Battery box and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of battery box and battery pack, the battery box includes box and protection structure. Among them, the bottom of the box is provided with cooling plate;The protection structure includes foamed metal layer, the foamed metal layer is at least used to install in the bottom of the cooling plate, and the surface and / or inside of the foamed metal layer has multiple micropores.The battery box and battery pack of the utility model improve the technical problem that the protection plate of battery pack is easily deformed by external force impact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a battery box and battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, a combination of steel plate and foam is generally used to protect the bottom of the battery pack. However, this combination is not reliable and has problems such as heavy weight, large deformation and insufficient rigidity. The bottom of the battery pack is prone to deformation after being hit by external force, which can damage the liquid cooling plate. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention provides a battery box and battery pack, which can improve the technical problem that the protective plate of the battery pack is prone to deformation under external impact.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a battery box, comprising:

[0005] The housing has a cooling plate at its bottom.

[0006] A protective structure includes a foamed metal layer, which is at least used to be installed on the bottom of the cooling plate, and the surface and / or interior of the foamed metal layer have a plurality of micropores; this configuration enables the foamed metal layer with the micropores to improve the deformation resistance of the protective structure, while reducing the weight of the battery pack and improving the battery pack's range.

[0007] In some embodiments, the protective structure further includes a first protective plate disposed on a first side of the foamed metal layer near the cooling plate; this arrangement prevents the cooling plate from being scratched and seals the micropores, thereby improving the battery pack's range and enhancing protection for the cooling plate to a certain extent; and / or,

[0008] The protective structure also includes a second protective plate, which is disposed on the second side of the foamed metal layer opposite to the first side. This arrangement allows the second protective plate to work together with the first protective plate to provide all-round protection for the battery pack, prevent impurities from entering the interior of the housing, and improve the reliability of the battery pack.

[0009] In some embodiments, the protective structure further includes a first adhesive layer bonded between the foamed metal layer and the first protective plate; this arrangement ensures that the first protective plate is tightly fitted to the foamed metal layer, preventing relative displacement between the first protective plate and the foamed metal, and enhancing the protection of the battery cell and the cooling plate; and / or,

[0010] The protective structure further includes a second adhesive layer, which is bonded between the foamed metal layer and the second protective plate. This arrangement allows the second protective plate to be tightly fitted to the foamed metal layer, preventing relative displacement between the second protective plate and the foamed metal, and enhancing the protection of the battery cell and the cooling plate.

[0011] In some embodiments, the thickness D of the foamed metal layer and the thickness L1 of the first protective plate satisfy the relationship: 0.01 ≤ D / L1 ≤ 200; and / or,

[0012] The thickness D of the foamed metal layer and the thickness S1 of the first adhesive layer satisfy the following relationship: 0.02 ≤ D / S1 ≤ 200; and / or,

[0013] The thickness L1 of the first protective plate and the thickness S1 of the first adhesive layer satisfy the following relationship: 0.02 ≤ L1 / S1 ≤ 100; and / or,

[0014] The thickness D of the foamed metal layer and the thickness L2 of the second protective plate satisfy the following relationship: 0.01 ≤ D / L2 ≤ 200; and / or,

[0015] The thickness D of the foamed metal layer and the thickness S2 of the second adhesive layer satisfy the following relationship: 0.02 ≤ D / S2 ≤ 200; and / or,

[0016] The thickness L2 of the second protective plate and the thickness S2 of the second adhesive layer satisfy the relationship: 0.02≤L2 / S2≤100. This setting ensures that the foamed metal layer, the first protective plate, the second protective plate, the first adhesive layer, and the second adhesive layer have a reasonable thickness ratio, ensuring that the foamed metal layer, the first protective plate, the second protective plate, the first adhesive layer, and the second adhesive layer can work together to improve buffering, connection, and protection capabilities.

[0017] In some embodiments, the thickness D of the foamed metal layer satisfies the relationship: 0.1mm ≤ D ≤ 20mm; and / or,

[0018] The thickness L1 of the first protective plate satisfies the following relationship: 0.1mm ≤ L1 ≤ 10mm; and / or,

[0019] The thickness S1 of the first adhesive layer satisfies the following relationship: 0.1mm ≤ S1 ≤ 5mm; and / or,

[0020] The thickness L2 of the second protective plate satisfies the following relationship: 0.1mm ≤ L2 ≤ 10mm; and / or,

[0021] The thickness S2 of the second adhesive layer satisfies the relationship: 0.1mm≤S2≤5mm; this setting ensures that the foamed metal layer, the first protective plate, the second protective plate, the first adhesive layer, and the second adhesive layer all have specific thickness ranges, which can protect against different impacts and ensure the structural stability and function of the battery pack.

[0022] In some embodiments, the foamed metal layer includes at least one of a foamed aluminum layer, a foamed nickel layer, a foamed copper layer, and a foamed magnesium layer; this configuration allows for multiple selections of the foamed metal layer to meet different performance requirements of the battery pack, such as lightweighting, heat dissipation, and corrosion resistance; and / or,

[0023] The first protective plate includes at least one of an aluminum plate, an aluminum alloy plate, a magnesium alloy plate, and a titanium alloy plate; and / or,

[0024] The second protective plate includes at least one of aluminum plate, aluminum alloy plate, magnesium alloy plate and titanium alloy plate, so that both the first protective plate and the second protective plate have multiple material options, which can be adapted to different protection scenarios and provide different levels of protection for the battery pack.

