Door opener

Abstract

Door opener (10) with a housing (12), a latch element (20) and a switchable locking device (30, 40), wherein the latch element (20) is movably mounted in the housing (12) between a closed position (90) and an open position (92), wherein the switchable locking device (30, 40) selectively locks the latch element (20) in the closed position (90) or releases it for movement into the open position (92), wherein the switchable locking device (30, 40) comprises at least one rotationally symmetrical retaining body (30) slidably mounted in a body receptacle (14) of the housing (12) in a respective displacement force direction (62), and wherein the latch element (20) is mechanically operatively connected to the respective retaining body (30) such that when the latch element (20) moves from the closed position (90) to the open position (92) the respective holding body (30) is movable in the body receptacle (14), wherein the respective holding body (30) can be acted upon by a respective movement force (50) generated during a movement of the trap element (20) into the opening position (92) in a respective movement force direction (60) such that the respective movement force (50) is divided into a respective displacement force (52) along the respective displacement force direction (62) for displacing the respective holding body (30) in the body receptacle (14) and a respective holding force (54) in a respective holding force direction (64) transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the respective displacement force direction (62) for introducing it into a wall (16) of the body receptacle (14), wherein the respective holding force (54) is greater than the respective displacement force (52), wherein the switchable locking device (30, 40) comprises a locking element (40) which is located in and / or on the body receptacle (14) to switchably prevent displacement of at least one of the at least one retaining body (30), preferably a last retaining body (32), along whose displacement force direction (62) in the body receptacle (14) between a The release position (46) and a locking position (48) are movably arranged, wherein the locking element (40) in its release position (46) enables the movement of the corresponding holding body (30), preferably all holding bodies (30), in the body receptacle (14) and in its locking position (48) the displacement of the corresponding holding body (30), preferably all holding bodies (30), in the body receptacle (14) is prevented, characterized by the fact that The locking element (40) to prevent the displacement of the corresponding holding body (30) in its locking position (48) contacts the corresponding holding body (30) by force-locking and / or form-locking, preferably form-locking.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a door opener with a housing, a latch element and a switchable locking device, wherein the latch element is movably mounted in the housing between a closed position and an open position, wherein the switchable locking device selectively locks the latch element in the closed position or releases it for movement into the open position, wherein the switchable locking device comprises at least one rotationally symmetrical retaining body which is slidably mounted in a body receptacle of the housing in a respective direction of displacement force, and wherein the latch element is mechanically connected to the respective retaining body in such a way that when the latch element moves from the closed position to the open position, the respective retaining body is slidable in the body receptacle.

[0002] A door opener with the features according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from German patent applications DE 196 17 150 A1 and DE 199 43 608 A1. Another door opener of the same type is known from German patent application DE 10 2017 202 376 B3.

[0003] Door openers are used in modern technology to control or prevent the opening of a door. For this purpose, known door openers have at least one latch element, which is designed to engage the door latch, usually by positive locking. The latch element is movably mounted in a housing of the door opener between a closed and an open position. Preferably, the latch element can be locked in its closed position in such a way that the door is prevented from opening by means of the positive locking with the door latch. The above describes an arrangement of the door opener in a door frame and an arrangement of the door latch on and / or in a door leaf. Of course, a reverse arrangement is also conceivable with known door openers.

[0004] Furthermore, common door openers often feature retaining elements that are mechanically connected to the latch element of the door opener, and which at least indirectly prevent the movement of the latch element. For example, the retaining element may engage in a recess of the latch element when it is in its closed position. In this case, movement of the latch element from its closed to its open position is only possible if the retaining element can be moved or pushed out of the recess. This simultaneously locks the entire door opener if the aforementioned movement of the retaining element is blocked.

[0005] Common door openers, especially those based on the operating principle described above, often have the disadvantage that the holding force provided by the door opener is significantly less than that of a conventional door lock. Furthermore, with common door openers, the holding element can jam, particularly under preload, which can unintentionally and unintentionally block the door from being opened.

