One-piece feeder body for use in metal casting

Abstract

One-piece feeder body (1) for use as a component of a two- or multi-part telescopic feeder insert (40, 40') in metal casting, with a feeder wall (2) that at least partially defines a feeder cavity (42, 42') for receiving liquid metal, wherein the feeder wall (2) - a passage opening (12) for the liquid metal into the feeder cavity (42, 42') and - an outer surface (6) on which at least one outwardly projecting retaining element (10) and at least one guide part (8) with a sliding section (14) for a feeder element (20, 20') corresponding with the feeder body (1) are arranged, wherein the guide part (8) has a support section (16) projecting outwards on the outer surface (6), which extends, following the sliding section (14) of the guide part (8) for guiding the feeder element (20, 20'), in the direction of the passage opening (12).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a one-piece feeder body for use as a component of a two- or multi-part, telescopic feeder insert for metal casting, comprising a feeder wall that at least partially defines a feeder cavity for receiving liquid metal, wherein the feeder wall has a passage opening for the liquid metal into the feeder cavity and an outer surface on which at least one outwardly projecting retaining element and at least one guide element with a sliding section for a feeder element corresponding to the feeder body are arranged. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a two- or multi-part feeder insert for use in casting metals in molds and to a kit for manufacturing feeder inserts.

[0002] One-piece risers are used in a wide variety of applications in metal casting. Such risers are often part of a riser insert, also known as a riser system. In the casting process, a one-piece riser, together with a riser element, forms a two- or multi-part, telescopic riser insert. Its outer surface is at least partially surrounded by a molding material, such as molding sand, used to create the casting mold. Within the mold being produced, the riser and the riser insert formed from it are to be held in a fixed position relative to a cavity in the mold that is to be filled by the metal during the casting process. Known one-piece risers have a riser wall that at least partially defines a riser cavity for receiving the molten metal.The riser wall of the riser body typically has an inner surface that at least partially defines the riser cavity of the riser insert. The riser wall also includes an opening for the molten metal to enter the riser cavity. During the casting process, a portion of the molten metal used for casting enters this cavity through the opening. The metal in the riser cavity of the riser insert serves to feed the casting, which is kept in a liquid state for a certain period of time until the metal already present in the mold has at least partially solidified.

[0003] In order to counteract the high pressures acting on the molding material during the production of the casting mold nowadays, feeder inserts or feeder systems are used, which can be changed in their overall height when the molding material is pressed into a finished molded part.

[0004] From publication EP 1 184 104 A1, a feeder insert for use in metal casting is known, comprising two mold elements that are slidable into one another along its longitudinal axis and define the feeder cavity for receiving the liquid metal. During the compression process, one mold element is thus inserted into the other, or the other mold element is slid over the first. To fix the two mold elements in a starting position relative to each other before the compression process, retaining elements are provided on one of the mold elements, which are designed to support the other mold element. If the pressure during the compression of the molding material exceeds a predetermined value, the retaining elements on one mold element are either detached or deformed so that relative movement between the two mold elements is possible.

[0005] In addition to temporarily holding the relative moving parts of the feeder insert in a starting position using the retaining elements, the precise guidance during the relative movement of the feeder body and feeder element relative to each other, and thus the telescoping of the feeder insert, has become increasingly crucial for a smooth manufacturing process of the casting mold. The relative movement between the feeder body and a feeder element of the feeder insert is controlled by at least one guide element arranged on the outer surface of the feeder body.

[0006] The guide element has a sliding section for a feeder element corresponding to the feeder body, along which, as the molding material compacts, the inner surface of the feeder element, in particular, slides. The guide element typically projects from the outer surface of the feeder wall, so that the inner surface of the feeder element is only partially supported by the feeder wall, namely via the guide element(s). In the past, the guide element, which extends over a section along the outer surface of the feeder body, frequently broke off, at least partially, even before the feeder body was used as intended. This resulted in the feeder element, which is movably mounted to the feeder body, being guided unevenly towards the feeder body, thus creating a risk of the feeder element becoming jammed or tilted relative to the feeder body.

[0007] Based on the problem outlined above, the invention aims to provide a one-piece feeder body and a feeder insert that enable improved relative movement between the feeder body and the feeder element, and thus improved telescoping of the feeder insert, particularly while avoiding the disadvantages described above.

[0008] The invention solves the underlying problem by means of a feeder body for use as a component of a two- or multi-part, telescopic feeder insert in the casting of metals with the features according to claim 1. According to the invention, the guide part has a support section projecting outwards on the outer surface, which extends, following the sliding section of the guide part for guiding the feeder element, in the direction of the passage opening.