[0025] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a buffer layer disposed at the bottom of the pack body and between the protective structure and the cooling plate; this arrangement enables the buffer layer to absorb impact energy, buffer vibration, protect the internal components of the battery pack, and enhance the structural stability of the battery pack.

[0026] In some embodiments, a protrusion is provided on the side of the cooling plate near the buffer layer, and a groove adapted to the protrusion is provided on the side of the buffer layer near the cooling plate. This arrangement allows the protrusion to engage with the groove, thereby achieving precise positioning of the buffer layer and the cooling plate, preventing relative displacement between the buffer layer and the cooling plate, and enhancing the buffering performance of the buffer layer.

[0027] In some embodiments, the protective structure, the cooling plate, and the buffer layer are all fixed to the bottom of the housing by at least one of welding, bonding, snap-fitting, and screwing. This configuration provides multiple options for fixing the protective structure, the cooling plate, and the buffer layer to the housing, thereby adapting to different scenarios, ensuring the installation and maintenance of the battery pack, and improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0028] Secondly, embodiments of this utility model provide a battery pack, which includes battery cells and a battery case. The battery case is the aforementioned battery case, and the battery cells are located inside the battery case. This arrangement allows the battery case with the protective structure to provide better protection for the battery cells and the cooling plate, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery pack.

[0029] In this invention, a protective structure is installed at the bottom of the cooling plate. When the battery pack is impacted by external forces, the protective structure effectively protects the cooling plate, preventing damage to the battery cells inside the casing and the cooling plate at the bottom of the casing. During this process, the foamed metal layer of the protective structure has multiple micropores, giving it a mechanical advantage that resists deformation. When the protective structure is impacted, the walls of the micropores bend and deform, diffusing the external force on the foamed metal layer to its surroundings. This disperses the originally concentrated external force over a larger area, reducing the impact on the foamed metal layer and making the protective structure less prone to deformation under external forces, thus providing better protection for the battery pack.

[0030] In other words, compared with the combination structure of steel plate and foam in related technologies, the protective structure of this application adopts a foamed metal layer with multiple micropores, which can effectively improve the deformation resistance of the protective structure and make the protective structure less prone to deformation under external force. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention from a first-person perspective;

[0034] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention from a second perspective;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the protective structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 4Enlarged view of section A;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the protective structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention from a third-person perspective;

[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of section B;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the foamed metal layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the foamed metal layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention from a third-person perspective.

[0041] 100. Battery box; 10. Box body; 11. Cooling plate; 113. Protrusion; 12. Cavity; 20. Protective structure; 21. Foamed metal layer; 211. Micropore; 212. First side; 213. Second side; 22. First protective plate; 23. Second protective plate; 24. First adhesive layer; 25. Second adhesive layer; 30. Buffer layer; 301. Groove; 40. Cover; 200. Battery pack; 210. Battery cell; 220. Pressure relief valve; 230. Safety device. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. In the present utility model, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower positions of the device in actual use or operation, specifically the drawing directions in the accompanying drawings; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device.

[0043] As mentioned in the background section, in related technologies, a combination structure of steel plate and foam is generally used to protect the bottom of the battery pack. However, this combination structure is unreliable, with problems such as heavy weight, large deformation, and insufficient rigidity. The bottom of the battery pack is prone to deformation after being subjected to external impact, which can damage the liquid cooling plate.

[0044] To address the problems existing in the relevant technologies, see [link / reference]. Figures 1 to 5 , Figure 8 as well as Figure 9As shown, this application provides a battery pack 200, which includes a battery cell 210 and a battery case 100. The battery cell 210 is located inside the battery case 100, and the battery case 100 includes a case body 10 and a protective structure 20. A cooling plate 11 is provided at the bottom of the case body 10. The protective structure 20 includes a foamed metal layer 21, which is at least used to be installed at the bottom of the cooling plate 11, and the surface and / or interior of the foamed metal layer 21 have a plurality of micropores 211.

[0045] In this application, the protective structure 20 is installed at the bottom of the cooling plate 11. When the battery pack 200 is impacted by an external force, the protective structure 20 can effectively protect the cooling plate 11, thereby preventing damage to the battery cells 210 inside the housing 10 and the cooling plate 11 at the bottom of the housing 10. During this process, because the foamed metal layer 21 of the protective structure 20 has multiple micropores 211, it possesses a mechanical advantage that resists deformation. When the protective structure 20 is impacted by an external force, the walls of the micropores 211 bend and deform, thereby diffusing the external force on the foamed metal layer 21 to its surroundings. This disperses the originally relatively concentrated external force over a larger area, reducing the impact of the external force on the foamed metal layer 21. Consequently, the protective structure 20 is less prone to deformation under external forces, providing better protection for the battery pack 200.

[0046] In other words, compared with the combination structure of steel plate and foam in related technologies, the protective structure 20 of this application adopts a foamed metal layer 21 with multiple micropores 211, which can effectively improve the deformation resistance of the protective structure 20, making the protective structure 20 less prone to deformation under the action of external force.

