Electric control device and electric appliance
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522206566.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-10-17
Smart Images
Figure CN224935400U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an electronic control device and an electrical appliance. Background Technology
[0002] As a core component of electric vehicles and other electrical equipment, the electronic control device includes power units, battery management units (BMUs) and battery disconnection units (BDUs).
[0003] The power unit, BMU, and BDU are structurally and electrically connected via flexible printed circuit (FPC). However, the flexible printed circuit occupies a large space, resulting in low space utilization of the electronic control device. Utility Model Content
[0004] This application provides an electronic control device and electrical equipment, in which a battery management device, a battery circuit breaker, and a power device are disposed on both sides of a circuit board and electrically connected to the circuit board, thereby improving the space utilization of the electronic control device.
[0005] The first aspect of this application provides an electronic control device, comprising: Control components and power devices; The control components include: battery management devices, battery circuit breaker devices, and circuit boards; The power device is located on one side of the circuit board and is electrically connected to the circuit board; The battery management device is located on the other side of the circuit board and is electrically connected to the circuit board; The battery circuit breaker is disposed on at least one side of the circuit board and is electrically connected to the circuit board.
[0006] Optionally, it also includes: a connector; The circuit board has a first interface, the power device and the battery circuit breaker arranged on the same side as the power device have a second interface, one end of the connector is electrically connected to the first interface, and the other end of the connector is electrically connected to the second interface.
[0007] Optionally, the connector includes: a first connecting part, a second connecting part, and a transition part, wherein the first connecting part and the second connecting part are fixed to both ends of the transition part; The first connecting part is located on the side of the circuit board facing the first interface, the first connecting part is electrically connected to the first interface, and the second connecting part is electrically connected to the second interface; One end of the transition section is electrically connected to the first connecting section, and the other end of the transition section is electrically connected to the second connecting section.
[0008] Optionally, the first interface is located on the side of the circuit board facing the battery management device; The transition section is mounted on the circuit board.
[0009] Optionally, it also includes: a connecting row; The connector is located on the side of the circuit board facing the power devices; The side of the connector facing the circuit board has a connecting post, and the power device and the battery circuit breaker device arranged on the same side as the power device are fixedly connected to the connecting post.
[0010] Optionally, at least some of the battery circuit breakers arranged on the same side as the power devices have a third interface for outputting voltage sampling data of the battery circuit breakers. The side of the connector facing the circuit board also has a conductive post, which is electrically connected to the third interface.
[0011] Optionally, the circuit board has a first partition and a second partition; A battery circuit breaker with a third interface is located on the side of the first partition facing the battery management device, and the battery management device is located on the side of the second partition facing away from the battery management device.
[0012] Optionally, it also includes: a heat exchange component; The heat exchange assembly is thermally connected to the side of the connecting bar away from the circuit board.
[0013] Optionally, the battery management device and the battery circuit breaker device arranged on the same side as the battery management device are soldered onto the circuit board. The first connecting part is welded to the first interface, and the second connecting part is welded to the second interface of the power device and the battery circuit breaker device arranged on the same side as the power device. The power device and the battery circuit breaker arranged on the same side as the power device are riveted to the connecting post.
[0014] A second aspect of this application provides an electrical appliance, including an electrical control device as described in any of the first aspects.
[0015] This application provides an electronic control device and electrical equipment. The electronic control device includes a control component and a power device. The control component includes a battery management device, a battery circuit breaker, and a circuit board. The power device is disposed on one side of the circuit board and electrically connected to the circuit board, forming a power unit with the power device and a portion of the circuit board. The battery management device is disposed on the other side of the circuit board and electrically connected to the circuit board, forming a battery management unit with the battery management device and a portion of the circuit board. The battery circuit breaker is disposed on at least one side of the circuit board and electrically connected to the circuit board, forming a battery circuit breaker unit with the battery circuit breaker and a portion of the circuit board. The following technical effects are achieved: disposing the battery management device, battery circuit breaker, and power device on both sides of the circuit board and electrically connecting them improves the space utilization of the electronic control device; the battery management device, battery circuit breaker, and power device share part of the circuit board structure, reducing the spatial size of the electronic control equipment; the battery management device, battery circuit breaker, and power device are relatively independent in electrical connection and function, while maintaining synergy, expanding the functionality of the electronic control equipment.
[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description
[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic control device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of the electronic control device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of electrical connection between the connector and the interface provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of electrical connection between the connector and the interface provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 Electrical schematic diagram of the electronic control device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the high and low voltage isolation design provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the high and low voltage isolation design provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of shunt welding provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of intelligent fuse welding provided in this application embodiment; Figure 10 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of relay welding provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of laser welding of components provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0018] Figure label: 100 - Control component; 110 - Battery management device; 120 - Battery circuit breaker; 130 - Circuit board; 131 - First partition; 132 - Second partition; 200-Power Devices; 300 - Connector; 310 - First connecting part; 320 - Second connecting part; 330 - Transition part; 410 - First interface; 420 - Second interface; 430 - Third interface; 500 - Connecting bar; 510 - Connecting post; 520 - Conductive post; 610 - Heat exchanger assembly; 620 - Housing; 711 - First sampling point; 712 - Second sampling point; 713 - Third sampling point; 714 - Fourth sampling point; 715 - Fifth sampling point; 716 - Sixth sampling point; 717 - Seventh sampling point; 721 - First output terminal; 722 - Second output terminal; 723 - Third output terminal; 724 - Fourth output terminal; 725 - Fifth output terminal; 726 - Sixth output terminal; 727 - Seventh output terminal; 728 - Eighth output terminal; 731 - Battery positive terminal; 732 - Battery negative terminal; 810 - Shunt; 820 - Intelligent fuse; 830 - Relay; 840 - Copper busbar; 850 - Component. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0020] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.
