Height-adjustable curved track

Abstract

Haymaking machine (1), in particular a rake with at least one rake rotor (2), comprising: - a rotor housing (3), - several tine arms (4) rotating around a rotor axis (A) with rake tines (5), - a cam track (6) in the rotor housing (3), via which a pivot angle (α) of the rake tines (5) about the longitudinal axis (L) of the respective tine arm (4) can be controlled depending on the rotating position of the tine arm (4), and - a device (20) for rotating the cam track (6) relative to the rotor housing (3), characterized in that the cam track (6) is height-adjustable within the rotor housing (3) by means of a drive (7).

Description

The invention relates to a haymaking machine, in particular a steamer according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for adjusting the pivot angle of rake teeth according to claim 20.Haymaking machines with arithmetic circuits are already known, for example, from DE 42 01 881 A1, DE 10 2009 016 519 A1 and DE 20 2006 015 108 U1. In the known haymaking machines, the pivot angle of the rake teeth about the longitudinal axis of a respective arm of a rake gyroscope can be adjusted by a cam control. Thus, the pivot angle of the rake tines can be adjusted depending on the rotational position of the tine arm.DE 19 60 354 A1, DE 24 44 667 A1 and EP 3 357 323 A1 each describe a haymaking machine with rotors in which the curved path is designed to be height-adjustable. It is already known that the rotor housing is designed to be height-adjustable. Thus, the distance of the prongs from the ground can be adjusted. The inclination or the pivot angle of the toothed tines is determined by the design of the control curve or curve path due to the production process. In view of the various applications and different operating conditions of a haymaking machine, it is desirable to adjust the swing angle accordingly. In particular, it is desirable, for example, to set the pivot angle as a function of the feed volume and the operating speed without requiring large structural measures. This has not been possible up to now.On the basis of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a haymaking machine and a corresponding method for adjusting the pivot angle of rake tines, which enable the pivot angle of the rake tines to be easily adapted to different conditions.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 20.The haymaking machine according to the present invention comprises at least one arithmetic gyro. The rake gyroscope comprises a rotor housing in which a plurality of revolving tine arms with rake tines are mounted. The tine arms herein rotate about the rotor axis A. A curved path is arranged in the rotor housing, via which the pivot angle α of the rake prongs about the longitudinal axis of the respective prong arm can be controlled as a function of the circumferential position of the prong arm. Pivot angle is understood here to mean, for example, the angle between the rake tine and a plane which is spanned by the longitudinal axis L of the tine arm and the rotor axis A or a vertical axis parallel thereto. A corresponding curved path allows the tine arms, when revolving around the rotor axis, to be rotated around their axis in such a way that the tines can either be brought into their rake position, i.e. working position, or can be lifted out of it. The haymaking machine further comprises a device for rotating the curved path relative to the rotor housing.According to the present invention, in addition to the control of the pivot angle by the closed curved path, there is now also a further adjustment possibility for the pivot angle, i.e. the tine position in the working phase. According to the present invention, the cam track is height-adjustable within the rotor housing by means of a drive. This means that the cam track can be height-adjusted relative to the rotor housing. Whereas in the prior art only the rotor housing together with the cam track was height-adjustable, the height of the cam track in the rotor housing can now alternatively or additionally be adjusted relative to the rotating elements, so that by this movement the tine arms are also rotated in their longitudinal axis L and the pivot angle or the tine position in the working phase correspondingly changes. Thus, by means of this height adjustment of the curved track, a more or less soft or hard engagement of the toothed prongs can be realized. Thus, for example, the swivel angle or the tine position α can be adapted to the feed volume and be gently adjusted in the case of little or light feed, for example by adjusting the swivel angle or the tine position such that the straight end region of the tines is inclined forward in the rotational direction. A normal adjustment of the prongs, for example with a normally heavy feed in normal quantities, can be achieved if the lower straight portion of the prongs is inclined rearwardly opposite to the direction of rotation. Aggressive grip adjustment, for example for a large amount of feed and heavy feed, can be realized by inclining the lower straight portion of the prongs even further backward against the direction of rotation of the rotor.The cam track is height-adjustable, wherein it is additionally possible to provide a device for rotating the cam track relative to the rotor housing in order to exactly adjust or shift the control times for lifting the tine arms into the working position. This means that the cam track is additionally mounted rotatably about a rotor axis A, preferably about a transmission housing.The agricultural worker can choose between gentle normal and aggressive adjustment of the prongs by easily adjusting the height of the curved path. Thus, by adjusting the height of the curved path, the pivot angle of the rake teeth can be changed accordingly.According to a preferred embodiment, the tine arms are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to levers, in particular roller levers, wherein the ends of the levers facing away from the respective tine arm are guided in the cam track, wherein in particular the rollers run in the cam track. Thus, the pivot angle can be fixed at the factory by a specific construction or a specific height profile of the curved path as a function of the circumferential position and can now additionally be adjusted by the agricultural worker through the height-adjustable curved path and adapted to individual requirements.According to a preferred embodiment, the height adjustment can be effected electrically. For this purpose, a spindle motor with a pulse generator sensor is provided in particular. By means of the motor and a corresponding cam holder, the height of the non-rotating cam track in the rotor housing can then be adjusted in a simple manner. The electrical adjustment possibility makes it possible for the agricultural host to be able to automatically exactly adapt the pivot angle of the rake tines from the tractor if the latter is too hard or too soft.According to a preferred embodiment, the device for rotating the curved path comprises a setting lever, by means of