power supply

Abstract

Power supply unit for connecting a charging station to a device, wherein the charging station is designed to provide electrical energy to the device, wherein the power supply unit (2, 110, 140, 142) has a plug (4, 112) with an input (8) and an output (10) and a charging cable (12, 120, 144, 148), wherein the input (8) can be connected to the charging station via a connection, wherein the plug (4, 112) can be connected to the device via the output (10), wherein charging electronics (18, 80, 126), which has a plurality of lines, and an overvoltage protection module (20, 30, 50, 82, 128) are arranged in the plug (4, 112), wherein the overvoltage protection module (20, 30, 50, 82, 128) is arranged between the charging electronics (18, 80, 126) and the input (8) of the plug (4, 112) and has at least one safety line (38, 42, 60a, 60b, 60c, 64, 66, 100, 104) which connects lines of the charging electronics (18, 80, 126), wherein the overvoltage protection module (20, 30, 50,82, 128) has at least two varistors (40, 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d, 102) arranged along at least one primary safety line (38, 60a, 60b, 60c, 64, 100) of the overvoltage protection module (20, 30, 50, 82, 128), wherein the overvoltage protection module (20, 30, 50, 82, 128) has at least one gas discharge tube (44, 68, 105) arranged along at least one secondary safety line (42, 66, 104) of the overvoltage protection module (20, 30, 50, 82, 128), wherein the at least one gas discharge tube (44, 68, 105) forms a further line of the charging electronics (18, 80, 126) to a section of the at least one primary safety line (38, 60a, 60b, 60c, 64, 100) arranged between two of the at least two series-connected varistors (40, 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d, 102), wherein an inductance of the charging cable (12, 120, 144, 148) is also used as a connection for an input filter measure against overvoltage.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a power supply.

[0002] An electrically powered vehicle has a battery that can be charged with electrical energy from a charging station. For this purpose, the charging station is connected via a cable to a power adapter that can be plugged into an interface of the vehicle, so that the electrical energy from the charging station is supplied to the vehicle via the cable and the power adapter.

[0003] The document DE 10 2013 220 197 A1 describes a charging system for charging an electrical storage device of a vehicle.

[0004] The document DE 10 2017 212 435 A1 describes an adapter device for a vehicle and a method for charging a vehicle.

[0005] The document DE 10 2013 201 570 A1 describes an overvoltage protection device for protecting the electrical system of an electric vehicle.

[0006] An electrical connector is described in the document DE 10 2012 008 614 A1. This connector comprises at least one voltage-limiting element designed as a varistor.

[0007] The publication GB 2 558 010 A describes an overvoltage protection device for an electric vehicle to be charged.

[0008] Against this background, one task was to safely provide electrical energy to a device.

[0009] This object is achieved by a power supply having the features of patent claim 1. Embodiments of the power supply are evident from the dependent patent claims and the description.

[0010] The power supply unit according to the invention is designed to connect a charging station as a charging device to a device, wherein the charging station is designed to provide electrical energy to the device. The power supply unit has a plug with an input and an output, wherein the input can be temporarily and detachably connected to the charging station via a current-conducting connection designed as a charging cable, wherein the plug can be temporarily and detachably connected to the device via the output. Charging electronics designed for multiple power levels and an overvoltage protection module are arranged in the plug, wherein the overvoltage protection module is arranged between the charging electronics and the input of the plug, wherein the overvoltage protection module faces the connection, e.g. the charging cable.The charging electronics are located between the plug's output and the surge protection module. The surge protection module has at least one safety line connecting the charging electronics' lines.

[0011] The surge protection module has at least two varistors and thus at least two voltage-dependent electrical resistors. The two varistors can be connected in series along at least one primary safety line between two lines or conductors of the charging electronics. A first of the two lines of the charging electronics is designed, for example, as an external line and / or as a phase line. A second of the two lines of the charging electronics is designed as a neutral line.

[0012] The surge protection module has at least one gas-filled surge arrester arranged along at least one secondary safety line. The gas-filled surge arrester connects another line, e.g., a ground line and / or protective line, of the charging electronics to a section and / or node of the primary safety line arranged between two of the at least two series-connected varistors.