[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0023] To facilitate a clear description of the technical solution of this application, some of the terms and technologies involved in this application are briefly introduced below: Electronic control unit: This is the core control device for electric vehicles and other electrical equipment, primarily responsible for energy management, status monitoring, and safety protection of the electrical system. Through its functional units, including power units, battery management units, and battery circuit breaker units, the electronic control unit achieves efficient control and safe operation of the entire vehicle's electrical system.
[0024] Power unit: This is the unit in the electronic control device responsible for converting electrical energy. It typically consists of components such as a rectifier bridge, insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs), and electrolytic capacitors. It is used to convert the input DC or AC power into a current and voltage form suitable for driving the motor or charging the battery. The power unit controls the current, voltage, and frequency to manage the driving of the motor or the charging and discharging of the battery.
[0025] Battery Management Unit (BMU): This is a unit specifically designed to monitor and manage the operating status of a battery pack. It typically consists of components such as sensor modules, data processing modules, communication interfaces, and safety protection circuits. It is used to monitor battery status parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature in real time, estimate the remaining charge and health status of the battery, and perform equalization management to ensure the safe, reliable, and efficient operation of the battery system.
[0026] Battery Disconnection Unit (BDU): This is a safety module specifically designed for physical isolation between the battery pack and the load. It typically consists of components such as high-voltage relays, fuses, and shunts, and is used to quickly disconnect the battery from the circuit in an emergency.
[0027] Flexible printed circuits (FPCs) are circuit connection components made using flexible substrates such as polyimide films, achieving electrical connections through printed conductive lines. Their advantages include lightweight, flexibility, and adaptability to complex spatial layouts; however, their disadvantages include a larger footprint and lower mechanical strength, potentially leading to reduced space utilization in electronic control devices.
[0028] To clearly understand the technical solution of this application, the solutions of the prior art will be described in detail first.
[0029] As a core component of electric vehicles and other electrical equipment, the electronic control device encompasses the power unit, battery management unit (BMU), and battery disconnect unit (BDU). The BMU is electrically connected to the power unit and BDU via a flexible printed circuit (FPC). The BMU receives sensor data from the BDU and operating status data from the power unit, and sends contactor on / off commands to the BDU to instruct the pre-charging contactor and / or the main contactor to open and close. It also sends power conversion commands to the power unit to instruct the adjustment of output power to match the motor's requirements. Simultaneously, the high-voltage energy from the battery is first connected to the BDU via the FPC. After the BDU's main contactor is turned on, the energy is then transmitted to the power unit via the FPC, enabling the power unit to convert the energy into the form required by the motor, or, conversely, to charge the battery.
[0030] The overall design of electronic control devices is showing trends towards integration, platformization, and modularization. However, electronic control devices suffer from the following technical problems: Low space utilization. Specifically, on the one hand, the internal components of the electronic control device are not arranged compactly enough; on the other hand, the power unit, BMU and BDU are connected structurally and electrically by means of FPC, and the FPC itself occupies a lot of space.
[0031] Poor assembly consistency. Specifically, due to the presence of FPC, it is difficult to use automated production lines for electrical control devices, which often require manual assembly. Manual assembly inevitably leads to poor consistency, resulting in situations such as loose terminals or improperly inserted connectors in wire harness assembly.
[0032] Platformization is not feasible. Specifically, the shapes of electrical control devices vary among different electrical devices, making platformization difficult. This results in significant investment in the development of electrical control devices and high overall component costs.
[0033] Poor current-carrying capacity. Specifically, the electronic control device dissipates heat through air cooling or natural cooling, resulting in a low overall heat exchange coefficient and poor heat dissipation. This leads to an increase in the temperature of its components, which manifests as poor current-carrying capacity. At the same time, the bolts of the FPC cause the internal resistance of the electronic control device to be high, which also reflects poor current-carrying capacity.
[0034] The cost is relatively high. Specifically, firstly, low space utilization leads to redundant design of electronic control devices, thereby increasing costs; secondly, low space utilization also leads to a larger selection of heat dissipation components, resulting in higher costs; and thirdly, the cost of FPC itself is relatively high.
[0035] Therefore, in response to the above-mentioned technical problems, it was found during the research process that, in order to solve the problem, the power unit, BMU and BDU can be integrated to share some physical structures and space, thereby improving the space utilization of the electronic control device. Optionally, the FPC can be removed to achieve compatibility with automated production lines, thereby solving assembly consistency issues such as loose terminals or connectors not being properly inserted. Optionally, the functions of the power control device can be expanded as much as possible while reducing its size to meet the needs of various electrical devices. The expanded functions of the power control device may include pre-charging, main positive circuit, fast charging circuit, boost circuit, temperature detection, two-way current detection, voltage detection, and active / passive cut-off circuit, etc. Alternatively, the electrical connection method of the component can be changed to welding to improve its current carrying capacity; Optionally, a deeply integrated design and a wireless design can be adopted to reduce the cost of the electronic control device. The technical solutions of this application will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.
