Device for thickening a mixture
A compact, rotatable drum device with sieves or filters efficiently separates liquids from solids in mixtures like sewage sludge, addressing structural inefficiencies in existing thickening technologies.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- DE102019218403
- Authority / Receiving Office
- DE · DE
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2019-11-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2039-11-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing devices for thickening mixtures, such as wastewater or mud, often suffer from complex structures and inefficiencies in separating liquids from solids, particularly in sewage sludge processing.
A compact device with a rotatable drum equipped with a separation arrangement featuring sieves or filters, allowing for the separation of liquids from solids through a controlled introduction and discharge process, facilitated by a supply line and output opening, which promotes efficient thickening and continuous operation.
The device achieves efficient thickening of mixtures by continuously separating liquids from solids with a simple structure, reducing operational complexity and enhancing the effectiveness of the thickening process.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
FIELD OF APPLICATION AND STATE OF THE ART
[0001] The invention relates to a device for thickening a mixture.
[0002] Devices for thickening wastewater or sludge, especially sewage sludge, are known. Thickening using the device is often achieved by filtering or sieving the wastewater or sludge, separating solids from a liquid, especially water.
[0003] WO 01 / 72426 A1 discloses a device for introducing a mixture, particularly wastewater. As the side views clearly show, the device comprises a round-cylindrical drum with a round-cylindrical drum wall. The end walls of the drum are round and of equal size. Filtering or separating particles is achieved by lamellar sieves extending into the interior of the drum.
[0004] DE 36 37 425 C2 discloses a device for dewatering sludge-like materials. The device comprises a drum rotatable about a downwardly inclined longitudinal axis. The sludge-like materials are introduced into the drum at an upper end. A surrounding drum wall is designed as a sieve. The sieving action separates water from the sludge-like materials, separating them from solid and large components. These can be removed separately at a lower end. The sieved water can be collected and drained away. TASK AND SOLUTION
[0005] The invention is based on the object of creating a device for thickening a mixture as mentioned above, with which the problems of the prior art can be avoided, wherein in particular the device has a compact design.
[0006] This object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1. Advantageous and preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the further claims and are explained in more detail below. Some of the features are described only for the device or only for the method. However, they are intended to be applicable to the device independently and independently of one another. The wording of the claims is incorporated into the description by express reference.
[0007] The device according to the invention serves to thicken a mixture of a liquid and a solid while separating at least part of the liquid from the solid. For this purpose, it has a drum that can be rotated about a rotational axis. It has a first end face and a second end face, wherein the rotational axis runs through the two end faces. Between the first end face and the second end face, a separation arrangement is arranged on a wall of the drum, which has a number of sieves, in particular 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 sieves, and / or a number of filters, in particular 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 filters. Advantageously, the wall consists of several wall sections, so exactly one sieve and / or filter can be provided per wall section. The separation arrangement is designed to retain the solid and allow the liquid to pass through.The device further comprises a feed line for introducing the mixture into an inlet section of an interior of the drum. The inlet section is arranged closer to the second end face than to the first end face. The device further comprises a discharge opening for discharging the thickened mixture from the interior of the drum, wherein the discharge opening is arranged on the first end face. The drum is designed to convey the mixture from the inlet section to the discharge opening by rotation about the axis of rotation and, during this conveying, to thicken the mixture by separating the liquid through the separation arrangement. The drum is further designed to discharge the thickened mixture from the interior of the drum through the discharge opening by rotation about its axis of rotation so that it can be removed. The feed line runs through the discharge opening and / or through the first end face.
[0008] By having the supply line pass through the discharge opening and / or through the first end face, a compact design of the device is advantageously achieved. Furthermore, introducing the mixture into the inlet section of the drum's interior allows for efficient thickening of the mixture. Furthermore, the device avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and, in particular, achieves a simple design.
[0009] The device can be a process plant, in particular a screening plant and / or filter plant. The mixture can be wastewater, process water, sludge, in particular sewage sludge, wastewater sludge, cooling water, river water, and / or industrial water. The liquid can be water. The solid can comprise or be a coarse material, a suspended matter, a particle, or a fiber. In particular, the solid can comprise or be dirt or grime. Separating at least part of the liquid from the solid can involve dewatering the mixture. Advantageously, the separation purifies the liquid.
[0010] The drum can be symmetrical to the rotation axis. The drum can be composed of two or more segments. For example, the drum can be composed of two segments in the form of two half-shells, with the drum being hollow cylindrical. The two half-shells can each be a hollow cylinder half. Alternatively, the drum can be composed of individual flat segments, in particular sheet metal segments or segments with flat screens and / or filters.
[0011] The drum can be a screening drum and / or a filter drum. The first end face can be arranged opposite the second end face. Both end faces can be parallel to each other.