which the curved path can be rotated about the rotor axis A and which can be guided in a rotationally secure manner on the rotor chassis. Such a lever can be easily attached, for example, on or inserted, and can rotate the curved path, in particular about the transmission housing. Advantageously, a device is then provided for fixing the curved path in the rotated position.The device for rotating the cam track can thus shift the control times for lifting the tine arms into the working position, wherein the cam track can be adjusted in particular by an angle up to + / -50°, preferably up to + / -20°, about the rotor axis A. Advantageously, when the cam track is rotated in a range of up to + / - 20°, the height of the cam track in the rotor housing is not adjusted, or else by only a slight amount of, for example, < + / - 1 mm, which is to be ignored. This means that preferably the turning of the cam track and the height adjustment of the cam track are decoupled.The motor is in particular fastened via a holder. According to one exemplary embodiment, the motor itself remains unmoved during the height adjustment of the curved path, i.e. the motor itself is not height adjusted. For this purpose, the motor is fastened, for example with its holder, to a static part of the transmission device, for example to the transmission housing above the cam track. The rotor housing is rotatably mounted on the rotor axis and is driven by the transmission. It is also possible for the motor to be fastened to the cam track and to execute a relative movement with respect to a transmission housing when the cam track is adjusted in height.According to a preferred embodiment, the cam track is arranged in such a way that it is movable both up and down (in the axial direction) on a transmission housing and is rotatably mounted around the transmission housing (i.e. around the rotor axis). Preferably, the motor is arranged in such a way that it rotates with the rotation of the cam track about the rotor axis by the rotation device. Such an arrangement permits, on the one hand, height adjustment and, on the other hand, also presetting of the exact control times.According to a preferred embodiment, the haymaking machine can be designed such that a spindle driven by the motor can move the curved path upwards and downwards, in particular via a spindle nut which is fixed in the curved path.Then, for example, the motor can be arranged on the cam track on the upper side of the cam track and the spindle bearing can be arranged on the lower side of the cam track.Alternatively, it is also possible for the cam track to be fastened to the transmission housing via a threaded bushing and for the motor to drive a worm wheel or spur gear or a corresponding wheel on the cam track, which drive the threaded bushing, which is machined on the inner side with right and left threads, wherein, when the cam track is adjusted in height, the threaded bushing carries out an axial relative movement with respect to the transmission housing.The motor can either be fastened to the cam track or, in particular, on a pivot lever on the cam track, so that during the height adjustment of the cam track, the motor, spindle and, for example, spindle nut or threaded piece perform a pivoting movement. However, it is also possible for the electric motor to be supported with a pivot bearing against the transmission housing. It is also possible for the motor to be fastened to the curved track from below and for a spindle bearing to be supported from above and for a spindle nut to be supported on a pivot bearing which is arranged rotatably about the transmission housing.All of these embodiments, as described above, make possible both height adjustability of the cam track and rotation about the rotor axis A for setting the control times.The term "fastened to the cam track" is understood in this application to be fastened to a cam track element (also by means of holders), wherein the cam track element comprises both the actual guide for the levers and an adjoining part which is mounted rotatably about the axis of rotation or the transmission housing.The curved path can be moved upwards or downwards, for example, by an adjustment distance of ±6-12 mm from a middle position, in such a way that a relative change of the pivot angle of the rake tines occurs in a range of up to ±5-10 degrees. This means that, for example, an adjustment of the pivot angle per adjustment travel of 0.4-1.6° / mm, in particular 0.6-1° / mm, preferably occurs. Thus, an ideal fine adjustment of the angular position of the rake tines is possible.In a method for adjusting the pivot angle of rake teeth about the longitudinal axis of a respective tine arm of a rake gyroscope of a haymaking machine, a curved path, via which the pivot angles of the rake teeth about the longitudinal axis of the respective tine arm are controlled depending on the circumferential position of the tine arm, is height adjusted in a rotor housing of the rake gyroscope.A corresponding adjustment can be adapted either before the haymaking machine is operated and / or also during operation. This is advantageous in particular when the agricultural host notes during operation that the setting of the pivot angle does not fit, for example is too gentle or too aggressive, wherein corresponding changes are then immediately possible.According to a preferred embodiment, the height of the curved path is adjusted as a function of the feed quantity or crop quantity and / or the feed weight or crop weight. Feed quantity (quantity of crop material) is understood to mean, for example, the volume of feed (crop material) per unit area, and feed weight is understood to mean, for example, the weight of feed per unit area. Alternatively or additionally, the height of the curved path can also be adjusted as a function of further parameters, for example the torque of the windrower drive, the working speed, the rotational speed of the rotor, the feed loss, the feed contamination, the windrow width and height and / or the humidity of the crop material or feed. The parameter or parameters can be detected via a detection device, wherein the corresponding measured values are then forwarded to a control device. Thus, automatic adjustment of the cam track height is possible.According to a preferred embodiment, it is possible that a lower region of the toothed tines in its working position is pivoted rearward counter to the rotational direction D of the rotor housing for gentle adjustment to a pivot angle α between the lower region of the toothed tines and a plane which is spanned by the longitudinal axis L of the tine arm and the rotor axis A or a vertical axis parallel thereto, of 6°-0°, in particular 1°, or is pivoted forward up to an angle between 0° and -2° in the rotational direction D of the rotor housing if gentle adjustment is desired. Pivoted rearward here means that, viewed in the direction of rotation, the lower free ends of the rack prongs are situated further rearward than the parts of the lower region of the rack prongs situated above it, i.e. that the entire straight