[0036] Example 1 Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic control device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the electronic control device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The electronic control device includes: Control component 100 and power device 200; The control component 100 includes: a battery management device 110, a battery circuit breaker 120, and a circuit board 130; The power device 200 is disposed on one side of the circuit board 130 and is electrically connected to the circuit board 130; The battery management device 110 is disposed on the other side of the circuit board 130 and is electrically connected to the circuit board 130; The battery circuit breaker 120 is disposed on at least one side of the circuit board 130 and is electrically connected to the circuit board 130.
[0037] Specifically, circuit board 130, as the core support and connection platform of the entire electronic control device, is a printed circuit board (PCB). Its function is to provide conductive paths for battery management device 110, battery circuit breaker 120, and power device 200, thereby realizing the transmission of electrical signals and power between the devices. At the same time, circuit board 130 has a double-sided layout design, supporting the installation of devices on both sides to improve space utilization and system integration.
[0038] Power devices 200 and a portion of circuit board 130 form a power unit. Power device 200 is a collection of core execution components of the power unit, including the aforementioned rectifier bridge, IGBT, thyristor, and electrolytic capacitor. The power unit, as a complete functional unit, includes not only the aforementioned components but also the driving, protection, filtering, and wiring structures for these components, in addition to the components themselves. A dedicated area is pre-defined on circuit board 130 for mounting these driving, protection, filtering, and wiring structures. Power devices 200 are electrically connected to circuit board 130, and internal traces within circuit board 130 connect power devices 200 to these structures. The components of power device 200 and the corresponding structures on circuit board 130 work collaboratively, integrated and connected by circuit board 130, together constituting the power unit in the relevant technology, enabling energy management, status monitoring, and safety protection of electrical systems.
[0039] The battery management device 110 and part of the circuit board 130 form a battery management unit, and the battery circuit breaker device 120 and part of the circuit board 130 form a battery circuit breaker unit. This is similar to the power device 200 and part of the circuit board 130 forming a power unit, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment. The battery management unit, formed by the battery management device 110 and part of the circuit board 130, can monitor the status parameters of the electrical system, estimate the remaining battery capacity and health status, and manage battery balancing to ensure the safe, reliable, and efficient operation of the battery system. The battery circuit breaker unit, formed by the battery circuit breaker device 120 and part of the circuit board 130, can quickly disconnect the battery from the circuit in an emergency.
[0040] Optionally, the electronic control device also includes structures such as heat exchange component 610 and housing 620. In this case, the power device 200, part of the circuit board 130, and the heat exchange component 610 and housing 620 form a power unit, the battery management device 110, part of the circuit board 130, and the heat exchange component 610 and housing 620 form a battery management unit, and the battery circuit breaker device 120, part of the circuit board 130, and the heat exchange component 610 and housing 620 form a battery circuit breaker unit.
[0041] The power device 200, battery management device 110, and battery circuit breaker 120 are all electrically connected to the circuit board 130. Optionally, the electrical connection can be achieved by at least one of the following methods: surface mount, through-hole mounting, crimp / clamp connection, screw fixing, wire soldering, etc.
[0042] The battery circuit breaker 120 is disposed on at least one side of the circuit board 130. It can be disposed on the same side as the power device 200. This arrangement method is centralized and facilitates the wiring of the high-voltage main circuit, but may increase thermal interference. Alternatively, the battery circuit breaker 120 can be disposed on the same side as the battery management device 110. This arrangement method brings the battery circuit breaker 120 close to the control circuit, which is conducive to signal linkage. Alternatively, the battery circuit breaker 120 can be disposed across both sides of the circuit board 130 to make full use of space and improve the integration and space utilization of the electronic control device.
[0043] In this electronic control device, the battery management device 110, battery circuit breaker 120, and power device 200 are electrically connected and functionally coordinated through circuit board 130. The battery is connected to the load via the current-limiting path in the battery circuit breaker 120 and power device 200, forming a pre-charge circuit. In the initial stage of system power-on, the pre-charge circuit can slowly increase the voltage to avoid large current surges. The battery is directly connected to the load via the battery circuit breaker 120 and power device 200, forming a main positive circuit. The on / off state of the main positive circuit is controlled to achieve the connection and isolation of the main power supply. The power supply rapidly inputs energy to the battery via the power device 200 and battery circuit breaker 120, forming a fast charging circuit. The charging sequence and safety of this circuit are coordinated and controlled by the battery management device 110. Voltage detection and two-way current detection are performed by the battery management device 110 collecting signals from the main circuit to monitor the system status. Temperature detection is performed by the battery management device 110 sensing the temperature of key nodes, thereby providing feedback on the system's operating environment. When an abnormal situation is detected, the active and passive disconnection circuit is activated, that is, the battery management device 110 controls the battery circuit breaker 120 or the power device 200 to actively disconnect the circuit; if the fault is more serious, the passive disconnection mechanism can also be triggered to physically isolate the power supply and the load to ensure system safety.
