Mobile device for dry and wet cutting of surfaces with cutting angle adjustment, fine dust extraction, lift axis and swivel arm for control panel

Abstract

A mobile two-axis device with at least two drive motors and a drive motor (3) for the tool (W) for dry cutting surfaces, comprising: - a cutting or milling mechanism (1) arranged in the area of ​​the travel path between two symmetrical wheels, hydraulically adjustable via at least one hydraulic cylinder, which can be continuously immersed into the surface through a portal (2), - a swivel plate (4) with which the entire cutting or milling mechanism (1) can be rotated on an axis (4) by at least 180° from the inside out, - a locking mechanism (5) which is attached to the cutting or milling mechanism (1) for setting a positive or negative cutting angle, and - a travel drive (6) which acts on at least the two wheels on the side of the cutting or milling mechanism (1), so that the device's movement during the cutting or milling process is kept to a minimum and cutting underneath the device is possible.

Description

The invention relates to a mobile device for dry and wet cutting in surfaces with cutting angle adjustment, fine dust extraction, lift axis and swivel arm for control panel according to claim 1. In road construction, joints cut or milled into the road surface are filled with grout. Furthermore, cracks caused by weathering, stress, or settlement must be sealed with permanently elastic grout to protect the road surface from further damage. In order to fill joints, open seams and gaping cracks in asphalt surfaces with joint sealant, a pretreatment consisting of one or more of the following individual services is necessary: ​​• Cutting or milling out the joints, • Removing loose particles from the joint flanks, • Thermal treatment with blowing, drying and melting of the joint flanks, • Possibly treatment with a primer. The following technical equipment is available for the tasks listed: • Joint brushes, • Joint milling machines, • Hot air devices, also called hot air lances, • Hand-operated grouting devices, • Stirring kettles, • Grouting machines, • Spraying machines with hand pump or motor-driven pump, • Repair trains and surface laying machines, • Gravel spreaders. Joint cutting tools are generally operated at higher speeds than joint milling tools or have a larger diameter saw blade; they mostly work in a straight line. Joint milling tools, on the other hand, allow for both wide and narrow cutouts, which can be straight or curved. From the applicant's DE 9103718 U1, a joint milling or cutting device is known, comprising a two-axle carriage on which the necessary equipment, such as an internal combustion engine with a reduction gearbox for driving the milling disc or saw blade and, optionally, a cooling water tank and / or vacuum cleaner, is arranged, and which includes a device for adjusting the cutting depth of the milling disc or saw blade. For adjusting the cutting depth, an adjusting lever is provided, which allows the wheel or both wheels of an axle to pivot relative to the carriage about a transverse axis fixed to the carriage. A spring is suspended between the carriage and the adjusting lever and is dimensioned such that it lifts the carriage, and thus the milling disc or saw blade, upwards out of the joint. Furthermore, patent DE 295 11 771 U1 of the applicant discloses a joint milling, joint plow, or brushing device with a three-axle carriage, which has drive wheels with a drive axle, a running wheel with a rigid axle, a swiveling steering wheel, and a tool, for example, a milling disc, arranged behind the wheels. During operation of the device, the milling disc can be guided along the cracks in the road surface under visual control, and the cutting depth of the tool is adjusted using the guide handles, with fine adjustment being made using the height-adjustable running wheel. For safety reasons, the drive wheels are arranged so that when the operator releases the guide handles, the carriage is tipped forward onto the running wheels and the steering wheel by the greater weight of the engine. This lifts the drive wheels off the road surface, and the device stops, allowing it to be moved back and forth more quickly by hand. Furthermore, a joint milling machine based on a kick scooter or a combined joint milling and grinding device based on a kick scooter is known from DE 103 48 481 B3 or DE 10 2004 050 183 B3 of the applicant. To enable easy tracking and control of the penetration depth, DE 103 48 481 B3 provides that the joint milling machine or cutter has: • at least one front wheel formed from two coaxially spaced individual wheels and a steerable rear wheel, which are connected to each other by means of a track, • a guide rod connected to the track in the area of ​​the front wheel with a spring-loaded lever movably mounted on it, and • a motor attached to the lever, which drives a milling cutter or milling disc arranged between the individual wheels of the front wheel, wherein, to lower and press down the milling cutter or milling disc, the operator, standing with one foot on the track, operates the lever against the spring force.Further development of this is provided in DE 10 2004 050 183 B3 of the applicant, that the joint milling and grinding device comprises: • at least one front wheel formed from two coaxially spaced individual wheels and a steerable rear wheel, which are connected to each other by means of a track, • a guide rod connected to the track in the area of ​​the front wheel with a spring-loaded lever movably mounted thereon, and • a motor attached to the lever via a suspension device, which drives a tool arranged in the area of ​​the front wheel, wherein, to lower and press down the tool, the operator, standing with one foot on the track, operates the lever against the spring force, and wherein the motor or the tool, in particular a milling cutter or a milling / grinding wheel, located laterally in front of the guide rod, is adjustable at a positive or negative angle with respect to the normal of the direction of travel.Preferably, the suspension device consists of at least two support arms, wherein the motor shaft is guided in a tube and the tube is attached directly or via an adapter to the support arms. This embodiment has the advantage that the motor or tool, located laterally in front of the guide rod, can be adjusted to a positive or negative angle relative to the normal of the direction of travel under visual control for the respective application. The angle adjustment can be achieved, for example, by a lockable slot guide in the support arm, such as a metal strip, or by means of an adapter movably mounted on the support arm. Furthermore, a