lower region of the rack prongs is tilted forwardly, viewed in the direction of rotation.Alternatively, it is possible that a lower region of the rake prongs is pivoted in its working position to a pivot angle α between the lower region and a plane spanned by the longitudinal axis L of the prong arm and the rotor axis A or a vertical axis parallel thereto or a vertical axis parallel thereto, of -2 to -6°, in particular -4°, forward in the direction of rotation D of the rotor housing if a normal setting is desired.It is also possible that a lower region of the rake tines in its working position is pivoted forward in the direction of rotation D of the rotor housing to a pivot angle α between the lower region and a plane which is spanned by the longitudinal axis L of the tine arm and the rotor axis A, of -6 to -14°, in particular -9°, if aggressive adjustment is desired. Pivoted forward here means that, viewed in the direction of rotation, the lower free ends of the rack prongs are situated further forward than the parts of the lower region of the rack prongs situated above them, that is to say that the entire straight lower region is tilted rearward.In this definition, the term "range of rake tines" is understood to mean, for example, in the case of rake tines which have at least one bend, the lower straight part facing the ground. Of course, this formulation also includes the lower region of straight rake tines.The term "working position" is understood to mean a rake position, i.e. a position in which the rake tines are pivoted downward toward the ground. When the tine arms rotate about the axis A, the rake tines are in the working position about 36-41% of their orbit.According to a preferred embodiment, the height of the curved path is adjusted automatically. For this purpose, the haymaking machine preferably comprises a control / regulating device which actuates the motor in order to automatically adjust the curved path relative to the rotor housing. Measured values are passed to the control / regulating device. The height of the curved path is then set or regulated as a function of measured values of at least one detection device. This enables a correct setting of the height of the curved path to be realized at all times without the agricultural host having to determine and set a corresponding height. A correction or regulation of the height in the case of changing conditions, such as a change in the volume and or the condition of the crop material or feed or swath height, etc., is also possible during the method.According to a preferred embodiment, the haymaking machine can have a camera as a detection device, for example a video camera and / or a laser sensor, which are mounted on the tractor or on the windrow. Particularly advantageously, a camera and / or at least one sensor are mounted on the tractor front side, which generate video and / or sensor signals that correspond to the feed mass / and feed quantity. The haymaking machine can also comprise as detection device at least one sensor or a camera each for determining crop losses, windrow size and feed soiling. These sensors are preferably installed immediately behind the swather. The haymaking machine can also comprise at least one moisture sensor as a detection device. The moisture of the crop material in turn has an influence on the weight or the volume of the crop material or feed, so that it is advantageous to set the height of the curved path as a function of corresponding measured values.The haymaking machine can also comprise as a detection device at least one height sensor which measures the swath height as a measured value. A corresponding detection device can be a radar measuring device, for example. The height can be determined relative to a reference point, such as the ground and / or frame of the windrow, etc.It is especially advantageous if the haymaking machine has a sensor for the spindle motor for determining the position of the curved path. Then, for example, a control / regulating device can always determine and set the correct pivot angle.According to one exemplary embodiment, the cam track can be adjusted by means of a hydraulic cylinder.According to a preferred embodiment, the position of the curved path can also be adjusted as a function of a GPS signal and a digital map in which special conditions are recorded in the field (such as, for example, moor, rocks, yield map on, etc.).According to a preferred embodiment, the haymaking machine further comprises a device for adjusting the height of the rotor housing, so that the actual position of the curved path and also the actual position of the tine arms, i.e. the distance from the ground results from an addition of the height setting of the rotor housing and the height setting of the curved path. To set the height of the rotor housing, the same parameters as for adjusting the curved path can be determined and used as a basis via the corresponding detection devices.It is particularly advantageous if, when the machine is moved into a transport position, the curved path is adjusted in height in such a way that the rake tines, in particular the lower part of the rake tines, pivot inward toward the center of the haymaking machine, wherein, in the transport position, the cantilevers are pivoted upward, in particular vertically upward (+ / - 15°). Thus, the adjustment of the curved path serves not only for setting the pivot angle of the rake tines during operation, but is also advantageous for adjusting the tines in the transport position. Advantageously, the toothed tines are then adjusted to a 40-60° position, preferably a 45° position, wherein at a 0° position in the working position, the lower part of the toothed tines is vertically oriented. For this purpose, the cam disk and the adjustment path are designed accordingly.This solution thus has the effect that the haymaking machine, in particular multi-circular swaths, have a reduced transport width. In addition, the risk of injury is significantly reduced since the prongs are pivoted inward. At present, the tine ends must be covered with protective strips in the transport position so that other road users are not injured by the laterally protruding tine ends in the event of accidents. The driver must descend before each transport trip and place the guard bars in position. This work can now be omitted.Further preferred embodiments are evident from the further dependent claims.The present invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the following figures. Fig. 1 schematically shows a partial view of a haymaking machine 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a roughly schematic section through a part of a computing gyroscope 2 according to the present invention FIG. 3 is a roughly schematic longitudinal sectional view of a part of a rotary rake 2 according to the present invention FIG. 4 aschematically shows a part of the cam guide according to the invention in a perspective illustration FIG. 4 bshows schematically an alternative embodiment for adjusting the height of the curved track 6 FIG. 5a shows roughly schematically