[0012] The device can preferably comprise the separating arrangement. The separating arrangement can be flat or planar. The separating arrangement is preferably flat or planar if the drum is composed of flat segments. Alternatively, the separating arrangement can have a curvature such that, in particular, the separating arrangement rests against a curvature of the wall.
[0013] At least one sieve, in particular all of the sieves, of the plurality of sieves may comprise a grid and / or a mesh, in particular with a square mesh, long mesh, or diamond mesh. Alternatively or additionally, at least one sieve, in particular all of the sieves, of the plurality of sieves may be a perforated sheet.
[0014] At least one filter, in particular all of the filters, of the plurality of filters can be a particle filter, a suspended matter filter, a fiber filter, a microfilter, an ultrafilter, a nanofilter, a paper filter, a fabric filter, a wire filter, or a water filter. Combinations of several such filters can also be provided.
[0015] The introduction of the mixture can be controlled by a control loop; in particular, the control loop can control the introduction of the mixture depending on the thickened mixture discharged. Preferably, the control loop can control the introduction of the mixture continuously or continuously. The feed line can be connected to a pump for introducing the mixture, in particular an eccentric screw pump. The pump can be continuously adjustable, in particular via the control loop. Alternatively or additionally, the feed line for introducing the mixture can be fluidically connected to a sewage treatment plant from which the mixture is supplied for thickening.
[0016] The supply line can be designed to be fed with a flocculant for the agglomeration or flocculation of the smallest solids, especially dirt particles, in the mixture. In particular, the supply line can have a connection for introducing the flocculant into the supply line. The flocculant can be a polymer working solution. Advantageously, the flocculant can facilitate the thickening of the mixture with the device.
[0017] The cross-sectional area of the supply line can be smaller than the cross-sectional area of the discharge opening. The supply line can run horizontally and / or parallel to the rotation axis.
[0018] The introduction section can be delimited by the second end face and / or the wall. The introduction section can extend from the second end face in the direction of the rotation axis to a center of the drum. The introduction section can have a length along the rotation axis that corresponds to half the length of the drum along the rotation axis.
[0019] The device may comprise a drive, in particular an electric motor, designed to rotate the drum about the rotation axis. Preferably, the drum can be driven by the drive via the second end face to rotate the drum.
[0020] The device can be designed for continuous thickening of the mixture, in particular by continuously introducing the mixture into the introduction section and by continuously rotating the drum about the axis of rotation and by continuously discharging the thickened mixture from the drum.
[0021] The discharged thickened mixture can be fed through the feed line into the drum's interior for repeated or multiple thickening. Alternatively, the discharged thickened mixture can be fed into a dewatering machine for dewatering or further thickening.
[0022] In a further development of the invention, the separation arrangement comprises only a single layer of sieves or filters. Alternatively, the separation arrangement comprises a plurality, in particular two or three, layers of sieves and / or filters. In particular, the separation arrangement can comprise two layers consisting of a sieve and a filter. Advantageously, the device can thus thicken the mixture by sieving and simultaneous filtering.
[0023] In a further development of the invention, the surface area of the first end face is smaller than the surface area of the second end face. According to the invention, the drum is conical. A conical drum allows the separation of the liquid by the separation arrangement and the conveyance of the mixture to the discharge opening to be achieved without additional internal components.
[0024] In a further development of the drum, the drum has a truncated pyramid shape, in particular a truncated cone shape. The shape is preferably a regularly formed shape. In particular, the drum can have an oblique truncated pyramid shape, in particular an oblique truncated cone shape. For example, a base area of the truncated pyramid shape of the drum can have the second end face, wherein preferably a height of the truncated pyramid shape extends in the direction of the first end face and in particular a top surface of the truncated pyramid shape has the first end face. The base area can be a circle or a polygon, in particular a pentagon or a hexagon. In particular, a five-sided or six-sided truncated pyramid shape of the drum can be advantageous for the stability of the drum.
[0025] In the invention, a respective sieve of the number of sieves and / or a respective filter of the number of filters is arranged within a flat plane on the wall. The arrangement on a flat plane enables simple assembly and / or maintenance of the sieves and / or filters.
[0026] In a further development of the invention, the drum has a receptacle on the wall for fastening the separation arrangement, in particular to the drum. Preferably, the number of sieves and / or the number of filters of the separation arrangement are designed to be flexible. In particular, the receptacle is designed to clamp or fasten the number of flexible sieves and / or the number of flexible filters to the drum. Preferably, the receptacle can have a screw connection with which the separation arrangement is fastened to the wall, wherein the screw connection is preferably detachable for maintenance of the drum. Advantageously, the separation arrangement can be replaced, for example, during maintenance by means of a detachable screw connection.