hand-held device for milling pothole edges on asphalt surfaces and for milling off road markings is known from DE 299 08 397 U1 of the applicant. To create a milling device that is small, light, and maneuverable, and that allows for angled milling, two wheels are pivotally mounted on a chassis. The two wheels are attached to a lever, which is mounted to the chassis by a joint and is pulled upwards by two springs attached elsewhere on the chassis. When the guide rod, which is movably connected to the chassis, is pushed downwards, the milling drum is pressed into the asphalt. When the guide lever is released, the springs immediately lift the milling drum out of the asphalt. To facilitate pressing the milling drum into the asphalt, the guide rod is connected to the lever arms by two levers via a joint.The milling tool, to which a gear is attached, is driven by a chain, which in turn is driven by a reduction gearbox powered by the machine's motor. By replacing the wheels on the left or right side with larger wheels, angled milling into the asphalt is made possible. Furthermore, DE 44 08 396 A1 discloses a joint milling machine with a rotating, motor-driven milling blade, which is height-adjustable and mounted on a support frame having a chassis. Specifically, a self-propelled drive and a guide head are provided, which is designed to continuously scan the joint to be milled ahead of the milling blade and guide the joint milling machine along the joint. Furthermore, DE 298 20 188 U1 discloses a mobile joint cutter, particularly for making cuts in road surfaces or similar surfaces made of asphalt, concrete, or comparable building materials, which has a chassis frame with front and rear wheels, at least one sawing unit comprising a rotating saw blade that can be lowered into the working position via an adjustment device, and which can be driven by a drive motor. Specifically, it is provided that the front and rear wheels are steerable, with the steering movement being transmitted via a steering linkage connected to the wheels. Furthermore, DE 88 12 328 U1 discloses a milling machine that can be attached to a mobile support structure, in particular to a construction machine or a road construction vehicle. To enable precise, rapid, and flexible road processing, especially rapid transverse milling, a mounting frame detachably attached to the support structure is provided, with a horizontal guide running parallel to a longitudinal or transverse side of the support structure. Two milling cutters can be moved back and forth along this guide in a sled-like manner relative to the support structure by means of a sliding adjustment mechanism. The mounting frame is pivotally mounted about an axis parallel to the side of the support structure, preferably horizontal, and its pivot position can be adjusted relative to the support structure by means of a tilt adjustment mechanism. Furthermore, a vertical guide directed towards the ground is provided in the mounting frame. The two milling cutters can be moved up and down relative to the support structure by means of a height adjustment mechanism, expediently with the aid of a guide slide.To increase the mobility and application flexibility of the milling machine, it is rotatably suspended on a slide connected to the horizontal guide about an axis approximately perpendicular to the guide's axis of rotation, and its rotational position is adjustable by means of a transverse adjusting mechanism. For this purpose, an adjusting cylinder is attached with one end to the horizontal guide, preferably to its end-facing end piece, and with its other end to the milling machine. This allows milling to be performed both longitudinally and transversely along the roadway while maintaining a single direction of travel for the carrier vehicle.To achieve this transverse / longitudinal adjustment, the carriage has a plate projecting from the supporting structure side, which holds the milling cutter and has guide slots extending in a circular arc to the aforementioned axis of rotation of the milling cutter. The mounting elements and / or the support point of the lowering mechanism are movably received in these slots and can be displaced relative to the horizontal guide by means of the transverse adjustment mechanism. For stable attachment of the milling cutter or its guide carriage to the horizontal guide, the horizontal guide is essentially formed from two parallel, spaced-apart beams. A longitudinally displaceable bearing bushing, fixed to the milling cutter or, if applicable, its guide carriage, is mounted on each of these beams.With this horizontal guide consisting of two rails, the mounting of the milling machine is stabilized to such an extent that the natural vibrations of the milling drum, which inevitably occur during milling operation, cannot have a significant impact on the machining accuracy and operational safety. Further development of this is known from DE 41 23 777 C2, a milling attachment designed for mounting on the front of a carrier vehicle, which has at least one vertical guide with a lifting slide for adjusting the height of a milling head, in which at least one transverse guide extending transversely to the carrier vehicle with a transverse slide movable on it is provided, and in which the milling head is pivotable about a vertical axis and equipped with a milling tool driven by a hydraulic motor via a gearbox. In order to design the milling attachment so that milling is possible laterally across the width of the vehicle without the milling attachment projecting laterally beyond the vehicle contour in a basic position, the vertical axis is provided at the end of the transverse slide, and a support element that carries the milling head pivotably connects it to the transverse slide.The support bracket is aligned parallel to the cross slide in one position and perpendicular to it in a second position. The milling head projects beyond the end of the cross slide in the first position. By pivoting the support bracket 90° around its axis, thus aligning the milling head transversely to the carrier vehicle, transverse milling is enabled by moving the cross slide laterally. During transverse milling, the milling tool can also mill across the width of the carrier vehicle. The milling tool for the attachment can be a milling drum or a milling disc, and the vertical guide is located on the outside of the support bracket. The lifting slide, which moves along the guide, carries the milling head. This design provides the milling head with a significant distance from the transverse guide, allowing it to move laterally when the support bracket is pivoted away from the cross slide.In particular, the milling tool is a milling drum