a gentle setting of the rake teeth 5 FIG. 5 bshows roughly schematically a normal setting of the rake tines 5 FIG. 5 cshows roughly schematically an aggressive adjustment of the rake tines 5 FIG. 6 ashows roughly schematically in perspective a tine arm 4 in a first pivot position FIG. 6 bshows the tine arm 4 shown in FIG. 6 ain a second pivot position FIG. 6 cshows, in simplified and roughly schematic form, an arrangement of roller levers and tine arms 4 in the rotor housing in cross section FIG. 7 ashows a roughly schematic section through a part of a computing gyroscope according to a further embodiment FIG. 7 bshows the arithmetic gyro shown in FIG. 7 ain perspective illustration FIG. 7 cshows the arithmetic gyro shown in FIGS. 7 aand bin a further perspective illustration FIG. 8 ashows a roughly schematic section through a part of a computing gyroscope according to a further embodiment FIG. 8 bshows the arithmetic gyro shown in FIG. 8 ain perspective illustration FIG. 8 cshows the arithmetic gyro shown in FIGS. 8 aand bin a further perspective illustration FIG. 9 ashows a roughly schematic section through a part of a computing gyroscope according to a further embodiment FIG. 9 bshows the arithmetic gyro shown in FIG. 9 ain a perspective illustration FIG. 9 cshows the arithmetic gyro shown in FIGS. 9 aand bin a further perspective illustration FIG. 10 ashows a roughly schematic section through a part of a computing gyroscope according to a further embodiment FIG. 10 bshows the arithmetic gyro shown in FIG. 10 ain a perspective illustration FIG. 10 cshows the arithmetic gyro shown in FIGS. 10 aand bin a further perspective illustration FIG. 11 ashows a roughly schematic section through a part of a computing gyroscope according to a further embodiment FIG. 11 bshows the arithmetic gyro shown in FIG. 11 ain a perspective illustration FIG. 12 shows a perspective illustration of a rotor with a device for rotating the curved path FIG. 13 schematically shows a hydraulic drive for adjusting the curved path FIG. 14 shows schematically the haymaking machines in a transport positionFIG. 1 shows a part of a haymaking machine 1 in the form of a swather, with a rotary rake 2 which is fastened to a supporting frame. FIG. 2 schematically shows a section through a part of a rotary rake 2. the rotary rake 2 has a rotor housing 3. The rotor housing 3 is mounted rotatably about the rotor axis A and is driven in a conventional manner in a revolving manner by a transmission 110, for example a bevel gear transmission 110, which is mounted in a corresponding housing. The tine arms 4 are mounted in the openings 16 of the rotor housing 3 and are driven by the rotor housing 3. As can be seen, for example, from FIGS. 5 and 6, rake prongs 5 are arranged on the tine arms 4. The pivot angle α about the longitudinal axis L of the tine arm 4 can be adjusted during the rotation of the tine arms 4 about the axis A.For this purpose, the corresponding tine arms 4 have a lever 8, in particular roller levers 8, at their end facing the rotor axis A, wherein the tine arms 4 are each connected to the levers 8 in a rotationally fixed manner. The end 9 of the lever 8 facing away from the respective tine arm 4 is guided in a curved path 6 fastened, for example, to the transmission housing 11. This end region 9 is preferably designed as a roller 9 which rolls in the curved track 6, as can be seen in particular from FIGS. 2, 3 to 4. The bearing surface of the cam track 6 for the rollers changes its height during a revolution. As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 6 aand 6 b, the pivot angle α of the rake prongs 5 also changes as a result of the vertical movement of the roller lever 8, FIG. 6 a shows, for example, an angle α of 0°, i.e. an angle at which the rake prongs 5 are oriented perpendicularly to a ground surface, i.e. vertically, or are oriented parallel to a plane which is spanned by the longitudinal axis L of the corresponding tine arm 5 and the rotor axis A or a vertical axis parallel thereto. If the lever 8 is now moved upwards through the cam track 6, as is shown by the arrow, the tine arm 4 is rotated about its longitudinal axis L, wherein the tines 5 are also correspondingly pivoted, for example to 70°, as can be seen from FIG. 6 b. Thus, the rake prongs 5 can either be brought into their rake position, i.e. working position, during a revolution or can be lifted again from the latter.As can be seen in the roughly schematic illustration in FIG. 6 c, a plurality of tine arms 4 are arranged uniformly distributed, wherein the rake tines are not illustrated here for the sake of simplicity. The rollers 9 of the levers 8 run in the curved path 6, not shown here, wherein the roller levers 8 are mounted at their end 8 afacing outwards in such a way that the rotational movement of the tine arms 4 about their longitudinal axis L is possible in the event of a change in the height of the rollers 9. FIG. 2 shows the cam track 6 in a central position in the rotor housing 3. According to the present invention, the cam track 6 is mounted on the transmission housing 11 in a height-adjustable manner, i.e. the closed cam track 6 can be moved upwards and downwards by, for example, 6 to 12 mm, here, for example, 7 mm. Since the tine arms 4 are mounted in the rotor housing 3 and are driven by the rotor housing 3, an adjustment of the height of the cam control entails that the lever arm 8, as shown in FIGS. 6 aand 6 b, is also thereby additionally moved upwards or downwards, which in turn leads to an additional rotation of the tine arm 4 about its longitudinal axis L and thus to a change of the pivot angle α. The curved path 6 can be moved upwards and downwards from a middle position, for example, by an adjustment distance of ±5 to 10°, in such a way that a change in the pivot angle α of the rake tines 5 of up to ±5 to 10° occurs. Thus, the basic position or tine position can be exactly adjusted or adapted in the working phase.For adjusting the cam track 6 on the transmission housing 11, a motor 7 is preferably provided. As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 3 and 4, this motor is preferably a spindle motor 7 which is fastened to a stationary element of the transmission 110, for example the transmission housing 11, which is arranged here above the rotor housing 3, via a holder 10. It is also possible, although not shown, for the motor to be fastened to the cam track 6 and to execute, for example, a relative movement with respect to the transmission housing 11. In this specific exemplary embodiment from FIG. 4 a, above a fastening section 17 of the cam track 6, a threaded piece 14 is provided on the spindle 13 of the spindle motor 7, which moves together with the cam track 6 during the adjustment of the spindle. The lock nut 14 clamps the spindle nut 15 to the cam track 6. The cam track 6 in the rotor housing 3 can thus be adjusted in height by the threaded spindle 13 of the motor 7. The curved path 6 is guided along the axis A by the threaded spindle 13. FIG. 4 bshows an alternative embodiment for adjusting the height of the cam