[0047] It is understood that in this application, the surface and / or interior of the foamed metal layer 21 have multiple micropores 211. This means that multiple micropores 211 can be provided only on the surface of the foamed metal layer 21, or only inside the foamed metal layer 21, or simultaneously on both the surface and interior of the foamed metal layer 21. In other words, the location of the micropores 211 can be reasonably adjusted according to actual conditions and needs, and this application does not impose specific limitations. Furthermore, this embodiment shows the case where multiple micropores 211 are provided on both the surface and interior of the foamed metal layer 21. In addition, compared to pure metal of the same volume, the presence of multiple micropores 211 on the foamed metal layer 21 effectively reduces the density of the foamed metal layer 21, thereby reducing the weight of the protective structure 20. The weight reduction of the protective structure 20 indirectly increases the battery pack 200's range. Therefore, the protective structure 20 composed of a foamed metal layer 21 in this application can effectively improve the battery pack 200's range.

[0048] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, the protective structure 20 also includes a first protective plate 22, which is disposed on the first side 212 of the foamed metal layer 21 near the cooling plate 11.

[0049] Specifically, the first protective plate 22 is disposed on the first side 212 of the foamed metal layer 21 near the cooling plate 11. Thus, when the protective structure 20 comes into contact with the cooling plate 11, the first protective plate 22 will be the first to contact the cooling plate 11. Compared to the surface of the foamed metal layer 21, the surface of the first protective plate 22 is relatively flat, preventing the cooling plate 11 from being scratched by the foamed metal layer 21. If the first side 212 of the foamed metal layer 21 is not provided with the first protective plate 22, and instead the first side 212 of the foamed metal layer 21 is in direct contact with the cooling plate 11, the first side 212 of the foamed metal layer 21 may not be very flat, as burrs or other sharp structures may appear at the openings of the micropores 211. If the first side 212, which has sharp structures such as burrs, directly contacts the cooling plate 11, it can easily damage the cooling plate 11 and prevent it from working properly. Therefore, this application provides a first protective plate 22 on the first side 212 of the foamed metal layer 21. Furthermore, the first protective plate 22 also seals the first side 212 of the foamed metal layer 21, preventing solid impurities from entering the interior of the foamed metal layer 21 through the micropores 211 of the first side 212, thus preventing the foamed metal layer 21 from becoming heavier. Increased weight of the foamed metal layer 21 indirectly leads to a decrease in the battery pack 200's range. Therefore, the first protective plate 22 not only protects the foamed metal layer 21 but also improves the battery pack 200's range to some extent.

[0050] Optionally, the protective structure 20 further includes a second protective plate 23, which is disposed on the second side 213 of the foamed metal layer 21 opposite to the first side 212.

[0051] Specifically, the second protective plate 23 is disposed on the second side 213 of the foamed metal layer 21, cooperating with the first protective plate 22 to provide all-round impact protection for the foamed metal layer 21 and its internal components. In actual operation, the second side 213 of the foamed metal layer 21 is closer to the outside of the battery pack 200 than the first side 212. If the second protective plate 23 is not disposed on the second side 213 of the foamed metal layer 21, the second side 213 of the foamed metal layer 21 will be in direct contact with the external space. At this time, external solid impurities can easily enter the interior of the foamed metal layer 21 through the micropores 211 on the second side 213. The entry of solid impurities into the interior of the foamed metal layer 21 will increase the weight of the foamed metal layer 21, which will lead to a decrease in the range of the battery pack 200. The second protective plate 23 can effectively prevent solid impurities from entering the interior of the foamed metal layer 21, thereby improving the range of the battery pack 200 and increasing its reliability to a certain extent.

[0052] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, the protective structure 20 also includes a first adhesive layer 24, which is bonded between the foamed metal layer 21 and the first protective plate 22.

[0053] Specifically, the first adhesive layer 24 is bonded between the foamed metal layer 21 and the first protective plate 22, ensuring a tight fit between them and forming a stable overall structure. For example, when the battery pack 200 is subjected to external forces such as vibration or impact, the first adhesive layer 24 effectively prevents relative displacement between the foamed metal layer 21 and the first protective plate 22, ensuring that the protective structure 20 can continuously and stably perform its protective function, protecting the cooling plate 11 and the battery cell 210 inside the battery box 100. Furthermore, the first adhesive layer 24 fills the tiny gaps between the foamed metal layer 21 and the first protective plate 22, making the protective structure 20 more continuous in its protective function. This helps prevent external impacts or foreign objects from intruding through the gaps and damaging the cooling plate 11 and the battery cell 210. In the actual manufacturing process, before bonding the foamed metal layer 21 to the first protective plate 22, the first side 212 of the foamed metal layer 21 needs to be polished. This is because the openings of the micropores 211 on the first side 212 may have sharp structures such as burrs. If the first side 212 of the foamed metal layer 21 is not polished, the bonding performance of the first adhesive layer 24 will be affected. At the same time, sharp structures such as burrs may also penetrate the first adhesive layer 24 and directly contact the first protective plate 22, causing damage to the first protective plate 22. Therefore, the first side 212 of the foamed metal layer 21 needs to be polished before bonding the foamed metal layer 21 to the first protective plate 22.

[0054] Optionally, the protective structure 20 further includes a second adhesive layer 25, which is bonded between the foamed metal layer 21 and the second protective plate 23.