[0013] The aforementioned lines, i.e., the outer line and / or the phase line, the neutral line and the earth line and / or the protective lines, also run through or cross the surge protection module. Furthermore, the lines connect the charging electronics to the plug's input and also to a charging station, which is connected to the plug's input. The lines can be connected to additional lines in the charging cable as an electrically conductive connection and also to the charging station.

[0014] At least one plug connector is arranged at the outlet of the plug. The plug can have a first plug connector or several different first plug connectors at its outlet. One plug connector is designed as an industrial or multi-phase plug connector for high voltage with multiple phases. Alternatively or additionally, a plug connector is designed for low voltage.

[0015] Furthermore, a second plug connector is arranged at one end of the charging cable as a connection that is assigned or can be assigned to the charging station as the charging device and faces away from the plug. This second plug connector is designed as an industrial or multi-phase plug connector for high voltage with multiple phases. Alternatively, the second plug connector is designed for low voltage.

[0016] The charging electronics is designed and / or described as power electronics.

[0017] In addition, the connection, which is designed as a charging cable, for example, is inductive.

[0018] The power supply unit is designed, for example, to charge a device designed as a vehicle, for example to charge a battery or accumulator of the vehicle.

[0019] With the integrated power plug charger presented, for example, it is possible to charge an electrically powered vehicle as a device with electrical energy and at the same time to protect it from overvoltage and, for example, lightning strikes.

[0020] The power supply unit, which comprises the plug and charging cable, is designed to robustly protect the electrically powered vehicle or an electric vehicle against the influence of an infrastructure-related overvoltage that can occur in the charging station as an infrastructure facility. Furthermore, it is also possible to use the overvoltage protection module to protect the charging electronics within the plug of the power supply unit from damage caused by overvoltage, with the overvoltage protection module being designed to dissipate an overvoltage. The charging electronics within the plug can also be designed and / or referred to as power electronics. The overvoltage protection module for overvoltage dissipation can be integrated into the plug directly at the input, for example at an alternating voltage input (AC input) or direct voltage input (DC input).The charging electronics can only be connected to the charging station via the cables that run through the surge protection module and are connected to at least one safety line of the surge protection module. This arrangement prevents the surge from the charging station from penetrating the charging electronics of the plug and, subsequently, the connected vehicle as a device.

[0021] This makes it possible for the charging electronics and the device, typically designed as an electric vehicle, to be protected from a transient overvoltage on the grid and thus on the charging station side when charging the device from the charging station. Such an overvoltage can be caused by a thunderstorm near the charging station. This is also possible if lightning strikes the charging station directly or indirectly, i.e., at some distance from the charging station, since in this case, the electric vehicle is also protected from damage.

[0022] This ensures that the device's active charging process remains uninterrupted, ensuring that electrical energy remains available. Furthermore, it also makes it possible to protect a person or driver who connects the vehicle to the charging station via the power supply. Overall, this increases the robustness of the entire charging system, which may include the charging station and the power supply. The intended charging process ensures a safe condition even during power surges and thunderstorms.

[0023] The surge protection module can comprise at least one metal oxide varistor as a component along the at least one primary safety line, and thus an electrical component with at least one resistor dependent on an electrical voltage, which can be designed and / or referred to as a voltage-dependent resistor (VDR). Furthermore, the surge protection module can comprise a gas-filled surge arrester as a gas-filled surge arrester along the at least one secondary safety line.

[0024] In one embodiment, it is possible for several, for example two, varistors to be combined in the at least one primary safety line, which connects them in series or into which they are integrated accordingly. Typically, the surge protection module connects a phase and / or external line (L line and / or P line) and a neutral line (N line) of the charging electronics along the at least one primary safety line, with the varistors being connected in series along the at least one primary safety line between the two aforementioned lines or conductors. Electrical voltage can be diverted to earth via the safety lines or protective conductors, which, in addition to the series connection of the varistors, also include the gas discharge tube.This gas discharge tube is arranged along the at least one secondary safety line, which on the one hand connects a node along the at least one primary safety line between the series-connected varistors and on the other hand connects an earth line and / or protective line (PEN line) of the charging electronics.