track 6, wherein the cam track 6 is guided, for example with left-hand thread, on a threaded bushing 17, which is guided with right-hand thread on the transmission housing 11 and is driven via a toothing 18. The motor 7 can now be selectively fastened to the transmission housing 11 or to the cam track 6. This embodiment permits adjustment of the control time, whereby the adjusting lever 20 is fastened to the underside 30 of the curved track 6 and is guided in a rotationally secure manner on the gyro chassis 32, and thus brings about the optimum time for the lifting of the prongs on the swath, which is also evident, for example, from FIG. 12.By adjusting the curved path 6, the pivot angle α, i.e. the basic setting of the pivot angle or the tine position in the working phase, can be adapted to different working conditions. Thus, a gentle, a normal and an aggressive adjustment of the pivot angle of the tine arms is possible.FIGS. 7 a, b, c show a further embodiment according to the present invention, which substantially corresponds to the preceding exemplary embodiments, i.e. that the spindle driven by the electric motor 7 travels the curved path 6. The motor 7 is supported by a pivot bearing 21 against the transmission housing 11, as can be seen from FIGS. 7a, b, c.As can be seen from FIG. 12, according to the present invention, at least one connection point 30 for a setting lever is provided, for example, on the underside of the cam track 6, so that a device 20 is produced for rotating the cam track 6 relative to the rotor housing 3, i.e. around the rotor axis A or around the transmission housing 11. With the locking device 34, the cam track 6 is guided in the corresponding rotated position in a height-adjustable manner. By means of the device 20 for rotating the cam track 6, the control times for lowering the tine arms 4 into the working position can be shifted or exactly adjusted. In particular, the curved path can be adjusted by up to + / -50°, preferably up to + / -20°, from a position set in advance about the rotor axis A. A corresponding device 20 is also provided for the further exemplary embodiments, even if this is not explicitly described.In the exemplary embodiment from FIGS. 7 a, b, c, the cam track can rotate about the axis A without the height of the cam track 6 in the rotor housing being adjusted. This means that the rotation of the cam track and the height adjustment of the cam track are decoupled. When the cam track 6 is rotated about the axis A, the motor 7, which is connected to a spindle bearing, simply rotates along. Thus, the cam track is movable up and down both in the axial direction on the transmission housing 11 and is rotatably mounted around the transmission housing 11.Figures 8a, b, c show another embodiment according to the present invention. This exemplary embodiment also substantially corresponds to the preceding exemplary embodiments, wherein here too the electric motor 7 is fastened to the cam track 6 in a horizontal orientation and here drives a worm wheel 24. Furthermore, a threaded bushing 23 is provided, which connects the cam track 6 to the transmission housing 11. The threaded bushing 23 has, for example, a right-hand thread and a left-hand thread on the inner side and can be driven by the electric motor 7 via the worm wheel 24. During a height adjustment, the threaded bushing 23 carries out an axial relative movement with respect to the transmission housing 11 and a relative movement with respect to the electric motor 7, which is fastened to the cam track 6. If the cam track 6 is now adjusted about the rotor axis A for presetting the control times, the threaded bushing is adjusted by the same amount by this movement, but the height of the cam track 6 changes only minimally, i.e. by <1 mm.Figures 9a, b, c show a further embodiment according to the present invention, which substantially corresponds to the previous embodiments, in which case the electric motor 7 is pivotably mounted on a rocker arm 26. The rocker lever 26 is rotatably mounted in the bearing 27 (FIG. 9 a ) and is supported via the guide 28 in a groove 29 on the transmission housing 11. The adjustment of the cam track 6 takes place via movement of the spindle 13. During the adjustment of the cam track 6, the electric motor 7, spindle 13 and spindle nut 15 likewise execute a pivoting movement. Here too, it is possible to decouple the rotational movement of the cam track 6 and the height adjustment of the cam track 6.FIGS. 10 ato c show a further exemplary embodiment which substantially corresponds to the preceding exemplary embodiments, wherein here, however, the motor is arranged from below with respect to the cam track 6 and the spindle bearing 31 is fastened from above to the cam track 6. The spindle nut 15 is supported here rotatably on the transmission housing 11 via a bearing 21. When the motor 7 is driven, the cam track 6 moves up and down together with the motor 7. This embodiment is well suited for a manual actuator for rotating the cam track 6 about the rotor axis A at the opening of the bottom side of the rotor housing 3.FIGS. 11 aand 11 b show a further exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, which corresponds substantially to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 a, b, c, wherein, however, the motor 7 is fixed to the cam track 6 in a vertical orientation from below and the spur gear bearing 31 is fixed to the cam track 6 from above. The spur gear 25 drives the threaded bushing 23, which is again designed as in connection with the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 8. During the adjusting movement or height adjustment, the threaded bushing 23 carries out an axial relative movement with respect to the transmission housing 11 and with respect to the spur gear bearing 31, which is likewise fastened to the cam track 6. When adjusting the control times (for example + / - 20°), the threaded bushing 23 is adjusted by the same amount and in the process changes the height of the curved path only minimally, i.e. <1 mm.It is essential in the preceding exemplary embodiments that both an adjustment of the cam track in the axial direction, i.e. an adjustment of the height, is possible, and a rotation about the transmission housing 11 for adjusting the control times.FIG. 13 shows a centrally arranged, double-acting hydraulic cylinder which is structurally integrated in the transmission housing 11 and in the cam track 6 and has a position measuring system.If the upper annular piston chamber 35 is pressurized via the control device 38, the cam path is adjusted downward. In order to move the cam track 6 upwards, the lower annular piston chamber 36 is supplied with oil pressure. A double unlockable check valve 37 secures the preselected position of the cam track upon pressure drop. The adjustment of the control times is ensured in this exemplary embodiment.As can be seen, for example, from FIGS. 5 ato 5 c, the rake prongs 5 can be designed in such a way that they have a bend, wherein the lower straight region 5 aof the rake prongs 5 is considered here for the basic setting of the pivot angle α.FIG. 5 ashows, for example, a gentle setting of the rake prongs 5 with, for example, a pivot angle α of 6-1°, in particular 1° here. This means that the lower region 5 aof the toothed tines 5 is set at an angle of 1° relative to a plane which is spanned by the longitudinal axis L of a respective toothed tine 5 and the rotor axis A or a vertical axis parallel thereto. This can be realized, for example, by adjusting the height of the curved path 6 by a corresponding amount. The lower region 5 aof the corresponding toothed tine 5 is tilted rearward when viewed in the direction of rotation D.FIG. 5 bshows a normal setting of the rake prongs 5, wherein the rake prongs 5 are set to grip in such a way that the lower region 5 ais pivoted by an angle α of -2.