[0055] Specifically, the second adhesive layer 25 is bonded between the foamed metal layer 21 and the second protective plate 23, ensuring a tight fit between them and forming a stable overall structure. For example, when the battery pack 200 is subjected to external forces such as vibration or impact, the second adhesive layer 25 effectively prevents relative displacement between the foamed metal layer 21 and the second protective plate 23, ensuring that the protective structure 20 can continuously and stably perform its protective function, protecting the cooling plate 11 and the battery cell 210 inside the battery box 100. Furthermore, the second adhesive layer 25 fills the tiny gaps between the foamed metal layer 21 and the second protective plate 23, making the protective structure 20 more continuous in its protective function. This helps prevent external impacts or foreign objects from intruding through the gaps and damaging the cooling plate 11 and the battery cell 210. In the actual manufacturing process, before bonding the foamed metal layer 21 and the second protective plate 23, the second side 213 of the foamed metal layer 21 needs to be polished. This is because the openings of the micropores 211 on the second side 213 may have sharp structures such as burrs. If the second side 213 of the foamed metal layer 21 is not polished, it will affect the bonding performance of the second adhesive layer 25. At the same time, sharp structures such as burrs may also penetrate the second adhesive layer 25 and directly contact the second protective plate 23, causing damage to the second protective plate 23. Therefore, the second side 213 of the foamed metal layer 21 needs to be polished before bonding the foamed metal layer 21 and the second protective plate 23.

[0056] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7As shown, the thickness D of the foamed metal layer 21 and the thickness L1 of the first protective plate 22 satisfy the relationship: 0.01≤D / L1≤200. Specifically, when the thickness D of the foamed metal layer 21 and the thickness L1 of the first protective plate 22 satisfy 0.01≤D / L1≤200, the foamed metal layer 21 has a suitable thickness ratio relative to the first protective plate 22, which can fully utilize the buffering characteristics of the foamed metal layer 21. Compared with the first protective plate 22, the thicker foamed metal layer 21 can absorb more impact energy. For example, when the battery pack 200 is impacted, it can effectively buffer the impact force, reduce the impact on the first protective plate 22 and the internal components of the battery box 100, and ensure the safety of the battery cell 210 and the cooling plate 11. At the same time, the thickness L1 of the first protective plate 22 is matched with the thickness D of the foamed metal layer 21 to ensure the overall strength of the protective structure 20. Furthermore, this design also prevents the first protective plate 22 from being too thin, thus making it less prone to deformation and breakage when subjected to external forces. Together with the foamed metal layer 21, it resists impacts and prevents external objects from penetrating, thereby enhancing the protective capability of the protective structure 20 for the battery pack 200.

[0057] Optionally, the thickness D of the foamed metal layer 21 and the thickness S1 of the first adhesive layer 24 satisfy the relationship: 0.02≤D / S1≤200. Specifically, when the thickness D of the foamed metal layer 21 and the thickness S1 of the first adhesive layer 24 satisfy 0.02≤D / S1≤200, the thicknesses of the foamed metal layer 21 and the first adhesive layer 24 are matched, ensuring a stable connection between them. For example, when the battery pack 200 is subjected to vibration or impact, the first adhesive layer 24 has sufficient thickness to provide adhesive force, firmly connecting the foamed metal layer 21 to the first protective plate 22, preventing the failure of the firm connection between the foamed metal layer 21 and the first protective plate 22 due to the first adhesive layer 24 being too thin, thereby maintaining the overall stability of the protective structure 20.

[0058] Optionally, the thickness L1 of the first protective plate 22 and the thickness S1 of the first adhesive layer 24 satisfy the relationship: 0.02≤L1 / S1≤100. Specifically, when the thickness L1 of the first protective plate 22 and the thickness S1 of the first adhesive layer 24 satisfy 0.02≤L1 / S1≤100, the thickness ratio of the first protective plate 22 to the first adhesive layer 24 is appropriate, ensuring a reliable connection between them. The first adhesive layer 24 has sufficient thickness to provide adequate adhesive force, firmly bonding the first protective plate 22 to the foamed metal layer 21. For example, when the battery pack 200 is subjected to external forces such as vibration or impact, the first adhesive layer 24 can effectively and tightly bond the first protective plate 22 to the foamed metal layer 21, thereby preventing the first protective plate 22 from separating from the foamed metal layer 21, ensuring the integrity and stability of the protective structure 20, and thus protecting the battery cell 210 and the cooling plate 11.

[0059] Optionally, the thickness D of the foamed metal layer 21 and the thickness L2 of the second protective plate 23 satisfy the relationship: 0.01≤D / L2≤200. Specifically, when the thickness D of the foamed metal layer 21 and the thickness L2 of the second protective plate 23 satisfy 0.01≤D / L2≤200, the thickness ratio of the foamed metal layer 21 to the second protective plate 23 ensures that they can effectively cooperate to cope with external impacts. The foamed metal layer 21, with its special structure (i.e., a structure with multiple micropores 211) and appropriate thickness, can absorb a large amount of energy when impacted, such as buffering the impact force when the battery pack 200 encounters a collision. The second protective plate 23 further resists impacts on the outside, preventing external objects from directly damaging the foamed metal layer 21 and ensuring the safety of the internal battery cell 210 and cooling plate 11.

[0060] Optionally, the thickness D of the foamed metal layer 21 and the thickness S2 of the second adhesive layer 25 satisfy the relationship: 0.02 ≤ D / S2 ≤ 200. Specifically, when the thickness D of the foamed metal layer 21 and the thickness S2 of the second adhesive layer 25 satisfy 0.02 ≤ D / S2 ≤ 200, the thickness ratio of the foamed metal layer 21 to the second adhesive layer 25 ensures sufficient connection strength between them. The second adhesive layer 25, with its appropriate thickness, provides sufficient adhesive force to firmly bond the foamed metal layer 21 to the second protective plate 23. For example, when the battery pack 200 is subjected to external forces such as vibration and impact during operation, the second adhesive layer 25 can effectively maintain the connection between the foamed metal layer 21 and the second protective plate 23, preventing separation and ensuring the integrity of the protective structure 20, thereby protecting the internal battery cell 210 and cooling plate 11.