[0025] In one embodiment, the power supply unit is three-phase, whereby the surge protection module can be constructed symmetrically from three primary safety lines, each with a series connection of varistors. The fast varistors are designed to conduct an overvoltage and, by means of a short circuit between the charging cable, which is arranged as a current-conducting connection between the plug and the charging station, to immediately and effectively protect the device as a consumer. The gas discharge tube is ignited and the electrical energy is safely discharged to earth. Furthermore, the varistors are designed to limit any follow-on current that occurs in the network, i.e., in an electrical connection between the charging station and the device, once an arc in the gas discharge tube has been extinguished.Furthermore, the gas-filled surge arrester, connected to a respective primary safety line of the varistors along a respective secondary safety line, is intended to suppress and / or prevent unwanted leakage currents due to its high insulation resistance. Such leakage currents represent a loss of energy in the charging system or a corresponding installation. It should be noted that the leakage currents suppressed by the gas-filled surge arrester could otherwise cause and / or at least accelerate corrosion of an earthing system.

[0026] The power supply plug can be designed or designated as a direct current (DC) combo charger plug. The power supply, which includes the charging cable and plug as components, is designed to convert a mains-side alternating voltage (as the infrastructure voltage of the charging station) into a direct voltage (as the charging voltage for the device). Alternatively, the power supply plug can be designed as an alternating current (AC) plug.

[0027] Since the charging electronics are already integrated into the plug, there's no need for such an electronics in the device, especially in an electric vehicle. Thus, the device can be charged using direct voltage or direct current, with the power supply designed as a DC or direct current charging interface between the charging station or a corresponding charging column and the vehicle.

[0028] Furthermore, the power supply unit, consisting of a plug and charging cable, can be used independently of the charging station, as its second connector acts as an input plug, allowing it to be temporarily connected to any charging station that provides alternating voltage or current (AC). This means that lightning protection is also unnecessary in the charging station, as it is already integrated into the plug.

[0029] The power pack, as charging equipment with integrated charging electronics and integrated surge protection module, is mobile and therefore easily transportable, allowing it to be used as an interface device in the vehicle. Furthermore, it is possible to use an inductance in the charging cable for input filtering against surges. Depending on the definition, the power pack can be designed and / or used as an adapter between the charging station and the device. By providing the charging electronics and the surge protection module in the plug, active conversion of the electrical energy transmitted from the charging station to the device is also possible. Thus, the charging electronics can convert an alternating voltage into a direct voltage or a direct voltage into an alternating voltage, as required.

[0030] The device for which the power supply can be used can be an electric vehicle (BEV, battery electric vehicle) or a hybrid vehicle (PHEV, plug-in-hybrid electric vehicle). The vehicle can be charged via the power supply either with direct current or alternating current. In this case, direct current charging functionality is implemented via DC connection pins of a plug connector at the output of the plug or a corresponding charging socket, whereby, among other things, direct current fast charging with an output of more than 150 kW is also possible. The charging electronics within the plug can have a power converter, which is thus also directly integrated into the charger, whereby alternating current charging functionality can also be implemented with the power converter of the charging electronics.

[0031] The charging electronics integrated into the plug as power electronics can be and / or must be connected to the AC voltage of the charging station via the overvoltage protection module. Depending on the expansion stage, the plug and thus the power supply can be designed as a single-phase with three lines (L, N, and PE) of the charging electronics for transmitting a direct voltage and / or low voltage, or as a multi-phase with at least five lines (L1, L2, L3, N, and PE) of the charging electronics for transmitting an alternating voltage and / or high voltage. Furthermore, it is provided that a microcontroller (µC) is also integrated into the charging electronics as a computing unit, which is designed to monitor communication with the device to be charged and also to control the charging electronics as power electronics and thus to control and / or regulate its operation during a charging process of the device with electrical energy from the charging station.The overvoltage protection module between the charging electronics and the input of the plug is also designed as a safety element to protect the plug and the device from overcurrent.

[0032] Since the charging electronics are integrated into the power supply plug, the device, for example, designed as a vehicle, does not require an on-board charger (OBC). By providing the surge protection module in the plug, protection against surges is still ensured. When the power supply is in operation, the AC voltage provided by the charging station is fed into the power supply plug, where it is converted into a DC voltage by the charging electronics.

[0033] A surge in the grid, and thus in the charging station, can occur due to a load fluctuation or a lightning strike. However, even in the event of a surge, the surge protection module can protect the hardware in the plug—i.e., the charging electronics—as well as the hardware of the device. It should be noted that the danger of a surge caused by a lightning strike is not only measurable at the point of the lightning strike; it could also cause damage to the device being charged several hundred meters away from the charging station. This, however, is prevented by the power supply unit presented here.

