Valve device with a flow device

Abstract

Valve device for a fluid with at least one inlet area (P) and a first and second outlet area (A, T), which can be fluidically connected to each other via two coupled poppet valves (23, 24), wherein a fluid inlet from the inlet area (P) to the first and second outlet area (A, T) can be adjusted via the first poppet valve (23) and a fluid outlet between the first and second outlet area (A, T) can be adjusted via the second poppet valve (24) and the second poppet valve (24) is designed as a conical poppet valve with a conical closing element (241), and wherein a flow guidance device (28) is arranged upstream of the second poppet valve (24) arranged between the first and the second outlet area (A, T), which is designed such that it imparts a swirl to the fluid flowing towards the second poppet valve (24),wherein the closing element (241) of the second seat valve (24) has a cone angle (GAMMA) of 60° ± 10° and the flow guidance device (28) has a first region (28A) with several separate channel regions (281) designed such that they impart a swirl to the fluid flowing towards the second seat valve (24), and wherein the flow guidance device (28) has a second region (28B) with a downstream narrowing and rotationally symmetrical interior space (I) designed such that the fluid swirled by the first region (28A) is directed to the second seat valve (24), characterized in that the first and second regions (28A, 28B) are each a component and at least one of these components (28A, 28B) has a conical surface (A1, A2) designed such thatthat it aligns the component of the first area (28A) with the component of the second area (28B) in at least one radial axis of the flow guidance device (28) in a predefined manner.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a valve device for a fluid, in particular a pressure regulating valve device, according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] In multi-stage automatic transmissions familiar from practical applications, switching elements designed as wet clutches or brakes are used to engage different gear ratios between a transmission input shaft and a transmission output shaft. Depending on the desired gear ratio, the switching elements are opened or closed. The required pressure force for this is usually applied to each switching element by a hydraulically actuated clutch piston, which is supplied with hydraulic fluid via switching element valves, also called pressure reducing valves. These pressure reducing valves are either themselves designed as proportional pressure control valves or are actuated by a hydraulic pilot control system, in which case the hydraulic pressure required for pilot control is set by a proportional pressure control valve.In such a proportional pressure control valve, a magnetic force is generated depending on the current, and a specific, predictable working pressure is established at the valve based on this force. This pressure can be measured at a discharge point of the valve and results from the ratio between the magnetic force (action force) and a return force of the valve acting against the magnetic force (reaction force).

[0003] Modern proportional pressure control valves, such as the one disclosed in WO 2005 / 026 858 A1, have two poppet valves coupled in a hydraulic half-bridge configuration. This means they have an inlet area and two outlet areas, with a first poppet valve positioned between the inlet area and the first outlet area, and a second poppet valve positioned between the first outlet area and the second outlet area. The poppet valves are designed and their closing elements are coupled such that, in their end positions, the closing elements alternately close and open the poppet valves.

[0004] To reduce flow resistance and increase the dynamic control capability of a transmission switching element controlled by the pressure control valve, WO 2005 / 026 858 A1 proposes a flow guidance device, in detail a jet deflector, between the first and second discharge area, which deflects a fluid flow leading from the first seat valve to the second seat valve by less than 30°.

[0005] Furthermore, WO 2009 / 092 488 A1 discloses the provision of such a flow guidance device with several channel sections in such a way that the fluid flowing towards the second seat valve is set into a swirl, thereby increasing valve dynamics and reducing valve leakage.

[0006] In these pressure control valves known from the prior art, inlet or outlet pressure fluctuations, which are generated, for example, by pump pressure fluctuations or slip-stick effects in the switching elements of a vehicle transmission, can affect the closing elements of the seat valves almost unhindered, making it difficult to set a working pressure that can be tapped at the valve.

[0007] The object of the invention is therefore to provide a valve device that is insensitive to pressure fluctuations.

[0008] This problem is solved by a pressure regulating valve device with the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments thereof are described in the dependent claims.

[0009] Accordingly, a valve device, in particular a pressure regulating valve device, for a fluid is proposed, comprising at least one inlet area and a first and second outlet area, which can be fluidically connected to one another via two coupled poppet valves. The first poppet valve allows for an adjustable fluid inlet from the inlet area to the first and second outlet areas, and the second poppet valve allows for an adjustable fluid outlet between the first and second outlet areas. The second poppet valve is designed as a conical poppet valve with a conical closing element. Upstream of the second poppet valve, which is located between the first and second outlet areas, a flow guide is arranged, designed to impart a swirl to the fluid flowing towards the second poppet valve.The twist can, in particular, be a twist around a longitudinal or angular axis of the closing element of the second seat valve. It is intended that the closing element of the second seat valve has a cone angle of 60° ± 10°.

[0010] Within the scope of the invention, it was found that the type and shape of the second seat valve have a surprisingly large influence on the sensitivity of the valve device to pressure fluctuations. Other influencing factors, such as the length and diameter of the flow guide, the inlet angle of the fluid flow into the flow guide, the surface properties of the flow guide (roughness, material / coating), etc., as well as viscosity, density, surface tension, and the tendency of the fluid flowing through the valve device to adhere to pressure fluctuations, also play a role, but a subordinate one compared to the type and shape of the second seat valve.

[0011] Upon closer examination, it has been found that a valve assembly with the inventive design of the second seat valve and its closing element, i.e., as a conical seat valve with a cone angle of approximately 60° (degree measurement), exhibits exceptionally good flow characteristics with regard to insensitivity to pressure fluctuations. At the same time, such a valve assembly shows very low leakage, i.e., the amount of fluid flowing through the second valve assembly during operation is very small. Even better results can be achieved with a cone angle of 60° ± 5°. The cone angle refers specifically to the angle of the conical closing element in the region of the valve seat of the second seat valve, i.e., in particular, in the area where the closing element rests against the corresponding valve seat of the second seat valve when the latter is closed.

[0012] The valve seat preferably has a bearing surface corresponding to the closing element, against which the conical closing element rests when the valve seat is closed. This means that the valve seat of the second poppet valve has a conical sealing surface (= bearing surface) corresponding to the closing element, which has the same cone angle as the closing element. This can result in improved valve dynamics, since a vacuum forms in the gap between the valve seat and the closing element when fluid flows through, which exerts a force on the closing element in the direction of the valve seat (= closing direction).

[0013] The coupling of the two poppet valves for the flow-related connection of the inlet area and the two outlet areas is configured such that they open and close in opposite directions. This corresponds to the hydraulic half-bridge circuit mentioned earlier. The poppet valves can be actuated, for example, by a pushrod that actuates both poppet valves simultaneously.

[0014] In a further development, the flow guidance device comprises a first section. This section has several separate channel sections designed to impart a swirl to the fluid flowing towards the second seat valve. The flow guidance device also includes a second section with an internal chamber. This chamber narrows downstream and is essentially rotationally symmetrical. It is further designed to direct the fluid swirled by the first section to the second seat valve.

