Explosion-proof valve and bonnet construction
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522098549.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-29
AI Technical Summary
The explosion-proof valve of existing batteries can only be opened once, which cannot adjust the battery thermal runaway in time, resulting in insufficient safety performance.
Design an explosion-proof valve with multiple explosion-proof grooves on the explosion-proof area for different opening pressures. The difference in residual thickness and opening pressure between any two grooves is within a specific range, so as to achieve multiple adjustments of the exhaust volume.
By using multiple explosion-proof grooves with different opening pressures, the venting volume can be continuously adjusted during battery thermal runaway, thereby improving battery safety and protection capabilities.
Smart Images
Figure CN224934930U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage equipment technology, and in particular to an explosion-proof valve and top cover structure. Background Technology
[0002] To ensure battery safety, explosion-proof valves are typically installed on the top cover of the battery. Current battery explosion-proof valves have only one explosion-proof notch, and the opening pressure and maximum venting cross-section after opening are fixed. Therefore, the explosion-proof valve can only be opened once, posing a risk of delayed or ineffective opening, leading to thermal runaway of the battery cell. Furthermore, as thermal runaway progresses, adjustment can only be made after a single opening. If thermal runaway continues to worsen, the explosion-proof valve loses its ability to be further adjusted, indicating insufficient safety performance. Utility Model Content
[0003] One objective of this invention is to provide an explosion-proof valve that improves safety performance.
[0004] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0005] An explosion-proof valve is provided, the explosion-proof valve having an explosion-proof area, the explosion-proof area having M explosion-proof markings, the opening pressure of any two of the explosion-proof markings being different, and M being a positive integer greater than 1;
[0006] The difference in the residual thickness of any two explosion-proof markings is greater than or equal to 0.01 mm, and the difference in the opening pressure of any two explosion-proof markings is greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa.
[0007] Optionally, the difference in the residual thickness of any two explosion-proof grooves is less than or equal to 0.2 mm.
[0008] Optionally, the difference in opening pressure between any two of the explosion-proof grooves is less than or equal to 0.7 MPa.
[0009] Optionally, N of the M explosion-proof markings are fully or partially enclosed ring structures, and the N ring structures are nested sequentially, where N is a positive integer greater than 1 and N is less than or equal to M.
[0010] Optionally, the residual thickness of the N ring structures increases sequentially from the inside to the outside.
[0011] Optionally, some or all of the explosion-proof markings have a bursting portion and a connecting portion, and the difference between the residual thickness of the connecting portion and the residual thickness of the bursting portion ranges from 0.02mm to 0.3mm.
[0012] Optionally, the residual thickness of some or all of the explosion-proof grooves ranges from 0.05mm to 0.3mm;
[0013] And / or, the thickness of the explosion-proof area where the explosion-proof markings are not made ranges from 0.2mm to 0.4mm.
[0014] Optionally, the explosion-proof markings are a fully or partially enclosed annular structure, and the area enclosed by the explosion-proof markings is provided with reinforcing ribs.
[0015] Alternatively, M satisfies: 2≤M≤5.
[0016] Another objective of this invention is to provide a top cover structure that improves safety performance.
[0017] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0018] A top cover structure is provided, including a cover plate and the aforementioned explosion-proof valve, wherein the explosion-proof valve is disposed at the explosion-proof through hole of the cover plate.
[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0020] This invention provides an explosion-proof valve with an explosion-proof area and M explosion-proof grooves. The opening pressure of any two explosion-proof grooves is different, where M is a positive integer greater than 1. The difference in residual thickness between any two explosion-proof grooves is greater than or equal to 0.01 mm, and the difference in opening pressure between any two explosion-proof grooves is greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa. By setting explosion-proof grooves with different opening pressures, during the process of battery thermal runaway, as the internal gas pressure of the battery continuously increases, different explosion-proof grooves will burst and open, thereby continuously adjusting the venting volume, improving the regulating capability of the explosion-proof valve, and thus improving battery safety.