[0034] Furthermore, it should be considered that a vehicle is too valuable as a device and the investment in its purchase is too high to risk damage from a surge caused by a lightning strike while the vehicle is charging. An electrically powered vehicle typically has a dielectric strength of up to 2500 volts. However, a lightning strike can produce more than 20 times that voltage. The surge protection module in the plug also implements a surge or lightning protection circuit at the AC input of the plug or power plug charger (PPC).

[0035] Typically, n+2 lines pass through the surge protection module, with these n+2 lines connecting the charging electronics to the plug input. The n+2 lines comprise at least one outer line or n outer lines or phase lines, i.e. with n=1, for example, one outer line or phase line and with n=3, for example, three outer lines or phase lines as at least one line of the charging electronics. These n+2 lines also comprise a neutral line and a protective or earth line. Each outer or phase line is connected to a first varistor via a first primary safety line. In addition, the neutral line is connected to a further varistor via a further primary safety line. This further primary safety line with the further varistor is also connected to at least one of the aforementioned primary safety lines and the first varistor.In addition, the additional primary safety line is connected to the secondary safety line, the gas discharge line and the safety or earth line as the charging electronics line.

[0036] Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description and the accompanying drawings.

[0037] It is understood that the features mentioned above and those to be explained below can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0038] The invention is illustrated schematically in the drawings using embodiments and is described schematically and in detail with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the power supply according to the invention. Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of an overvoltage protection circuit of a second embodiment of the power supply according to the invention. Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of an overvoltage protection circuit of a third embodiment of the power supply according to the invention. Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of an overvoltage protection circuit and charging electronics of a fourth embodiment of the power supply according to the invention. Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of a fifth embodiment of the power supply according to the invention. Fig. 6 shows a schematic representation of a sixth embodiment of the power supply according to the invention. Fig. 7 shows a schematic representation of a seventh embodiment of the power supply according to the invention.

[0039] The figures are described coherently and comprehensively, and the same components are assigned the same reference numbers.

[0040] The Fig. 1 schematically illustrated first embodiment of the power supply unit 2 for connecting an electrical charging station to an electrical device to be charged comprises a plug 4 with a housing 6 having an input 8 and an output 10. A charging cable 12 is arranged at the input 8 as an electrically conductive connection, via which the plug 4 can be temporarily and detachably connected to the charging station. Two plug connectors 14, 16 are arranged at the output 10 of the plug 4, with a first plug connector 14 being designed here as a DC+ / DC- or DCplus / DCminus output for a direct current, and a second plug connector 16 for an alternating current. Furthermore, a second plug connector 16 for an alternating current at a high-voltage level is arranged at the output 10, via which the plug 4 can alternatively be temporarily and detachably connected to the device.The plug 4 can be temporarily and detachably connected to the device via at least one, for example one of the two plug connectors 14, 16.

[0041] The housing 6 of the plug 4 encloses a charging electronics unit 18 and an overvoltage protection module 20 as components. The overvoltage protection module 20 is connected to the input 8 of the plug 4 and / or, depending on the definition, assigned to the input 8. In contrast, the charging electronics unit 18 is connected to the output 10 and / or, depending on the definition, assigned to the output 10. Furthermore, it is provided that the charging electronics unit 18 is connected to the output 10 only via the overvoltage protection module 20, wherein the overvoltage protection module 20 is arranged between the charging electronics unit 18 and the output 10 and thus also the charging cable 12.

[0042] The plug 4 further includes a handle 22. A power semiconductor 24 is arranged on and / or in a wall of the housing 6, which is also arranged here between the surge protection module 20 and the output 10. Furthermore, a cooling module 28 is arranged on and / or in the wall of the housing 6, which is oriented toward a loop 26 of the handle 22. This cooling module is designed to thermally separate the power semiconductor 24 from the handle 22 and / or its loop 26, so that the fingers of a user using the power supply 2 are protected from excessive heat.