[0006] The object of the present invention is to at least partially overcome the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a door opener in which it is possible, in a mechanically particularly simple manner, to provide a high holding force and / or to prevent or at least make jamming of the door opener more difficult, thereby improving the opening reliability of the door opener.

[0007] The above problem is solved by a door opener having the features of independent claim 1. Further advantages and features of the door opener according to the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings.

[0008] The foregoing problem is solved in particular by the fact that the respective holding body can be acted upon by a respective force of motion generated during a movement of the trap element into the opening position in such a way that the respective force of motion is divided into a respective displacement force along the respective displacement force direction for displacing the respective holding body in the body receptacle and a respective holding force in a respective holding force direction transverse, in particular perpendicular, to the respective displacement force direction for introducing it into a wall of the body receptacle, wherein the respective holding force is greater than the respective displacement force.

[0009] A door opener according to the invention can enable or block the opening movement of a door leaf of a door equipped with such a door opener. For this purpose, a door opener according to the invention particularly comprises a latch element that is movably mounted in a housing of the door opener. The latch element can, in particular, assume a closed position and an open position and be moved reversibly between these two positions. In the closed position, it is preferably provided that the latch element positively engages a door latch of the door and thereby prevents movement of the door leaf. This can be achieved by allowing the latch element of the door opener according to the invention to be controlled and / or switched to lock it in its closed position.When the latch element is released, it can be provided that, when the door leaf moves, the door latch moves the latch element from its closed position to its open position by means of positive contact.

[0010] Inside its housing, a door opener according to the invention further comprises a body receptacle in which at least one rotationally symmetrical retaining element is slidably mounted in a direction of displacement force. In particular, the at least one retaining element is mounted directly in the body receptacle. In other words, it is preferable that the retaining element is directly contacted by a wall of the body receptacle and thereby mounted. Each of the at least one retaining element is mechanically connected, directly or at least indirectly, to the latch element of the door opener according to the invention, so that when the latch element moves from its closed position to its open position, each of the at least one retaining element is displaced in the body receptacle according to its direction of displacement force.

[0011] For the displacement of each of the at least one holding element described above, the corresponding holding element must be subjected to a moving force. This can preferably be done, for example, in a cascaded manner, whereby a first of the at least one holding element is directly subjected to the moving force via an interaction area of ​​the trap element, which is, for example, flat and / or projecting. This is preferably also the case when only a single holding element is present. With several holding elements, these holding elements can be arranged adjacent to each other in the body receptacle and thus one after the other, with the moving force then being cascaded from one holding element to the next in the series of holding elements.

[0012] A flat and / or protruding interaction area of ​​the latch element represents a contrasting design compared to a recessed receptacle or recess. This prevents, in particular, the retaining element from becoming jammed in the latch element when engaging a receptacle or recess, thus unintentionally preventing the door from opening.

[0013] According to the invention, the force applied to each of the at least one retaining element is divided into a displacement force along the displacement force direction of the corresponding retaining element in the housing's body receptacle and a holding force in a holding force direction transverse to this displacement force direction. Both the displacement force direction and the holding force direction are oriented differently relative to the displacement force direction for each of the at least one retaining element. This ensures that neither the displacement force nor the holding force corresponds entirely to the displacement force. The displacement force causes the corresponding at least one retaining element to move within the body receptacle, while the holding force is transferred into the wall of the body receptacle. The direct mounting of each of the at least one retaining element within the body receptacle is advantageous in this regard.Furthermore, the holding force in each of the at least one retaining element is greater than the displacement force. In other words, a larger proportion of the force generated by the trap element is transferred into the housing, and only a smaller portion is used for actually moving the corresponding retaining elements within the body receptacle.

[0014] Because at least part of the applied movement force remains as a displacement force in each of the at least one holding element, jamming of the respective holding element in the body receptacle can be prevented or at least made significantly more difficult for each of the at least one holding element.