-6h, in particular -4°, relative to a plane which is spanned by the longitudinal axis L of a respective rake prong 5 and the rotor axis A or a vertical axis parallel thereto. The lower region 5 aof the corresponding toothed tine 5 is tilted forward, as viewed in the direction of rotation DFIG. 5 cshows an aggressive setting of the rake prongs at an angle α of -6 to -14° here in particular -9°, below which the lower region 5 aof the prongs is pivoted, i.e. that the lower region is tilted forward.A gentle setting, as shown in FIG. 5 a, is suitable, for example, for a small amount of feed or light feed, since the prongs 5 are not deflected here or are deflected only slightly. A normal setting as shown in Fig. 5b is suitable for, for example, normally heavy feed occurring in normal amounts. Aggressive adjustment, as shown in Figure 5c, is suitable for example for heavy or heavy feed and high working speed, since the prongs 5 are strongly deflected here.The height by which, in a specific embodiment, the curved path is to be raised or lowered in order to achieve a desired basic position of the pivot angle α in the working position of the toothed rakes can be determined experimentally or else calculated.In a method for setting the pivot angle α, the cam track 6 is adjusted within the rotor housing 3 relative to the transmission housing 11 in order to correspondingly adapt the position of the rake tines 5 in the working range of the rake tines 5. In this case, the vertical position of the curved path 6 can be adjusted before the haymaking machine 1 is operated or during operation, if the agricultural worker notes that the adjustment has to be changed, for example, depending on the feed volume. It is also possible for the haymaking machine 1 to additionally have a device 33 with which the rotor housing 3 itself can additionally be adjusted in height. Thus, an ideal and combined adaptation of the rake tine position is possible. The device 33 consists of a height adjustment spindle which is axially supported on both sides in the gearbox housing 11 and supports the chassis axle 32 axially via the spindle thread. Alternatively, the device 33 consists of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder.According to a preferred embodiment, the height of the curved path 6 is adjusted automatically. For this purpose, the haymaking machine 1 preferably comprises a control / regulating device (not shown) which actuates the motor 7 in order to automatically adjust the curved path 6. The measured values are passed to the control / regulating device. A decision support system may be used for this purpose. By way of a characteristic diagram, for example, the measured values are evaluated as a function of different working strategies. The height of the curved path 6 is then set or regulated as a function of evaluated measured values of at least one detection device. This makes it possible to always realize a correct setting of the height of the curved path 6 without the agricultural host having to determine and set a corresponding height. Working strategies are, for example, the reduction of feed contamination or the reduction of feed losses. A correction or regulation of the height in the case of changing conditions, such as a change in the volume / quantity and or the condition of the crop material or feed or swath height or of the underlying surface, is also possible continuously during the method.According to a preferred embodiment, it is also possible to minimize the width of the device in the transport position and to reduce the risk of injury in the case of outward projecting rake tines 5. For this purpose, when the transport position is reached or during the upward movement of the booms, a control command is triggered and the curved path in the rotor housing is, for example, displaced completely upward, but at all events is displaced upward to such an extent that the rake tines are pivoted into a 40-60° position. Securing elements which are manually placed on the rake tines for transporting roads are then no longer required.A further benefit is the method in which the cam disk is automatically adjusted during the changeover from the front end into the working position into a gentle adjustment of the rake tines 5 of 10°-6° and again assumes the preselected normal position about 0.5 seconds after the placement into the working position. Thus, when the rotor hits the ground, a load peak in the drive train is avoided and the dirt input into the chuck is reduced.According to a preferred embodiment, the haymaking machine 1 can have a camera, for example a video camera and / or a laser sensor, as a detection device, which is mounted on the tractor or on the windrow. Particularly advantageously, a camera and / or at least one sensor are mounted on the tractor front side, which generate video and / or sensor signals that correspond to the feed mass. In addition, a speed and speed signal is required, but this is usually provided by the tractor.The haymaking machine can also comprise as detection device at least one sensor each for determining the crop losses, the swath size, the stubble height, the rotor height and the feed soiling. These sensors are preferably installed immediately behind the windrowerThe haymaking machine 1 can also comprise at least one moisture sensor as a detection device. The moisture of the crop or feed in turn has an influence on the quantity, in particular the weight or the volume, of the crop or feed, so that it is advantageous to set the height of the curved path 6 as a function of corresponding measured values.The haymaking machine 1 can also comprise as a detection device at least one height sensor which measures the swath height as a measured value. A corresponding detection device can be a radar measuring device, for example.Finally, the haymaking machine can also comprise a further device for adjusting the height 33 of the rotor housing itself in order to adjust the distance of the rotor from the ground. The distance of the rake tines from the ground is thus dependent on the height adjustment of the cam track within the rotor housing and on the adjusted position of the rotor housing itself. For adjusting the height of the rotor or rotor housing, the same parameters can be used as the basis for adjusting the height of the cam track.