[0027] In a further development of the invention, the drum has a number of ribs, in particular 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 ribs, with a number of liquid openings, in particular 1 to 40 liquid openings. The ribs preferably extend from the first end face to the second end face and can extend from the wall in the radial direction away from the drum. The ribs can be angle profiles, with a first leg of the angle profile projecting parallel to the wall and a second leg of the angle profile projecting outwards in the radial direction. In particular, the ribs can be stiffening ribs, which increase the stability of the drum. Each rib can advantageously have 1 to 8 liquid openings.The number of liquid openings are designed to cause the liquid separated from the solid, which has left the interior of the drum through the separation arrangement, to flow downwards upon rotation of the drum about the rotation axis, particularly in the direction of gravity. In particular, the liquid openings can prevent a scooping effect of the ribs upon rotation of the drum, which would otherwise cause the liquid, which has left the interior of the drum through the separation arrangement, to flow back through the separation arrangement into the interior of the drum.In other words, the number of liquid openings can be designed to prevent transport of the liquid separated from the solid, which has left the interior of the drum through the separation arrangement, into the interior of the drum through the separation arrangement as a result of the rotation of the drum about the axis of rotation.
[0028] In a further development of the invention, the drum's rotational axis is aligned horizontally or the drum's rotational axis is arranged at a, particularly adjustable, angle to a horizontal line. In particular, the angle can be changed or adjusted during operation of the device. The horizontal line can be perpendicular to a straight line in the vertical direction at the location of the device. Preferably, the drum's rotational axis slopes from the first end face toward the second end face at a positive angle.
[0029] In a further development of the invention, the supply line is a pipe or a hose.
[0030] In a further development of the invention, a cross-sectional area of the supply line within the drum is larger than a cross-sectional area of the supply line upstream of and / or at the discharge opening and / or the first end face. The cross-sectional area upstream of and / or at the discharge opening and / or the first end face and / or within the drum can be circular. In particular, the cross-sectional area within the drum can be 30% to 200%, in particular 50% to 100%, larger than the cross-sectional area upstream of and / or at the discharge opening and / or the first end face. Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the supply line within the drum can be a cross-sectional area of the supply line within the introduction section. Advantageously, the flow velocity of the mixture within the supply line can be reduced by increasing the cross-sectional area.Due to the reduced flow rate, a flocculant added to the mixture can take effect for longer.
[0031] In a further development of the invention, the supply line has a supply opening for discharging the mixture from the supply line and for introducing the mixture into the inlet section. The supply opening can be arranged within the interior of the drum. Preferably, the distance between the supply opening and the first end face is greater than the distance between the supply opening and the second end face.
[0032] The feed opening can be arranged within the introduction section. Preferably, an opening slope for discharging the mixture from the feed line can be arranged at the feed opening, which opening preferably runs parallel to the axis of rotation. The opening slope can be arranged at an angle of 20° to 60°, in particular 30° to 50°, in particular with respect to a perpendicular direction at the feed opening. Preferably, the opening slope is arranged at the feed opening in such a way that a mixture emerging from the feed opening slides along the opening slope. Advantageously, the mixture can be gently introduced into the drum through the opening slope, thereby reducing or preventing the destruction of clumps or flocs of tiny solids that have arisen due to the addition of a flocculant.
[0033] In a further development of the invention, the supply opening can be rotated 360°. By rotating the supply opening, the position of the mixture introduction into the inlet section can be changed. Preferably, by rotating the supply opening, the angle of the opening slope can be adjusted. An axis of rotation advantageously runs parallel to a longitudinal center axis of the supply opening; in particular, the two coincide.
[0034] In a further development of the invention, the device comprises a cleaning device, in particular a spray nozzle bar, for cleaning the drum and / or the separating arrangement. In particular, the cleaning device is designed to clean the drum and / or the separating arrangement in regularly adjustable cleaning cycles. Preferably, the cleaning device has a number of nozzles, in particular 1 to 8 nozzles, for cleaning the drum and / or the separating arrangement with a jet of cleaning water or cleaning air that emerges from the number of nozzles during cleaning. In particular, the nozzles are designed to create a so-called air sword for cleaning.
[0035] In a further development of the invention, the device comprises a housing. The drum is arranged within the housing, and the housing has an outlet designed to direct the liquid separated from the solids out of the housing. The outlet is preferably arranged closer to the second end face than to the first end face.
[0036] In a further development of the invention, the device has a thick sludge box for collecting the thickened mixture, which is discharged from the discharge opening in particular by rotation of the drum.
[0037] The method comprises the following steps: introducing the mixture into the introduction section; rotating the drum about the rotation axis; conveying the mixture from the introduction section to the discharge opening; thickening the mixture while conveying the mixture and / or while rotating the drum about the rotation axis; discharging the thickened mixture from the interior of the drum. Preferably, the steps of rotating the drum, conveying the mixture, and thickening the mixture occur simultaneously.