[0044] This application provides an electronic control device and electrical equipment. The electronic control device includes a control component and a power device. The control component includes a battery management device, a battery circuit breaker, and a circuit board. The power device is disposed on one side of the circuit board and electrically connected to the circuit board, forming a power unit with the power device and a portion of the circuit board. The battery management device is disposed on the other side of the circuit board and electrically connected to the circuit board, forming a battery management unit with the battery management device and a portion of the circuit board. The battery circuit breaker is disposed on at least one side of the circuit board and electrically connected to the circuit board, forming a battery circuit breaker unit with the battery circuit breaker and a portion of the circuit board. The following technical effects are achieved: disposing the battery management device, battery circuit breaker, and power device on both sides of the circuit board and electrically connecting them improves the space utilization of the electronic control device; the battery management device, battery circuit breaker, and power device share part of the circuit board structure, reducing the spatial size of the electronic control equipment; the battery management device, battery circuit breaker, and power device are relatively independent in electrical connection and function, while maintaining coordination, expanding the functionality of the electronic control equipment.
[0045] Example 2 Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of electrical connection between the connector and the interface provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 , Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of electrical connection between the connector and the interface provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 .like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, optionally, based on the aforementioned embodiment 1 of this application, the electronic control device in this embodiment further includes: a connector 300; The circuit board 130 has a first interface 410, the power device 200 and the battery circuit breaker 120 arranged on the same side as the power device 200 have a second interface 420, one end of the connector 300 is electrically connected to the first interface 410, and the other end of the connector 300 is electrically connected to the second interface 420.
[0046] Specifically, the first interface 410 is an electrical connection point on the circuit board 130, and its function is to lead out and introduce control signals from the circuit board 130, while also introducing power. The first interface 410 can take the form of... Figure 3 and Figure 4 The metal pads shown can also be in other forms, such as pins / headers, connectors, and pogo pin interfaces.
[0047] The second interface 420 is an electrical connection point on the power device 200 or the battery circuit breaker 120, used for receiving and transmitting signals or power. The second interface 420 can take the form of... Figure 3 The top output terminal shown can also be Figure 4 The housing structure shown (e.g., an output cylindrical structure with one-piece injection molding of copper busbars) can also be in other forms, such as a female connector, a PCB socket, or a pad array.
[0048] The connector 300 is used to achieve electrical connection between the first interface 410 and the second interface 420. Possible forms include wire harness, ribbon cable, metal conductive strip / copper busbar, coaxial cable or shielded wire, etc.
[0049] The technical effect of this application embodiment is that it enables the physical separation of the circuit board, power device and battery circuit breaker, thereby improving the safety of the electronic control device; at the same time, it enables the electrical connection of the device by means of connectors to achieve compatibility with automated production lines.
[0050] Example 3 When used for extended periods or subjected to external impacts, the power device 200 and / or the battery circuit breaker 120 may experience relative movement with respect to the circuit board 130. Therefore, this application proposes a corresponding buffer structure to absorb any potential relative displacement. Optionally, based on the aforementioned embodiment 2 of this application, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment of the application, the connector 300 includes: a first connecting part 310, a second connecting part 320 and a transition part 330, wherein the first connecting part 310 and the second connecting part 320 are fixed to both ends of the transition part 330; The first connection part 310 is provided on the side of the circuit board 130 facing the first interface 410. The first connection part 310 is electrically connected to the first interface 410, and the second connection part 320 is electrically connected to the second interface 420. One end of the transition portion 330 is electrically connected to the first connecting portion 310, and the other end of the transition portion 330 is electrically connected to the second connecting portion 320.
[0051] Specifically, the material of the connector 300 can be copper, aluminum, nickel or a mixture of metals. The first connecting part 310 and the second connecting part 320 are fixed to both ends of the transition part 330. The first connecting part 310, the second connecting part 320 and the transition part 330 constitute the connector 300. Its manufacturing process includes stamping and bending, etching, casting and machining or welding.
[0052] The first connecting part 310 is electrically connected to the first interface 410, and the second connecting part 320 is electrically connected to the second interface 420. The connection method between the two can be welding, plugging, or screw crimping. Specifically, for Figure 3 The output terminal structure shown allows the second connection part 320 to be electrically connected to the second interface 420 via laser welding; for Figure 4 The output cylindrical structure with integrated copper busbar shown can be electrically connected to the second interface 420 via wave soldering through the second connection part 320.
[0053] The transition section 330 has a certain degree of elasticity and absorbs relative displacement through its redundant parts. Its core principle is to use the elastic deformation capability of the metal material and the mechanical properties of the geometry to achieve buffering of mechanical stress and displacement compensation.
[0054] The technical effect of this application embodiment is that the relative displacement generated by the power device and / or battery circuit breaker is absorbed by the elastic deformation capability and the mechanical properties of the geometry of the transition part.
[0055] Example 4 When the power device 200 and / or the battery circuit breaker 120 move relative to the circuit board 130, the first connection portion 310 may detach from the first interface 410, and / or the second connection portion 320 may detach from the second interface 420. Based on this, this application proposes to fix the transition portion 330 to the circuit board 130. Optionally, based on the aforementioned embodiment 3 of this application, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment of the application, the first interface 410 is located on the side of the circuit board 130 facing the battery management device 110; The transition section 330 is mounted on the circuit board 130.
[0056] Specifically, a through hole is provided at the circuit board 130. The number of through holes can be single or multiple (multiple holes correspond to multi-pole connections, such as positive and negative poles, signal lines), and the shape can be circular or elongated. If the transition part 330 needs to be connected to the inner layer of the circuit board 130, the inside of the through hole can be metallized.