[0015] Locking a door opener according to the invention, that is, preventing the latch element from moving from its closed to its open position, can be achieved in particular by preventing displacement of at least one of the retaining elements within the body receptacle. An additional element of the door opener, acting on the corresponding retaining element against the direction of its displacement force, can provide this. Since, according to the invention, the respective holding force in the corresponding retaining element is greater than the displacement force, only this lower displacement force needs to be considered to prevent displacement of the corresponding retaining element within the body receptacle. In this way, a high overall closing effect of a door opener according to the invention can be achieved with less effort via the force transmission through the at least one retaining element.

[0016] Particularly preferred in a door opener according to the invention is the provision that the at least one holding element comprises two or more holding elements arranged in a series, particularly directly one after the other, starting from the latch element. All the advantages of a door opener according to the invention described above in general terms can be provided, and in particular even enhanced, by a door opener according to the invention with two or more holding elements.

[0017] This ensures that, with the exception of the first holding element, which is directly moved within the body receptacle by the trap element, each subsequent holding element is itself moved by a holding element within the body receptacle. This results in a stepwise force transmission, as each holding element can only exert its displacement force on the next holding element. This displacement force of the first holding element of two adjacent holding elements is, in turn, divided into a holding force and a displacement force in the second holding element of the two adjacent holding elements, with the displacement force again being greater than the holding force. In this way, a successive cascading force transmission is achieved through the series of two or more holding elements.

[0018] Conversely, a particularly small counterforce on the last of the two or more holding elements can provide a particularly large force on the first of the two or more holding elements, thereby increasing the overall holding force of the door opener.

[0019] At the same time, by successively distributing the forces between the two or more holding bodies, whereby a sliding force remains in each of the two or more holding bodies, it can be ensured that jamming of the holding bodies in the body receptacle is prevented or at least significantly made more difficult.

[0020] In particular, it can be provided that a subsequent holding body can be subjected to the respective moving force by the preceding holding body, and / or that the respective moving force of a subsequent holding body corresponds to the displacement force of the preceding holding body.

[0021] A door opener according to the invention can be particularly preferably designed such that the directions of displacement and holding forces of adjacent holding elements are oriented differently. In other words, adjacent holding elements are not moved in the body receptacle with the same direction of displacement. This makes it particularly easy to ensure that the direction of displacement and holding forces for each holding element differs from the direction of the force applied to that element. The body receptacle can also be designed to correspond to the different directions of displacement of the individual holding elements, particularly preferably.

[0022] In a further development of a door opener according to the invention, it can also be provided that adjacent retaining elements are arranged in the body receptacle such that the axis of symmetry of one, in particular the preceding, of the adjacent retaining elements is offset from the direction of the displacement force of the other, in particular the following, of the adjacent retaining elements. This makes it particularly easy to ensure that the respective directions of the displacement forces and the directions of the holding forces of adjacent retaining elements are oriented differently. For spherical retaining elements, for example, an axis perpendicular to a plane defined by the movement force, holding force, and displacement force can be used as the axis of symmetry.

[0023] In particular, it can be provided that the ratio of displacement force to holding force of the first holding element is greater than the corresponding ratio of the second holding element, and especially of all subsequent holding elements. This results in a flat force application and thus a high error tolerance.

[0024] A door opener according to the invention can also be further developed in such a way that adjacent retaining elements are designed differently. Differently designed within the meaning of the invention can, in particular, mean that the adjacent retaining elements have different radii, or are formed in fundamentally different rotationally symmetrical geometries, such as a sphere or a cylinder. This allows for particularly good adaptation of the closing force provided by a door opener according to the invention or particularly good utilization of the installation space available in a door opener according to the invention.

[0025] Furthermore, in a door opener according to the invention, the latch element can be designed as a rotary latch, in particular as a single-arm rotary latch. Rotary latches represent particularly simple latch elements, wherein the latch element is rotatably mounted in the housing of the door opener, for example about a pivot axis, during its movement between the closed and open positions. Complex bearings, which are necessary, for example, with linearly displaceable latch elements, can thus be avoided.

[0026] According to a preferred further development of a door opener according to the invention, it can also be provided, in principle, i.e., in particular also independently of whether the latch element is designed as a rotary latch, that the first holding body can be subjected to the kinetic force acting on it by an interaction area of ​​the latch element. In particular, the interaction area of ​​the latch element can be flat and / or projecting.