designed as a hollow cylinder, which engages the gearbox of the hydraulic motor driving it with approximately half its width and has an inner retaining flange located approximately half its width, which is rigidly connected to a drive pin extending from the gearbox. The milling depth of the drum can be set and changed from the driver's cab if a hydraulically height-adjustable support wheel is arranged on each side of the milling head, attached to the milling head or its support bracket. Tilting the milling drum is possible if the support wheels are independently height-adjustable. In order to drive the milling drum right up to a rising edge, such as a curb, it is advantageous if the support wheel on the side of the milling head that extends beyond the vehicle's width is removable or pivotable. Furthermore, DE 103 25 064 A1 discloses a method for repairing roads, particularly multi-lane highways, whose bituminous or concrete surface course has been damaged by rutting or other means. In this method, the surface course is heated, milled, and then torn up, and finally replaced with new material. To restore a sound road surface with significantly reduced material and time expenditure, the surface course is only torn up in the area of ​​the ruts and excavated to below the compacted zone. This creates a rough surface in the "hollowed-out area," and then new or recycled material or a mixture is filled, leveled, and compacted. For this purpose, a milling cut is first made along the ruts at the transition to the sound road surface material, and then the remaining core is broken up.To facilitate the removal of the chunks, incisions are made at intervals, perpendicular to the ruts, to facilitate the tearing process. A road construction unit with a chassis (tracked or wheeled), preferably a surface heating unit, a ripping device for the road surface, a distributor for the new material, and a leveling unit is used to carry out the process. Even when the ripping device processes the old material to be removed via milling drums, it can be advantageous for the process to have two milling discs arranged parallel to each other at the rut spacing, as well as a type of excavator bucket that lifts and tears up the material pieces. When operated with an excavator bucket, a milling disc positioned at a right angle to the milling discs is arranged in front of them, or one or both of the milling discs are designed to pivot by 90°.An improvement in the interlocking and bonding of the new asphalt layer within the existing road material is possible when one or more adjustable-angle milling discs are attached to the asphalt crushers. Such a milling disc then plunges into the created channel and produces horizontal milling cuts into which the new material is subsequently introduced, resulting in optimal bonding and interlocking. When milling in the area of ​​the ruts, and even when removing individual chunks, loose material is always produced. This can impair the bonding and interlocking process with the existing road material during the subsequent placement of the new material. This is prevented by equipping the crushing unit with a suction unit to collect the loose material. Furthermore, DE 22 09 829 A discloses a mobile road processing machine for milling road surfaces, featuring two milling drums arranged offset one behind the other and rotating about axes transverse to the direction of travel. These drums are articulated to the vehicle frame via pivotable supports, with hydraulic cylinders articulated between the vehicle frame and the supports for pivoting the supports and thus adjusting the height of the milling drums. To enable the road processing machine to mill surface strips that are perpendicular to each other in cross-section in a single operation, a transverse head support is attached to the vehicle frame, to which a U-shaped frame and two pendulum supports are articulated.Each milling drum is mounted on one of the pendulum supports and one of the parallel supports of the U-shaped frame. A hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the U-shaped frame and each pendulum support for pivoting the respective pendulum support relative to the U-shaped frame. Furthermore, a transverse head support is connected to the vehicle frame, to which a U-shaped frame and four pendulum supports are articulated. Each milling drum is mounted on two pendulum supports, and a hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the U-shaped frame and each pendulum support for pivoting the respective pendulum support relative to the U-shaped frame. The head support is connected to the vehicle frame centrally via a ball joint, and at least one hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the central leg of the U-shaped frame and the vehicle frame. The milling drums are adjustable for transport purposes and to adapt to different inclines and curvatures of the road.The milling drums are brought into their raised position. The cylinders are pressurized in such a way that the central leg of the frame is raised. This raises the outer ends of the milling drums, while the inner ends are raised together with the pendulum supports, as the supports come to rest on the bearing components. If grooves are to be milled, a depth control device is provided, which adjusts the depth by raising or lowering one wheel relative to the other. Furthermore, DE 203 12 712 U1 discloses a dust extraction device for a crack milling machine in which the milling material is extracted immediately before and after the milling cutter by means of suction funnels and suction hoses. The coarse milling material is collected in a suction container with a cyclone separator, and the remaining fine milling material is collected in a subsequent fine filter system with three flat filters arranged in series and a subsequent settling chamber for dust separation. Looking in the feed direction of the milling cutter, two suction hoses are arranged before and one suction hose after the milling cutter. The entire extraction system is operated by three suction motors, and after completion of the milling work, the collected material is emptied from the suction container via an opening door. Furthermore, from a technical field unrelated to road maintenance machinery, a two-axle motor vehicle is known from DE 1 207 804 B. The vehicle has a chassis consisting of a front and rear section, which can be folded about an axis located transversely to the direction of travel. This axis is formed by a solid transverse axis that is offset from the vehicle's center and on which both chassis sections are pivotally mounted. This results in a completely rigid frame section that supports the main loading platform. Whether the