[0038] In a further development, the method comprises the step of feeding the feed line with a flocculant. Preferably, the feeding step occurs simultaneously with or before the step of introducing the mixture into the inlet section.
[0039] These and other features emerge not only from the claims but also from the description and the drawings. The individual features may be implemented individually or in combination in one embodiment of the invention and in other fields, and may represent advantageous and individually protectable embodiments for which protection is claimed here. The division of the application into subheadings and individual sections does not limit the generality of the statements made therein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0040] Further advantages and aspects of the invention emerge from the claims and from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, which are explained below with reference to the figures. In the figures: Fig. 1 a schematic view of a device according to the invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a cross section through a drum of the device of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 a schematic view of a sheet of the device of Fig. 1, Fig. 4 a schematic view of the device of Fig. 1, wherein a rotation axis of the drum is arranged at an angle to a horizontal, Fig. 5 a photo of the device of Fig. 1, Fig. 6 a schematic view of an embodiment of a device according to the invention, Fig. 7 a side oblique view of the device of Fig. 6, Fig. 8 is a view of a cross section through a drum of the device of Fig. 6, Fig. 9 a detailed view from above of the cross section through the drum of Fig. 8, Fig. 10 a further detailed view of the drum of the device of Fig. 6 and Fig. 11 is an exploded view of a wall of the drum of the device of Fig. 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0041] Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a device 100 according to the invention in the form of a screening system for thickening a mixture 50 of a liquid 52 and a solid 54, wherein at least a portion of the liquid 52 is separated from the solid 54. In the illustrated embodiment of the Fig. 1, the mixture 50 is sewage sludge, which is thickened by means of the device 100 by separating the liquid components of the sewage sludge, namely the water contained in the sewage sludge, from the solids 54, in particular dirt or grime.
[0042] The device 100 has a housing 180. A drum 110 of the device 100 is arranged within the housing 180. The drum 110 is composed of several segments, wherein Fig. 1 the segments facing the viewer are not shown in order to allow a view into an interior 120 of the drum 110. A schematic view of a cross section of the drum 110 is shown in Fig. 2 shown.
[0043] The drum 110 has a first end face 112 and a second end face 114, wherein the first end face 112 is arranged parallel and opposite the second end face 114. An area of the first end face 112 is smaller than an area of the second end face 114. The drum 110 is conical and has a shape corresponding to an equilateral 6-sided truncated pyramid, which extends from the second end face 114 in the direction of a rotation axis 130 of the drum 110 to the first end face 112.
[0044] A separating arrangement 140 is arranged on a wall 116 of the drum 110 between the first end face 112 and the second end face 114. The separating arrangement 140 is designed to retain the solid 54 and allow the liquid 52 to pass through.
[0045] The separating arrangement 140 is fastened to the wall 116 of the drum 110 by means of a receptacle 122. The receptacle 122 has a screw connection which clamps or clamps the separating arrangement 140 between sheets 111, 113. The sheets 113 each have two windows through which the mixture 50 comes into contact with the separating arrangement 140 when the mixture is in the interior 120 of the drum 110. The sheets 111 have windows 126 corresponding to the windows of the sheets 113, wherein a single sheet 111 is shown schematically in Fig. 3 is shown in plan view. The windows 126 of the sheets 111 and the windows of the sheets 113 are designed to allow the liquid 52 of the mixture 50 in the interior space 120 to leave the interior space 120 through the separating arrangement 140 and through the windows 126. Therefore, the windows 126 occupy a large part of the surface area of the sheets 111, in particular 60% to 90%.
[0046] In the example shown, the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the separation assembly 140 comprises a total of six flexible screens 142. Each of the screens 142 is made of metal and has a mesh with square meshes, the square meshes being sized to allow the liquid 52 to pass through the screens 142 and retain the solid 54. The size can be between 0.1 mm x 0.1 mm and 2 mm x 2 mm. Each of the screens 142 has only a single layer of mesh. In alternative embodiments, the separation assembly can comprise a system of multiple screens and / or filters of different types, for example, in multiple layers.
[0047] The six flexible screens 142 are each firmly clamped between the two screwed-together sheets 111 and 113, with one screen preferably completely covering the surface of the sheet 111 or 113. Above all, the screens 142 cover or overlap the windows 126 so that liquid separated through this surface can easily escape. Each screen 142 is arranged within a flat plane on the wall 116 and fastened to the drum 110. The flat plane facilitates the assembly and fastening of the flexible screens 142 to the drum 110. During maintenance of the drum, the screw connection of the sheets 111, 113 can be loosened and the screens can be replaced or temporarily removed for intensive cleaning. The sheets 111 and 113 clamp the screens 142 between them and thus hold them.