[0009] The invention thus relates to a one-piece feeder body comprising a feeder wall that at least partially defines a feeder cavity for receiving liquid metal. The feeder wall includes a passage opening for the liquid metal to enter the feeder cavity. Furthermore, preferably, an attachment area for connecting the feeder body to a mold pattern and / or a mold plate is provided on the outer surface in the region of the passage opening of the feeder wall. The invention utilizes the knowledge that the guide element, which in the prior art terminates at the free end of its sliding section with a shoulder, gains increased strength by means of a support section. With the support section, the guide element can better withstand external mechanical influences, such as forces acting upon it.This prevents premature breakage or deformation of the guide element before its intended use, namely when the inner side of the feeder element slides along it. Furthermore, the guide element, with the addition of the support section, also better withstands the forces occurring during the telescoping of the feeder body and feeder element relative to each other. Preferably, with a particularly vertical orientation of the feeder's longitudinal axis, the support section extends downwards from the sliding section of the guide element and thus towards the opening in the feeder wall. Like the guide element, the support section projects from the outer surface of the feeder wall, so that the step at the lower end of the sliding section of the guide element is at least reduced, preferably completely eliminated.This means that when the feeder element slides along the guide part, a frictional force acting on the sliding section is transferred from the sliding section via the support section to adjacent areas of the feeder wall.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment of the feeder body according to the invention, the sliding section has a sliding surface, and the support section has a closing surface, wherein the sliding surface is inclined at an angle α1 to the central axis and the closing surface is inclined at an angle α2 to the central axis of the passage opening, the angles being open in opposite directions. By means of the inventive design of the support section, it is ensured that no frictional action occurs on the support section itself during the relative movement of the feeder body and the feeder element to each other, due to the inner surface of the feeder element. Preferably, the sliding surface on the sliding section and the closing surface on the support section of the feeder body according to the invention are inclined in opposite directions to the central axis of the passage opening.Preferably, the sliding surface widens in the direction of movement of the feeder element relative to the feeder body. The widening sliding surface of the guide part thus at least partially counteracts the sliding movement of the feeder element relative to the feeder body. The end surface of the support section, on the other hand, is inclined in the opposite direction, ensuring that it does not come into contact with the inside of the feeder element.

[0011] Preferably, several guide elements are arranged on the feeder body according to the invention at angular intervals around the central axis of the through-opening, preferably at uniform angular intervals around the central axis of the through-opening. Providing several guide elements on the feeder wall results in improved guidance of the feeder element, which is movable relative to the feeder body. Furthermore, by means of several guide elements, preferably evenly distributed on the outer surface of the feeder wall, a more uniformly distributed frictional effect is created along the circumference when the feeder body and feeder element slide relative to each other. Preferably, the feeder body has at least three, four, five, or more such guide elements according to the invention on its outer surface.

[0012] A preferred embodiment of the one-piece feeder body according to the invention provides that five guide elements are arranged on the outer surface with an angular offset of preferably approximately 72 degrees to one another. By providing five guide elements on the outer surface of the feeder wall, a preferably precise radial alignment of the longitudinal axis of the feeder element to the longitudinal axis of the feeder body is achieved. Furthermore, the preferably five guide elements ensure that, in the event of one of the guide elements on the outer surface of the feeder wall breaking off, the remaining guide elements can, in addition to guiding the feeder element relative to the feeder body, also preferably maintain the radial alignment and thus the desired concentricity between the feeder element and the feeder body.

[0013] Preferably, the feeder body according to the invention has a first end defining the through-opening and a second end opposite the through-opening, wherein the support section preferably has a step-free transition to the sliding section and / or tapers off smoothly at the outer surface of the feeder wall towards the second end of the feeder body. The feeder body is preferably positioned on a mold plate with its first end, at which the through-opening for the liquid metal is formed. The feeder body according to the invention is thus fixed relative to the mold plate, which defines at least part of the outer contour of the mold, during the production of the casting mold. The feeder body also has a second, preferably open, end to which the feeder element of a feeder insert, movable relative to the feeder body, can be assigned.Preferably, the connection to the feeder element is achieved via the open end, with the feeder body and feeder element then jointly defining the feeder cavity.

[0014] A step-free transition is formed between the support section projecting from the outside of the feeder wall and the sliding section of the guide element. A step-free transition between the sliding surface of the sliding section and the end surface of the support section on the guide element also includes the provision of an edge, provided that both preferably flat surfaces of the sliding section and the support section meet at the same height in the transition. The support section also features a step-free transition from its end surface to the outer surface of the feeder wall adjacent to its end towards its other end. This also improves the force transmission from the support section to the feeder wall structure that supports the support section. Material failure and the associated breakage of the guide element at the feeder wall before or during intended use are thus further reduced.

