlet (51) at one end, and a hydrogen outlet (42) and a reaction air outlet (52) at the other end; the air cooling plate (3) has a cooling air inlet (61) on one side and a cooling air outlet (62) on the other side. The anode plate (1) has a plurality of first grooves (71) on the surface opposite to the air cooling plate (3), and adjacent first grooves (71) are separated by first ridges (72); The cathode plate (2) has a plurality of second grooves (81) on the surface opposite to the air cooling plate (3), and adjacent second grooves (81) are separated by second ridges (82); The depth of the first groove (71) is less than the depth of the second groove (81). The bottom surface of the first groove (71) is a convex arc surface (14) in the width direction of the first groove (71). The depth of the area near the two sidewalls in the first groove (71) is greater than the depth of the corresponding middle area between the two sidewalls of the first groove (71).

2. The fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the region of the first trench (71) near one sidewall is equal to the depth of the corresponding region near the other sidewall.

3. The fuel cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The edge region of the cathode plate (2) of the first bipolar plate (9) is sealed to one surface of the proton exchange membrane (10) through the first sealing ring (12), and the edge region of the anode plate (1) of the second bipolar plate (11) is sealed to the other surface of the proton exchange membrane (10) through the second sealing ring (13).

4. The hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first groove (71) and the second groove (81) extend along the length directions of the anode plate (1) and the cathode plate (2), respectively.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the first groove (71) is greater than the depth of the first groove (71).

6. The hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the second groove (81) is greater than the depth of the second groove (81).

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