vehicle is folded or not, this section retains its position because the rear section is folded forward about the transverse axis by approximately the same angle by which it previously extended rearward, viewed from the perpendicular through the transverse axis. Finally, the longitudinal members of the rigid rear section form a bridge with the cross members and encompass the transverse axle tube.This makes it possible to connect the rear carriage as a stationary unit, directly to appropriate work machines, e.g. circular saws, lifting tools, etc., using the transverse axle tube, since the transverse axle tube offers a large surface suitable for clamping at the points where the front carriage and the spring parts are otherwise attached. Furthermore, DE 10 2010 014 711 A1 discloses a milling disc for a road surface roughener, wherein the milling disc is designed to rotate about an at least substantially vertical axis of rotation during operation and comprises guide rails arranged radially on the underside of the milling disc. The guide rails are part of fastening devices for mounting radially displaceable milling segments, for which each guide rail comprises two inclined side walls. On the upper side of the milling disc, a recess is arranged above each guide rail, in which threaded screw holes are located. Screws can be screwed into the screw holes to press the milling segments against the inclined side walls of the milling disc and thus fix the milling segments in the guide rails.Furthermore, the milling disc has comparatively large axial openings that extend through in the axial direction and serve to extract dust and exhaust air from below the milling disc upwards. Furthermore, DE 38 15 640 A1 discloses a movable joint cutter, particularly for making cuts in road surfaces, which is equipped with a chassis frame with wheels and a drive motor arranged on the chassis frame for a rotating saw blade that can be lowered into the working position via an adjustment device and is at least partially covered by a protective hood. The saw blade is attached by its drive shaft to a support plate, which can be adjusted at least approximately vertically by means of connecting links to a saw head bracket attached to the chassis frame. A uniform lowering is achieved by the vertical lifting or vertical height adjustment of the saw blade.This means that the saw blade guard can be positioned so that it maintains the same distance from the floor, regardless of whether the saw blade is in its upper or lower position. Alternatively, if adjusted along with the saw blade, it can maintain a constant position relative to the blade and avoid tilting. This increases operator safety and prevents splashing of water from a tilted guard. The saw blade drive motor is mounted on the base plate via a horizontal drive shaft and a motor plate, creating a quick-release unit for repairs or adjustments to the cutting plane. This is especially true if the motor mount is pivotable at least 180 degrees from the base plate.The saw blade height is adjusted via the vertically sliding support plate. If the motor mount is pivotable by 180 degrees, i.e., detachably connected to the support plate, the saw blade and its drive shaft can be easily swiveled from one side of the joint cutter to the other without any cumbersome modifications. It is only necessary to ensure that appropriate locking mechanisms are in place at the end positions. The guide elements are vertical guides mounted on the saw head bracket, which interact with sliding guides in the support plate. These vertical guides can be simple rods, tubes, or similar components, which interact with bearing bushings as sliding guides. The height of the support plate can be adjusted either manually or, advantageously, by a motor.For this purpose, a threaded spindle can be provided, which is arranged on the saw head bracket and interacts with a threaded nut attached to the support plate. Alternatively, the threaded spindle can be driven by a drive motor mounted on the saw head bracket, or the saw head bracket can be pivoted around a horizontal, machine-fixed pivot point located in the longitudinal center plane of the joint cutter. The pivoting of the saw head bracket also allows for easy execution of angled cuts deviating from the vertical. This means that V-shaped cuts can be made, creating a trench with a downward-tapering cone shape. This results in significantly higher compaction when subsequently backfilling the trench and resurfacing the road.When combined with the motor plate, which can be swivelled 180 degrees, angled cuts can be achieved on both the left and right sides. Nevertheless, the raising and lowering of the saw blade, which is mounted on a swiveling and rotating attachment in front of the chassis, remains fundamentally the same. As the applicant explains in his subsequent application DE 91 04 602 U1 relating to DE 38 15 640 A1, a long lever arm acts on the joint cutter between the drive axle of the rear axle and the saw blade, which is rotatably and pivotably mounted in front of the chassis. This causes the saw cut to deviate laterally due to the resulting asymmetrical forces. To at least largely reduce this deviation, the saw blade in the joint cutter according to DE 91 04 602 U1 is arranged laterally on the chassis, and at least one front wheel and one rear wheel are driven. This solution allows the saw blade to be positioned as close as possible to the driven front drive wheel. By simultaneously driving at least one of the two rear wheels, it is ensured that even if the driven front wheel loses contact with the ground, the rear wheel continues to provide a functioning drive or feed for the machine.In principle, it would be possible to achieve drive solely via one or both front wheels, thereby significantly reducing the lever arm and torque. However, due to the forces generated during sawing operations, particularly when the saw blade plunges into the material being cut, excessive feed rate of the joint cutter, or uneven ground, the front wheels lift off the ground and lose contact, making power transmission impossible. The lever arm, and thus the resulting asymmetrical forces, are smaller the closer the saw blade is to or between the two drive axles. Therefore, the axis of rotation of the saw blade should be positioned at least approximately in the vertical plane of the front axle. It is possible to arrange for the driven front wheel and the driven rear wheel to be located on the same side of the chassis as the saw blade.This significantly reduces the lever arm, and theoretically, if the saw blade axis is positioned exactly in the vertical plane of the front axle, it can become zero. In the joint cutter according to DE 