[0015] A preferred embodiment of the feeder body according to the invention provides that the guide element(s) has an attachment section extending from the sliding section towards the second end, preferably projecting from the outer surface. By providing an attachment section located at the opposite end of the sliding section, relative to the support section, the attachment or contacting of the feeder element used to form a feeder insert with the feeder body according to the invention is simplified. The attachment area is preferably located near the second, open end of the feeder body. Preferably, the attachment areas of the several guide elements distributed along the outer surface of the feeder wall have an outer diameter that is smaller than the inner diameter on the inside of the feeder element.Preferably, the inner diameter of the feeder element has sufficient clearance to the outer diameter of the attachment areas of the guide parts on the feeder body according to the invention.

[0016] Preferably, the attachment section of the guide part has an attachment surface inclined at an angle α3 to the central axis of the through-opening, which differs from the angle α1 of the sliding surface of the sliding section, wherein the inclination angles of the attachment surface and the sliding surface have the same opening direction. The attachment surfaces of the attachment areas on the various guide parts, inclined to the central axis of the through-opening, further simplify the attachment and radial alignment of a feeder element to be attached to the feeder body. This facilitates the assembly of a feeder insert, which consists of a feeder body and a feeder element to be joined with the feeder body. Preferably, the inclination angle α3 of a respective attachment surface of the attachment area is greater than the inclination angle α1 of the sliding surface of the sliding section of the guide part immediately adjoining the attachment section.Preferably, the transition area between the mounting surface and the sliding surface on the guide part is also designed without steps to simplify the transfer of the feeder element.

[0017] Preferably, the retaining element projects outwards directly from the guide part or is arranged adjacent to the guide part on the outer surface, projecting outwards. According to a preferred embodiment, the retaining element, which holds the feeder element in its initial position relative to the feeder body, is preferably formed on the guide part projecting from the outer surface of the feeder body according to the invention. This allows areas of the guide part to be used as a base structure for attaching the retaining element to the outer surface of the feeder wall. This provides a structurally simple connection of the retaining element, which typically projects furthest from the outer surface of the feeder body, to the feeder wall. In another embodiment of the feeder body according to the invention, the retaining element can also be arranged separately from the guide part on the outer surface of the feeder wall.

[0018] Preferably, the retaining element is arranged to project approximately radially from the sliding section of the guide part, and the support section extends from the retaining element towards the first end of the feeder body. In addition to structurally reinforcing the guide part, particularly the sliding section, the support section also serves to brace the retaining element against the guide part in the direction of the through-opening. This further reduces the risk of premature breakage of the retaining element at the guide part. Furthermore, by bracing the retaining element against the through-opening on the feeder body according to the invention during the controlled separation of the retaining element, chipping of surface areas on the sliding surface of the guide part is prevented. Preferably, the retaining element is arranged at the end region of the sliding section facing the support section.When the feeder body according to the invention is oriented vertically, the retaining element is arranged or formed at the lower end of the sliding section of the guide part.

[0019] A preferred embodiment of the feeder body according to the invention provides that the sliding section has a sliding surface which extends approximately parallel to the outer surface of the feeder wall in the direction of extension of the guide element. Preferably, at least one section of the feeder wall forming the feeder body also has an outer cross-section that widens along the longitudinal axis of the feeder body in the direction of the through-opening. The longitudinal axis of the feeder body is particularly coaxial with the central axis of the through-opening. Preferably, a uniform gap is formed between the outer surface of the feeder wall of the feeder body according to the invention and an inner surface of the feeder element corresponding to the feeder body.

[0020] Preferably, the guide element(s) have an extension direction approximately parallel to the central axis, with the contact section and / or the sliding section preferably having a width transverse to the extension direction of the guide element that widens towards the first end of the feeder body. The increasing width at the contact surfaces and / or the sliding surfaces in the direction of the sliding movement further improves reliable sliding during the relative movement of the feeder body and feeder element during the compaction of the molding material in the production of the casting mold. Tilting or jamming of a feeder element on or relative to the feeder body according to the invention is prevented by the surfaces preferably widening in the direction of movement.

[0021] The retaining element is preferably arranged at uniform intervals from the side edges of the sliding surface on the guide part. The retaining element, which is preferably positioned centrally on the sliding section, has a width that is approximately one-third to one-half of the width of the sliding section. Preferably, areas of the sliding surface are formed on both sides of the retaining element.

[0022] According to a further development of the feeder body according to the invention, the support section has a width transverse to the direction of extension of the guide element, which decreases towards the first end of the feeder body. This achieves optimized force introduction and transmission of the forces absorbed by the support section into the areas of the feeder wall that support the support section. Preferably, the width of the support section decreases in the direction of extension relative to the maximum overall width of the support section by approximately 0.15 to approximately 0.3.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the feeder body according to the invention, the feeder wall has a sleeve section with an outer cross-section that widens from the second end towards the first end and an attachment area adjoining the sleeve section for attachment to a mold pattern or mold plate, with a cross-section that tapers towards the first end. The feeder body is divided into two functional areas. The upper functional area, associated with the second end of the feeder body and comprising its sleeve section, enables relative movement between the feeder body and the feeder element to form a telescopic feeder insert according to the invention. The sleeve section preferably has a height in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the feeder body that corresponds to approximately half, and preferably more than half, of the total height of the feeder body according to the invention.Immediately adjoining the sleeve section, a mounting area is provided on the feeder body according to the invention, which is designed for mounting onto a mold pattern or a mold plate. The mounting area of ​​the feeder body according to the invention furthermore has an outer cross-section that tapers from the sleeve section towards the first end of the feeder body.