[0015] In a first embodiment thereof, which is also applicable to a valve device with only the features of the preamble of claim 1, the ratio between the diameter of the interior at the outlet openings of the channel sections (into the interior) and the minimum diameter of the interior at the second seat valve is 1.5 + / - 0.1. This means that, starting from the diameter at the outlet openings of the channel sections (from here the fluid flows freely and with swirling motion to the second seat valve), the interior narrows by approximately 33% to the narrowest point of the interior.This increases the swirl velocity of the fluid flow as it approaches the second poppet valve (by reducing the moment of inertia of the fluid flow, essentially while maintaining the existing kinetic energy of the flow) to such an extent that the fluid flow in the region of the second poppet valve assumes a thin-film conical or bell shape due to centrifugal force and on its own. This causes the fluid to flow in a thin film around the closing element of the second poppet valve or to adhere to this closing element in a particularly flow-optimized tangential manner. The transmission of pressure fluctuations within the fluid flow to the closing element is thus largely prevented.

[0016] In a second embodiment, which can be an alternative or additional to the first embodiment of the valve device described above, the constriction angle of the interior at a downstream end of the narrowing interior is 45° ± 10° (degrees). The constriction angle refers specifically to the angle of the interior wall that causes the downstream narrowing of the interior, essentially a (negative) slope angle of this wall. In particular, the interior is concave, with a continuously increasing constriction downstream. This ensures that the fluid flow is guided smoothly and continuously downstream along the interior wall. Due to the constriction angle of approximately 45°, a particularly smooth flow is achieved when the second seat valve is open.This essentially results in a stepless transition of the fluid flow from the flow guide to the closing element of the second poppet valve, promoting the tangential, thin-film application of the fluid flow to the closing element. Thus, in the area of ​​the second poppet valve, the fluid flow adheres to the closing element of the second poppet valve largely without deflection, and the transmission of pressure fluctuations in the fluid to parts of the valve assembly is largely avoided. Even better results can be achieved with a constriction angle of 45° + / - 5°.

[0017] In a third embodiment, which can be an alternative or additional to the first and / or second embodiment of the valve device mentioned above, the ratio between the axial length of the constricting interior and the minimum diameter of the interior in the second poppet valve is 0.6 to 0.8. The axial length of the constricting interior extends, in particular, from the outlet openings of the channel sections of the flow guide (into the interior) to the area of ​​the interior where it has its smallest diameter. It has been shown that this results in improved damping of pressure fluctuations in the fluid flow while maintaining low leakage.

[0018] According to the invention, the first and second sections of the flow guidance device are each designed as a single component. At least one of these components has a substantially conical, i.e., frustoconical, surface designed to align the component of the first section with the component of the second section in at least one radial axis of the flow guidance device. This radial axis can be understood to be, in particular, an axis that runs perpendicular to the axis of rotational symmetry of the interior of the flow guidance device. Specifically, the component of the first section has radial play and is only fixed and aligned radially upon contact with the first component via the surface provided for this purpose. This results in automatic alignment of the two components with each other during assembly of the valve device.Since the alignment of these components relative to each other is essential for the quality and effectiveness of the generated swirl flow, it is advantageous if as few components as possible can influence their alignment – ​​this is ensured by such a design of the flow guidance device. In particular, both components have cone / truncated cone-shaped surfaces that correspond to define the relative position of the components to each other.

[0019] The first, second, third, and fourth embodiments described above are used, in particular individually, in pairs, in threes, or all together, in the valve device according to claim 1. In particular, the swirl / fluid flow generated by the first, second, and / or third embodiment of the flow guidance device corresponds particularly well with the 60° conical angle closing element of the second seat valve; that is, this results in particularly low transmission of pressure fluctuations from the fluid flow to the closing element, and also achieves good damping of pressure fluctuations in the fluid flow.

[0020] In principle, the first, second, third, and / or fourth versions of the flow control device can also be used in a valve assembly where the cone angle of the closing element of the second seat valve is not equal to 60° + / - 10°, or where the closing element is spherical (second seat valve = ball seat valve). However, the respective advantageous effect described (i.e., reduced impact of pressure fluctuations, better damping of pressure fluctuations) is then less pronounced.

[0021] Consequently, the invention can also relate to a valve device, in particular a pressure regulating valve device, with at least one inlet area and a first and second outlet area, which can be fluidically connected to one another via two coupled poppet valves, wherein a fluid inlet from the inlet area to the first and second outlet area can be adjusted via the first poppet valve and a fluid outlet between the first and second outlet area can be adjusted via the second poppet valve, and wherein the second poppet valve is in particular designed as a conical poppet valve with a conical closing element, and wherein a flow guiding device is arranged upstream of the second poppet valve located between the first and second outlet areas, which is designed such that it imparts a swirl to the fluid flowing towards the second poppet valve, wherein the flow guiding device has a first area,with several separate channel sections designed to impart a swirl to the fluid flowing towards the second seat valve, and wherein the flow guidance device has a second section with a downstream narrowing and substantially rotationally symmetrical interior, designed to direct the fluid swirled by the first section to the second seat valve, and wherein, • a ratio between the diameter of the interior at the outlet openings of the channel areas and the minimum diameter of the interior at the second seat valve is 1.5 + / - 0.1, and / or • the angle of narrowing of the interior space at a downstream end of the interior space is 45° + / - 10°, and / or • a ratio between the axial length of the narrowing interior and the minimum diameter of the interior at the second seat valve is 0.6 to 0.8, and / or • the first and second areas are each a component and at least one of these components has a substantially conical surface designed in such a way that it aligns the component of the first area to the component of the second area in at least one radial axis of the flow guidance device in a predefined manner.

[0022] In a further development of the valve device, the first poppet valve is designed as a valve orifice with a valve opening and a valve control edge, as well as a spherical closing element that interacts with the valve control edge. The valve opening and the spherical closing element are designed such that the ratio of the diameter of the valve opening to the diameter of the spherical closing element is at least 0.75 or greater. Accordingly, the valve opening is designed as a circular opening. In this context, "circular" and "spherical" are to be understood as meaning that the opening and the closing element are essentially circular or spherical, respectively. This is the case, for example, when their roundness is within the range of standard manufacturing tolerances.

[0023] Especially in the low-load range of a powershift automatic transmission, such as during coasting downshifts, the inherent inlet pressure dependency of the pressure control valves can be perceived as particularly disruptive, as described earlier. This is especially true when inlet pressure fluctuations, particularly pressure drops, occur in these load conditions, resulting in setpoint deviations that, via clutch valve ratios, cause unacceptable shifting behavior. To optimize the behavior of the pressure control valves, especially at low control pressures and significant inlet pressure drops, so that only minimal setpoint deviations occur and the shifting quality remains virtually unaffected, it was recognized that, given the inlet orifice geometry—namely, the diameter and shape—the size of the closing element is not entirely free of feedback due to flow forces.Thus, there is an influence on the control pressure that depends to some extent on the geometry of the closing element.