[0027] It can be provided that the interaction area of ​​the latch element is shaped such that, when the first holding element is moved, the direction of the force acting upon it is independent, or at least substantially independent, of the rotation angle of the rotary latch. In other words, this ensures that the same force is required to move the latch element from the closed position to the open position, regardless of the rotation angle of the rotary latch. This can be achieved, for example, by a corresponding contour of the interaction area that depends on the axis of rotation of the rotary latch and the direction of the displacement force of the first holding element. Particularly smooth opening of the door, which is held closed by a door opener according to the invention, can thus be ensured.

[0028] A door opener according to the invention can also be designed such that the holding force for at least one holding element, preferably for each holding element, is at least twice, in particular at least five times, and preferably at least ten times greater than the respective sliding force. In other words, it can preferably be provided that at least twice as much, in particular at least five times as much, and preferably at least ten times as much, force is transferred into the housing as a holding force at at least one of the at least one holding elements, preferably at all of them, and used as a sliding force for the actual sliding of the corresponding holding element in the body receptacle. A particularly good and high force transmission can be ensured in this way.

[0029] Conversely, even a particularly low locking force can prevent movement or displacement of the corresponding holding element in the body receptacle, thereby increasing the overall holding force of the door opener according to the invention when the door opener according to the invention is locked.

[0030] A door opener according to the invention can also be designed such that the distribution of the respective moving force for the at least one holding element, preferably for each holding element, is adjusted such that the respective sliding force is greater, preferably at least twice as great, as the respective frictional force occurring during the displacement of the respective holding element and acting against the respective direction of the sliding force. Simply by using rotationally symmetrical holding elements, the overall frictional force during displacement of the corresponding holding elements within the body receptacle can be reduced. By additionally and preferably distributing the moving force such that the sliding force is at least greater, preferably at least twice as great, as the corresponding frictional force, the displacement of the respective holding element within the body receptacle can be ensured.In this way, the risk of the corresponding holding element becoming jammed in the body receptacle and thus of the entire door opener according to the invention becoming jammed can be reduced or at least made significantly more difficult.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment of a door opener according to the invention, the respective retaining element can further be a ball, preferably a ball bearing ball, a needle sleeve, or a dowel pin. Such components can be manufactured with high precision and strength, yet have a low unit price. A door opener according to the invention can thus be manufactured with particular precision and at the same time cost-effectively by designing the at least one retaining element as a ball, preferably a ball bearing ball, a needle sleeve, or a dowel pin.

[0032] The door opener according to the invention further provides that the switchable locking device comprises a locking element which is arranged in and / or on the body receptacle to prevent displacement of at least one of the at least one retaining body, preferably a last retaining body, along which it is movably arranged in the body receptacle between a release position and a locking position in the direction of the displacement force, wherein the locking element, in its release position, allows the displacement of the corresponding retaining body, preferably all retaining bodies, in the body receptacle and, in its locking position, prevents the displacement of the corresponding retaining body, preferably all retaining bodies, in the body receptacle. Such a locking element thus makes it possible to prevent displacement of the corresponding retaining body, preferably all retaining bodies, in the body receptacle.Simultaneously, this ensures that the latching element of the door opener according to the invention, which is mechanically connected to the at least one retaining body, is moved from an open position to its closed position. In this way, opening a door equipped with a door opener according to the invention can be reliably and, in particular, switchably prevented. In particular, the switching of the door opener according to the invention can be made especially easy by moving the locking element between a release position and a locking position.

[0033] The door opener according to the invention is designed such that the locking element, in order to prevent the corresponding retaining body from shifting in its locked position, contacts the corresponding retaining body by frictional and / or positive locking, preferably positive locking. To provide its functionality, the locking element must prevent the corresponding retaining body from shifting. This can be achieved by frictional locking, for example, by a controlled and planned clamping of the corresponding retaining body in the body receptacle. Preferably, however, the locking element can be inserted into the body receptacle in such a way that it positively locks and prevents the corresponding retaining body from shifting within the body receptacle.In contrast to frictional locking, the form-locking variant offers a higher level of safety in that even under high force applied to the door opener according to the invention, it is possible to prevent the corresponding holding element from being dislodged in the body receptacle.