Claims

Haymaking machine (1), in particular windrower with at least one rotary rake (2), which comprises: - a rotor housing (3), - a plurality of tine arms (4) with rotary teeth (5) revolving about a rotor axis (A), - a cam track (6) in the rotor housing (3), by means of which a pivot angle (α) of the rotary teeth (5) about the longitudinal axis (L) of the respective tine arm (4) can be controlled as a function of the revolving position of the tine arm (4), and - a device (20) for rotating the cam track (6) relative to the rotor housing (3), characterized in that the cam track (6) is height-adjustable within the rotor housing (3) by means of a drive (7).Haymaking machine (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the pivot angle (α) of the rake teeth (5) can be changed by adjusting the height of the curved track (6).Haymaking machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the tine arms (5) are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to levers (8), in particular to roller levers (8), wherein the ends of the levers (8) facing away from the tine arms (4) are guided in the cam track (6), in particular the rollers (9) run in the cam track (6).Haymaking machine (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the device (20) for rotating the cam track (6) comprises a connection (30) for a setting lever, via which the cam track (6) can be rotated about the rotor axis (A) and in particular a fixing device (34) for fixing the rotated position.Haymaking machine (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the control times for lowering the tine arms (4) into the working position can be shifted by the device (20) for rotating the cam track (6) and in particular the cam track can be adjusted by up to + / -50°, preferably up to + / - 20°, about the rotor axis A.Haymaking machine (1) according to claim 5, characterised in that when the cam track is rotated by up to + / - 20°, the height of the cam track (6) in the rotor housing (3) does not adjust or does adjust by < + / - 1 mm, wherein preferably the rotation of the cam track (6) and the height adjustment of the cam track (6) are decoupled.Haymaking machine (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a motor (7) is fastened via a holder and remains unmoved during the height adjustment of the cam track (6), or is fastened to the cam track (6) and carries out relative movements with respect to a transmission housing (11).Haymaking machine (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the motor (7) is fastened with its holder to a static part, in particular a gearbox housing (11), and the rotor housing (3) is rotatably mounted on the rotor axis (A), wherein the rotor housing (3) is driven by the gearbox (110).Haymaking machine (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cam track (6) is arranged in such a way that it can be moved up and down on a transmission housing (11), as well as is mounted rotatably around the transmission housing, and preferably the drive (7), in particular the motor (7), is arranged in such a way that it rotates along by the device (20) when the cam track (6) is rotated around the rotor axis (A).Haymaking machine (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that either a) a spindle (13) driven by the motor (7) moves the cam track (6) upwards or downwards, in particular via a spindle nut (15) or b) the cam track (6) is fastened to the transmission housing (11) via a threaded bushing (23) and the motor (7) drives a worm wheel (24) or spur wheel (25) on the cam track (6) which drive the threaded bushing (23), wherein, during a height adjustment, the threaded bushing (23) and the cam track (6) execute an axial relative movement with respect to the transmission housing (11).Haymaking machine (1) according to claim 10, characterised in that in case a): the motor (7) is either fastened to the curved path (6) or in particular to a pivot lever (26) on the curved path, so that during the height adjustment of the curved path the motor (7), spindle (13) and spindle nut (15) perform a pivoting movement or that the motor is supported with a pivot bearing (21) against the gear housing (11) or the motor (7) is fastened from below and a spindle bearing (31) is fastened from above to the curved path (6) and a spindle nut (15) is supported on a pivot bearing (21) about the gear housing (11).Haymaking machine (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the curved path (6) can be moved upwards or downwards from a central position during operation by an adjustment distance of ± 6 to 12 mm in such a way that a change in the pivot angle of the rake teeth (5) occurs in a range of + / - 5 to 10 degrees.Haymaking machine (1) according to at least claim 1, characterised in that the haymaking machine (1) comprises a control / regulating device which controls the drive in order to automatically adjust the curved path (6), and wherein in particular the height of the curved path (6) is adjusted or regulated as a function of measured values of at least one detection device.Haymaking machine (1) according to at least claim 13, characterised in that the haymaking machine (1) further comprises, as detection device, a camera and / or a laser sensor, which are preferably mounted on the tractor, wherein the height of the curved path (6) is adjusted or regulated as a function of video signals and / or sensor signals corresponding to the mass or the quantity of the crop material and / or an optical sensor, in particular a camera, is fastened in such a way and monitors the ground behind the rotor, wherein curved, in particular semicircular, grooves can be detected on the ground, which indicate that the adjustment of the calculation prongs is too aggressive and the height of the curved path is adjusted accordingly, and / or wherein rod-shaped lines and spots behind the rotor can be detected on the ground, which indicate that, that the crop material is not taken up cleanly and feed loss occurs and the height of the curved path is adjusted accordingly, and / or the haymaking machine (1) further comprises as detection device at least one moisture