[0024] It was found that the described influence on the control pressure can be minimized if, according to the invention, the ratio of the valve opening diameter to the ball diameter of the closing element is at least 0.75 or greater. Naturally, this ratio must remain less than 1 within the tolerances for the ball diameter and the valve opening diameter so that the closing element can reliably seat on the valve control edge when a complete closure of the pressure control valve device is regulated, without fully penetrating the valve opening.

[0025] Particularly preferably, in the closed state of the first seat valve, the ratio of the immersion depth of the spherical closing element in the valve opening to the diameter of the spherical closing element is 0.2 or greater. This results in a ratio of the valve opening diameter to the ball diameter of approximately 0.8 or more. This is advantageous to manufacture and optimally solves the aforementioned problem, namely, to provide significantly improved insensitivity to pressure fluctuations. For these reasons, a diameter ratio of 0.8 is particularly preferred.

[0026] In another further development of the valve device, a further, second flow guiding device is arranged upstream of the first seat valve in the inlet area, which imposes a predetermined flow characteristic on the incoming fluid in the area of ​​the first seat valve.

[0027] It has been found that such a pressure regulating valve device, designed with a flow guidance device arranged upstream of the first seat valve in the inlet area, is less sensitive to pressure fluctuations from the inlet area, i.e. an inlet side and from the first outlet area, i.e. a working pressure connection, than the pressure regulating valve device known from the aforementioned prior art.

[0028] Furthermore, in valves known from the prior art, the flow characteristics of the fluid entering the first poppet valve are unpredictably dependent on a multitude of parameters, in particular on the fluid pressure, the fluid flow velocity, and the design of the fluid system upstream of the pressure control valve device (pipe diameter, pipe routing, etc.), which means that the flow characteristics of the fluid entering the valve are subject to strong fluctuations. As a result, it can happen that identical pressure control valve devices, installed in different fluid systems under the same operating conditions (pressure level, fluid temperature, etc.), exhibit different control characteristics.For example, a pressure control valve device in a shift device of an automatic transmission may have a different control characteristic than an identical pressure control valve device in a shift device of an automated manual transmission, which is due to the different designs of the fluid systems located upstream of the pressure control valve device.

[0029] The proposed measures impose a predetermined fluid characteristic on the fluid flow, in particular a flow direction and / or flow velocity (flow field). This means that the previously unpredictable characteristics of the fluid flowing into the valve device are guided into known, stabilized paths by the proposed second flow control device. In particular, pressure fluctuations are smoothed out or guided in such a way that they have no effect, or only a marginal effect, on the valve device.

[0030] By propagating the flow stabilized by the second flow guidance device downstream of the first seat valve, excitations or disturbances, in particular pressure fluctuations, which enter the valve device from the first outlet area of ​​the valve device, i.e. the working pressure connection, are smoothed out, thus advantageously preventing them from propagating upstream of the pressure regulating valve device or limiting their propagation.

[0031] The second flow guidance device preferably comprises at least one or more guide vanes, flow guidance channels, or other flow guidance elements in the inlet area. The second flow guidance device is specifically designed such that the fluid flowing in from the inlet area is guided essentially around the closing element of the first poppet valve. Pressure fluctuations in the fluid flow no longer directly impact the closing element perpendicularly, thus reducing its excitation and improving the control performance of the valve device.

[0032] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the pressure regulating valve device, the second flow guidance device is designed such that a swirl is imposed on the incoming fluid in the region of the first poppet valve, in particular a swirl flow around a longitudinal or axis of movement of the closing element of the first poppet valve. Thus, the flow characteristic defined by the second flow guidance device corresponds to the swirl flow. This effectively dampens excitations / disturbances entering the valve device from the inlet area or the first outlet area. Such a swirl flow is particularly stable and absorbs excitations / disturbances in a dampening manner. A longitudinal or axis of movement of a closing element is understood here to be, in particular, an axis along which the closing element of the respective poppet valve is movable for opening and closing the poppet valve.

[0033] By guiding the flow towards the first seat valve using the second flow guidance device, particularly in the form of a swirl flow, the flow resistance of the first seat valve is reduced, which is essentially due to a reduction in the turbulent flow components in the incoming fluid, resulting in lower (pressure) vibration excitation.

[0034] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the valve device, the two flow-guiding devices are designed such that the swirl of the fluid flow through the first poppet valve and the swirl of the fluid flow through the second poppet valve have the same direction of rotation. It has been shown that the effects of increased valve dynamics and reduced valve leakage are enhanced when both flow-guiding devices are designed such that the direction of rotation of the fluid flow through the first poppet valve corresponds to the direction of rotation of the fluid flow through the second poppet valve. The two flow-guiding devices can have an analogous mechanical design.

[0035] In a further embodiment of the valve device, the second flow guidance device has at least one, preferably several, flow guidance channels which open into the inlet area at least approximately tangentially to a poppet opening of the first poppet valve. In other words, the flow guidance channel(s) open into the inlet area laterally offset from the poppet opening to impart the flow characteristics. This guides the fluid flow with low friction, essentially tangentially around the closing element of the first poppet valve. This promotes the formation of a fluid flow in the form of a thin film along the closing element through the first poppet valve. Preferably, the flow guidance channels converge in a funnel shape downstream towards the poppet opening, in particular such that the fluid is accelerated with increasing proximity to the poppet opening (conservation of angular momentum).If only one flow guidance channel is provided, it tapers downstream towards the opening of the seat valve in a funnel shape. Preferably, the funnel shape has an opening angle of 40° to 80°, particularly preferably 60° ±10°, with respect to a longitudinal or axis of movement of the closing element of the first seat valve. The funnel shape can also be rounded, in particular convex or concave. In this case, the opening angle corresponds in particular to a mean slope angle of the funnel shape or a slope angle at the downstream end of the funnel shape, in each case with respect to the longitudinal or axis of movement of the closing element. The flow guidance channel(s) can also each be designed in the form of a helix. Preferably, the helix then runs concentrically or eccentrically around the longitudinal or axis of movement of the closing element.Instead of or in addition to the helical shape, the flow guidance channels can spiral towards the seat valve opening, i.e., they lead downstream towards the seat valve opening in a decreasing radius.

[0036] In a further development of the valve device, the width or diameter of the flow guide channel(s), i.e., their flow cross-section, decreases with increasing proximity to a longitudinal or movement axis of the closing element of the first poppet valve. In particular, a fluid inlet opening or cross-section through which fluid flows into the respective flow guide channel has a larger through-area than a fluid outlet opening or surface through which fluid flows out of the respective flow guide channel and which is located closer to the longitudinal or movement axis than the inlet opening or cross-section. This results in a decrease in the fluid velocity in the flow guide channels with increasing proximity to the longitudinal or movement axis.The axis of movement is increased, thus moving towards the valve opening of the first seat valve, resulting in a faster and more stable fluid flow downstream of the flow guidance channels in the area and downstream of the first seat valve.