[0034] Preferably, in a door opener according to the invention, the locking element can further be provided that it is movable between its release position and its locking position along a locking direction, wherein the locking direction is oriented transversely to the direction of displacement of the corresponding retaining body. In the case of a positive-locking prevention of displacement of the corresponding retaining body, this means that the locking element is inserted laterally to the direction of movement or displacement of the corresponding retaining body. The displacement force of the corresponding retaining body thus does not act in the direction of the locking element, but perpendicular to it, whereby the displacement force can preferably be transferred positively into the housing of the door opener according to the invention via the locking element. In this way, ensuring the prevention of displacement of the corresponding retaining body can be further enhanced.

[0035] The invention is described below with reference to the figures. Elements with the same function and mode of operation are each provided with the same reference numerals in the figures.

[0036] They each show schematically: Fig. 1 Holding body and forces acting on it, Fig. 2 a door opener according to the invention, Fig. 3 an enlarged view of a part of the door opener according to the invention Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 different views of the door opener according to the invention Fig. 2 with a trap element in its closed position and its open position.

[0037] Fig. Figure 1 shows the essential operating principle of a door opener 10 according to the invention (see Figure 1). Fig. 2 to 4), in particular the distribution of the forces acting on the holding body 30. On the left side of the Fig. Figure 1 shows a single retaining body 30, and on the right side of the Fig. Figure 1 shows two holding bodies 30, each of which is stored in a body receptacle 14 of a door opener 10.

[0038] The left image in Fig. Figure 1 shows a single retaining element 30, which is directly supported in a body receptacle 14, as is particularly evident from the direct contact of the retaining element 30 with a wall 16 of the body receptacle 14. A kinetic force 50 acts on the retaining element 30 in a kinetic force direction 60. This kinetic force 50 can, for example, be provided by a latching element 20 of the door opener 10 (see Figure 1). Fig. 2 to 4) are exerted on the illustrated holding body 30. According to the invention, the movement force 50 is divided, in particular into a holding force 54 and a displacement force 52. Both the displacement force direction 62 of the displacement force 52 and the holding force direction 64 of the holding force 54 are different from the movement force direction 60 of the movement force 50. Furthermore, this division is carried out in particular such that the holding force 54 is greater than the displacement force 52.

[0039] This division offers several advantages. The mandatory presence of the displacement force 52 ensures that the risk of the retaining element 30 jamming in the body receptacle 14 is reduced or even completely eliminated. A locking force 70, required to prevent movement of the retaining element 30 and whose locking force direction 72 is opposite to the displacement force direction 62, can thus be provided in a reduced form, especially since, as described above, the retaining force 54 is greater than the displacement force 52. Simultaneously, the displacement force 52, provided by the corresponding division of the movement force 50, is sufficient to overcome a frictional force 56 acting opposite to the displacement force direction 62. The magnitude of this frictional force 56 can be reduced simply by making the retaining elements 30 rotationally symmetrical.

[0040] The right image of Fig. Figure 1 now shows a body recording 14 in which two holding bodies 30 are arranged adjacent to each other and in contact with each other. The process shown in the left-hand figure is carried out in each of these two holding bodies 30. Fig. Figure 1 shows the introduction of a movement force 50 and its division into a displacement force 52 and a holding force 54. This results in a force transmission that increases with the number of holding elements 30 used. The locking force 70 required to prevent the movement of the holding elements 30 in the body receptacle 14 in the direction of the locking force 72 can thus be particularly small, especially compared to the movement force 50 acting on the first holding element 30 in the direction of the movement force 60. In a door opener 10 according to the invention, a particularly high overall holding force can be provided in this way, whereby the remaining displacement force 52 for each individual holding element 30 prevents jamming of the holding elements 30 in the body receptacle 14 and thus improves the opening reliability of the door opener 10.