[0043] Several lines run within the charging cable 12, namely an L1 line, an L2 line, and an L3 line as phase and / or external lines, an N line, and a PE line or ground line and / or protective line. These lines, which are connected to the overvoltage protection module 20 at the input 8, are designed to provide an alternating voltage to the plug 4. The lines run through the overvoltage protection module 20 and at least partially also through the charging electronics 18, which is why they are also designed and / or referred to as lines of the charging electronics 18. Provision is made here for an alternating voltage provided via the charging cable 12 to be converted into a direct voltage by an alternating current-to-direct current converter of the charging electronics 18.

[0044] In one embodiment, the surge protection module 20 comprises three pairs of varistors, each connected in series along a primary safety line. Thus, the surge protection module 20 has a total of three primary safety lines, wherein a first primary safety line with two varistors is arranged between a first phase line (L1 line) and the neutral line (N line) as lines of the charging electronics 18. A second primary safety line with two series-connected varistors is arranged between a second phase line (L2 line) and the neutral line as lines of the charging electronics 18. Furthermore, a third primary safety line with two series-connected varistors is arranged between a third phase line (L3 line) and the neutral line as lines of the charging electronics 18.A node is located between the two varistors of each primary safety line. A node of each of the three primary safety lines, arranged symmetrically between the varistors, is connected to the earth line (PE line) via another secondary safety line. A gas discharge tube is arranged along each such secondary safety line.

[0045] Such an overvoltage protection module 30 for a plug of the second embodiment of the power supply is shown in Fig. 2. An outer line 32 (P line), a neutral line 34 (N line), and a protective and / or ground line 36 (PEN line) run through this surge protection module 30 between an input of the plug and charging electronics within the plug. These lines also serve as lines for the charging electronics. Here, too, a primary safety line 38 is arranged between the outer line 32 and the neutral line 34, connecting the outer line 32 and the neutral line 34, which are arranged parallel to one another. Two varistors 40 are arranged in series along this primary safety line 38. The surge protection module 30 also comprises a secondary safety line 42, which connects the primary safety line 38 to the ground line 36.This secondary safety line 42 runs from a node between the two varistors 40 of the primary safety line 38 and the earth line 36. A gas discharge tube 44 is arranged along this secondary safety line 42.

[0046] Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of the surge protection module 50 for a plug of the third embodiment of the power supply. This surge protection module 50 is arranged between an input of the plug and charging electronics arranged within the plug, which are further connected to an output of the plug. Several lines of the charging electronics pass through the surge protection module 50, which also connect the input of the plug to the charging electronics. These lines are a first incoming external line 52a (L1), a second incoming external line 52b (L2), a third incoming external line 52c (L3), a first outgoing external line 54a (L1out), a second outgoing external line 54b (L2out), an incoming neutral line 56a (N), an outgoing neutral line 56b (Nout), and a protective line or ground line 58 (PE).These lines are designed to transport a three-phase alternating current through the overvoltage protection module 50 to the charging electronics.

[0047] The surge protection module 50 comprises a total of four varistors 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d, with a first varistor 62a being connected to the first incoming outdoor line 52a via a first primary safety line 60a. A second varistor 62b is connected to the second incoming outdoor line 52b via a second primary safety line 60b. A third varistor 62c is connected to the third incoming outdoor line 52c via a third primary safety line 60c. A fourth varistor 62d is connected to the incoming neutral line 56a via a fourth primary safety line 64. In addition, this fourth varistor 62d is also connected to each of the three other varistors 62a, 62b, 62c and the first, second and third primary safety lines 60a, 60b, 60c with a respective incoming external line 52a, 52b, 52c via a continuation of the fourth primary safety line 64.The fourth primary safety line 64, together with the fourth varistor 62d, forms a continuation of the first, second, and third primary safety lines 60a, 60b, 60c. Depending on the definition, the surge protection module 50 comprises three primary safety lines for the first three varistors 62a, 62b, 62c and the fourth primary safety line 64 for the fourth varistor 62d, which is connected to each of the other three primary safety lines 60a, 60b, 60c.

[0048] Furthermore, the continuation of the fourth primary safety line 64, to which all four varistors 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d are connected, has a node between two of these varistors 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d, here between the second and third varistors 62b, 62c, i.e., centrally between all varistors 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d, to which a secondary safety line 66 is connected, along which a gas discharge tube 68 is arranged. This secondary safety line 66, together with the gas discharge tube 68, connects the primary safety lines 60a, 60b, 60c, 60d to the ground line 58.