[0037] In one embodiment of the pressure regulating valve device, a cross-section of the flow-guiding channels on a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal or axis of motion of the first seat valve is propeller-shaped, or at least substantially propeller-shaped. In other words, the flow-guiding channels each form propeller-blade-shaped recesses or channels, with at least one opening for fluid outlet towards the first valve seat located at the base of each propeller blade. This opening can extend over the entire axial length of each flow-guiding channel or be located only in the region of the valve opening of the first seat valve. To generate a swirling flow, the outlet opening of each flow-guiding channel is preferably laterally offset from the longitudinal or axis of motion, i.e., it points substantially tangentially past the longitudinal or axis of motion.In particular, the outlet opening is designed such that the fluid leaves the flow guide channels tangentially, or at least approximately tangentially, with respect to the valve opening of the first seat valve. The propeller shape of the flow guide channels preferably corresponds to or resembles the propeller shape of a marine or aircraft propeller, for example, a boat, ship, or aircraft propeller, but is not limited to this. The propeller blade shape can also essentially correspond to or resemble the shape of a clover leaf (for example, Quadrifolium pratense).

[0038] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the valve device, it features a proportional electromagnet, i.e., an electromagnet with an armature whose position can be changed depending on an electric current supplied to the electromagnet. The armature serves to move the two coupled closing elements of the first and second poppet valves. This allows the pressure at / measurable at the first outlet area to be precisely adjusted or regulated based on the supplied electric current. The proposed valve device is further preferably designed as a hydraulic pressure regulating valve, in particular as a hydraulic pressure regulating valve for a vehicle transmission.One application of the valve device is, in particular, in a hydraulically operated gearshift device for engaging different gear ratios in a multi-stage automatic transmission or automated manual transmission in a vehicle, although this is not the only area of ​​application. Applications outside the automotive sector are also conceivable, for example in stationary hydraulic systems or mobile work equipment.

[0039] The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to examples and drawings, from which further advantageous embodiments and features of the invention can be derived. These show, in schematic representation, Fig. 1 a two-dimensional section through a valve device along a longitudinal axis; Fig. 1a an enlarged illustration of a section from Fig. 1; Fig. 2 an isometric section through a valve part of a valve device according to Fig. 1 along a longitudinal axis; Fig. 2a an enlarged illustration of a section from Fig. 2 with an alternative design of a valve opening of the first seat valve; Fig. 3a - 3e Sectional views of alternative second flow guidance devices along a section plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the valve device;

[0040] In the Fig. 1 to 3 are identical or at least functionally equivalent components, each with the same reference numerals.

[0041] Fig. Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a valve assembly designed as a proportional pressure control valve. The valve assembly essentially consists of an electromagnet part 1, i.e., an actuator, and a valve part 2, whose housings 11 and 21 are rigidly connected to each other. The electromagnet part 1 has an electromagnet, comprising at least an electric solenoid coil 12 arranged in the housing 11, a magnetic yoke 13 fixed relative to the solenoid coil 12, and an armature 14 movable with respect to the solenoid coil 12 and the magnetic yoke 13. In the illustrated case, the armature 14 is designed in three parts and comprises an armature rod 141, an armature body 142, and a non-stick disc 143 made of a non-magnetic material, for example, aluminum. Other suitable armature designs / types are applicable.The optional non-stick disc 143 prevents the armature 14 from magnetically sticking when the magnet coil 12 is switched from a powered to a de-energized state.

[0042] The position of the armature 14 in the de-energized state of the solenoid coil 12 is determined within the electromagnet section by means of two elastic spring elements 15, here exemplary compression helical springs. A preload of the spring element 15 facing away from the valve section 2 (in Fig. The position of the electromagnet (1 above) is adjustable by a preload element 16. This element can be pressed in, as in the illustrated case, with the preload being adjusted depending on the press-in depth, or it can be screwed in, with the preload being adjusted depending on the screw-in depth. Attached to the housing 11 of the electromagnet part 1 is an electrical contact device 17, which is electrically connected to the magnetic coil 12 and through which the magnetic coil 12 can be energized.

[0043] The magnetic yoke 13 has a step 131 with a magnetic control edge 132 on an end face facing the armature 14. The design of the magnetic control edge 132, here in the form of a cone, allows for precise adjustment of the magnetic force acting on the armature 14 for the respective applied electric current and the respective position of the armature 14. Preferably, however, the magnetic control edge 132 is designed such that the applied magnetic force is proportional to the current supplied to the magnetic coil 12, largely independent of the position of the armature 14 relative to the magnetic yoke 13 (proportional electromagnet).

[0044] Attached to the electromagnetic part 1, the valve device includes the valve part 2. This part has an optional filter basket 22 mounted on the housing 21. Seals are arranged on the filter basket 22, which fluid-tightly separate an inlet area P, a first outlet area A, and a second outlet area T of the valve device from one another. The inlet area P, also called the pressure supply connection, is located on an axial end face of the valve device, while the first outlet area A, also called the working pressure connection, and the second outlet area T, also called the tank connection, are arranged radially to the longitudinal axis L. However, by means of a suitably designed channel layout within the valve part 2, the arrangement of the inlet area P and the first and second outlet areas A and T can also be reversed. A preferred flow direction of the fluid from or to theinto the inlet area P as well as the first and second outlet areas A, T is in . Fig. 1 indicated by arrows.

[0045] The valve part 2 has inside the housing 21 a first seat valve 23 and a second seat valve 24, through which the inlet area P, the first outlet area A and the second outlet area T can be fluidically connected. This allows a pressure level in the first outlet area A to be specifically adjusted.

[0046] The first poppet valve 23 has a closing element 231 movable along a longitudinal axis of the first poppet valve 23, in the illustrated case in the form of a ball, and the second poppet valve 24 also has a closing element 241 movable along a longitudinal axis of the second poppet valve 24. This closing element has a conical shape. The second poppet valve 24 is accordingly designed as a conical poppet valve. The longitudinal axes or axes of movement of the poppet valves 23, 24 correspond here to the longitudinal axis L of the pressure regulating valve device. By using suitable deflection means, the longitudinal or axes of movement of the two poppet valves 23, 24 can also be different from each other and, for example, be parallel or skewed towards each other. The corresponding counterpart to the closing element 231 is a valve orifice 232 that is stationary with respect to the closing element 231.This valve has a control edge 233 (valve seat) against which the closing element 231 rests in the closed state shown, thus largely sealing the first poppet valve 23, specifically a valve opening 234 of the first poppet valve 23, against fluid. A first effective valve opening area, which forms between the closing element 231 and the control edge 233 when the first poppet valve 23 opens, determines the amount of fluid flowing through the first poppet valve 23 and the pressure drop across the first poppet valve 23, thereby influencing the pressure present at or detectable from the first outlet area A. The corresponding counterpart of the closing element 241 of the second poppet valve 24 is also a valve orifice 242, which, however, has a conical control surface 243 (valve seat) instead of a control edge.The closing element 241 rests against the control surface 243 when the second seat valve 24 is closed, thereby largely sealing the second seat valve 24, specifically a valve opening 244 of the second seat valve 24, in a fluid-tight manner. A second effective valve opening area, which forms between the closing element 241 and the control surface 243 when the second seat valve 24 opens, determines the amount of fluid flowing out through the second seat valve 24 and the resulting fluid pressure drop there, which also influences the pressure present at or detectable from the first outlet area A.