91 04 602 U1, the design according to DE 38 15 640 A1, with vertical guides of the saw head mount that cooperate with sliding guides in the support plate and motorized plunging via a threaded spindle located on the saw head mount and cooperating with a threaded nut attached to the support plate, is not possible. It is now proposed that the saw blade be pivotable by 180° about a horizontal axis via a pivoting device, with the pivot axis being located at least approximately midway between the front and rear axles.With this swiveling device, the saw blade remains on the same side of the chassis, but is swiveled from its front position to a rear position. This allows saw cuts to be made along the same path, both at the front and rear edges, without repositioning or reversing the joint cutter. Specifically, the swiveling device has a swivel arm, one end of which is articulated to the pivot axis, and the other end of which carries the saw blade and its drive components. The axis of the drive motor for the saw blade can be arranged to be coaxial with the pivot axis of the saw blade. The drive connection to the saw blade is made via V-belts or toothed belts with corresponding V-belt or toothed belt pulleys on the drive axis of the drive motor and the axis of rotation of the saw blade.The swivel arm is attached to a flange that is placed over the drive shaft of the drive motor for the saw blade. As the preceding assessment of the state of the art demonstrates, various milling machines, joint cutters, and grinding machines are known, some of which are attachments. As a rule, their design does not allow for good visibility during the machining process; in particular, the desired angle setting or adjustment cannot be made with direct visual control and with high precision, and as attachments, they only permit wide turning or straight-line travel.Therefore, in practice, there is a lack of a cost-effective, easy-to-use, and safe milling machine or joint cutter for seams, connections, and edge formation of asphalt pavements or for cut-throughs in concrete slabs. Such a machine should allow for easy penetration into the surface, even at high tool speeds, with predefined positive or negative angle settings and control of the penetration depth, while largely avoiding dust generation and facilitating the disposal of fine dust. This is particularly important because the road construction machinery industry is considered a progressive, innovation-driven industry that quickly adopts and implements improvements and simplifications. The invention is based on the objective of further developing known mobile devices in such a way that the user is provided with a simple and at the same time safe to operate and load, cost-effective device which is suitable for dry cutting in surfaces with cutting angle adjustment in the production of a higher quality seam formation and the possibility of repairing cracks and opened seams while largely avoiding dust formation during dry cutting. This problem is solved, according to claim 1, by a mobile two-axis device with at least two drive motors and a drive motor for the tool for dry cutting surfaces, comprising: - a cutting or milling mechanism arranged in the area of ​​the travel path between two symmetrical wheels, hydraulically adjustable via at least one hydraulic cylinder, which can be continuously immersed into the surface through a portal, - a swivel plate with which the entire cutting or milling mechanism can be rotated on one axis by at least 180° from the inside out, - a locking mechanism attached to the cutting or milling mechanism for setting a positive or negative cutting angle, and - a drive system that acts on at least the two wheels on the side of the cutting or milling mechanism, so that the device does not wander during cutting or milling.The solution was to keep the milling process as minimal as possible and to allow cutting under the device. The device according to the invention has the advantage that, unlike conventional joint cutters or joint milling machines, the braking of individual wheels on an axle is hardly necessary, and the movement of the device during the cutting or milling process is kept to a minimum. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the (angled) plunge of the tool (saw blade or milling disc) into the surface to be cut allows the tool to penetrate the surface without lateral load, and enables cutting or milling under the device (milling and cutting machine). In a further development of the invention, according to claim 2, the device is hydraulically steered and the functional elements of a control panel are arranged on a swiveling arm which can be rotated by more than 180° in the horizontal plane, which allows the device to be operated in both directions, or also from the side of the cutting or milling mechanism. US Patent 8,931,853 B1 discloses a joint cutter for cutting concrete curbs or other solid structures, comprising a primary saw support structure mounted for movement relative to the vehicle frame. The primary saw support structure includes a pivoting frame connected to the vehicle frame by pivot pins. The pivoting frame has a front plate, and a primary movement structure in the form of hydraulic cylinders is used with the pivoting frame to tilt or pivot the pivoting frame, i.e., to move a front plate up or down. The primary saw support structure further includes a telescopic structure supported by the pivoting frame, which is pivotally movable when the hydraulic cylinders are actuated. The telescopic structure includes a housing or sleeve pivotally connected to the pivoting frame at its pivot point.A hydraulic cylinder extending between the front plate of the pivoting frame and the housing is used to selectively raise or lower the telescopic structure relative to the pivoting frame. The telescopic section also includes an elongated support element that is axially displaceable relative to the housing and is located within the housing interior. A hydraulic cylinder connects the housing and the elongated support element for selectively extending or retracting the elongated support element. The elongated support element has a distal end, and the hydraulic cylinder serves to raise or lower this distal end, as the pivoting movement of the pivoting frame is independently controlled by the hydraulic cylinders. A segmented saw carrier is connected to the distal end of the elongated support element.A saw with a rotating saw blade can be hydraulically driven in a suitable manner and is supported by a pivoting saw holder. The pivoting saw holder has a second drive mechanism in the form of hydraulically driven rotary actuators. One rotary actuator is attached to the distal end of