[0041] The Fig. 2 and Fig. Figure 3 shows a door opener 10 according to the invention in a sectional view, wherein Fig. 3 an enlarged view of a central area of Fig. 2 represents. The two Fig. 2 and Fig. Therefore, the three will be described together below, with individual figures being discussed separately where appropriate.

[0042] Fig. 2 and Fig. Figure 3 shows a door opener 10 according to the invention, the latch element 20 of which is designed as a rotary latch 22. A latch section 24 of the latch element 20 is in mechanical operative contact with a door latch 110. A body receptacle 14 is formed in the housing 12 of the door opener 10, in which two retaining elements 30 are directly mounted, in particular by direct contact with the wall 16 of the body receptacle 14. The two retaining elements 30 are rotationally symmetrical, for example as balls, ball bearing balls, needle sleeves or dowel pins. Two identical retaining elements 30 are shown. However, to adapt the mechanical properties of the door opener 10, the two retaining elements 30 can also be designed differently.

[0043] In order for the door latch 110, and thus the entire door, to be opened, the latch element 20 must be moved from its closed position 90 according to the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 into an opening position 92, as shown in the two right-hand illustrations of the Fig. As shown in Figure 4, the latch element 20 can be pivoted. Because the latch element 20 is mechanically connected to each of the depicted retaining bodies 30—directly to the first retaining body 30 via the interaction area 26 of the latch element 20, and indirectly to the second retaining body 30, which simultaneously represents the last retaining body 32, via the first retaining body 30—both retaining bodies 30 are moved from the closed position 90 to the open position 92 in the body receptacle 14 during this movement of the latch element 20. In the depicted embodiment of the door opener 10, such movement of the retaining bodies 30 is prevented by a locking element 40 in its locking position 48. The locking element 40 is inserted into the body receptacle 14 in a locking direction 44 and thus positively prevents the retaining bodies 30 from moving.The two retaining bodies 30 and the locking element 40 are each part of a switchable locking device, as will be explained in more detail below.

[0044] At the same time, the inventive principle of distributing forces that arise during a movement of the trap element 20 from the closed position 90 to the open position 92 is Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 basically presented. In particular in Fig. Figure 3 clearly shows that a kinetic force 50 is introduced into the first holding body 30 in a kinetic force direction 60 through the interaction area 26, which is formed in the depicted trap element 20. In the holding body 30, this kinetic force 50 is divided into a holding force 54 and a displacement force 52, wherein both the displacement force direction 62 of the displacement force 52 and the holding force direction 64 of the holding force 54 are oriented differently from the kinetic force direction 60 of the kinetic force 50. It is also clearly evident that the holding force 54 is greater than the displacement force 52, preferably at least twice, at least five times, or at least ten times greater. In this way, it can be ensured that a larger part of the kinetic force 50 is directly transferred into the housing 12, in particular into the wall 16 of the body receptacle 14.A smaller portion of the kinetic force 50 is used as a displacement force 52 to move the first holding element 30 within the body receptacle 14. The displacement force 52 is specifically chosen to be larger than a frictional force 56, which acts in the opposite direction to the displacement force 62. Due to the positive-locking contact of the adjacent holding elements 30, the displacement force 52 of the first holding element 30 is transmitted as a kinetic force 50 to the second holding element 30, which in this embodiment forms the last holding element 32. In the last holding element 32, the kinetic force 50 is again divided into a holding force 54 and a smaller displacement force 52.

[0045] The division is carried out in such a way that the corresponding frictional force 56 of the last holding body 32 is smaller than the displacement force 52.

[0046] By arranging the respective axes of symmetry 34 of the two retaining bodies 30 with an offset 36 to each other along the displacement force direction 62 of the last retaining body 32, it is particularly easy to ensure that the respective displacement force directions 62 and holding force directions 64 of the two retaining bodies 30 are configured differently. This further makes it more difficult for the retaining bodies 30 to jam in the body receptacle 14.