[0047] Since the fluid flowing through the second poppet valve 24 is generally directed into a fluid reservoir, the amount of fluid flowing through the second poppet valve 24 is often referred to as leakage. In the illustrated configuration of the pressure control valve device, the closing element 231 of the first poppet valve 23 is located upstream of the valve opening 234, and the closing element 241 of the second poppet valve 24 is located downstream of the valve opening 244. To achieve the lowest possible sensitivity to pressure fluctuations, the closing element 241 of the second poppet valve 24, i.e., its conical shape, has a cone angle (angle GAMMA) of approximately 60°. This corresponds to a cone angle of 60° ± 10°, but preferably ± 5°, to achieve good or particularly good pressure insensitivity. The conical control surface 243 accordingly has the same cone angle.

[0048] It is clear to those skilled in the art that the first poppet valve 23, in detail its closing element 231 and the corresponding valve orifices 232, can also be designed in another suitable way. For example, it can be designed as a conical poppet valve with a conical closing element 231 analogous to the second poppet valve 24 shown. Likewise, the first poppet valve 23 can be designed as a flat poppet valve. In the case shown, the first poppet valve 23 has a control edge 233 against which the closing element 231 rests in the closed state, i.e., there is essentially linear contact between the closing element 231 and the valve orifice 232, while the second poppet valve 24 has a control surface 24 against which the closing element 241 rests in the closed state, i.e., there is essentially planar contact between the closing element 241 and the valve orifice 242.It is clear that the seat valves 23, 24 can also be designed such that both or one of the two seat valves 23, 24 have a planar contact or a line contact between the closing element 231, 241 and the valve orifice 232, 242. To generate a planar contact, the respective valve orifice has a control surface complementary to the surface shape of the closing element, and to represent a line contact, the valve orifice has a control edge complementary to the surface shape of the closing element.

[0049] The closing elements 231, 241 of the seat valves 23, 24 are actuated by means of a pushrod 25 movable along the longitudinal axis L. At least the closing element 241 of the first seat valve 24 is connected to this pushrod. This connection can be either fixed (as shown) or flexible, achieved by means of an interposed elastic element, for example, a spring assembly arranged between the closing element 241 and the pushrod 25. The closing element 231 can either also be connected to the pushrod 25 in this way or be completely separate from the pushrod 25, in which case the pushrod 25 merely pushes the closing element 231 away from the valve orifice 232 to open the first seat valve 23, thereby releasing the valve opening 234. The closing of the first seat valve 23, with the closing element 231 being loose with respect to the pushrod 25, is effected exclusively by the pressure of the fluid flowing in from the inlet area P.The pushrod 25 couples the closing elements 231 and 241 in such a way that the poppet valves 23 and 24 can only be actuated alternately. This means, on the one hand, that if the first poppet valve 23 is opened, the second poppet valve 24 is closed, and on the other hand, that if the first poppet valve 23 is closed, the second poppet valve 24 can be opened. The arrangement and coupling of the poppet valves 23 and 24 thus corresponds to a hydraulic half-bridge circuit.

[0050] The pushrod 25 penetrates the magnetic yoke 13 and rests against an end face of the armature 14 facing the valve part 2. It can alternatively be rigidly connected to the armature 14 or via an elastic element, for example, a spring assembly. The opening through which the pushrod 25 penetrates the magnetic yoke 13 is preferably fluid-tight and designed to guide the pushrod 25. A magnetically induced axial movement of the armature 14 towards the valve part 2 is thus directly transmitted to the pushrod, causing it to move and thereby opening the first poppet valve 23 and closing the second poppet valve 24. Essentially, a spring force of the spring element 15 located in the direction of the valve part 2 and a fluid pressure force acting on the closing body 231 cause an increasing counterforce against the magnetic force with increasing deflection of the armature 14 and the pushrod 25.Thus, the first poppet valve 23 opens only as far as, and the second poppet valve 24 closes only as far as, a force equilibrium is established between the magnetic force and the opposing force. Depending on the opening widths of the poppet valves 23 and 24, a specific fluid pressure develops in the first outlet area A, which is below the fluid pressure at the inlet area P and above the fluid pressure at the second outlet area T. The fluid pressure in the second outlet area T generally corresponds to atmospheric pressure, as it is normally connected to a fluid reservoir at atmospheric pressure.Since the magnetic force acting on the armature 14 depends on the strength of the electric current supplied to the magnet coil 12 (in the case of a proportional magnet, this is largely proportional to each other) and the opposing force depends on a deflection of the armature 14, a pressure level at the second discharge area A can thus be set or regulated very precisely on the basis of the supplied electric current.

[0051] It should be noted that the in Fig. The positions or switching states of the armature 14, the pushrod 25, and the poppet valves 23, 24 shown in Figure 1 correspond to the positions / switching states in an initial position of the valve device in which the solenoid coil 12 is de-energized and therefore no magnetic force acts on the armature 14. Since the first poppet valve 23 is fully closed and the second poppet valve 24 is fully open, and thus no fluid can flow through the valve device from the inlet side P (the pressure at the first outlet area is set to "0"), the valve device shown is a so-called normally closed valve device with an increasing valve characteristic. This means that with increasing current, the first poppet valve 23 opens and the second poppet valve 24 closes, thereby increasing the pressure that can be measured at the first outlet area A.

[0052] The depicted valve device can also be modified to correspond to a normally-open valve device with a falling valve characteristic. In this configuration, in the de-energized initial state of the valve device, the first poppet valve 23 is fully open and the second poppet valve 24 is fully closed, allowing fluid from the inlet area P to flow exclusively to the first outlet area A, where a maximum pressure is present. As the solenoid coil 12 is energized, the first poppet valve 23 closes and the second poppet valve 24 opens, and the pressure detectable at the first outlet area P decreases accordingly.For this purpose, the first and second seat valves 23, 24 are reconfigured such that the closing element 231 is arranged downstream of the valve opening 234 and the closing element 241 is arranged upstream of the valve opening 244, while the magnetic yoke 13 with the immersion step 131 and the control edge 132 is arranged on the side of the electromagnet part 1 facing away from the valve part 2.

[0053] According to Fig. 1 On the inlet side, i.e. upstream, of the first seat valve 23 in the inlet area P, a second flow guidance device 26 is arranged, which imposes a predetermined flow characteristic on the inflowing fluid in the area of ​​the first seat valve 23.