[0048] The drum 110 is rotatable about the rotation axis 130, which runs through the two end faces 112 and 114 and is oriented horizontally, in particular at right angles to a straight line in the vertical direction at the location of the device 100. The device 100 has a drive 200 in the form of an electric motor, which is drive-connected to the second end face 114. The drive 200 is designed to rotate the drum 110 continuously and uniformly about the rotation axis 130, for example at approximately 5 to 60 revolutions per minute. An extension tube 210 is attached to the first end face 112 and is supported on the housing 180 by rollers 220. The extension tube 210 and the rollers 220 float the drum 110 within the housing 180.
[0049] To increase the stability of the drum 110, the drum 110 has a number of ribs 124 with a number of liquid openings 125. The ribs 124 extend from the first end face 112 to the second end face 114 and project from the wall 116 in the radial direction away from the drum 110. Fig. Figure 2 shows that the sheets 111 have ribs 124. The ribs were created by bending each sheet 111 at two opposite edges. Specifically, the edges are bent by 60°, with the bending angle depending on the number of sides of the truncated pyramid-shaped drum 110. In total, the drum 110 has twelve ribs 124.
[0050] Each rib 124 has four liquid openings 125. The liquid openings 125 are designed to cause the liquid 52 separated from the solid 54, which has left the interior 120 of the drum 110 through the separation arrangement 140, to flow downward in the direction of gravity upon rotation of the drum 110 about the rotation axis 130. This prevents a scooping effect of the ribs 124. In the exemplary embodiment, this is Fig. 2. The drum 110 rotates in the direction of rotation 128, and the Fig. The liquid 52 shown in Figure 2 has passed from the interior 120 of the drum through the separating arrangement 140. However, due to the rotation of the drum and the ribs 124, the liquid 52 has been transported above the axis of rotation, and the liquid 52 has not yet flowed out through the liquid openings 125. If the ribs 124 did not have liquid openings 125, the liquid 52 would pass through the separating arrangement 140 into the interior 120 of the drum as a result of the rotation of the drum 110. However, the ribs 124 have the liquid openings 125, and the Fig. 2 can flow through the liquid openings 125, thereby preventing the liquid 52 from flowing back into the interior space 120.
[0051] The device 100 has a supply line 150 in the form of a pipe for introducing the mixture 50 into an inlet section 118 of an interior space 120 of the drum 110 and a discharge opening 160 for discharging the thickened mixture 50 from the interior space 120. The discharge opening 160 is arranged on the first end face 112, and the extension pipe 210 extends the discharge opening 160. The mixture 50 is discharged from the interior space 120 through the discharge opening 160 and introduced into the extension pipe 210. The thickened mixture 50 is transported through the extension pipe 210 by rotation of the drum 110 and discharged from the extension pipe 210. With the transport through the extension pipe 210, the thickened mixture 50 is discharged from the housing 180.
[0052] The supply line 150 extends through the extension tube 210, the discharge opening 160, and the first end face 112, and projects into the interior space 120. A cross-sectional area of the supply line 150 is smaller than a cross-sectional area of the extension tube 210, the discharge opening 160, and the first end face 112. The supply line extends horizontally and parallel to the rotation axis 130. By extending the supply line 150 through the discharge opening 160, a compact design of the device 100 is achieved.
[0053] The supply line 150 has a supply opening 152 for discharging the mixture 50 from the supply line 150 and for introducing the mixture 50 into the inlet section 118. The supply opening 152 is arranged at one end of the supply line 150, which is located within the interior space 120. A distance between the supply opening 152 and the first end face 112 is greater than a distance between the supply opening 152 and the second end face 114. The supply opening 152 is rotatable about its longitudinal center axis, in particular by 360°, wherein in Fig. 1 the supply opening 152 points downwards against the force of gravity, so that the mixture 50 falls from the supply opening 152 downwards onto the separating arrangement 140 below.
[0054] The supply opening 152 is arranged within the introduction section 118 and extends along the entire introduction section 118. The introduction section 118 is arranged closer to the second end face 114 than to the first end face 112. The introduction section 118 extends along the rotation axis 130 over 10% of the height of the truncated pyramid-shaped drum 110.
[0055] The introduction of the mixture 50 into the supply line 150 is controlled by a control loop that regulates the introduction of the mixture 50 depending on the discharged thickened mixture 50. As a result, a portion of the mixture 50 always remains in the interior space 120.
[0056] The drum 110 is designed to convey the mixture 50 from the inlet section 118 to the discharge opening 160 by rotating about the rotation axis 130 and, during the conveying process, to thicken the mixture 50 by separating the liquid 52 by the separating arrangement 140. The thickened mixture 50 is discharged from the interior 120 of the drum 110 through the discharge opening 160 by rotating about the rotation axis 130.