[0047] Furthermore, the interaction area 26 of the trap element 20 is designed such that the direction of the force of motion 60 of the force of motion 50 introduced into the first holding body 30 is independent or at least essentially independent of a rotation angle of the trap element 20 designed as a rotary trap 22.

[0048] It is particularly evident that the presence of multiple retaining elements 30 enables a cascading force transmission. For example, the displacement force 52 of the first retaining element 30 is significantly greater than the displacement force 52 of the last retaining element 32. The locking force 70 required to prevent displacement of the last retaining element 32 can thus be particularly small. Conversely, such a small locking force 70, through the force transmission by the individual retaining elements 30, allows for a particularly high holding force of the entire door opener 10.

[0049] In Fig. Figure 4 shows the essential elements of the door opener 10 according to the invention, with the two left-hand figures showing the door opener 10 with its latch element 20 in its closed position 90, and the two right-hand figures showing the door opener 10 with its latch element 20 in its open position 92. The two upper figures show a sectional view of the door opener 10, and the two lower figures an isometric view. The four figures are described together below, and their respective features are discussed accordingly.

[0050] It is clearly visible that when the latch element 20 moves from its closed position 90 to its open position 92, the latch element 20, designed as a rotary latch 22, pivots about its axis of rotation 100 and, via its interaction area 26 and the corresponding mechanical connections, the two retaining elements 30 are displaced in the body receptacle 14. The advantages of the invention regarding the prevention of jamming of the retaining elements 30 in the body receptacle 14 can thus be provided in this embodiment of a door opener 10 according to the invention. At the same time, by appropriately distributing the movement forces 50 generated by the movement of the latch element 20, it is possible to prevent movement of the retaining elements 30 in the body receptacle 14 and thus of the entire latch element 20 by particularly small locking forces 70 (not shown).

[0051] Clearly illustrated in Fig. 4 is in particular a locking magnet 104 and a lever arm 106 associated therewith, by which the locking element 40, visible in particular in the two upper figures of Fig. 4, can be switched. Thus, in the left-hand illustrations, the locking element 40 is in its locked position 48, in which movement or displacement of the retaining bodies 30 in the body receptacle 14 is prevented by a positive-locking contact between the last retaining body 32 and the locking element 40. The two right-hand illustrations, in turn, show the locking element 40 in its release position 46, in which the corresponding displacement of the retaining bodies 30 is possible. This allows the latch element 20 to pivot from its closed position 90 to its open position 92. The two retaining bodies 30 and the locking element 40 thus form a switchable locking device, or at least a part thereof, which selectively locks the latch element 20 in the closed position 90 or releases it for movement into the open position 92. Return elements that move the latch element 20 into the closed position 90 or the retaining bodies 30 into the Fig. 2 and Fig. The positions shown in the figures are not shown in the diagram. Reference sign 10 door openers 12 cases 14 Body image 16 wall 20 trap elements 22 Rotary Trap 24 Trap section 26 Interaction area 30 holding bodies 32 last retaining body 34 Axis of symmetry 36 offset 40 locking element 44 Blocking direction 46 Release position 48 Locking position 50 kinetic energy 52 Displacement force 54 Holding force 56 Frictional force 60 Direction of movement force 62 Direction of displacement force 64 Holding force direction 70 locking force 72 Locking force direction 90° closing position 92 Opening position 100 rotary axis 104 Locking magnet 106 Lever arm 110 Door latch