[0024] The guide element according to the invention, comprising its attachment area, its sliding section, its support section, and the retaining element arranged on the sliding section, extends along the sleeve section from the second end of the feeder body according to the invention towards the transition between the sleeve section and the attachment area of ​​the feeder body. The guide element(s) preferably extend over the entire height of the sleeve section. The upper and lower ends of the guide section preferably terminate at the outer circumference of the outer surface of the sleeve section. Thus, a step-free transition is formed from the attachment area at the upper end to the sleeve section and from the support section at the lower end to the sleeve section.Contrary to the curved outer contour of the sleeve section, the contact surface on the contact section, the sliding surface on the sliding section, and the end surface on the support section have a flat design in the direction of extension of the guide part and transversely to this direction. In a preferred embodiment of the one-piece feeder body, the sliding surface of the sliding section projects approximately 1.5 mm from the outer surface of the feeder wall forming the sleeve section. The contact surface and the end surface are preferably inclined relative to the sliding surface and terminate at the outer surface of the feeder wall. The retaining element forms a semi-cylindrical structural component on the sliding surface, which has a radius of approximately 2 mm and a height of approximately 5 mm, with a total height of the guide part of approximately 35 mm and a maximum width of approximately 10 mm at its widest point.Depending on the size of the feeder body intended for use according to the invention, the dimensions of the guide part and the retaining element must be adjusted in relation to the overall height of the guide part in the direction of extension.

[0025] In a further embodiment, the feeder body according to the invention is preferably designed to be rotationally symmetrical for use as the lower part of a feeder insert. Such a rotationally symmetrical feeder body can be arranged within a mold cavity to form a casting mold without any preferred orientation. In an alternative embodiment, the feeder body according to the invention is designed asymmetrically. In particular, a feeder body of a side feeder for use in vertically divisible casting molds is designed asymmetrically, wherein such a feeder body according to the invention preferably has a center of volume of the feeder cavity offset from the central axis of the through-opening. Such an asymmetrically designed feeder body also preferably has one or more guide elements according to the invention with their support sections, as described in more detail above, on its outer surface.

[0026] A one-piece feeder body according to the invention is preferred, wherein the feeder body (i) is formed from exothermic feeder material or at least partially comprises exothermic feeder material and / or (ii) is formed from insulating feeder material or partially comprises insulating feeder material. The use of exothermic feeder material preferably keeps the material located in the feeder cavity in a liquid state for a comparatively long period of time. Preferably, in one embodiment, the entire one-piece feeder body is formed from an exothermic feeder material. Alternatively or optionally, the feeder body according to the invention can also consist entirely or partially of an insulating feeder material bound with a binder, in particular quartz sand, which reduces heat loss from the interior of the feeder body in a simple manner.

[0027] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a two- or multi-part feeder insert for use in casting metals in molds. According to the invention, the feeder insert comprises at least one feeder body according to the invention, which is preferably designed according to one of the aforementioned preferred embodiments, and one or more further feeder elements, wherein the feeder body is connected to the one or more further feeder elements to form a telescopic feeder insert, and wherein the feeder body, together with the one further feeder element or together with at least one of the further feeder elements, defines the feeder cavity.The invention thus relates to a multi-part feeder insert in which the feeder body according to the invention interacts with at least one further feeder element to form the feeder cavity, wherein the feeder body and the at least one feeder element are designed to be telescopic relative to each other. For use according to the invention, the multi-part feeder insert is composed of the one-piece feeder body and the at least one feeder element. A two- or multi-part feeder insert is understood in particular to be a feeder insert composed of the one-piece feeder body according to the invention and at least one further feeder element. According to a preferred embodiment, the feeder body according to the invention and the at least one further feeder element can be reversibly separated and reassembled as often as desired before their actual use in a mold.

[0028] When the feeder body and feeder element are telescoping relative to each other, the relative movement preferably occurs in the direction of their longitudinal axes. In such a multi-part feeder insert, also referred to as a "telescopic feeder," during the compaction of the molding material in the production of the mold, a portion of the feeder insert (e.g., the feeder body) is inserted into the other portion, or a portion of the feeder insert (e.g., the feeder body) is slid over the other portion. Preferably, during the compaction of the molding material used to form the mold, the feeder element is slid at least section by section over the feeder body, which is preferably fixed to a mold plate or mold pattern. The feeder body and feeder element are preferably designed to be non-deformable.