[0057] The device 100 has a thickened sludge box 230 for collecting the thickened mixture 50, which is located below the extension pipe 210. The mixture 50 falls from the extension pipe 210 into the thickened sludge box 230 due to gravity and the rotation of the drum 110. The discharged thickened mixture 50 collected by the thickened sludge box 230 can be fed again through the feed line 150 into the interior 120 of the drum 120 for repeated thickening of the mixture 50.
[0058] In regular cycles, the drum 110 is cleaned with a cleaning device 240 of the device 100 in the form of a spray nozzle bar. The cleaning device 240 has a number of nozzles 242 arranged at regular intervals above the drum 110. In the illustrated embodiment of the Fig. 1, five nozzles 242 are shown as an example. Cleaning water can be supplied to the cleaning device 240, which emerges as a jet from the nozzles 242 and impinges on the drum 110 from the outside. The jet can be used, in particular, to clean the separation arrangement 140, preferably dislodging blockages in the sieves 142 with the solids 54 inwardly.
[0059] After the liquid 52 has passed through the separation arrangement 140 and left the interior space 120, it falls downward against the force of gravity. A base plate 182 of the housing 180 catches the dripping liquid 52, wherein the base plate 182 is arranged at an angle such that the collected liquid 52 is guided to an outlet 184 of the housing 180 due to the force of gravity. A distance between the second end face 114 and the outlet 184 is smaller than a distance between the first end face 112 and the outlet 184. The liquid 52 separated from the solid 54 is guided out of the housing 180 by means of the outlet 184.
[0060] In the embodiment of the Fig. 1 shows that the mixture 50 has already been mixed with a flocculant 56 for the agglomeration or flocculation of the smallest solids, in particular dirt particles, before the mixture 50 is fed into the feed line 150. By adding a flocculant 56, it can be achieved that even dirt particles that could not be retained by the separation arrangement 140 attain a size through agglomeration that this agglomeration is retained by the separation arrangement 140. In an alternative embodiment of the device 100 (not shown), the feed line can have an opening through which the flocculant can be fed to the mixture.
[0061] The Fig. The device 100 shown in Figure 1 is designed for the continuous thickening of the mixture 50. The mixture 50 is continuously fed to the device 100 through the feed line 150 for thickening, and simultaneously, the mixture located within the interior 120 is thickened by rotation of the drum 110 by the motor 200 and conveyed to the discharge opening 160. While the mixture 50 is conveyed to the discharge opening 160, the liquid 52 is separated from the solid 54 by the separation assembly 140. Subsequently, the thickened mixture 50 falls from the extension pipe 210 into the thickening sludge box 230 as a result of the rotation of the drum 110, while the liquid 52 separated from the solid 54 flows to the outlet 184 of the housing 180.
[0062] Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of the device 100 of Fig. 1, wherein the rotational axis 130 of the drum 110 has an angle WI to a horizontal 250. The horizontal 250 is perpendicular to a straight line in the vertical direction at the location of the device 100. The angle WI is adjustable. The angle WI can also be changed and adjusted during the rotation of the drum 110 and while the device 100 thickens the mixture 50. The angle WI can be positive or negative, wherein at positive angles WI, an inclination of the rotational axis 130 from the first end face 112 towards the second end face 114 is positive. At negative angles WI, the inclination of the rotational axis 130 from the first end face 112 towards the second end face 114 is negative. In the illustrated embodiment of the Fig. 4 angle WI is positive.
[0063] The angle WI can be used to control the speed of conveying the mixture 50 from the inlet section 118 to the discharge opening 160. At positive angles WI, the mixture 50 is conveyed more quickly to the discharge opening 160, and at negative angles WI, the mixture 50 is conveyed more slowly. The device 100 is designed to determine a degree of thickening of the mixture 50 and, depending on the degree of thickening, to regulate the angle WI during operation. Alternatively or additionally, the device 100 is designed to regulate an amount of the mixture 50 introduced into the interior space 120 depending on the degree of thickening.
[0064] Fig. Figure 5 shows a photograph of the device 100 of Fig. 1, wherein a cover of the housing 180 and a side wall of the housing 180 facing the second end face 114 have been removed. The photo shows that the cleaning device 240 has a total of twelve nozzles 242. The drum 110 is composed of sheet metal segments, in particular, detachably connected to one another by means of screws 122. Furthermore, the windows 126 of the sheets 111 are visible, through which the flexible screens 142 can be seen as separating arrangements 140, which are clamped between the sheets 111 and 113.