[0057] A segment of the transition portion 330 is designed as a long, thin strip or a column, which can be inserted into the through hole. The insertion method can be sliding insertion, press fit, or welding fixation. Furthermore, a segment of the first connecting portion 310 and / or the second connecting portion 320 is designed as a long, thin strip or a column, which can also be inserted into the through hole; or, further, if the transition portion 330 is welded to the first connecting portion 310 and / or the second connecting portion 320, the transition portion 330 can be inserted into the circuit board 130 before being welded to the first connecting portion 310 and / or the second connecting portion 320.
[0058] The technical effect of this application embodiment is that by passing the transition portion through the circuit board, the relative movement of the power device and / or the circuit board relative to the circuit board is absorbed, and the connection between the first connection portion and the first interface, and between the second connection portion and the second interface is suppressed, thereby improving the stability and long-term reliability of the electrical connection.
[0059] Example 5 The electronic control device also includes a housing 620 for supporting the power device 200 and a battery circuit breaker 120 arranged on the same side as the power device 200. Optionally, based on the foregoing embodiments 3 or 4 of this application, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment of the application, the electrical control device further includes: a connecting bar 500; The connector 500 is located on the side of the circuit board 130 facing the power device 200; The connecting bar 500 has a connecting post 510 on the side facing the circuit board 130. The power device 200 and the battery circuit breaker 120 arranged on the same side as the power device 200 are fixedly connected to the connecting post 510.
[0060] Specifically, the connector 500 is typically made of a conductive metal, such as copper, aluminum, nickel, or a mixture thereof. The side of the connector 500 facing the circuit board 130 has connector posts 510, which are columnar or studded protruding metal posts, and their shapes include cylindrical, hexagonal stud, or threaded columnar shapes. The number of connector posts 510 can be greater than or equal to the number of mounting holes or pads on the power device 200 and the battery circuit breaker 120. These connector posts 510 are arranged at specific intervals, and each connector post 510 corresponds to at least one mounting hole or pad on the power device 200 and the battery circuit breaker 120. The number of connecting posts 510 can also be one, that is, the connecting post 510 adopts an integrated design. Furthermore, the connecting member 510 protrudes several connecting parts towards the supported power device 200 and battery circuit breaker device 120. The connecting parts are corresponding to the mounting holes or pads on the power device 200 and battery circuit breaker device 120. The number of connecting parts is greater than or equal to the number of mounting holes or pads on the power device 200 and battery circuit breaker device 120.
[0061] The technical effect of this application is that it provides mechanical support for power devices and battery circuit breakers through the connecting bar.
[0062] Optionally, in one embodiment, based on the aforementioned embodiment 5 of this application, the connecting bus 500 is integrated into the housing 620 to form an integrally injection-molded lower housing of copper bus, providing electrical connection and mechanical fixation for the power device 200 and the battery circuit breaker device 120.
[0063] High-voltage sampling is required for the battery circuit breaker 120. Figure 5 An electrical schematic diagram of an electronic control device provided in an embodiment of this application. Optionally, as shown... Figure 5 As shown, switch K1 is the main positive relay, switch K2 is the main negative relay, switch K3 is the pre-charge relay, switch K4 is the fast-charge positive relay, switch K5 is the fast-charge negative relay, and switch K6 is the boost relay; the first output terminal 721 is the fast-charge positive output, the second output terminal 722 is the boost output, the third output terminal 723, the fourth output terminal 724, the fifth output terminal 725, and the sixth output terminal 726 together form the main positive output, the seventh output terminal 727 is the fast-charge negative output, and the eighth output terminal 728 is the main negative output; a Hall element and a fuse are sequentially installed between the battery positive terminal 731 and the first acquisition point 711, and a shunt is installed between the battery negative terminal 732 and K2 and K5.
[0064] High-voltage data is collected sequentially at the first collection point 711, the second collection point 712, the third collection point 713, the fourth collection point 714, the fifth collection point 715, the sixth collection point 716, and the seventh collection point 717. Specifically, the first collection point 711 is used to collect data from the positive electrode 731 of the battery, the second collection point 712 is used to collect data from the main positive electrode output, the third collection point 713 is used to collect data from the fast charging positive electrode output, the fourth collection point 714 is used to collect data from the boost output, the fifth collection point 715 is used to collect data from the fast charging negative electrode, the sixth collection point 716 is used to collect data from the main negative electrode output, and the seventh collection point 717 is used to collect data from the negative electrode 732 of the battery. A high-voltage disconnection will occur at the seventh collection point 717.
[0065] Example 6 Optionally, based on the aforementioned embodiment 5 of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of this application, at least a portion of the battery circuit breaker device 120 arranged on the same side as the power device 200 has a third interface 430, which is used to output voltage sampling data of the battery circuit breaker device 120. The side of the connector 500 facing the circuit board 130 also has a conductive post 520, which is electrically connected to the third interface 430.
[0066] Specifically, the third interface 430 has two forms: one is a high-voltage sampling terminal built into the component itself, and the other is a round aluminum column output by a copper busbar injected on the housing. The third interface 430 is used to output voltage sampling data of the battery circuit breaker 120. The conductive column 520 is electrically connected to the third interface 430 to realize voltage sampling of the battery circuit breaker 120. The principle is to realize real-time monitoring and output of the voltage of the circuit node where the circuit breaker is located through the voltage sampling circuit and signal transmission interface. The number of conductive columns 520 can be greater than or equal to the number of third interfaces 430. These conductive columns 520 are arranged at a specific interval, and each conductive column 520 is correspondingly set in the third interface 430. The number of conductive columns 520 can also be one, that is, the conductive column 520 adopts an integrated design. Furthermore, the conductive column 520 protrudes several conductive parts towards the third interface 430, and the conductive parts are correspondingly set in the third interface 430. The number of conductive parts is greater than or equal to the number of third interfaces 430.