[0054] In the illustrated case, the flow guidance device 26 consists of several flow guidance channels 261, which are located in the form of recesses along the longitudinal axis L of the pressure regulating valve device in the housing 21 of the valve part 2. Along a section plane S perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L, each of the flow guidance channels 261 has a cross-section in the shape of a propeller blade (see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3d). Consequently, as the distance from the longitudinal axis L increases, the width and therefore the flow area of ​​each flow guide channel 261 decreases, causing the fluid to accelerate as it flows through the flow guide channels 261 closer to the longitudinal axis L. This effect is enhanced by the fact that the flow guide channels 261 converge downstream towards the seat valve opening in a funnel shape (see Fig. 2) The funnel shape is formed here by end regions of the flow guidance channels 261 located in the axial direction to the longitudinal axis L, which converge at an angle to the longitudinal axis L.

[0055] At the center of the flow guidance device 26, here for example coaxial to the longitudinal axis L, there is a substantially circular opening 262 in the inlet area P, for example a bore, within which the closing element 231 of the first poppet valve 23 is movably arranged and into which the flow guidance channels 261 open. The opening 262 is closed upstream by a plug 222, which prevents the closing element 231 from falling out of the pressure regulating valve device. In the illustrated embodiment, the plug 222 is part of the filter basket 22, but can also be designed as an independent component or part of the flow guidance device 26 or the housing 21. It is not shown that the plug 222 is preferably designed to be flow-optimized, in particular by a teardrop-shaped or pointed conical shape. Preferably, the plug 222 therefore forms part of the flow guidance device 26.This can also be achieved by the plug 222 also having flow-guiding channels, guide vanes, or the like. Furthermore, the plug 222 and the housing 21 can be designed such that the flow-guiding device 26 is only formed when these components are joined, i.e., that both components 21 and 222 have complementary elements of the flow-guiding device 26, which only form the actual flow-guiding device 26 when the components 21 and 222 are joined.

[0056] The flow guidance channels 261 open into the inlet area P at least approximately tangentially to the opening 262 or the valve opening 234 of the first poppet valve 23; that is, the outlet openings of the flow guidance channels 261 open into the opening 262 laterally offset from the longitudinal axis L. This causes the fluid flowing into the opening 262 and valve opening 234 to swirl around the longitudinal axis L, resulting in a particularly advantageous alignment and stabilization of the flow. In detail, the fluid flowing into the valve assembly forms a tangential, thin-film flow along the surface of the closing element 231 with minimal flow resistance. This flow does not transmit pressure fluctuations or other disturbances / excitations to the closing element 23, or only to a very small extent. Furthermore, the swirling flow stabilizes the position of the closing element 23 on the axis of rotation of the flow.In the case shown, on the longitudinal axis L. The closing element 23 is therefore held stably in the swirling flow even when excited by external forces, for example by mechanical vibrations on the housings 11 and 21.

[0057] After flowing through the first poppet valve 23, the fluid enters an intermediate space 27, where the fluid flow splits into a first partial flow towards the first outlet area A and a second partial flow towards the second poppet valve 24. The flow rate ratio and the fluid pressure of the first and second partial flows are determined by the opening width of the second poppet valve 24, specifically by the effective valve opening area of ​​the second poppet valve 24. The first outlet area A has lateral openings in the housing 21 of the valve part 2 for the discharge of the first partial flow. Similarly, the second outlet area has lateral openings in the housing 21 for the discharge of the second partial flow.

[0058] In the space 27 upstream of the second seat valve 23, a first flow control device 28 is arranged between the first and second outlet regions A, T. This device is designed such that the fluid flowing towards the second outlet region T, i.e., the second partial flow, is set into a swirl around the longitudinal or axis of movement of the first seat valve 23, here the longitudinal axis L of the pressure regulating valve assembly, in the region of the second seat valve 24. The first flow control device 28 essentially consists of an upstream first region 28A and a downstream second region 28B. The first region 28A (swirl generator) has several flow control channels 281. These channels each run helically and concentrically to the longitudinal axis L. Thus, the fluid flow towards the second seat valve 24 is set into a swirl around the longitudinal axis L.The second area, which simultaneously forms part of the valve orifice 241 of the second poppet valve 24, has an interior space that narrows downstream from the outlet openings of the flow guide channels 281 to the valve opening 244 of the second poppet valve 24. This interior space is essentially rotationally symmetrical about the longitudinal axis L, or the axis of movement of the closing element 241 of the second poppet valve 24. It directs the swirling fluid flowing through the flow guide 28 to the second poppet valve 24. The narrowing of the interior space increases the velocity of the swirling flow downstream as it approaches the valve opening 244. After passing through the second poppet valve 24, the fluid then enters the second outlet area T. By designing the valve assembly with the first flow guide 28, the dynamics of the valve assembly can be increased while simultaneously reducing leakage.Preferably, but not necessarily, the two flow guidance devices 26, 28 are designed such that the swirling flows generated in each case have the same direction of rotation.

[0059] Fig. 1a shows the one in Fig. 1. Area of ​​the valve device marked BB in an enlarged view. As in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 1a, the first flow guidance device 28 comprises two sections 28A and 28B, each designed as a single component. The first component 28A, which has the flow guidance channels 281, has a conical surface on its end face facing the second component 28B. The second component 28B, which has the downstream narrowing interior I for guiding the swirling fluid flow to the second seat valve 24, also has a conical surface on its end face facing the first component 28A. The conical surfaces correspond to each other in such a way that the second component 28B defines a relative position between the first and second components 28A and 28B via these surfaces, at least in one radial direction. This radial direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis or axis of movement of the closing element 241, or to the longitudinal axis L of the valve assembly.For this purpose, the first component 28A within the housing 21 has radial play and is only brought into a defined radial position relative to the second component 28B when the second component 28B is installed within the housing 21. This is achieved by means of the conical surfaces of components 28A and 28B. A stop in the housing 21 in the area of ​​the upstream end face of component 28A serves to define an axial position. This has the advantage that components 28A and 28B are precisely aligned relative to each other, and that the fewest possible parts are involved in this alignment (avoiding tolerance chains). Since in the Fig. 1 and Fig. In the embodiment shown in 1a, the pushrod 25 with the closing element 241 arranged on it is guided radially in the first component 28A, while the second component 28B carries the valve orifice 242 and the valve control surface 243 or the valve seat of the second seat valve, the defined alignment of these two components 28A, 28B to each other also simultaneously determines the relative position between the pushrod 25 or the closing element 241 attached to it and the valve control surface 243 (= valve seat).

[0060] At the outlet openings of the channel sections 281 of the flow guidance device 28 into the interior I, the interior I has a D max The designated diameter is also present. Furthermore, the interior space I has a minimum diameter at the second seat valve 24, which is labelled D. min is designated. Preferably, the interior is designed such that it narrows in such a way that the diameter ratio D max / Dmin The coefficient of friction is 1.4 to 1.6. This creates a downstream accelerating fluid flow which, due to centrifugal force, assumes a bell- or cone-shaped form adapted to the associated closing element 241 as it passes through the second seat valve 24. Pressure fluctuations in the fluid thus have no or only a reduced effect on the closing element 241 and therefore on the valve assembly. This design of the interior I is particularly suitable for the closing element 241 with a cone angle of approximately 60°, but this is not a mandatory requirement and can, for example, also be used with a differently shaped closing element, such as a round one, for the second seat valve 24.