[0029] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a kit for manufacturing feeder inserts, comprising one or more feeder bodies according to one of the preferred embodiments described above, and at least two further feeder elements which correspond to the feeder body(s) according to the invention according to one of the preferred embodiments described above in such a way that two or more different feeder inserts can be produced whose feeder cavities have different volumes.

[0030] The invention is based on the complementary concept of being able to assemble a single feeder body according to the invention with various feeder elements to form a feeder insert, which are configured differently. Preferably, one or more feeder bodies each have a coupling section that is complementary or corresponding to a respective coupling area of ​​a feeder element to be joined with it. In order to be able to combine different feeder bodies according to the invention with different feeder elements, the coupling areas of the different feeder bodies or the coupling areas of the different feeder elements are preferably configured identically.The coupling area on the feeder body has at least one guide part which has a support section projecting outwards on the outer surface, which extends, preferably following the sliding section of the guide part for guiding the feeder element, in the direction of the passage opening.

[0031] Furthermore, the kit according to the invention preferably comprises a centering mandrel which corresponds to the through-opening in one feeder body or in at least one of the at least two feeder bodies according to one of the preferred embodiments described above. The centering mandrel preferably aligns the feeder insert with the feeder body and the feeder element perpendicularly to the mold plate or mold pattern. The centering mandrel preferably has a base that is shaped to match the shape of the through-opening.According to a preferred embodiment, in which the through-hole has a non-cylindrical cross-section, but preferably a cross-section selected from the group consisting of oval, non-circular, flattened circle, and polygonal, and the cross-section of the centering mandrel base is complementary to the cross-section of the through-hole, a positive-locking engagement of at least one feeder body(ies) is achieved on the centering mandrel. Preferably, an anti-rotation device is created between the centering mandrel and the feeder body(ies), whereby the feeder body can be brought into contact with the centering mandrel in one or more preferred positions.

[0032] The preferred embodiments and further developments described for the feeder body according to the invention are also, or analogously, preferred embodiments of the feeder insert according to the invention, as well as of the kit for manufacturing a feeder insert. Preferred embodiments and further developments of the feeder insert or the kit for manufacturing a feeder insert described herein, which relate to the feeder body, are also preferred embodiments of the feeder body, etc.

[0033] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures, using a preferred embodiment of a feeder body and a feeder insert according to the invention, from which further features preferred for the present invention become apparent. These figures show: Fig. 1: a perspective view of a feeder body according to the invention for use in casting metals; Fig. 2: a view of the feeder body according to the invention Fig. 1 from the bottom; Fig. 3, Fig. 3a: a sectional view or an enlarged sectional view of the feeder body according to the invention. Fig. 1; Fig. 4: a view of a first embodiment of a feeder insert with a feeder body according to the invention; Fig. 5: a view of a further embodiment of a feeder insert with a feeder body according to the invention Fig. 1; and Fig. 6 - Fig. 9: Views which schematically show the production of a casting mold from the placement of a feeder insert according to the invention to the pressing of the molding material used to form the casting mold.

[0034] Fig. Figure 1 shows a one-piece feeder body 1 according to the invention, which is used in the casting of metals in a mold not shown in detail. The feeder body 1 has a feeder wall 2 with an inner surface 4 which is configured to at least partially form a feeder cavity 42, 42' ( Fig. 4, Fig. 5) to limit the intake of liquid metal. The feeder wall 2 of the feeder body further comprises an outer surface 6 on which at least one guide part 8 for a feeder element 20, 20' corresponding with the feeder body is attached. Fig. 4, Fig. 5) is arranged. Furthermore, at least one outwardly projecting retaining element 10 is provided on the outer surface 6, which is designed to hold the feeder element 20, 20' in a starting position relative to the feeder body 1. The feeder wall 2 also has a through-opening 12 ( Fig. 2, Fig. 3), which is designed to allow liquid metal to enter the feeder cavity 42, 42' ( Fig. 4, Fig. 5) can occur.

[0035] According to the invention, the feeder body 1 has a sliding section 14 on the guide part 8 for the feeder element 20 corresponding to the feeder body, wherein the guide part 8 further has a support section 16 projecting outwards from the outer surface 6. The support section 16 extends from the sliding section 14 of the guide part 8 in the direction of the passage opening 12. The forces acting on the sliding section 14, which is designed to guide the feeder element 20, are reliably absorbed by the support section 16 and transferred into the adjacent area of ​​the feeder wall 2. Furthermore, the guide part 8 has an engagement area 18, which also projects outwards from the outer surface 6 of the feeder wall 2. The feeder body 1 also has a first end 22 defining the passage opening 12 and a second end 24 opposite the passage opening.The attachment area 18 extends from the sliding section 14 of the guide part 8 towards the second end 24 on the feeder body 1. The support section 16 and the attachment section 18 are arranged at opposite ends of the sliding section 14.