[0021] This utility model also provides a top cover structure, including a cover plate and the aforementioned explosion-proof valve, wherein the explosion-proof valve is disposed at the explosion-proof through hole of the cover plate. This top cover structure has higher safety performance. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the explosion-proof valve provided in this embodiment of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 2 This is a second-view structural schematic diagram of the explosion-proof valve provided in this embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view of AA;
[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the image;
[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point C in the image;
[0027] Figure 6 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the explosion-proof valve (containing reinforcing ribs) provided in this embodiment of the utility model;
[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the top cover structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0029] In the picture:
[0030] 1. Explosion-proof valve; 11. Explosion-proof area; 111. First notch; 1111. First bursting section; 1112. First connecting section; 112. Second notch; 1121. Second bursting section; 1122. Second connecting section; 12. Welding area; 113. Reinforcing rib;
[0031] 2. Cover plate; 3. Positive terminal; 4. Negative terminal; 5. Explosion-proof patch. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining this utility model and not for limiting it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to this utility model are shown in the drawings, not all of them.
[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections or detachable connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0034] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0035] like Figures 1-2As shown, the explosion-proof valve 1 in this embodiment has an explosion-proof area 11, and the explosion-proof area 11 has M explosion-proof markings. The opening pressure of any two explosion-proof markings is different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.
[0036] By setting explosion-proof grooves with different opening pressures, during the process of battery thermal runaway, as the internal gas pressure of the battery continuously increases, different explosion-proof grooves will burst and open, thereby continuously adjusting the venting volume and improving the adjustment capability of explosion-proof valve 1, thus enhancing battery safety. Furthermore, by setting multiple explosion-proof grooves with different opening pressures, if one explosion-proof groove fails unexpectedly, the bursting of the other explosion-proof grooves can at least mitigate the progression of thermal runaway to some extent.
[0037] The difference in residual thickness between any two explosion-proof notches is greater than or equal to 0.01 mm. When the value of M is 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4 The difference 'a' between the residual thicknesses of the two explosion-proof markings is shown. The value of 'a' must be greater than or equal to 0.01 mm. This is because when the difference in the residual thickness of the two explosion-proof markings is less than 0.01 mm, the difference in the opening pressure of the two explosion-proof markings is very small, and the effect of opening adjustment under different air pressures will be weakened.
[0038] Furthermore, the difference in opening pressure between any two explosion-proof markings must be greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa. Similarly, if the difference in opening pressure between two explosion-proof markings is very small, the effect of opening adjustment will be weakened under different air pressures.
[0039] Optionally, the difference in the residual thickness of any two explosion-proof markings is less than or equal to 0.2 mm. If the difference in the residual thickness of two explosion-proof markings is greater than 0.2 mm, then the larger residual thickness must be greater than 0.2 mm. There are two possibilities: one is that the larger residual thickness is too large, resulting in an excessively high opening pressure, exceeding the actual explosion requirements of the battery; the other is that the smaller residual thickness is too small, resulting in an insufficient opening pressure. If the battery is opened before it is needed, it will not be able to operate normally.
[0040] Optionally, the difference in the residual thickness of any two explosion-proof grooves can be 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.039mm, 0.04mm, 0.041mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, 0.1mm, 0.11mm, 0.12mm, 0.13mm, 0.14mm, 0.15mm, 0.16mm, 0.17mm, 0.18mm, 0.19mm, or 0.2mm.
[0041] Optionally, the difference in opening pressure between any two explosion-proof marks should be less than or equal to 0.7 MPa. Similarly, if the difference in opening pressure between two explosion-proof marks is greater than 0.7 MPa, either the larger opening pressure is too high, exceeding the actual bursting requirements of the battery, or the smaller opening pressure is too low, causing the battery to malfunction and be unable to operate normally when it is not required to open.
[0042] Optionally, the difference in opening pressure between any two explosion-proof notches can be 0.2MPa, 0.3MPa, 0.4MPa, 0.5MPa, 0.6MPa or 0.7MPa.
[0043] Optionally, M satisfies: 2 ≤ M ≤ 5. The number of explosion-proof markings can be 2, 3, 4, or 5. When the number of explosion-proof markings exceeds 5, in order to ensure a certain distance between adjacent markings and prevent mutual interference, the overall size of the explosion-proof valve 1 will be too large, occupying too much space on the cover plate 2, which is not conducive to the arrangement of other components on the cover plate 2. Therefore, more preferably, the number of explosion-proof markings is less than or equal to 5.