[0061] Optionally, the thickness L2 of the first protective plate 22 and the thickness S2 of the first adhesive layer 24 satisfy the relationship: 0.02≤L2 / S2≤100. Specifically, when the thickness L2 of the first protective plate 22 and the thickness S2 of the first adhesive layer 24 satisfy 0.02≤L2 / S2≤100, the thickness ratio of the first protective plate 22 to the first adhesive layer 24 is appropriate, ensuring that the first adhesive layer 24 provides reliable adhesive force for the first protective plate 22. When the battery pack 200 is subjected to various external forces, such as bumps and vibrations during transportation or accidental impacts that may occur during use, the first adhesive layer 24, with its appropriate thickness, can generate sufficient adhesive force to firmly attach the first protective plate 22 to the foamed metal layer 21, preventing the first protective plate 22 from falling off the foamed metal layer 21, ensuring the integrity of the protective structure 20, and thus effectively protecting the battery cell 210 and the cooling plate 11.

[0062] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7As shown, the thickness D of the foamed metal layer 21 satisfies the relationship: 0.1mm ≤ D ≤ 20mm. Specifically, when the thickness D of the foamed metal layer 21 satisfies 0.1mm ≤ D ≤ 20mm, the foamed metal layer 21 can play a good buffering role when the battery pack 200 is subjected to impact. A thicker foamed metal layer 21 (i.e., close to 20mm) can absorb a large amount of energy through deformation of its internal microporous structure when subjected to a large collision impact, buffering the impact force like a sponge, reducing the direct impact of external forces on the cooling plate 11, and ensuring the safety of the internal components of the battery pack 200. A thinner foamed metal layer 21 (i.e., close to 0.1mm) can also play a certain buffering role for some smaller vibrations or minor impacts, preventing damage to components caused by the accumulation of minor impacts.

[0063] Optionally, the thickness L1 of the first protective plate 22 satisfies the relationship: 0.1mm ≤ L1 ≤ 10mm. Specifically, when the thickness L1 of the first protective plate 22 satisfies 0.1mm ≤ L1 ≤ 10mm, the first protective plate 22 can resist external impacts to varying degrees. When the thickness L1 of the first protective plate 22 is relatively thick (i.e., close to 10mm), for larger impacts, the first protective plate 22 can, due to its high strength, firstly bear and disperse the impact force, reducing the force transmitted to the foamed metal layer 21, cooling plate 11, and battery cell 210, thus ensuring the safety of the internal components of the battery pack 200. When the thickness L1 of the first protective plate 22 is relatively thin (i.e., close to 0.1mm), although the first protective plate 22 has limited resistance to large impacts, it can still provide some protection against minor vibrations and slight collisions, preventing these small impacts from causing cumulative damage to the internal components.

[0064] Optionally, the thickness S1 of the first adhesive layer 24 satisfies the relationship: 0.1mm ≤ S1 ≤ 5mm. Specifically, when the thickness S1 of the first adhesive layer 24 satisfies 0.1mm ≤ S1 ≤ 5mm, it ensures a firm bond between the first protective plate 22 and the foamed metal layer 21. A thicker first adhesive layer 24 (i.e., close to 5mm) provides stronger adhesive force, ensuring that the first protective plate 22 and the foamed metal layer 21 are tightly connected when the battery pack 200 is subjected to strong vibration or large impact, and will not separate due to external force, maintaining the integrity of the protective structure 20, thereby protecting the battery cell 210 and the cooling plate 11 from damage that may be caused by component separation. When the first adhesive layer 24 is thinner (i.e., close to 0.1mm), although the adhesive force of the first adhesive layer 24 is relatively weak, it can still maintain the connection between the first protective plate 22 and the foamed metal layer 21 under normal vibration and small external force, ensuring the normal operation of the protective structure 20.

[0065] Optionally, the thickness L2 of the second protective plate 23 satisfies the relationship: 0.1mm ≤ L2 ≤ 10mm. Specifically, when the thickness L2 of the second protective plate 23 satisfies 0.1mm ≤ L2 ≤ 10mm, it can effectively resist external impacts of varying degrees. When the thickness L2 of the second protective plate 23 is relatively thick (i.e., close to 10mm), for larger impacts such as collisions and compressions, the second protective plate 23 can, due to its high strength, first absorb and disperse the impact force, reducing the impact on structures such as the battery cell 210 and the cooling plate 11, and ensuring the safety of the internal components of the battery pack 200. When the thickness L2 of the second protective plate 23 is relatively thin (i.e., close to 0.1mm), although the second protective plate 23 has limited resistance to large impacts, it can still provide a certain degree of protection against minor vibrations and slight impacts, preventing these small external forces from causing cumulative damage to the internal components of the battery pack 200.