[0065] Fig. Figure 6 shows a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a device 100 according to the invention, wherein the sectional plane contains the rotation axis 130 and is oriented vertically. For better understanding, identical and functionally equivalent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals. In this respect, reference can be made to the above explanations regarding the embodiment of the Fig. 1 to 5, so that essentially only the existing differences will be discussed below.
[0066] The device 100 comprises a drum 110 with a five-sided truncated pyramid shape. The drum 110 is delimited at a first end 112 by a first limiting plate 115 and at a second end 114 by a second limiting plate 117. An extension tube 210 is welded to the first limiting plate 115. The weld secures the extension tube 210 to the first end 112. The extension tube 210 is supported on a housing 180 of the device 100 by rollers 220. Likewise, the two limiting plates 115, 117 are each supported on the housing 180 by rollers 222, 224. The rollers 220, 222, 224 support the drum 110 in a floating manner within the housing 180.
[0067] The rotation axis 130 of the drum 110 is arranged at an angle to a horizontal such that a tangent to the outer surface of the drum 110 runs parallel to the horizontal.
[0068] By means of the feed line 150, a mixture 50 is introduced into an inlet section 118 of an interior space 120 of the drum 110. The feed line 150 is designed such that a cross-sectional area 153 of the feed line 150 within the drum 110 is larger than a cross-sectional area 151 of the feed line 150 in front of and at the first end face 112. In the illustrated embodiment of the device 100, the cross-sectional area 153 within the drum 110 is 75% larger than the cross-sectional area 151 in front of the first end face 112. The larger cross-sectional area 153 reduces the flow velocity of the mixture 50 in the feed line 150, which is why a flocculant 56, which was previously added to the mixture 50, can act for a longer time. The longer exposure time results in efficient agglomeration or flocculation of the smallest solids with a smaller amount of the flocculant 56.
[0069] Fig. Figure 7 shows a side oblique view of the device 100 of Fig. 6, wherein at least the housing 180, the second limiting plate 117 and the plates 111, 113 on one of the five sides of the drum 110 are hidden and not shown for better understanding.
[0070] In Fig. 7 shows that the feed line 150 has a feed opening 152 and that an opening slope 154 is arranged at the feed opening 152. The opening slope 154 runs parallel to a longitudinal direction of the feed line 150. A mixture 50 exiting the feed opening 152 and being introduced into an inlet section 118 of the drum 110 slides or glides along the opening slope 154 to one end of the opening slope 154. From the end of the opening slope 154, the mixture falls down and lands on a wall 116 of the drum 110. The mixture 50 is gently introduced into the drum 110 through the opening slope 154. The gentle introduction of the mixture 50 prevents the destruction of clumps or flocs of tiny solids that have formed due to the addition of a flocculant.Likewise, due to the gentle introduction of the mixture 50, a smaller amount of the flocculant 56 is required in order to achieve efficient agglomeration or flocculation of the smallest solids.
[0071] Fig. Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the drum 110 of the device 100 of Fig. 6 in the direction of the second end face 114, with some elements of the device 100 hidden and not shown for the sake of clarity. For example, the housing 180 is partially hidden, and only a circular sheet of the housing 180 is visible. The motor 200 is attached to a side of the circular sheet facing away from the second end face 114. In detail, Fig. 8, the opening slope 154 is arranged at an angle WO of 45° relative to a vertical direction LO at the supply line opening 152. Furthermore, it can be seen that an outer edge of the boundary plate 117 is supported by two rollers 224.
[0072] Fig. 9 shows a detailed view from above of the cross section through the drum 110 of Fig. 8. In particular, Fig. 9, that edges of the sheets 111 are bent upward to form ribs 124 for stiffening the drum 110. The ribs 124 have liquid openings 125. Furthermore, the sheets 111 each have a plurality of through-openings 119. The through-openings 119 are arranged on the respective sheet 111 such that they correspond to through-openings in the sheet 113. By means of the through-openings 119 and the through-openings in the sheet 113, both sheets 111, 113 can be screwed together, in particular by placing a screw within a through-opening 119 and a through-opening in the sheet 113 and screwing it together with a nut. An aforementioned separating arrangement 140 in the form of a flexible sieve is clamped between the two sheets 111, 113.
[0073] Fig. Figure 10 shows a further detailed view of the drum 110 of the device 100 of Fig. 6. The sheets 113 are each bent at two opposite edges, in particular bent by 90°, wherein the respective bent edge has a plurality, in particular three, holes 121. The holes 121 correspond to holes in the limiting plates 115, 117. By means of the holes 121, the sheets 113 are fastened to the limiting plates 115, 117 with a screw connection. Fig. 10 shows that the sheets 113 are fastened to the limiting sheets 115, 170 in such a way that two adjacent sheets 113 abut one another laterally.