[0044] Optionally, in this embodiment, N of the M explosion-proof markings are fully or partially enclosed annular structures, with the N annular structures nested sequentially. N is a positive integer greater than 1, and N is less than or equal to M. The annular structure is a long, narrow groove. It should be noted that a groove whose ends are connected is a fully enclosed annular structure, while a groove whose ends are not connected is a partially enclosed annular structure.
[0045] Optionally, in this embodiment, all explosion-proof markings are fully enclosed annular structures.
[0046] Optionally, in other embodiments, the explosion-proof groove may also be a circular groove structure, an elliptical groove structure, or a polygonal groove structure. A circular groove structure means that a groove is formed in the explosion-proof area 11, the cross-section of the groove is circular, and the bottom of the groove is the remaining thickness of the explosion-proof groove. An elliptical groove structure means that a groove is formed in the explosion-proof area 11, the cross-section of the groove is elliptical, and the bottom of the groove is the remaining thickness of the explosion-proof groove. A polygonal groove structure means that a groove is formed in the explosion-proof area 11, the cross-section of the groove is polygonal, and the bottom of the groove is also the remaining thickness of the explosion-proof groove.
[0047] Optionally, in this embodiment, all explosion-proof markings may be of the same structure. In other embodiments, some explosion-proof markings may be of one structure and some may be of another structure, or multiple explosion-proof markings may use three, four or more different structures. No limitation is imposed here.
[0048] Optionally, in this embodiment, the explosion-proof markings are a fully enclosed annular structure. Optionally, in this embodiment, M is 2, and N is also 2. That is, the explosion-proof area 11 has a first marking 111 and a second marking 112. In order to prevent the area enclosed by the first marking 111 from detaching from the cover plate 2 and rushing outward when the first marking 111 explodes, optionally, some or all of the explosion-proof markings have a bursting part and a connecting part, and the residual thickness at the connecting part is greater than the residual thickness at the bursting part.
[0049] Optionally, the difference between the residual thickness of the connecting part and the residual thickness of the bursting part is in the range of 0.02mm-0.3mm. Figure 3 and Figure 5 The difference 'b' between the residual thickness of the first connecting part 1112 and the residual thickness of the first explosive part 1111 is shown, with 'b' ranging from 0.02mm to 0.3mm. When 'b' is less than 0.02mm, the difference is too small, and the first connecting part 1112 and the first explosive part 1111 are likely to explode simultaneously, with the area enclosed by the first notch 111 still having the possibility of being ejected outwards. When 'b' is greater than 0.3mm, the difference is too large, resulting in the residual thickness of the first explosive part 1111 being too small, causing it to explode before reaching the preset initial explosion pressure, or the overall thickness of the explosion-proof valve 1 being too large, which is detrimental to cost control.
[0050] Optionally, the difference between the residual thickness of the connecting part and the residual thickness of the bursting part of the same explosion-proof groove can be 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, 0.1mm, 0.11mm, 0.12mm, 0.13mm, 0.14mm, 0.15mm, 0.16mm, 0.17mm, 0.18mm, 0.19mm, 0.2mm, 0.21mm, 0.22mm, 0.23mm, 0.24mm, 0.25mm, 0.26mm, 0.27mm, 0.28mm, 0.29mm, or 0.3mm.
[0051] Optionally, the residual thickness of some or all of the explosion-proof markings can range from 0.05mm to 0.3mm. If the residual thickness of the explosion-proof markings is less than 0.05mm, the opening pressure is too low, and opening it before it is needed will prevent the battery from operating normally. If the residual thickness of the explosion-proof markings is greater than 0.3mm, the opening pressure is too high, exceeding the actual bursting requirements of the battery.