[0066] Optionally, the thickness S2 of the second adhesive layer 25 satisfies the relationship: 0.1mm ≤ S2 ≤ 5mm. Specifically, when the thickness S2 of the second adhesive layer 25 satisfies 0.1mm ≤ S2 ≤ 5mm, a reliable connection can be ensured between the second protective plate 23 and the foamed metal layer 21. When the thickness S2 is thicker (i.e., close to 5mm), the second adhesive layer 25 can provide strong adhesive force. When the battery pack 200 faces complex external forces, such as severe vibration or large impact, the second adhesive layer 25 can effectively maintain the tight adhesion between the second protective plate 23 and the foamed metal layer 21, preventing the second protective plate 23 and the foamed metal layer 21 from separating due to external forces, thereby ensuring the integrity of the protective structure 20 and providing stable protection for the cell 210 and the cooling plate 11. When the thickness S2 of the second adhesive layer 25 is relatively thin (i.e. close to 0.1 mm), although the adhesive force of the second adhesive layer 25 is relatively weak, it is still sufficient to maintain the connection between the second protective plate 23 and the foamed metal layer 21 for the general vibration and small external force that the battery pack 200 is subjected to during normal use, thus ensuring that the protective structure 20 functions properly.

[0067] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7As shown, the foamed metal layer 21 includes at least one of a foamed aluminum layer, a foamed nickel layer, a foamed copper layer, and a foamed magnesium layer. Specifically, the foamed metal layer 21 includes at least one of a foamed aluminum layer, a foamed nickel layer, a foamed copper layer, and a foamed magnesium layer, thus meeting the different performance requirements of the battery pack 200. For example, the low density of the foamed aluminum layer enables the battery pack 200 to be lightweight, making it suitable for weight-sensitive applications, such as battery packs for electric vehicles, where weight reduction helps to improve driving range. The foamed copper layer has good thermal conductivity and can efficiently conduct heat, quickly transferring the heat generated by the cell 210 in battery packs with high heat dissipation requirements, maintaining the cell 210 at a suitable operating temperature. At the same time, the foamed metal layers of different materials have different protective properties. The foamed nickel layer has strong corrosion resistance and can protect the internal components of the battery pack 200 in harsh environments, such as battery packs used in humid or corrosive gas environments. The foamed magnesium layer has excellent energy absorption properties. Upon impact, it effectively absorbs energy, enhancing the battery pack 200's ability to withstand external impacts and protecting the battery cell 210 and cooling plate 11 from damage. In other words, the specific composition of the foamed metal layer 21 can be reasonably adjusted according to actual conditions and needs, and this application does not impose specific limitations. Furthermore, this embodiment shows the foamed metal layer 21 as a foamed aluminum layer.

[0068] Optionally, the first protective plate 22 includes at least one of an aluminum plate, an aluminum alloy plate, a magnesium alloy plate, and a titanium alloy plate. Specifically, the first protective plate 22 includes at least one of an aluminum plate, an aluminum alloy plate, a magnesium alloy plate, and a titanium alloy plate to meet different protection requirements. The aluminum plate is relatively soft and has a certain degree of ductility. When subjected to minor impacts, it can absorb energy through its own deformation, protecting the internal foamed metal layer 21, the cooling plate 11, and the battery cell 210. The aluminum alloy plate has high strength and can resist external forces with its high strength against larger collisions and compressions, reducing the impact of external forces on the internal components of the battery pack 200. The magnesium alloy plate is lightweight and has good energy absorption characteristics. While reducing the overall weight of the battery pack 200, it can effectively absorb impact energy and enhance the protection of the internal components of the battery pack 200. The titanium alloy plate has extremely high strength and corrosion resistance, providing reliable protection for the battery pack 200 in harsh environments or when facing high-intensity impacts. In other words, in this application, the specific composition of the first protective plate 22 can be reasonably adjusted according to actual conditions and needs, and this application does not impose specific limitations. Meanwhile, this embodiment shows the case where the first protective plate 22 is an aluminum plate.

[0069] Optionally, the second protective plate 23 includes at least one of an aluminum plate, an aluminum alloy plate, a magnesium alloy plate, and a titanium alloy plate. Specifically, the second protective plate 23 includes at least one of an aluminum plate, an aluminum alloy plate, a magnesium alloy plate, and a titanium alloy plate to meet different protection requirements. The aluminum plate is relatively soft and has a certain degree of ductility. When subjected to minor impacts, it can absorb energy through its own deformation, protecting the internal foamed metal layer 21, the cooling plate 11, and the battery cell 210. The aluminum alloy plate has high strength and can resist external forces with its high strength against larger collisions and compressions, reducing the impact of external forces on the internal components of the battery pack 200. The magnesium alloy plate is lightweight and has good energy absorption characteristics. While reducing the overall weight of the battery pack 200, it can effectively absorb impact energy and enhance the protection of the internal components of the battery pack 200. The titanium alloy plate has extremely high strength and corrosion resistance, providing reliable protection for the battery pack 200 in harsh environments or when facing high-intensity impacts. In other words, in this application, the specific composition of the second protective plate 23 can be reasonably adjusted according to actual conditions and needs, and this application does not impose specific limitations. Meanwhile, this embodiment shows the case where the second protective plate 23 is an aluminum plate.

[0070] In some embodiments, see Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the battery box 100 also includes a buffer layer 30, which is disposed at the bottom of the box body 10 and located between the protective structure 20 and the cooling plate 11.