[0074] Fig. Figure 11 shows an exploded view of a wall of the drum of the device of Fig.6. In detail, the sheets 111 and 113 and a separating arrangement 140 arranged therebetween are shown in an exploded view. The through-openings of the sheet 113 corresponding to the through-openings 119 are not shown. Two opposite edges of the sheet 113 are bent to attach the sheet 113 with the holes 121 to the limiting sheets 115, 117. The sheet 111 has two windows 126 corresponding to windows of the sheet 113.
Claims
[1] Device (100) for thickening a mixture (50) of a liquid (52) and a solid (54) while separating at least a portion of the liquid (52) from the solid (54), comprising - a drum (110) which is rotatable about a rotation axis (130) and has a first end face (112) and a second end face (114), wherein the rotation axis (130) extends through the two end faces (112, 114), wherein between the first end face (112) and the second end face (114) a separation arrangement (140) is arranged on a wall (116) of the drum (110), which has a number of sieves (142) and / or a number of filters, wherein the separation arrangement (140) is designed to retain the solid (54) and to allow the liquid (52) to pass through, - a feed line (150) for introducing the mixture (50) into an inlet section (118) of an interior of the drum (110), wherein the inlet section (118) is arranged closer to the second end face (114) than to the first end face (112), and - a discharge opening (160) for discharging the thickened mixture (50) from the interior (120) of the drum (110), wherein the discharge opening (160) is arranged on the first end face (112), wherein the drum (110) is designed to rotate about the rotation axis (130) - to convey the mixture (50) from the inlet section (118) to the discharge opening (160) and, during conveyance, to thicken the mixture (50) by separating the liquid (52) by the separating arrangement (140), and - discharging the thickened mixture (50) through the discharge opening (160) from the interior (120) of the drum (110), wherein - the supply line (150) runs through the discharge opening (160) and / or through the first end face (112), - the drum (110) is tapered or conical in the longitudinal direction, characterized by , that - a respective sieve (142) of the number of sieves (142) and / or a respective filter of the number of filters is arranged within a flat plane on the wall (116). [2] Device (100) according to claim 1, characterized by , that - the separation arrangement (140) has only a single layer of screens (142) or filters, or - the separation arrangement (140) comprises a plurality of layers of sieves and / or filters. [3] Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that an area of the first end face (112) is smaller than an area of the second end face (114). [4] Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the drum (110) has a truncated pyramid-shaped, in particular a truncated cone-shaped, shape, wherein the shape is preferably a regularly formed shape. [5] Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the drum (110) has a receptacle (122) on the wall (116) for fastening the separation arrangement (140), wherein preferably the number of sieves (142) and / or the number of filters of the separation arrangement (140) are designed to be flexible and in particular the receptacle (122) is designed to clamp the number of flexible sieves (142) and / or the number of flexible filters of the separation arrangement (140). [6] Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that - the drum (110) has a number of ribs (124) with a number of liquid openings (125), wherein the ribs (124) preferably extend from the first end face (112) to the second end face (114), - wherein the number of liquid openings (125) are designed to cause the liquid (52) separated from the solid (54), which has left the interior (120) of the drum (110) through the separation arrangement (140), to flow downwards upon rotation of the drum (110) about the rotation axis (130). [7] Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the rotation axis (130) of the drum (110) is aligned horizontally or the rotation axis (130) of the drum (110) is arranged at an angle (WI) to a horizontal (250), preferably a gradient of the rotation axis (130) of the drum (110) from the first end face (112) in the direction of the second end face (114) is positive. [8] Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the supply line (150) is a pipe or a hose. [9] Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a cross-sectional area of the supply line within the drum (110) is larger than a cross-sectional area of the supply line (150) in front of and / or on - the discharge opening (160) and / or - the first front side (112). [10] Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the feed line (150) has a feed line opening (152) for discharging the mixture (50) from the feed line (150) and for introducing the mixture (50) into the inlet section (118), wherein an opening slope (154) for discharging the mixture (50) from the feed line (150) is preferably arranged on the feed line opening (152), which opening slope runs in particular parallel to the axis of rotation (130). [11] Device (100) according to claim 10, characterized by that the supply opening (152) is rotatable through 360°, in particular about an axis of rotation parallel to its longitudinal axis. [12] Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a cleaning device (240) for cleaning the drum (110) and / or the separation arrangement (140), wherein the cleaning device (240) preferably has a number of nozzles (242) for cleaning the drum (110) and / or the separation arrangement (140) with a jet of cleaning water or cleaning air which emerges from the number of nozzles (242) during cleaning. [13] Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a housing (180), wherein the drum (110) is arranged within the housing (180) and the housing (180) has a drain (184) which is designed to guide the liquid (52) separated from the solid (54) out of the housing (180). [14] Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a thick sludge box (230) for collecting the thickened mixture (50).
Citation Information
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