[0067] The technical effect of this application embodiment is that by outputting the sampling data of the battery circuit breaker through the interface, real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis of its on / off state, contact reliability and circuit safety can be realized, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the electronic control device.
[0068] Example 7 Combining high-voltage sampling circuits with low-voltage control circuits without physical and electrical isolation can lead to high-frequency noise coupling into the control circuits. Therefore, this application aims to avoid this problem through a high-low voltage isolation design. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the high and low voltage isolation design provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 , Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the high and low voltage isolation design provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 Optionally, based on the aforementioned embodiment 6 of this application, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment of the application, the circuit board 130 has a first partition 131 and a second partition 132; A battery circuit breaker 120 with a third interface 430 is disposed on the side of the first partition 131 facing the battery management device 110, and the battery management device 110 is disposed on the side of the second partition 132 away from the battery management device 110.
[0069] Specifically Figure 6 and Figure 7 The circuit diagram shown is of the side of circuit board 130 facing the battery management device 110, in which... Figure 6 The electromagnetic shielding material was concealed. Figure 7 This demonstrates electromagnetic shielding materials. Figure 6 In the circuit board 130, the first partition 131 is located in the lower area and is used to arrange components related to high voltage / power control; the second partition 132 is located in the upper right corner area of the circuit board 130 and is used to arrange components related to signal processing, communication or main control logic.
[0070] The circuit board 130 with the third interface 430 is the circuit board 130 that requires high-voltage sampling. High-voltage sampling may affect the normal operation of the battery management device 110. Therefore, it is placed on the side of the first partition 131 facing the battery management device 110, and the battery management device 110 is placed on the side of the second partition 132 facing away from the battery management device 110. By grouping the components requiring high-voltage sampling in the lower area of the circuit board 130, it facilitates a high- and low-voltage separation design.
[0071] The technical effect of this application embodiment is that by placing the battery management device and the battery circuit breaker device with a third interface in different areas of the circuit board, high-frequency noise is avoided from being coupled to the control circuit.
[0072] Optionally, in one embodiment, based on the aforementioned embodiment 7 of this application, a high-low voltage isolation design is implemented between the first partition 131 and the second partition 132. For example, an electromagnetic shielding material is attached to the surface of the component, and the circuit board 130 after attaching the electromagnetic shielding material is as follows: Figure 7 As shown.
[0073] Optionally, in one implementation, based on the aforementioned embodiment 7 of this application, such as Figure 7 As shown in the embodiments of this application, Figure 7 Seven data collection points, V0 to V6, were also marked. V0 was used to collect data from the negative electrode 732 of the battery, V1 was used to collect data from the positive electrode 731 of the battery, V2 was used to collect data from the positive electrode output, V3 was used to collect data from the fast charging positive electrode output, V4 was used to collect data from the boost output, V5 was used to collect data from the casing 620, and V6 was used to collect data from the fast charging negative electrode output.
[0074] Example 8 During operation, the power device 200 and the battery circuit breaker 120 require cooling. Optionally, based on any one of the foregoing embodiments 5 to 7 of this application, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment of the application, the electronic control device further includes: a heat exchange component 610; The heat exchange assembly 610 is thermally connected to the side of the connecting bar 500 away from the circuit board 130.
[0075] Specifically, liquid cooling is used to dissipate heat from the power device 200 and the battery circuit breaker 120 arranged on the same side as the power device 200. The liquid cooling is achieved as follows: the heat exchange assembly 610 includes a thermal pad and a cold plate. After the battery circuit breaker 120 and the power device 200 are fixedly connected to the connecting post 510, they are on the same plane without gaps. A thermal pad is attached to the other side of the connecting post 500. After compression, the thermal pad comes into contact with the cold plate (the thermal pad will definitely be compressed; for example, if the gap between the bottom surface of the connecting post 500 and the cold plate is 2mm, then the thermal pad will be designed to be 3mm to ensure full contact with the thermal pad and thus achieve good heat dissipation), ultimately achieving liquid cooling.
[0076] Optionally, an insulating film can be applied between the connector 500 and the thermal pad to avoid insulation problems that may occur when the connector 500 is too close to the cold plate.
[0077] In related technologies, the components are electrically connected using bolts, but the internal resistance of the bolts is relatively high, reaching 50 μΩ. Alternatively, the components can be electrically connected by welding and riveting.
[0078] The technical effect of this application embodiment is that heat dissipation is achieved for the battery circuit breaker and power devices through the heat exchange component.
[0079] Example 9 Optionally, based on any one of the embodiments 5 to 8 described above, such as Figure 2As shown in the embodiment of this application, the battery management device 110 and the battery circuit breaker device 120 arranged on the same side as the battery management device 110 are soldered onto the circuit board 130. The first connecting part 310 is welded to the first interface 410, and the second connecting part 320 is welded to the second interface 420 of the power device 200 and the battery circuit breaker 120 arranged on the same side as the power device 200. The power device 200 and the battery circuit breaker 120 arranged on the same side as the power device 200 are riveted to the connecting post 510.