[0036] As from Fig. 2 several guide elements 8 are visible at an angular distance to each other around the central axis 26 ( Fig. 3) around the passage opening 12. In the embodiment shown, five guide elements 8 are arranged on the outer surface 6 with an offset of preferably approximately 72 degrees to each other. The retaining element 10 projects outwards directly from the guide element 8. All retaining elements 10 together form a receptacle for the feeder element 20, which is to be held in a starting position relative to the feeder body.

[0037] Fig. Figure 3 shows a sectional view of the feeder body 1 according to the invention, which has a sleeve section 28 with an outer cross-section widening from the second end 24 towards the first end 22. Furthermore, the feeder body 1 comprises an attachment area 30 directly adjoining the sleeve section 28 for attachment to a mold pattern or mold plate 50 ( Fig. 4, Fig. 5) The contact area 30 has an outer cross-section that tapers from the sleeve section 28 towards the first end 22. This results in the feeder body forming a reduced contact surface with the mold plate 50, which is to be brought into contact with the feeder body. How Fig. Figure 3 further shows that the guide part 8 extends along the sleeve section 28. In the embodiment shown, the guide parts 8 extend along the entire height of the sleeve section 28 from the second end 24 of the feeder body 1 to the transition 32 between the sleeve section 28 and the attachment area 30.

[0038] The sliding section 14 has a sliding surface 34 and the support section 16 has a termination surface 36. The attachment area 18 has a termination surface 38 for attaching the feeder element 20 to the second end 24 of the feeder body 1. The retaining element 10 is arranged approximately radially projecting from the sliding section 14 of the guide part 8, with the retaining element 10 being located at the lower end of the sliding section 14 of the guide part 8 when the feeder body according to the invention is arranged vertically. The support section 16 with its termination surface 36, which is arranged directly below the retaining element 10, extends towards the first end 22 of the feeder body 1.The guide elements 8 have a direction of extension approximately parallel to the central axis 26 of the passage opening, with the attachment section 18 and the sliding section 14 having a width transverse to the direction of extension of the guide element 8 that widens from the second end 24 towards the first end 22 on the feeder body 1. In contrast, the support section 16 has a width transverse to the direction of extension of the guide element that decreases towards the first end 22 of the feeder body 1.

[0039] Furthermore, how from Fig. As can be seen in Figure 3, the inner surface 4 of the feeder wall 2 is designed in such a way that the feeder cavity formed at least partially by the feeder body 1 ( Fig. 4, Fig. 5) narrows from the second end 24 on the feeder body 1 towards the through-opening 12 at the first end 22 of the feeder body. In particular, the inner surface 4 has a cross-section that tapers towards the through-opening 12. In the embodiment shown, the inner surface 4 has a conical shape in sections.

[0040] Fig. Figure 3a shows an enlarged illustration of the guide element 8, which is arranged on the outer surface 6 in the area of ​​the sleeve part 28. The guide element 8 is shown with a different hatching pattern compared to the remaining feeder wall to clarify its specific design. The guide element 8 and the feeder wall 2 are preferably formed in one piece, and there is no structural separation between the individual parts of the feeder body 1, as might be assumed from the different hatching patterns.

[0041] How Fig. As shown in Figure 3a, the sliding surface 34 of the sliding section 14 is inclined at an angle α1 to the central axis 26 of the passage opening 12, and the end surface 36 of the support section 16 is inclined at an angle α2 to the central axis 26 of the passage opening 12, with angles α1 and α2 opening in opposite directions. For the sake of simplicity, the central axis 26 is shifted into the feeder wall 2. Thus, the sliding surfaces 34 and the end surfaces 36 of the guide elements 8 are inclined in opposite directions with respect to the central axis 26 of the passage opening 12. The contact surface 38 is inclined at an angle α3 to the central axis 26 of the passage opening, wherein the inclination angle α1 of the sliding surface 34 and the inclination angle α3 of the contact surface 38 have the same opening direction, but are of different sizes relative to the central axis 26 of the passage opening 12.The sliding surface 34 of the sliding section 14 extends in the direction of extension of the guide part 8 in the area of ​​the sleeve part 28 approximately parallel to the outer surface 6 of the feeder wall 2. The outer diameter of the outer surface 6 of the feeder wall 2, as well as the circumference defined by the sliding surfaces 34 of the guide parts 8, widens in the area of ​​the sleeve part 28 from the second end 24 towards the first end 22 of the feeder body 1.