[0061] The narrowing interior space I also has a constriction angle, denoted by DELTA, in the region of its downstream end. The constriction angle DELTA can be understood as the angle of inclination of the interior space with respect to a longitudinal axis or axis of rotational symmetry of the interior space I, here the longitudinal axis L. Preferably, the interior space I is designed such that the constriction angle DELTA at the downstream end of the interior space I is 45° ± 10°. This directs the fluid flow tangentially around the closing element 241, which also results in a reduction of the sensitivity to pressure fluctuations.

[0062] The narrowing interior space I also has an axial length L I on. This length L I extends from the outlet openings of the channel sections 281 into the interior I to that area of ​​the interior I in which it has its minimum diameter D minthe second seat valve 24 has I / D min between the axial length L I and the minimum diameter D min of the interior I at the second seat valve 24 0.6 to 0.8. This results in further improved damping of pressure fluctuations in the fluid flow, while maintaining low leakage.

[0063] The design of the interior I with D max / D min = 1.4 to 1.6 and DELTA = 45° + / - 10° and L I / D minA coefficient of friction of 0.6 to 0.8, in conjunction with the cone angle of the closing element 241 GAMMA = 60° + / - 10°, results in particularly good insensitivity to pressure fluctuations or damping of pressure fluctuations. However, the interior space I can also be used in the valve device if its closing element 241 has a cone angle GAMMA other than 60° + / - 10° or if the closing element 241 is spherical (second seat valve = ball seat valve) – albeit with reduced effectiveness.

[0064] Basically, the in Fig. 1 or in Fig. The first section 28A of the first flow guidance device 28, as shown in Figure 1a, may also include, for example, guide vanes or the like for generating the swirling flow. The first section 28A can therefore also be designed analogously to one of the embodiments of the second flow guidance device 26 described here.

[0065] For actuation, i.e. linear movement, of the pushrod 25, another suitable actuator can be provided instead of the electromagnet part 1, for example a hydraulic, pneumatic or other electrical (piezoelectric, electrostrictive, electromotive, etc.) actuator acting in a linear direction.

[0066] Fig. Figure 2 shows an enlarged isometric view of valve part 2 of the valve device. Fig. 1. Electromagnetic part 1 is not shown here. For the sake of clarity, the components of areas 23A and 23B of the flow guidance device 28 are not shown individually. As can be seen from Fig. As can be seen from Figure 2, the valve control edge 233 has an obtuse angle. Downstream of the valve control edge 233, the valve opening 234 is initially cylindrical. However, following this cylindrical shape, it widens in a diffuser-like manner towards the space 27.

[0067] The flow guidance channels 261 of the second flow guidance device 26 are located in the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the flow guide channels 261 are configured as recesses extending straight along the longitudinal direction L in the housing 21, their cross-section being propeller-shaped on a section plane S perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L. Other cross-sectional shapes are conceivable if suitable. In particular, the flow guide channels 261 can extend helically around the longitudinal axis L instead of straight along the longitudinal axis L, identical or similar to the flow guide channels 281 of the first flow guide device 28.

[0068] In the illustrated embodiment, the flow guide channels 261 converge in a funnel shape downstream towards the valve opening. For this purpose, the end regions, here straight end surfaces, of the flow guide channels 261 are inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis L. The opening angle ALPHA of the funnel shape is approximately 60° in the illustrated case; however, the opening angle is preferably approximately 60° ±10°. The funnel shape, i.e., the end regions of the flow guide channels 261, can also be rounded and thus convex or concave. The opening angle then corresponds to a mean slope angle of the funnel shape with respect to the longitudinal axis L, or to a slope angle at a downstream end of the flow guide channels 261, i.e., in the region of the first seat valve 23.

[0069] Fig. 2a shows an enlargement of section AA from Fig. 2, however with an alternatively designed valve control edge 233 and valve opening 234. Compared to the design according to Fig. 1 and Fig. The valve control edge 233 of the first poppet valve 23 is designed here at a right angle (angle BETA), with no or a negligibly small chamfer, i.e., the valve control edge 233 is "sharp". This allows for a beneficially low flow resistance when the fluid passes through the first poppet valve 23. The valve opening 234 of the first poppet valve 23 widens continuously downstream of the valve control edge 233 in a diffuser-like (conical) shape. However, instead of being conical, the valve opening 234 downstream of the valve control edge 233 can also be convex or concave. Likewise, the valve control edge 233 can also be acute-angled instead of right-angled.

[0070] A diameter ratio D v / D K of the diameter D vthe valve opening 234 to the ball diameter D k The closing element 231 of the first seat valve 23 is at least equal to the value 0.75 or greater, where the ratio t / D k an immersion depth t of the ball 231 into the area of ​​the valve control edge 233 to the diameter D k The immersion depth t of the closing element 231 is preferably equal to the value 0.2. The immersion depth t extends from the valve control edge 233, against which the closing element 231 rests in the closed state of the first seat valve 23, to the end of the part of the closing element 231 that has penetrated deepest into the valve opening 234.

[0071] The Fig. Figures 3a to 3e show exemplary alternative designs of cross-sections of the flow guidance channels 261. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 along the cutting plane S.

[0072] According to Fig. 3a The first flow guidance device 26 has four propeller- or cloverleaf-shaped flow guidance channels 261. The width or flow cross-section B of the flow guidance channels 261 decreases with increasing proximity to a longitudinal axis L of the pressure regulating valve device, in particular a longitudinal or movement axis of the first poppet valve. The flow guidance channels 261 each open with an outlet opening into the common opening 262, which here runs coaxially along the longitudinal axis L and within which the closing element 231 of the first poppet valve is movably arranged. To achieve a swirling flow, in the illustrated case a flow with a clockwise direction of rotation, the outlet openings are laterally offset from the longitudinal axis L such that they point tangentially past the longitudinal axis L.The fluid exiting the flow guidance channels 261 thus flows tangentially, or at least approximately tangentially, with respect to the valve opening of the first seat valve into the opening 262, preferably in the form of a thin film along the closing element 231. In other words, at the base of each propeller-shaped flow guidance channel 261, there is a fluid outlet opening leading to a common opening 262 of the flow guidance device 26, which transitions downstream into the valve opening of the first seat valve, wherein the location of the outlet opening in the opening 262 is selected such that a swirling flow develops downstream of the flow guidance channels 261 in the region of the first seat valve.

[0073] In contrast to the first flow guidance device 26 made of Fig. 3a shows the flow guidance device 26 Fig. 3b propeller-shaped flow guide channels 261 with essentially triangular cross-sections. The corners of the triangular shape can of course also be rounded, i.e., provided with an inner radius.

[0074] The first flow guidance device 26 made of Fig. 3c differs from the one from Fig. 3a by the fact that the flow guidance channels 261 have quadrilateral cross-sections, in particular rectangular cross-sections. The width B of the flow guidance channels 261 is accordingly constant in the radial direction (perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L). Here too, the corners of the quadrilateral shape can be rounded.