[0080] Specifically, the battery management device 110 and the battery circuit breaker 120 arranged on the same side as the battery management device 110 are soldered onto the circuit board 130. The soldering method can be laser soldering to achieve electrical connection and mechanical fixation. The power device 200 and the battery circuit breaker 120 arranged on the same side as the power device 200 are riveted onto the connecting post 510 to form a firm mechanical fixation.
[0081] The technical effects of this application embodiment are: welding the first connecting part to the first interface and welding the second connecting part to the second interface reduces the internal resistance of the electrical connection and improves the stability of the electrical connection; riveting the battery circuit breaker to the connecting post improves the stability of the mechanical connection.
[0082] Optionally, in one embodiment, based on the aforementioned embodiment 9 of this application, the battery management device 110 and the battery circuit breaker device 120 arranged on the same side as the battery management device 110 are laser-welded onto the circuit board 130.
[0083] Optionally, in one embodiment, based on the aforementioned embodiment 9 of this application, the circuit board 130 having the third interface 430 is laser-welded onto the conductive post 520.
[0084] The main current-carrying components of the battery circuit breaker 120 include a shunt 810, a smart fuse 820, and a relay 830.
[0085] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of shunt welding provided in an embodiment of this application. In one embodiment, based on the aforementioned embodiment 10 of this application, as follows... Figure 8 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the shunt 810 is laminated and welded. Specifically, the shunt 810 and the copper busbar 840 are overlapped, and laser welding is performed from the bottom of the copper busbar 840 upwards to achieve structural fixation.
[0086] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of intelligent fuse welding provided in an embodiment of this application. In one embodiment, based on the aforementioned embodiment 10 of this application, as follows... Figure 9As shown in the embodiment of this application, the smart fuse 820 is spliced and welded. Specifically, the smart fuse contacts bent down on both sides of the smart fuse 820 pass through the copper busbar 840 and are laser welded from the bottom of the copper busbar 840 upwards to achieve structural fixation.
[0087] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of relay welding provided in an embodiment of this application. In one embodiment, based on the aforementioned embodiment 10 of this application, as follows... Figure 10 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the relay 830 is also spliced and welded. Specifically, the contacts of the relay 830 pass through the copper busbar 840, and laser welding is performed from the bottom of the copper busbar 840 upwards to achieve structural fixation.
[0088] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of laser welding of components provided in an embodiment of this application. In one embodiment, based on the aforementioned embodiment 10 of this application, as follows... Figure 11 As shown in this embodiment, component 850 is a circuit board 130 with a third interface 430. Component 850 is soldered to the circuit board 130 via connector 300, achieving electrical connection between component 850 and circuit board 130. Component 850 is soldered to conductive post 520 via copper busbar 840, and then to connecting busbar 500, achieving high-voltage sampling of component 850. Simultaneously, the heat of component 850 is transferred to heat exchange assembly 610 via connecting busbar 500, achieving heat dissipation of component 850.
[0089] After laser welding is completed, the internal resistance of the electrical connection between the weld points can be reduced to less than 5μΩ, mainly due to the volume resistance, and the benefit of resistance is very obvious.
[0090] It should be noted that the copper busbar 840 can be the conductive post 520 in the above embodiment, or it can be an integral part of the conductive post 520 and the metal welded busbar electrically connected to the conductive post 520; the contacts welded to the copper busbar 840 can be the top output terminals, or they can be an output cylindrical structure integrally injection molded from the copper busbar.
[0091] Using the aforementioned technical means, the dimensions of the housing 620 (length, width, and height) can be limited to 319mm × 196.5mm × 96mm. This smaller size allows for compatibility with multiple functions, enabling the platform-based design of the electrical control equipment.
[0092] It should be noted that the electronic control device involved in the above embodiments can be at least one of Embodiments 1 to 9. For example, Embodiment 1 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, Embodiment 1+2 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, Embodiment 1+2+3 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, Embodiment 1+2+3+4 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, Embodiment 1+2+3+5 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, Embodiment 1+2+3+4+5 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, Embodiment 1+2+3+5+6 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, Embodiment 1+2+3+4+5+6 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and Embodiment 1+2+3+5... +6+7 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, embodiment 1+2+3+4+5+6+7 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, embodiment 1+2+3+5+8 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, embodiment 1+2+3+4+5+8 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, embodiment 1+2+3+5+6+8 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, embodiment 1+2+3+5+6+7+8 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, embodiment 1+2+3+4 +5+6+7+8 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, embodiment 1+2+3+5+9 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, embodiment 1+2+3+4+5+9 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, embodiment 1+2+3+5+6+9 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, embodiment 1+2+3+4+5+6+9 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, embodiment 1+2+3+5+6+7+9 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, embodiment 1+2+3+4+5+6+7+9 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, embodiment 1 +2+3+5+8+9 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, 1+2+3+4+5+8+9 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, 1+2+3+5+6+8+9 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, 1+2+3+4+5+6+8+9 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, 1+2+3+5+6+7+8+9 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, 1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and so on, but not limited to these, and will not be exemplified here.
[0093] Example 10 This application also provides an electrical device, including: an electrical control device as described in the above embodiments.