the elongated support element, and the rotary actuator has a rotary actuator actuation axis that is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the elongated support structure. The other rotary actuator is attached to and dependent on the rotary actuator. The rotary actuator actuation axis of the rotary actuator is orthogonal to the rotary actuator actuation axis of the rotary actuator itself. This allows the saw to be moved to position the saw blade either in horizontal or vertical planes, or relative to one or both horizontal and vertical planes, as selected by the operator of the device.For safety reasons, a protective shield is provided to protect the operator of the device from the saw blade and the loose material cut by the saw blade. Furthermore, a control console is mentioned, which is located on the side of the device at the location of the shield. This further development of the invention according to claim 2 has the advantage that, due to the good visibility during the processing operation, the desired angle setting or adjustment can be carried out under direct visual control and with great precision, and that the device according to the invention enables this – due to the rotation angle of more than 180°, preferably 220° horizontally – both when cutting or milling forwards and backwards. Furthermore, it is advantageous that an angled cut can be made at the edge of the top asphalt layer, allowing the next layer to be directly connected. Edge cuts are also possible on precast concrete slabs, and it is possible to cut or mill flush with the wall using a protective device.In contrast to the subject matter of US 8,931,853 B1, the operating arm according to claim 2 is pivotable and lockable by 180° degrees, which gives the operator the possibility to operate the device at any point on the milling or cutting wheel side during the cutting process. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, according to claim 3, for loading the device or when driving over obstacles such as curbs or similar, one axle of the device can be hydraulically lowered so that the ground clearance under the device between the two axles increases. From DE 695 03 465 T2, a cutting device with a saw unit for cutting grooves in hardened cement or green cement is known. The device comprises a cutting device that is adjustable and mounted on the main body element, as well as a device for driving the cutting device, which is mounted on the main body element and arranged at least partially above the cutting device. The cutting device is arranged in a vertical plane substantially equidistant between the left and right sides of the main body element and in such a position with respect to the front and rear ends of the main body element that the weight of the device is distributed substantially evenly around the cutting device.Specifically, a device is provided for adjusting the position of the cutting device upwards or downwards in the vertical plane to regulate the cutting depth. This device comprises a pair of opposing strut elements articulated to a pair of opposing swing arm elements, the swing arm elements being mounted on the front axle. Each strut element has a longitudinal slot, and these strut elements are displaceable along the slots relative to the main body element to allow for height adjustment of the cutting device relative to the surface to be cut. The banana-shaped struts are secured by fastening knobs, which hold them in place on the main body element.During operation, the struts can be moved upwards along the slots by loosening the knobs until a rod reaches the bottom of the slots. As the struts move upwards, the front wheels are raised to their maximum height, at which point the cutting depth of the blade is at its maximum of approximately 8.9 cm. In contrast to the subject matter of DE 695 03 465 T2, the adjustable axis according to claim 3 is not required for adjusting the cutting depth, but to obtain extreme ground clearance under the cutting tool. This design of the lift axle according to the invention has the advantage that the additional ground clearance makes it possible to load the device over very steep ramps. In a further development of the invention, according to claim 5, a dust pellet press is provided, wherein the cutting dust is fed into the dust pellet press by means of a feeder and is pressed into a mold by means of a hydraulically driven pressing device using a hydraulic cylinder, and the pellet is conveyed out of the mechanism by means of an automatic ejection. This further development of the invention has the advantage that the resulting cutting dust can be disposed of more easily in pellet form. Further advantages and details can be found in the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows: Fig. 1 in perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the device (milling and cutting machine) according to the invention, Fig. 2 the device according to Fig. 1 in side view, Fig. 3 in perspective view and in detail the cutting and milling portal in an angular position, Fig. 4 in perspective view and in detail an embodiment of the lift axis, Fig. 5 the lift axis according to Fig. 4 in side view, Fig. 6 in perspective view the swiveling arm with control panel in the home position, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 in perspective view and in detail an embodiment of a dust pellet press, and Fig. 9 in perspective view and in detail an embodiment of a diamond milling disc. Figures 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a mobile device, particularly for producing joints, seams, and connections in road construction. With this novel device (cutting and milling machine) for asphalt and concrete, various tasks can be performed with just one machine. The mobile, two-axle device according to the invention has a fuel-powered engine, in particular a diesel engine, and a hydraulic pump (not shown in the drawing) connected to it. The hydraulic cutting or milling operation, including stepless adjustment of the travel speed, hydraulic lowering of an axle 8 (see Figures 4 and 5), hydraulic drive 6 (see Figure 3) of the wheels, immersion of the tool W, extraction, and further processing of the extracted fine dust, is controlled by means of a pressure distributor and control panel BP (see Figure 6). The cutting mechanism 1, hydraulically operated by two hydraulic cylinders 2a, can be continuously immersed into the surface by a portal 2 at any preset cutting angle. Preferably, the cutting or milling portal 2 is moved into the various angular positions via a grid plate, whereby, for example, a bolt inserted into the grid plate secures the portal 2 in the selected angular position. This bolt is, in