[0052] Optionally, the residual thickness of some or all of the explosion-proof grooves may be 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, 0.1mm, 0.11mm, 0.12mm, 0.13mm, 0.14mm, 0.15mm, 0.16mm, 0.17mm, 0.18mm, 0.19mm, 0.2mm, 0.21mm, 0.22mm, 0.23mm, 0.24mm, 0.25mm, 0.26mm, 0.27mm, 0.28mm, 0.29mm, or 0.3mm.
[0053] Optionally, the thickness of the explosion-proof area 11 without explosion-proof markings can range from 0.2mm to 0.4mm. If the thickness of the explosion-proof area 11 without explosion-proof markings is less than 0.2mm, it is not conducive to ensuring the structural strength of the explosion-proof valve 1; if the thickness of the explosion-proof area 11 without explosion-proof markings is greater than 0.4mm, it is not conducive to control costs.
[0054] Optionally, the thickness of the explosion-proof area 11 where no explosion-proof markings are made can be 0.2mm, 0.21mm, 0.22mm, 0.23mm, 0.24mm, 0.25mm, 0.26mm, 0.27mm, 0.28mm, 0.29mm, 0.3mm, 0.31mm, 0.32mm, 0.33mm, 0.34mm, 0.35mm, 0.36mm, 0.37mm, 0.38mm, 0.39mm, or 0.4mm.
[0055] Optionally, to prevent the area enclosed by the explosion-proof markings from being torn open, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the area enclosed by the explosion-proof grooves is provided with reinforcing ribs 113. The material at the location of the reinforcing ribs 113 has a larger wall thickness to prevent the area from being torn apart.
[0056] Optionally, the residual thickness of the N annular structures increases sequentially from the inside to the outside. In this embodiment, the first notch 111 is located inside the second notch 112. The residual thickness of the first burst portion 1111 of the first notch 111 is less than the residual thickness of the first burst portion 1111 of the second notch 112, so that the burst pressure of the first notch 111 is less than the burst pressure of the second notch 112. That is, the first notch 111 bursts first. If thermal runaway further intensifies and the internal pressure of the battery further increases, the second notch 112 will burst.
[0057] To verify the performance of the explosion-proof valve 1, as shown in Table 1 below, this embodiment provides five sets of example and four sets of comparative explosion-proof valves 1. Each set of explosion-proof valves 1 is provided with two grooves, namely the first groove 111 and the second groove 112. The groove thickness and opening pressure are different between the sets.
[0058] Among the five examples, the explosion-proof valve 1 all met the following requirements: the difference between the residual thickness of the first notch 111 and the residual thickness of the second notch 112 was greater than or equal to 0.01 mm and less than or equal to 0.2 mm; the difference between the opening pressure of the first notch 111 and the opening pressure of the second notch 112 was greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa and less than or equal to 0.7 MPa. In other words, the explosion-proof valve 1 in all five examples met the aforementioned optimal value range. Testing showed that during the internal voltage boosting process of the battery cell, the first notch 111 opened normally first, followed by the second notch 112, and all met the preset opening pressure, demonstrating good safety performance.
[0059] In Comparative Example 1, the residual thickness of the first notch 111 of the explosion-proof valve 1 is the same as the residual thickness of the second notch 112. However, because the areas enclosed by the two notches are different, the opening pressure of the second notch 112 is lower. Upon testing, the second notch 112 indeed opened first. Since the first notch 111 is located within the area enclosed by the second notch 112, the first notch 111 could not open normally, and the safety test failed.
[0060] In Comparative Example 2, the difference between the residual thickness of the first notch 111 and the residual thickness of the second notch 112 in the explosion-proof valve 1 is too large, exceeding the maximum value of 0.2 mm in the optimal range, and is actually 0.21 mm. Testing revealed that due to the excessive residual thickness of the first notch 111, it cannot open normally. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell, the inability of the first notch 111 to open effectively will result in insufficient venting capacity at the explosion-proof valve 1, posing a risk of protection failure and battery cell fire and explosion.