[0049] The charging electronics 80 and the overvoltage protection module 82, which are Fig. 4, are arranged in a plug of the fourth embodiment of the power supply according to the invention. The plug comprises an input and an output, wherein the plug can be temporarily and detachably connected to a charging station as an electrical energy source via the input and a charging cable. The output of the plug can be temporarily and detachably connected to a device, e.g., an electrically powered vehicle, which is to be charged with electrical energy from the charging station during a charging process.

[0050] In this case, the charging electronics 80 are arranged to face the outlet of the plug and the overvoltage protection module 82 is arranged to face the inlet of the plug. The overvoltage protection module 82 is arranged between the charging electronics 80 and the inlet of the plug, wherein the charging electronics 80 can be connected or is to be connected to the inlet of the plug and thus also to the charging station exclusively via the overvoltage protection module 82. The charging electronics 80 here comprises several electronic components, including a first AC-DC converter 84, a second AC-DC converter 86, a computing unit 88 designed as a microcontroller (µC) for monitoring and thus controlling and / or regulating the charging process, and a shield 90. When charging is carried out using the power supply, a three-phase alternating current is supplied to the plug from the charging station via the charging cable.

[0051] Fig. Figure 4 shows the cables required for this purpose of the charging electronics 80, with only one outer cable 92 (L1) being shown to represent all three phases. Furthermore, a neutral cable 94 (N) and a protective cable 96 (PE) are shown as additional cables, which can also be designed and / or referred to as an earth cable. Provision is made here for the protective cable 96 to completely traverse both the surge protection module 82 and the downstream charging electronics 80. In contrast, the outer cable 92 and the neutral cable 94 are connected to the AC-DC converter 84, which is designed to convert the three-phase alternating current into a direct current, so that the outer cable 92 and the neutral cable 94 are continued by two outer cables 98a (DC+ or DCplus), 98b (DC- or DCminus).

[0052] In the surge protection module 82, a primary safety line 100 is arranged between the outer line 92 and the neutral line 94, connecting the outer line 92 and the neutral line 94, which are arranged parallel to one another. Two varistors 102 are arranged in series along this primary safety line 100. The surge protection module 82 also includes a secondary safety line 104, which connects the primary safety line 100 to the protective line 96. This secondary safety line 104 runs from a node between the two varistors 102 of the primary safety line 100 and the protective line 96. A gas discharge tube 105 is arranged along this secondary safety line 104.

[0053] The Fig. The fifth embodiment of the power supply unit 110, schematically illustrated in Figure 5, for connecting an electrical charging station to an electrical device to be charged comprises a plug 112 with a housing 114 having an input 116 and an output 118. A charging cable 120 is arranged at the input 116, via which the plug 112 can be temporarily and detachably connected to the charging station. Two plug connectors 122, 124 are arranged at the output 118 of the plug 112, wherein the plug 112 can be temporarily and detachably connected to the device via at least one plug connector 122, 124. The housing 114 of the plug 112 encloses charging electronics 126 and an overvoltage protection module 128 as components. The overvoltage protection module 128 is connected to the output 118 of the plug 112 and / or assigned to the output 118.

[0054] In contrast, the charging electronics 126 are connected to the output 118 and / or assigned to the output 118. Furthermore, it is provided that the charging electronics 126 are connected to the output 116 only via the overvoltage protection module 128, wherein the overvoltage protection module 128 is arranged between the charging electronics 126 and the output 116 and thus also between the charging electronics 126 and the charging cable 120. The overvoltage protection module 128 is, for example, like one of the overvoltage protection modules 30, 50, 82 from one of the Fig. 2, Fig. 3 or Fig. 4 trained.

[0055] Furthermore, the plug 112 has a handle 130. A cooler 132 is arranged in and / or on a wall of the housing 114. A fan 134 is arranged in the handle 114 and is designed to convey air by convection into a loop 138 enclosed by the handle 114 and to protect the fingers of a user using the power supply 2 from excessive heat.