particular, secured by a locking pin that prevents the bolt from being unintentionally released. Once the desired angle setting is achieved, the cutting or milling process is started, whereby, in the embodiment shown in the drawing, the cutting or milling tool W plunges into the surface to be cut by means of two synchronously rotating hydraulic cylinders. In this way, the tool W cuts into the surface without lateral load.Once the desired depth is reached, the hydraulic cylinders are held in this position by means of a locking valve. By selecting a tool drive motor 3, which can be changed in a very short time using quick couplings and a special flange (not shown in the drawing), the speed range for carbide milling cutters or diamond cutting tools is preset and can be continuously adjusted within this speed range. In conventional joint cutters, the drive to the tool W (cutting or milling wheel) prevents the cutting mechanism from pivoting. According to the invention, the entire cutting mechanism 1 can be rotated 180° horizontally on an axis 4 by means of a pivoting plate. This causes the hydraulically operated drive motor 3 to rotate outwards or inwards. This allows the cutting angle range required in practice (preferably 0° - 45° with the drive motor 3 inwards, or preferably 0° - 60° with the drive motor 3 outwards) to be covered both positively and negatively, and enables switching between forward and reverse travel (by pivoting an arm 7 with a control panel BP horizontally) while stationary, i.e., without turning the device according to the invention around to change the direction of travel.By loosening, for example, fastening screws, the portal is rotated on two guide shafts, one on the right and one on the left, and then locked again with the fastening screws. The cutting angle is preferably set via a detent mechanism 5, which is attached to the cutting mechanism 1. In this way, wall cuts with a slight incline and ceiling cuts, e.g., in the edge area, are possible (e.g., a 2:1 cut at 33.3°). The ability to cut or mill underneath the machine also allows, for example, the subsequent production of the so-called "hot bead" (joint sealing with hot material, which is applied to the side via a hose and a grouting lance using a pump). The drive system 6 (see Fig. 3), which in its simplest configuration acts only on the two wheels on the cutting drive side, minimizes machine drift during the cutting or milling process. Braking individual wheels on an axle – as previously known – is no longer necessary. Within the scope of the invention, a 4-wheel drive can also be provided, i.e., the hydraulically infinitely variable drive is powered by two or four drive motors. By driving two wheels running in tandem on the cutting or milling drive side, machine distortion during the cutting or milling process is reduced. Optionally, four wheels can also be driven by drive motors. The wheels (e.g., tires) are screwed directly onto the drive motor. This ensures quick and easy replacement. On the cutting side, the track width can be narrowed by special tires, which – e.g.When making angled cuts on edges, the wheel is positioned further away from the cutting edge, thus preventing the machine from driving or tipping over the cutting edge. The machine is hydraulically steered, and the functional elements, including the emergency stop switch NA and the control panel BP, are arranged on a pivoting arm 7, which can be rotated more than 180° horizontally about a pivot axis 7a (see Fig. 6). This allows the machine to be operated in both directions, or from the side of the cutting mechanism 1. Preferably, the control panel can be rotated 220° horizontally from left to right about the pivot axis 7a, whereby various preset positions (detent opening RÖ) can be selected by means of a (spring-loaded) locking pin (not shown in the drawing) on ​​the arm 7 (see Fig. 6). The hydraulic hoses for the individual functions are routed into the machine through a cutout. For loading the machine, or when driving over obstacles such as curbs or similar, an axle 8 (see Figs. 4 and 5) is hydraulically lowered, thus increasing the ground clearance under the machine between the two axles. Preferably, the lift axle 8 is raised from its neutral position (milling and cutting position) by means of a hydraulic cylinder via a shaft mounted on the front of the lift axle. The lifting stroke can be adjusted to the desired lift height by means of an adjustable stop. The two-stage cyclone extraction system 9 according to the invention, which is arranged one above the other to save space compared to existing systems where the individual cyclones are arranged side by side, enables dry cutting without dust spreading into the surrounding area. The dust buckets, namely dust bucket SG for fine dust and air filter SF for ultrafine dust, can be changed easily and quickly using a simple lever mechanism H. In particular, the milling dust generated when cutting with diamond blades or carbide milling discs can be vacuumed up (protective hood and connected hoses) and discharged via the filter system, first through a heavy material separator and then through a paper filter, into a dust bucket / container located in the machine. This can be released from its locked position for emptying using the lever mechanism H.To increase the negative pressure (suction pressure), a side channel blower (see discharge opening AÖ) is used instead of a fan, as is conventional. This increases the negative pressure of conventional systems from 0.15 bar to up to 0.4 bar, resulting in a significantly higher suction capacity in conjunction with a protective hood formed by a swivel plate and cover A. Furthermore, side channel blowers are considerably quieter than fans. According to the invention, the cover A is extendable, preferably designed with overlapping, sliding louvers, so that the protective hood extends almost to the surface. Additionally, as an alternative to the SG dust buckets or SF air filters, a dust pellet press 10 can be attached. The cutting dust is fed into the dust pellet press 10 via a feeder 14 and compressed into a mold by a hydraulically driven pressing device using a hydraulic cylinder 12. The pellet is then automatically ejected from the mechanism by an ejector 13. Specifically, this pressing device is driven by a hydraulic cylinder and presses and ejects the pellets into pellet form via an intermittently opening and closing baffle system. The ejected pellets are collected in a collection container located on the machine or in an external, portable storage container. This process, particularly the compression of the dust, facilitates easier disposal and temporary storage of the cutting dust. In diamond discs for