[0075] The second flow guidance device 26 from Fig. 3D is essentially the same as that from Fig. 3a, wherein the flow guidance channels 261 are compared to those from Fig. 3a, however, are spirally twisted. That is, here a radially inner region of the flow guidance channels 261 is offset / twisted relative to a radially outer region in the direction of the intended rotation of the fluid flow, thereby improving the swirl-generating effect of the flow guidance device 26. The flow guidance channels 261 thus each run (slightly) spirally towards the opening 262 or the valve opening of the first poppet valve. This design corresponds to the one in Fig. 2 or Fig. 2a shown version.

[0076] The flow guidance channels 261 of the second flow guidance device 26 according to Fig. 3e show in relation to those Fig. 3d exhibits an even stronger spiral twist. Furthermore, this second flow guidance device 26 has only two flow guidance channels 261.

[0077] The flow guidance channels 261, in particular those in Fig. 3a to 3e shown can be used as in Fig. 1 and Fig. The flow guide channels 261 are shown as being designed as recesses extending essentially along the longitudinal axis L, i.e., with side walls oriented essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis L. Alternatively, the flow guide channels 261 can also be helically designed and, in particular, extend coaxially around the longitudinal axis L. Instead of two or four flow guide channels 261, three, five, six, etc. channels 261 can also be provided. A flow guide device 26 with only one flow guide channel 261 is also possible. A uniform distribution of the flow guide channels 261 around the longitudinal axis L, i.e., equal distances between the flow guide channels 261 in the circumferential direction, is preferred, but not necessarily provided. In particular, the flow guide channels 261 are designed to be symmetrical to each other in shape and position.

[0078] The flow-guiding channels 261 can have elongated outlet openings, as shown in the figures, which open into the opening 262 along the entire axial length of the flow-guiding device 26. However, it may also be advantageous for the flow-guiding channels 261 to open into the opening 262 only in certain regions in order to achieve a particularly suitable fluid flow. For example, the flow-guiding channels 261 can also open into the opening 262 only in a downstream end region of the flow-guiding device 26, particularly in the immediate vicinity of the valve opening of the first poppet valve, in order to achieve a particularly good swirl-generating effect. Reference sign 1 Electromagnetic part 10 Valve device 11 cases 12 Magnetic coil 13 Magnetic yoke 131 diving level 132 Magnetic control edge 14 anchors 141 Anchor rod 142 anchor bodies 143 Non-stick disc 15 spring element 16 Preload element 17 Contact device 18 warehouses 19 Polar tube 2 Valve part 21 cases 22 filter basket 221 filters 222 plugs 23, 24 seat valve 231, 241 Locking element 232, 242 Valve plate 233, 243 Valve control edge / valve control surface 234, 244 Valve opening 25 Pushrod 26, 28 Flow guidance device 261, 281 Flow guide channel 28A, 28B areas 262 Opening 27 space A first drainage area (working pressure connection or area) AA cutout BB excerpt B Width of a flow guidance channel 261 D k diameter D max diameter D min diameter D v diameter Interior L I Interior length I P Inlet area S section plane T second drainage area (tank connection or area) t Immersion depth ALPHA opening angle BETA Angle Valve Control Edge GAMMA cone angle DELTA narrowing angle

Claims

[1] Valve device for a fluid with at least one inlet area (P) and a first and second outlet area (A, T), which can be fluidically connected to each other via two coupled poppet valves (23, 24), wherein a fluid inlet from the inlet area (P) to the first and second outlet area (A, T) can be adjusted by means of the first poppet valve (23) and a fluid outlet between the first and second outlet area (A, T) can be adjusted by means of the second poppet valve (24) and the second poppet valve (24) is designed as a conical poppet valve with a conical closing element (241), and wherein a flow guidance device (28) is arranged upstream of the second poppet valve (24) arranged between the first and the second outlet area (A, T), which is designed such that it imparts a swirl to the fluid flowing towards the second poppet valve (24),wherein the closing element (241) of the second seat valve (24) has a cone angle (GAMMA) of 60° ± 10° and the flow guidance device (28) has a first region (28A) with several separate channel regions (281) designed to impart a swirl to the fluid flowing towards the second seat valve (24), and wherein the flow guidance device (28) has a second region (28B) with a downstream narrowing and rotationally symmetrical interior (I) designed to direct the fluid swirled by the first region (28A) to the second seat valve (24), , characterized by, that the first and second areas (28A, 28B) are each a component and at least one of these components (28A, 28B) has a conical surface (A1, A2) designed in such a way that it aligns the component of the first area (28A) to the component of the second area (28B) in at least one radial axis of the flow guidance device (28) in a predefined manner. [2] Valve device according to claim 1, wherein the flow guidance device (28) has a first region (28A) with several separate channel regions (281) configured such that they impart a swirl to the fluid flowing towards the second seat valve (24), and wherein the flow guidance device (28) has a second region (28B) with a downstream narrowing and rotationally symmetrical interior space (I) configured such that the fluid swirled by the first region (28A) is directed to the second seat valve (28B), and wherein a ratio (D max / D min ) between a diameter (D max ) of the interior (I) at outlet openings of the channel areas (281) and a minimum diameter (D min ) of the interior (I) at the second seat valve (24) is 1.5 + / - 0.

1. [3] Valve device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flow guidance device (28) has a first region (28A) with several separate channel regions (281) designed to impart a swirl to the fluid flowing towards the second seat valve (24), and wherein the flow guidance device (28) has a second region (28B) with a downstream narrowing and rotationally symmetrical interior space (I) designed to direct the fluid swirled by the first region (28A) to the second seat valve (24), and wherein a constriction angle (DELTA) of the narrowing interior space (I) at a downstream end of the interior space (I) is 45° + / - 10°. [4] Valve device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flow guidance device (28) has a first region (28A) with several separate channel regions (281) configured such that they impart a swirl to the fluid flowing towards the second seat valve (24), and wherein the flow guidance device (28) has a second region (28B) with a downstream narrowing and rotationally symmetrical interior (I) configured such that the fluid swirled by the first region (28A) is directed to the second seat valve (24), and wherein a ratio (L I / D min ) between an axial length (L I ) of the narrowing interior (I) and a minimum diameter (D min ) of the interior (I) at the second seat valve (24) is 0.6 to 0.

8. [5] Valve device according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein upstream of the first seat valve (23) in the inlet area (P) a second flow guidance device (26) is arranged, which is designed such that it causes the inflowing fluid in the area of ​​the first seat valve (23) to swirl. [6] Valve device according to claims 1 and 5, wherein the flow guidance devices (26 ,28) are designed such that the swirl of the fluid flow through the first seat valve (23) and the swirl of the fluid flow through the second seat valve (24) have the same direction of rotation. [7] Valve device according to one of the preceding claims, comprising an electromagnet, in particular a proportional electromagnet, for actuating the closing elements (231, 241) of the first and second seat valve (23, 24). [8] Hydraulic pressure control valve, designed according to one of the preceding claims.

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