[0061] In Comparative Example 3, the difference between the residual thickness of the first notch 111 and the residual thickness of the second notch 112 in the explosion-proof valve 1 is too small, less than the minimum value of 0.01 mm in the optimal range, and is actually 0.005 mm. Furthermore, the difference between the opening pressure of the first notch 111 and the opening pressure of the second notch 112 is also too small, less than the minimum value of 0.2 MPa in the optimal range, and is actually 0.15 MPa. Testing revealed that during the internal voltage boosting process of the battery cell, the explosion-proof valve 1 cannot open in a gradient manner, failing to achieve the intended design purpose of improving safety performance through gradient opening.
[0062] In Comparative Example 4, the difference between the opening pressure of the first notch 111 and the opening pressure of the second notch 112 of the explosion-proof valve 1 is too large, exceeding the maximum value of 0.7 MPa within the optimal range, and is actually 0.75 MPa. Testing revealed that during the internal voltage boosting process of the battery cell, after the first notch 111 opens, the second notch 112 does not open in time. Relying solely on the first notch 111 still indicates insufficient venting capacity and poor safety performance.
[0063] Table 1
[0064] sample Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Residual thickness of the first notch (mm) 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.09 0.1 0.07 0.125 0.07 Opening pressure (MPa) of the first notch 0.45 0.7 0.45 0.7 0.55 0.9 0.7 0.75 0.45 The remaining thickness of the second notch (mm) 0.06 0.23 0.16 0.13 0.12 0.1 0.28 0.13 0.145 Opening pressure (MPa) of the second notch 0.65 1.2 1.1 1 0.9 0.7 1.3 0.9 1.2 The difference (mm) between the remaining thickness of the second notch and the remaining thickness of the first notch. 0.01 0.17 0.08 0.03 0.03 0 0.21 0.005 0.075 The difference (MPa) between the opening pressure of the second mark and the opening pressure of the first mark. 0.2 0.5 0.65 0.3 0.35 -0.2 0.6 0.15 0.75 result OK OK OK OK OK NG NG NG NG
[0065] like Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment also provides a top cover structure, including a cover plate 2 and the aforementioned explosion-proof valve 1. The explosion-proof valve 1 is disposed at the explosion-proof through hole of the cover plate 2. This top cover structure has higher safety performance.
[0066] Optionally, the top cover structure also includes a positive terminal 3, a negative terminal 4, and an explosion-proof patch 5 on the cover plate 2. The explosion-proof patch 5 is attached to the outward side of the explosion-proof valve 1 to protect the explosion-proof valve 1.
[0067] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. An explosion-proof valve, characterized in that, The explosion-proof valve (1) has an explosion-proof area (11), and the explosion-proof area (11) has M explosion-proof marks. The opening pressure of any two explosion-proof marks is different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1. The difference in the residual thickness of any two explosion-proof markings is greater than or equal to 0.01 mm, and the difference in the opening pressure of any two explosion-proof markings is greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa.
2. The explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The difference in the residual thickness of any two of the explosion-proof grooves is less than or equal to 0.2 mm.
3. The explosion-proof valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The difference in opening pressure between any two of the explosion-proof grooves is less than or equal to 0.7 MPa.
4. The explosion-proof valve according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, N of the M explosion-proof markings are fully or partially enclosed ring structures, and the N ring structures are nested sequentially, where N is a positive integer greater than 1 and N is less than or equal to M.
5. The explosion-proof valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, The residual thickness of the N ring structures increases sequentially from the inside to the outside.
6. The explosion-proof valve according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Some or all of the explosion-proof markings have a bursting part and a connecting part, and the difference between the residual thickness of the connecting part and the residual thickness of the bursting part ranges from 0.02mm to 0.3mm.
7. The explosion-proof valve according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The residual thickness of some or all of the explosion-proof grooves ranges from 0.05mm to 0.3mm; And / or, the thickness of the explosion-proof area (11) where the explosion-proof notches are not made is in the range of 0.2mm-0.4mm.
8. The explosion-proof valve according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The explosion-proof markings are a ring structure that is fully or partially enclosed, and the area enclosed by the explosion-proof markings is provided with reinforcing ribs (113).
9. The explosion-proof valve according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, M satisfies: 2≤M≤5.
10. A top cover structure, characterized in that, Includes a cover plate (2) and an explosion-proof valve as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the explosion-proof valve (1) is disposed at the explosion-proof through hole of the cover plate (2).