Claims

[1] Door opener (10) with a housing (12), a latch element (20) and a switchable locking device (30, 40), wherein the latch element (20) is movably mounted in the housing (12) between a closed position (90) and an open position (92), wherein the switchable locking device (30, 40) selectively locks the latch element (20) in the closed position (90) or releases it for movement into the open position (92), wherein the switchable locking device (30, 40) comprises at least one rotationally symmetrical retaining body (30) which is slidably mounted in a body receptacle (14) of the housing (12) in a respective displacement force direction (62), and wherein the latch element (20) is mechanically operatively connected to the respective retaining body (30) such that when the latch element (20) moves from the closed position (90) into the Opening position (92) the respective holding body (30) is movable in the body receptacle (14), wherein the respective holding body (30) can be acted upon by a respective movement force (50) generated during a movement of the trap element (20) into the opening position (92) in a respective movement force direction (60) such that the respective movement force (50) is divided into a respective displacement force (52) along the respective displacement force direction (62) for displacing the respective holding body (30) in the body receptacle (14) and a respective holding force (54) in a respective holding force direction (64) transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the respective displacement force direction (62) for introducing it into a wall (16) of the body receptacle (14), wherein the respective holding force (54) is greater than the respective displacement force (52), wherein the switchable locking device (30, 40) comprises a locking element (40) which is located in and / or on the body receptacle (14) to switchably prevent displacement of at least one of the at least one retaining body (30), preferably a last retaining body (32), along whose displacement force direction (62) in the body receptacle (14) between a The release position (46) and a locking position (48) are movably arranged, wherein the locking element (40) in its release position (46) enables the movement of the corresponding holding body (30), preferably all holding bodies (30), in the body receptacle (14) and in its locking position (48) the displacement of the corresponding holding body (30), preferably all holding bodies (30), in the body receptacle (14) is prevented, characterized by , that The locking element (40) to prevent the displacement of the corresponding holding body (30) in its locking position (48) contacts the corresponding holding body (30) by force-locking and / or form-locking, preferably form-locking. [2] Door opener (10) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the at least one retaining body (30) comprises two or more retaining bodies (30) arranged in a series, in particular immediately following one another, starting from the trap element (20). [3] Door opener (10) according to claim 2, characterized by , that a subsequent holding body (30) can be acted upon by the respective preceding holding body (30) with the respective movement force (50), and / or the respective movement force (50) of a subsequent holding body (30) corresponds to the displacement force (52) of the respective preceding holding body (30). [4] Door opener (10) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by, that the displacement force directions (62) of the displacement forces (52) and the holding force directions (64) of the holding forces (54) of adjacent holding bodies (30) are oriented differently. [5] Door opener (10) according to any one of the preceding claims 2 to 4, characterized by , that adjacent retaining bodies (30) are arranged in the body receptacle (14) such that an axis of symmetry (34) of the preceding of the adjacent retaining bodies (30) is arranged with an offset (36) to the displacement force direction (62) of the following of the adjacent retaining bodies (30). [6] Door opener (10) according to any one of the preceding claims 2 to 5, characterized by , that the ratio of displacement force (52) and holding force (54) of the first holding body (30) is greater than the corresponding ratio of the second holding body (30), in particular of all further holding bodies (30). [7] Door opener (10) according to any one of the preceding claims 2 to 6, characterized by, that adjacent holding bodies (30) are designed differently. [8] Door opener (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the trap element (20) is designed as a rotary trap (22). [9] Door opener (10) according to claim 8, characterized by , that the first holding body (30) can be subjected to the kinetic force (50) acting on it by an interaction area (26) of the trap element (20), wherein the interaction area (26) of the trap element (20) is shaped such that when the first holding body (30) is moved, the direction of the kinetic force (60) of the kinetic force (50) acting on it is independent or at least substantially independent of a rotation angle of the rotary trap (22). [10] Door opener (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that for the at least one holding body (30), preferably for each holding body (30), the respective holding force (54) is at least twice, in particular at least five times, preferably at least ten times, greater than the respective displacement force (52). [11] Door opener (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that for at least one holding body (30), preferably for each holding body (30), the distribution of the respective movement force (50) is adjusted such that the respective displacement force (52) is greater, preferably at least twice as large, as a respective frictional force (56) occurring during the displacement of the respective holding body (30) and acting against the respective displacement force direction (62). [12] Door opener (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by that the respective retaining element (30) is a ball, preferably a ball bearing ball, a needle sleeve or a dowel pin. [13] Door opener (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the locking element (40) is movable between its release position (46) and its locking position (48) along a locking direction (44), wherein the locking direction (44) is oriented transversely to the displacement force direction (62) of the corresponding holding body (30).

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