[0071] Specifically, the buffer layer 30 is located at the bottom of the housing 10 and between the protective structure 20 and the cooling plate 11. When the battery pack 200 encounters external impacts, such as bumps or collisions during transportation, the buffer layer 30 can effectively absorb some of the impact energy. For example, when the battery pack 200 is impacted from the bottom, the buffer layer 30 converts the impact force into its own internal energy through its elastic deformation, reducing the energy transmitted to the cooling plate 11 and the battery cell 210, thereby effectively protecting these components from damage caused by excessive impact and reducing the risk of damage to the components of the battery pack 200. At the same time, during the operation of the battery pack 200, vibrations generated by vehicle movement or other external vibration sources may affect the internal components of the battery pack 200. The buffer layer 30 can buffer vibrations, attenuating the amplitude and frequency of vibrations and preventing vibrations from being directly transmitted to the cooling plate 11 and the battery cell 210. For example, during the operation of an electric vehicle, the vibration caused by road bumps is buffered by the buffer layer 30, which reduces the vibration experienced by the cooling plate 11 and the battery cell 210, and avoids problems such as loosening of components and damage to connection points of the battery pack 200 due to long-term vibration, thus ensuring the stability of the internal structure of the battery pack 200.

[0072] In some embodiments, see Figures 1 to 3As shown, a protrusion 113 is provided on the side of the cooling plate 11 near the buffer layer 30, and a groove 301 that matches the protrusion 113 is provided on the side of the buffer layer 30 near the cooling plate 11.

[0073] Specifically, the protrusions 113 on the cooling plate 11 are adapted to the grooves 301 on the buffer layer 30, enabling precise positioning of the cooling plate 11 and the buffer layer 30. During installation, the protrusions 113 accurately embed into the grooves 301, ensuring the accurate positioning of the cooling plate 11 and the buffer layer 30, avoiding poor buffering effect or impact on heat transfer efficiency due to installation deviations. The tight fit between the protrusions 113 and the grooves 301 effectively prevents relative displacement between the cooling plate 11 and the buffer layer 30. When the battery pack 200 is subjected to external forces such as vibration or impact, the protrusions 113 are locked in the grooves 301, restricting horizontal movement and maintaining structural stability. Simultaneously, the fit between the protrusions 113 and the grooves 301 enhances the buffering performance of the buffer layer 30. When subjected to external impact, the interaction between the protrusions 113 and the grooves 301 further disperses the impact force. For example, when the battery pack 200 is hit, the impact force is transmitted to the groove 301 through the protrusion 113, and then more widely dispersed inside the buffer layer 30, avoiding the impact force from being concentrated in a certain part, improving the ability of the buffer layer 30 to absorb impact energy, and better protecting the cooling plate 11 and the battery cell 210.

[0074] In some embodiments, see Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the protective structure 20, the cooling plate 11, and the buffer layer 30 are all fixed to the bottom of the housing 10 by at least one of the following methods: welding, bonding, snap-fitting, and screwing.

[0075] Specifically, the protective structure 20, cooling plate 11, and buffer layer 30 can all be fixed to the bottom of the housing 10 by at least one of welding, bonding, snap-fitting, or screwing, providing great flexibility in the design and manufacturing of the battery pack 200. For example, in applications with extremely high sealing requirements, welding can create a tight, seamless connection between the protective structure 20, cooling plate 11, and the bottom of the housing 10, effectively preventing external liquids and dust from entering the cavity 12 of the battery pack 100 and protecting the battery cells 210 within the cavity 12. In applications requiring rapid assembly and disassembly, snap-fitting or screwing is more suitable, allowing maintenance personnel to quickly separate and repair or replace relevant components when the battery pack 200 malfunctions. Furthermore, different fixing methods are suitable for different working environments. Bonding is suitable for environments with strict requirements on structural weight and low vibration, as it can reduce the overall weight of the battery pack 200 while ensuring effective fixation. For example, in battery packs 200 used in the aerospace field, bonding can meet the fixation requirements without excessively increasing weight. In environments with high vibration, such as during the operation of an electric vehicle, screw connections or welding can provide a more stable connection, ensuring that the protective structure 20, cooling plate 11, and buffer layer 30 will not loosen under long-term vibration, thus guaranteeing the safety and stability of the battery pack 200. In other words, in this application, the fixing method between the protective structure 20, cooling plate 11, and buffer layer 30 and the housing 10 can be reasonably adjusted according to actual conditions and needs; this application does not impose specific limitations. Furthermore, this embodiment shows a case where the protective structure 20, cooling plate 11, and buffer layer 30 are all connected to the housing 10 by screw connections.

[0076] In some embodiments, see Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the battery box 100 also includes a cover 40, a pressure relief valve 220, and a safety device 230. Specifically, the cover 40 is installed on the top of the box 10 and seals the cavity 12, preventing external impurities from entering the cavity 12 and affecting the battery cells 210 inside. The pressure relief valve 220 is located on the outer surface of the box 10. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery pack 200, the pressure relief valve 220 can relieve pressure on the battery pack 200, preventing explosions and improving the safety of the battery pack 200. The safety device 230 is also located on the outside of the battery pack 200. In case of an emergency or maintenance of the battery pack 200, maintenance personnel can use the safety device 230 to cut off the power supply to the battery pack 200, thereby ensuring their safety.

[0077] In summary, the battery box and battery pack of this application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0078] (1) The protective structure is composed of a foamed metal layer with micropores, which can improve the deformation resistance of the protective structure and reduce the weight of the battery pack, thus improving the range.

[0079] (2) The first protective plate can prevent the cooling plate from being scratched and can seal the micropores, which can improve the battery pack's range and enhance the protection of the cooling plate to a certain extent.

[0080] (3) The second protective plate works together with the first protective plate to provide all-round protection for the battery pack, which can prevent impurities from entering the box and improve the reliability of the battery pack.