[0056] The sixth embodiment of the power supply 140 according to the invention is shown in Fig. 6 is shown schematically. In addition, the seventh embodiment of the power supply 142 according to the invention is shown in Fig. 7. It is provided that both power supplies 140, 142 are a variant of the Fig.1. This plug 4 comprises an output 8, at which two plug connectors 14, 16 are arranged, and a housing 6 in which charging electronics 18 and an overvoltage protection module 20 are arranged. The overvoltage protection module 20 is in turn arranged between the charging electronics 18 and an output 8 of the plug 4. In the case of the sixth embodiment of the power supply 140, a further plug connector 146 is arranged at the output 8 of the plug 4 via a charging cable 144, wherein this charging cable 144 and the further plug connector 146 are designed to transport a direct voltage and / or low voltage from a charging station as an electrical energy source to the input 8 of the plug 4.In contrast, in the case of the seventh embodiment of the power supply 142, a charging cable 148 and also a plug connector 150 are arranged at the output 8 of the plug 4, which are designed to transport a three-phase alternating voltage and / or high voltage from the charging station to the plug 4. Reference numbers: 2 power supply 4 plugs 6 housings 8 Entrance 10 Exit 12 charging cables 14, 16 plug connectors 18 Charging electronics 20 surge protection module 22 handle 24 power semiconductors 26 loop 28 Cooling module 30 surge protection module 32 external line 34 Neutral line 36 Earth wire 38 primary security line 40 varistors 42 secondary safety line 44 gas discharge tubes 50 surge protection module 52a, 52b, 52c 54a, 54b, 54c Outdoor line 56a, 56b Neutral line 58 Earth wire 60a, 60b, 60c primary safety line 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d Varistor 64 primary security line 66 secondary safety line 68 gas dischargers 80 Charging electronics 82 Surge protection module 84, 86 converter 88 computing unit 90 Shielding 92 external line 94 Neutral line 96 protective cable 98a, 98b external line 100 primary security line 102 Varistor 104 secondary safety line 105 gas discharge tubes 110 power supply 112 plugs 114 housings 116 Entrance 118 Exit 120 charging cables 122, 124 plug connectors 126 Charging electronics 128 Surge protection module 130 handle 132 coolers 134 fans 138 loop 140, 142 power supply 144 charging cables 146 plug connectors 148 charging cables 150 plug connectors

Claims

[1] Power supply unit for connecting a charging station to a device, wherein the charging station is designed to provide electrical energy to the device, wherein the power supply unit (2, 110, 140, 142) has a plug (4, 112) with an input (8) and an output (10) and a charging cable (12, 120, 144, 148), wherein the input (8) can be connected to the charging station via a connection, wherein the plug (4, 112) can be connected to the device via the output (10), wherein charging electronics (18, 80, 126), which has a plurality of lines, and an overvoltage protection module (20, 30, 50, 82, 128) are arranged in the plug (4, 112), wherein the overvoltage protection module (20, 30, 50, 82, 128) is arranged between the charging electronics (18, 80, 126) and the input (8) of the plug (4, 112) and has at least one safety line (38, 42, 60a, 60b, 60c, 64, 66, 100, 104) connecting the lines of the charging electronics (18, 80, 126), wherein the overvoltage protection module (20, 30,50, 82, 128) has at least two varistors (40, 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d, 102) arranged along at least one primary safety line (38, 60a, 60b, 60c, 64, 100) of the overvoltage protection module (20, 30, 50, 82, 128), wherein the overvoltage protection module (20, 30, 50, 82, 128) has at least one gas discharge tube (44, 68, 105) arranged along at least one secondary safety line (42, 66, 104) of the overvoltage protection module (20, 30, 50, 82, 128), wherein the at least one gas discharge tube (44, 68, 105) is a further line of the charging electronics (18, 80, 126) to a section of the at least one primary safety line (38, 60a, 60b, 60c, 64, 100) arranged between two of the at least two series-connected varistors (40, 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d, 102), wherein an inductance of the charging cable (12, 120, 144, 148) is also used as a connection for an input filter measure against overvoltage. [2] Power supply according to claim 1, wherein at least one plug connector (14, 16, 122, 124) is arranged at the output (10) of the plug (4, 112). [3] Power supply unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plug connector (146, 150) is arranged at one end of the connection which is to be assigned to the charging station and faces away from the plug (4, 112). [4] Power supply according to one of the preceding claims, in which the charging electronics (18, 80, 126) are designed as power electronics. [5] Power supply unit according to one of the preceding claims, which is designed for charging a device designed as a vehicle.

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