sensor, which as measured value can measure the moisture of the crop or feed, wherein the height of the curved path (6) is adjusted or regulated depending on corresponding measured values and / or the haymaking machine (1) further comprises as detection device at least one height sensor, which as measured value measures the windrow height and / or width as measured value, wherein the height of the curved path (6) is adjusted or regulated depending on corresponding measured values and / or the working speed, in particular the tractor speed and / or rotational speed of the rotor are detected and the height of the curved path is adjusted accordingly, wherein a more aggressive adjustment takes place at a higher tractor speed and / or rotational speed than at a corresponding lower tractor speed or speed.Haymaking machine (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that a spindle motor (7) has a sensor for determining the height of the curved path (6).Haymaking machine (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the adjustment of the curved path (6) takes place with the motor (7), in particular spindle motor (7) or a hydraulic actuator, in particular hydraulic cylinder.Haymaking machine (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that a comparison is made with a GPS signal and a digital map in which special conditions are recorded in the field such as, in particular, moor, rocks, yield map, and the height adjustment of the curved path (6) is adapted accordingly.Haymaking machine (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 17, characterised in that the haymaking machine (1) further comprises a device (33) for adjusting the height of the rotor housing (3).Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 18, characterised in that a centrally arranged, double-acting hydraulic cylinder is provided as the drive for the cam disc, which hydraulic cylinder is structurally integrated in the transmission housing (11) and in the cam track (6) and has a position measuring system.Method for setting a pivot angle (α) of rake teeth (5) about the longitudinal axis (L) of a respective tooth arm (4) of a rake gyroscope (2) of a haymaking machine (1), in particular according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, in that a cam track (6), via which the pivot angles (α) of the rake teeth (5) about the longitudinal axis (L) of the respective tooth arm (4) can be controlled as a function of the circumferential position of the tooth arm (4), is height-adjusted within a rotor housing (3) of a rake gyroscope (2) of the haymaking machine (1), wherein the cam track (6) is rotated relative to the rotor housing (3) before operation.Method according to claim 20, characterised in that the cam control (6) is adjusted in its height before the operation of the haymaking machine (1) and / or during the operation of the haymaking machine (1).Method according to claim 20 or 21, characterised in that the height of the curved path (6) is set as a function of at least one of the following parameters: feed or feed. Crop material quantity and / or feed or feed material. Crop weight and / or swath height and width and / or humidity of the feed or crop and / or feed loss and / or feed contamination and / or working speed and or torque and / or rotational speed in the swath drive, wherein the parameter or parameters are preferably detected by means of a detection device and the measured values are forwarded to a control / regulating device and the height of the curved path is automatically set or regulated as a function of the measured values, in particular also by means of a decision support system as a function of different working strategies or a characteristic diagram with different working strategies.Method according to at least one of claims 20 - 22, characterised in that a lower region (5a) of the toothed tines (5) in its working position is pivoted rearwardly counter to the rotational direction (D) of the rotor housing for gentle adjustment to a pivot angle (α) between a plane which is spanned by the longitudinal axis (L) of the corresponding tine arm (4) and the rotor axis (A) or a vertical axis parallel thereto and the lower region (5a) of 6° to 0°, in particular 1°, or is pivoted rearwardly counter to the rotational direction (D) of the rotor housing or is pivoted forwardly up to an angle between 0° and -2° in the rotational direction (D) of the rotor housing (3), and / or in that a lower region (5a) of the toothed tines (5) in its working position is pivoted to a pivot angle (α) of - 2 to - 6°, in particular - 4°, when normally adjusted, The method according to the invention is characterized in that the operating position of the toothed rack (5) is pivoted forwardly in the direction of rotation (D) of the rotor housing (3) and / or that a lower region (5a) of the toothed rack (5) is pivoted forwardly in the direction of rotation (D) of the rotor housing (3) when set aggressively to a pivot angle (α) of -6 to -14°, in particular -9°.Method according to at least one of claims 20 to 23, characterised in that the cam track (6) is automatically adjusted in height during the change-over of the machine into the transport position, in which the arms on which the rotors are fastened are pivoted in particular vertically upwards, in such a way that the rake teeth, in particular the lower part of the rake teeth, are pivoted inwards to the centre of the haymaking machine, in particular is adjusted to a 40-60° position of the teeth, preferably to a +45° position of the teeth, wherein in a working position of a 0° position of the teeth the lower part of the rake teeth is oriented vertically, in particular runs parallel to the axis of rotation.Method according to claim 20, in which the cam disc is automatically adjusted to a gentle setting of 10°-6° when the front wall is moved from the front wall into the working position and again assumes the determined normal position a predetermined time, in particular 0.1-1 seconds, preferably 0.5 seconds, after the mounting into the working position.

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