[0094] Based on any one of the aforementioned embodiments 1 to 9 of this application, the electrical equipment provided in this application embodiment integrates the aforementioned electrical control device as its core electrical control component.
[0095] This electronic control device can directly provide battery management, safety protection, and power adaptation support for electrical equipment, ensuring that the equipment can operate stably and safely using battery power.
[0096] Electrical equipment typically includes new energy vehicles, energy storage devices, power tools, smart home appliances, and other product types that rely on battery power and require precise electrical control management.
[0097] Since the electrical equipment includes the aforementioned electrical control device, it also possesses the technical problems, technical means, and technical effects of the aforementioned electrical control device, and will not be further described in the embodiments of this application.
[0098] Other components and operations of the electrical control device and electrical equipment according to the embodiments of this utility model are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.
[0099] It should be noted that the electrical equipment involved in the above embodiments can be based on at least one of embodiments 1 to 9. For example, embodiments 1+10, 1+2+10, 1+2+3+10, 1+2+3+4+10, 1+2+3+5+10, 1+2+3+4+5+10, 1+2+3+5+6+10, and 1+2+3+4+5+6+10 can all be implemented as independent embodiments. 3+5+6+7+10 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. Embodiment 1+2+3+4+5+6+7+10 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. Embodiment 1+2+3+5+8+10 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. Embodiment 1+2+3+4+5+8+10 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. Embodiment 1+2+3+5+6+8+10 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. Embodiment 1+2+3+5+6+7+8+10 can be implemented as an independent embodiment. Examples 3+4+5+6+7+8+10 can be implemented as independent embodiments, and examples 1+2+3+5+9+10 can be implemented as independent embodiments. Examples 1+2+3+5+8+9+10 can be implemented as independent embodiments, examples 1+2+3+4+5+8+9+10 can be implemented as independent embodiments, examples 1+2+3+5+6+8+9+10 can be implemented as independent embodiments, examples 1+2+3+4+5+6+8+9+10 can be implemented as independent embodiments, examples 1+2+3+5+6+7+8+9+10 can be implemented as independent embodiments, examples 1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10 can be implemented as independent embodiments, and so on, but are not limited to these, and will not be exemplified here.
[0100] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0101] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An electronic control device, characterized in that, include: Control components (100) and power devices (200); The control component (100) includes: a battery management device (110), a battery circuit breaker (120), and a circuit board (130). The power device (200) is disposed on one side of the circuit board (130) and is electrically connected to the circuit board (130); The battery management device (110) is disposed on the other side of the circuit board (130) and is electrically connected to the circuit board (130); The battery circuit breaker (120) is disposed on at least one side of the circuit board (130) and is electrically connected to the circuit board (130).
2. The electronic control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Connector (300); The circuit board (130) has a first interface (410), the power device (200) and the battery circuit breaker (120) arranged on the same side as the power device (200) have a second interface (420), one end of the connector (300) is electrically connected to the first interface (410), and the other end of the connector (300) is electrically connected to the second interface (420).
3. The electronic control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connector (300) includes: a first connecting part (310), a second connecting part (320) and a transition part (330), wherein the first connecting part (310) and the second connecting part (320) are fixed to both ends of the transition part (330); The first connecting part (310) is disposed on the side of the circuit board (130) facing the first interface (410), the first connecting part (310) is electrically connected to the first interface (410), and the second connecting part (320) is electrically connected to the second interface (420); One end of the transition portion (330) is electrically connected to the first connecting portion (310), and the other end of the transition portion (330) is electrically connected to the second connecting portion (320).
4. The electronic control device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first interface (410) is located on the side of the circuit board (130) facing the battery management device (110); The transition portion (330) is mounted on the circuit board (130).
5. The electronic control device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, Also includes: Connecting bar (500); The connecting bar (500) is located on the side of the circuit board (130) facing the power device (200); The connecting bar (500) has a connecting post (510) on the side facing the circuit board (130), and the power device (200) and the battery circuit breaker (120) arranged on the same side as the power device (200) are fixedly connected to the connecting post (510).
6. The electronic control device according to claim 5, characterized in that, At least a portion of the battery circuit breaker (120) arranged on the same side as the power device (200) has a third interface (430) for outputting voltage sampling data of the battery circuit breaker (120); The connecting bar (500) also has a conductive post (520) on the side facing the circuit board (130), and the conductive post (520) is electrically connected to the third interface (430).
7. The electronic control device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The circuit board (130) has a first partition (131) and a second partition (132); The battery circuit breaker (120) having the third interface (430) is disposed on the side of the first partition (131) facing the battery management device (110), and the battery management device (110) is disposed on the side of the second partition (132) away from the battery management device (110).
8. The electronic control device according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, Also includes: Heat exchanger assembly (610); The heat exchange assembly (610) is thermally connected to the side of the connecting bar (500) away from the circuit board (130).
9. The electronic control device according to any one of claims 5-8, characterized in that, The battery management device (110) and the battery circuit breaker device (120) arranged on the same side as the battery management device (110) are soldered onto the circuit board (130); The first connecting part (310) is welded to the first interface (410), and the second connecting part (320) is welded to the second interface (420) of the power device (200) and the battery circuit breaker (120) arranged on the same side as the power device (200); The power device (200) and the battery circuit breaker (120) arranged on the same side as the power device (200) are riveted to the connecting post (510).
10. Electrical equipment, characterized in that, include: The electronic control device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.