[0081] (4) The first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer make the protective plate (first protective plate and second protective plate) fit tightly with the foamed metal layer, preventing relative displacement and enhancing the protection of the battery cell and cooling plate.

[0082] (5) A reasonable thickness ratio ensures that the foamed metal layer, the first protective plate, the second protective plate, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer can work together to improve the buffering, connection and protection capabilities.

[0083] (6) A foamed metal layer, a first protective plate, a second protective plate, a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer with a specific thickness range can protect against different impacts and ensure the structural stability and function of the battery pack.

[0084] (7) Multiple foamed metal layers are available to meet different performance requirements of the battery pack, such as lightweight, heat dissipation, and corrosion resistance.

[0085] (8) The first and second protective plates made of various materials can be adapted to different protection scenarios and provide different levels of protection for the battery pack.

[0086] (9) The buffer layer can absorb impact energy, buffer vibration, protect the internal components of the battery pack, and enhance the structural stability of the battery pack.

[0087] (10) The protrusions and grooves work together to achieve precise positioning of the buffer layer and the cooling plate, prevent relative displacement between the buffer layer and the cooling plate, and enhance the buffering performance of the buffer layer.

[0088] (11) The protective structure, cooling plate and buffer layer and the box body have multiple fixing methods, which provide flexibility in fixing methods, adapt to different scenarios, ensure the installation and maintenance of battery pack, and improve the safety of battery pack.

[0089] (12) The cover seal can prevent impurities from entering the battery box, the pressure relief valve can improve the safety of the battery pack by relieving pressure, and the safety device can ensure the safety of personnel and improve the safety of the battery pack.

[0090] The embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A battery box (100), characterized in that, include: Box (10), the bottom of which is provided with a cooling plate (11); The protective structure (20) includes a foamed metal layer (21) which is at least used for mounting on the bottom of the cooling plate (11), and the surface and / or interior of the foamed metal layer (21) have a plurality of micropores (211). A buffer layer (30) is disposed at the bottom of the housing (10) and located between the protective structure (20) and the cooling plate (11).

2. The battery box (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective structure (20) further includes a first protective plate (22), which is disposed on a first side (212) of the foamed metal layer (21) near the cooling plate (11); and / or, The protective structure (20) further includes a second protective plate (23), which is disposed on the second side (213) of the foamed metal layer (21) opposite to the first side (212).

3. The battery box (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective structure (20) further includes a first adhesive layer (24), which is bonded between the foamed metal layer (21) and the first protective plate (22); and / or, The protective structure (20) further includes a second adhesive layer (25), which is bonded between the foamed metal layer (21) and the second protective plate (23).

4. The battery box (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness D of the foamed metal layer (21) and the thickness L1 of the first protective plate (22) satisfy the following relationship: 0.01≤D / L1≤200; and / or, The thickness D of the foamed metal layer (21) and the thickness S1 of the first adhesive layer (24) satisfy the following relationship: 0.02 ≤ D / S1 ≤ 200; and / or, The thickness L1 of the first protective plate (22) and the thickness S1 of the first adhesive layer (24) satisfy the following relationship: 0.02≤L1 / S1≤100; and / or, The thickness D of the foamed metal layer (21) and the thickness L2 of the second protective plate (23) satisfy the following relationship: 0.01≤D / L2≤200; and / or, The thickness D of the foamed metal layer (21) and the thickness S2 of the second adhesive layer (25) satisfy the following relationship: 0.02 ≤ D / S2 ≤ 200; and / or, The thickness L2 of the second protective plate (23) and the thickness S2 of the second adhesive layer (25) satisfy the relationship: 0.02≤L2 / S2≤100.

5. The battery box (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness D of the foamed metal layer (21) satisfies the following relationship: 0.1mm ≤ D ≤ 20mm; and / or, The thickness L1 of the first protective plate (22) satisfies the following relationship: 0.1mm ≤ L1 ≤ 10mm; and / or, The thickness S1 of the first adhesive layer (24) satisfies the following relationship: 0.1mm ≤ S1 ≤ 5mm; and / or, The thickness L2 of the second protective plate (23) satisfies the following relationship: 0.1mm ≤ L2 ≤ 10mm; and / or, The thickness S2 of the second adhesive layer (25) satisfies the following relationship: 0.1mm≤S2≤5mm.

6. The battery box (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The foamed metal layer (21) includes at least one of a foamed aluminum layer, a foamed nickel layer, a foamed copper layer, and a foamed magnesium layer; and / or, The first protective plate (22) comprises at least one of an aluminum plate, an aluminum alloy plate, a magnesium alloy plate, and a titanium alloy plate; and / or, The second protective plate (23) includes at least one of aluminum plate, aluminum alloy plate, magnesium alloy plate and titanium alloy plate.

7. The battery box (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, A protrusion (113) is provided on the side of the cooling plate (11) near the buffer layer (30), and a groove (301) adapted to the protrusion (113) is provided on the side of the buffer layer (30) near the cooling plate (11).

8. The battery box (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective structure (20), the cooling plate (11), and the buffer layer (30) are all fixed to the bottom of the box (10) by at least one of welding, bonding, snap-fitting, and screwing.

9. A battery pack (200), characterized in that, The battery pack (200) includes a battery cell (210) and a battery case (100), wherein the battery case (100) is the battery case (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the battery cell (210) is located inside the battery case (100).

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