[0042] As from Fig. As further shown in Figure 3a, both the support section 16 and the attachment section 18 of the guide part 8 have a step-free transition to the sliding section 14. The support section 14 extends smoothly towards the first end 22 of the feeder body 1, ending at the outer surface 6 of the feeder wall 2. Similarly, the attachment section 18 extends smoothly towards the second end 24 of the feeder body 1, ending at the outer surface 6 of the feeder wall 2.

[0043] In Fig. Figure 4 shows a first embodiment of a first feeder insert 40 according to the invention, which is formed from the feeder body 1 and a first feeder element 20. The feeder body 1 and the feeder element 20 together form a feeder cavity 42 for the liquid metal entering the feeder cavity via the through-opening 12. The feeder body 1 and the feeder element 20 are designed such that the feeder element 20 is displaceable, at least partially, on the outside of the feeder body 1. In particular, the feeder body 1 can be inserted telescopically into the feeder element 20. The feeder body 1 and the feeder element 20 are held in position relative to each other by means of a centering mandrel 44.Furthermore, a guide element 8 is arranged on the outer surface 6 of the feeder wall 2 of the feeder body 1, by means of which tilting or canting of the feeder element 20 relative to the feeder body 1 is prevented during the sliding movement of the feeder body 1 and feeder element 20 relative to each other. A retaining element 10 is arranged on the guide element 8, by means of which the feeder element 20 is held in a starting position before the feeder element is moved relative to the feeder body 1. The feeder element 20 has a receptacle 48 at its upper end 46 for the tip of the centering mandrel 44.

[0044] Fig. Figure 5 shows a second embodiment of a feeder insert 40', which is composed of the feeder body 1 according to the invention and a further feeder element 20' corresponding to the feeder body 1. How Fig. As illustrated in Figure 5, the feeder body 1 according to the invention can correspond to different feeder elements 20, 20'.

[0045] The feeder body 1 and the feeder element 20' interact in an almost identical manner, as described above. Fig. 4 described. The 40' food insert, unlike the 40' food insert, has... Fig. 4 an enlarged feeder cavity 42' for receiving the liquid metal. At the closed, upper end 46 of the feeder element 20' a receptacle 48' for the centering mandrel 44' is provided.

[0046] The Fig. Figures 6-9 show an exemplary embodiment of a method for producing at least one molded part (not shown in detail) of a casting mold, wherein a feeder body 1 designed according to the invention is pushed or placed onto a centering mandrel 44 with its through-opening 12. The centering mandrel 44 is attached to a mold plate 50, which defines at least surface areas of the molded part (not shown in detail) to be produced. The feeder body 1 comes into direct contact with the mold plate 50 via its contact area 30.

[0047] In the next in Fig. In step 7, the feeder element 20 is positioned with its lower end against the attachment section 18 of the guide part 8, and the receptacle 48 at the upper end 46 of the feeder element 20 is pushed over the tip of the centering mandrel 44, thus assembling the feeder element 20 with the feeder body 1 to form a feeder insert 42 according to the invention. The feeder element 20 is moved back to its starting position on the feeder body 1 until it is brought into contact with the retaining elements 10 projecting radially outwards from the guide parts 8.

[0048] In the Fig. In process step 8, a molding material 52 is introduced into a mold (not shown in detail). Upon introduction of the molding material 52, the feeder insert 40, formed from the feeder body 1 and the feeder element 20, is completely surrounded on the outside by the molding material 52.

[0049] Then, as Fig. Figure 9 shows the molding material 52 being compressed within the mold, causing the molding material 52 to compact, as indicated, and forming a solid molded part. During compaction, the feeder element 20 is displaced parallel to the central axis 26 of the through-opening 12 towards the mold plate 50. As the feeder element 20 moves over the feeder body 1, the retaining elements 10 arranged on the guide parts 8 are separated from the guide part 8. Additionally, the feeder cavity 42 of the feeder insert 40 decreases in size. The feeder element 20 also runs along the sliding surfaces 34 of the sliding sections 14 of the guide part 8 ( Fig. 3a) formed circumference widening towards the first end 22 on the feeder body 1. The sliding sections 14 projecting from the outer surface 6 of the feeder wall 2 with their sliding surfaces 34 of the guide parts 8 each form a kind of ramp for the feeder element 20 which can be slid over the feeder body 1. Reference sign 1 food body 2 food wall 4 interior surface 6 Outdoor area 8 Guide section 10 retaining elements 12 Passage opening 14 Gliding section 16 Support section 18 Starting section 20, 20' feeder element 22 first end 24 second end 26 Center axis 28 Sleeve section 30 Starting area 32 Transition 34 Sliding surface 36 End surface 38 Attachment area α1, α2, α3 Inclination angle 40, 40' Food insert 42, 42' feeder cavity 44, 44' Centering mandrel 46 End 48, 48' recording 50 Form plate 52 Molding material