joint production, a special solder 11 improves the heat transfer from a cutting diamond to the tool body WK, resulting in a longer service life of the discs (see Fig. 9 ). For example, a steel such as St52-3 is used as the base material for the diamond milling discs. Diamond segments DS are attached to the face. These DS segments are welded on using a TIG copper / tin welding rod due to their excellent heat transfer to the asphalt. Tests with a thermal imaging camera have shown that the heat inevitably generated during the cutting process does not transfer from the segment to the base body (WK), but is released directly from the weld. This allows for a longer service life of the milling wheels, as well as an improved connection between the segment (DS) and the base body (WG) that is both durable and tensile-resistant. Diamond segments are soldered onto the side surfaces of the milling discs. A silver solder foil is used for this purpose. These milling wheels can be manufactured in different dimensions, but the welding and brazing processes described above are always the same. Technical specifications and advantages of the device according to the invention are: 1. Simple tool change, in particular diamond cutting wheel / carbide cutter 2. Easy change of the tool drive motor by means of quick couplings and a special flange 3. Rapid feed (travel) when moving to another work section 4. Ground clearance on uneven terrain or during loading 5. Clearly visible sight for precise aiming of the joint or control panel swiveling on the arm 6. Device for attachable devices or modules such as dust container / auxiliary hydraulics / water tank for dust humidification / pellet press 7. Optional 4-wheel steering, preferably when moving to another work section 8. Positive / negative cutting angle and manual swiveling of the drive unit by at least 180° 9. Hydraulic automatic pressing device of the cutting dust into pellets and ejection via mechanism into container 10. Dry as well as wet cutting 11.12. Modularly attachable side cutting unit (for attaching later modules such as edge chippers / core drills / slider caps / etc.) 13. Tool plunges into the cutting direction by tilting the lowering device (portal) 14. Edge cut (angled as well as straight) and drive wheels run in line with the cutting edge, thus preventing any deviation of the cut 15. Drive-over height adjustable by hydraulically lowering one axle (lift axle) 16. Fuel tank TK in the center of the unit and hydraulic oil tank TH above the steering axle 8, i.e., at the front and good hydraulic oil cooling 17. Forward and reverse cutting possible and cutting and milling operation hydraulically (infinitely variable speed). Furthermore, the invention is not limited to the combinations of features defined in claim 1, but can also be defined by any other combination of specific features from all disclosed individual features. This means that practically any individual feature of claim 1 can be omitted or replaced by at least one individual feature disclosed elsewhere in the application.

Claims

A mobile two-axis device with at least two drive motors and a drive motor (3) for the tool (W) for dry cutting surfaces, comprising: - a cutting or milling mechanism (1) arranged in the area of ​​the travel path between two symmetrical wheels, hydraulically adjustable via at least one hydraulic cylinder, which can be continuously immersed into the surface through a portal (2), - a swivel plate (4) with which the entire cutting or milling mechanism (1) can be rotated on an axis (4) by at least 180° from the inside out, - a locking mechanism (5) which is attached to the cutting or milling mechanism (1) for setting a positive or negative cutting angle, and - a travel drive (6) which acts on at least the two wheels on the side of the cutting or milling mechanism (1), so that the device's movement during the cutting or milling process is kept to a minimum and cutting underneath the device is possible. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device is hydraulically steered and functional elements of a control panel are arranged on a pivotable arm (7) which can be rotated by more than 180° in the horizontal direction, which allows the device to be operated in both directions, or also from the side of the cutting or milling mechanism (1). Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, for loading the device or when driving over obstacles such as curbs or similar, an axle (8) of the device can be hydraulically lowered, so that the ground clearance under the device between the two axles increases. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a 2-stage cyclone extraction system (9) with superimposed stages and a side channel blower is provided. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a dust pellet press (10) is provided, wherein the cutting dust is fed into the dust pellet press (10) by means of a feeder (14) and is pressed into a mold by means of a hydraulically driven pressing device by means of a hydraulic cylinder (12) and that a pellet is conveyed from the mechanism by means of an automatic ejection (13). Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a diamond milling disc is provided, on the end face of which diamond segments are soldered onto a tool body by means of a silver solder foil (11). Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the portal (2) is brought into the various angular positions via a grid plate such that the cutting angle range is preferably 0-45° with the drive motor (3) inside or preferably 0-60° with the drive motor (3) outside, wherein, in the selected angular position, a bolt which is pushed into the grid plate secures the portal (2) in this position, and that during the cutting or milling process, the tool (W) plunges into the surface to be cut via two synchronously rotating hydraulic cylinders. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the axis (8) is lifted from the zero position (milling and cutting position) by means of a hydraulic cylinder via a shaft attached to the front of the axis (8) and that the stroke of the axis (8) can be adjusted to a desired lift height by means of an adjustable stop. Device according to one or more of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the pivotable arm (7) of the control panel (BP) is fixed in the various selected positions by means of locking bolts (RB). Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it has a fuel-operated motor and a hydraulic pump connected thereto, and that the hydraulic cutting or milling operation is controlled by means of a pressure distributor and a control panel (BP) arranged on the pivotable arm (7).

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