Claims

A one-piece feeder body (1) for use as a component of a two- or multi-part telescopic feeder insert (40, 40') in metal casting, with a feeder wall (2) that at least partially defines a feeder cavity (42, 42') for receiving liquid metal, wherein the feeder wall (2) has: - a passage opening (12) for the liquid metal into the feeder cavity (42, 42') and - an outer surface (6) on which at least one outwardly projecting retaining element (10) and at least one guide element (8) with a sliding section (14) for a feeder element (20, 20') corresponding to the feeder body (1) are arranged, wherein the guide element (8) has a support section (16) projecting outwards on the outer surface (6), which extends, following the sliding section (14) of the guide element (8), to guide the feeder element (20, 20'), extends in the direction of the passage opening (12). Feeder body (1) according to claim 1, wherein the sliding section (14) has a sliding surface (34) and the support section (16) has a closing surface (36), wherein the sliding surface (34) is inclined at an angle (α1) to the central axis (26) and the closing surface (36) is inclined at an angle (α2) to the central axis (26) of the passage opening (12), wherein the angles (α1, α2) are open in opposite directions. Feeder body (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein several guide parts (8) are arranged at an angular distance from each other around the central axis of the passage opening (12), preferably at a uniform angular distance around the central axis (26) of the passage opening (12). Feeder body (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein five guide parts (8) are arranged on the outer surface (6) with an offset of preferably about 72 degrees to each other. Feeder body (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the feeder body (1) has a first end (22) defining the passage opening (12) and a second end (24) opposite the passage opening (12), and wherein preferably the support section (16) has a step-free transition to the sliding section (14) and / or extends step-free towards the second end (24) of the feeder body (1) on the outer surface (6) of the feeder wall (2). Feeder body (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the guide part(s) (8) has an attachment section (18) extending from the sliding section (14) towards the second end (24), preferably projecting from the outer surface (6). Feeder body (1) according to claim 6, wherein the attachment section (18) of the guide part (8) has an attachment surface (38) which is inclined at an angle (α3) to the central axis (26) of the passage opening (12) which is different from the angle (α1) of the sliding surface (34) of the sliding section (14), wherein the inclination angles of the attachment surface (38) and the sliding surface (34) have the same opening direction. Feeder body (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the retaining element (10) projects outwards directly from the guide part (8) or is arranged projecting outwards adjacent to the guide part (8) on the outer surface (6). Feeder body (1) according to one of the preceding claims 5 to 8, wherein the retaining element (10) is arranged approximately radially projecting from the sliding section (14) of the guide part (8) and the support section (16) extends from the retaining element (10) towards the first end (22) of the feeder body (1). Feeder body (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sliding section (14) has a sliding surface (34) which extends in the direction of extension of the guide part (8) approximately parallel to the outer surface (8) of the feeder wall (2). Feeder body (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the guide part(s) (8) have an extension direction approximately parallel to the central axis (26), wherein preferably the attachment section (18) and / or the sliding section (14) has a width transverse to the extension direction of the guide part (8) which widens in the direction of the first end (22) of the feeder body (1). Feeder body (1) according to claim 11, wherein the support section (16) has a width transverse to the extension direction of the guide part (8) which decreases in the direction of the first end (22) of the feeder body (1). Feeder body (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the feeder wall (2) has a sleeve section (28) with an outer cross-section widening from the second end (24) towards the first end (22) and an attachment area (30) adjoining the sleeve section (28) for attachment to a mold pattern or mold plate (50) with a cross-section tapering towards the first end (22). Feeder body (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the guide part(s) (8) extends along the sleeve section (28) from the second end (24) of the feeder body (1) in the direction of the transition (32) between sleeve section (28) and attachment area (30). Feeder body (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the feeder body (1)(i) is formed from exothermic feeder material or comprises exothermic feeder material section by section, and / or(ii) is formed from insulating feeder material or comprises insulating feeder material section by section A two- or multi-part feeder insert (40, 40') for use in casting metals in molds, comprising: a feeder body (1) according to one of the preceding claims, and one or more further feeder elements (20, 20'), wherein the feeder body (1) is connected to the one or the further feeder elements (20, 20') to form a telescopic feeder insert (40, 40'), and wherein the feeder body (1) together with the one further or together with at least one of the further feeder elements (20, 20') defines the feeder cavity (42, 42'). Kit for the production of feeder inserts (40, 40'), comprising: one or more feeder bodies (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, and at least two further feeder elements (20, 20') which correspond to the feeder body(s) (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 15 such that two or more different feeder inserts (40, 40') can be produced, the feeder cavities (42, 42') of which have different volumes. Kit according to claim 17, comprising a centering mandrel (44, 44') which corresponds to the passage opening (12) in the one feeder body (1) or in at least one of the at least two feeder bodies (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

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