Non-contact visualization system for an operating microscope for ophthalmic surgery
Patent Information
- Application Number
- DE102021119298
- Authority / Receiving Office
- DE · DE
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2021-07-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2041-07-26
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Abstract
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a contactless visualization system for a surgical microscope for ophthalmic surgery having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
[0002] For ophthalmic surgery of the posterior segment of the eye, so-called contactless visualization systems are frequently used, replacing the traditional visualization method using a contact lens placed over the patient's eye. These systems utilize so-called ophthalmoscopic loupes, which are placed close to the patient's eye and provide a realistic (albeit laterally and vertically inverted) image of the fundus of the eye in an intermediate image plane, which can then be viewed with a surgical microscope.
[0003] Due to the close placement of the ophthalmoscopy loupe to the patient's eye and the usual handling of phacoemulsification and vitrectomy systems, it is not uncommon for fluid to settle on the ophthalmoscopy loupe.
[0004] Commonly used reusable ophthalmoscopes typically have a separate, surrounding rim, which acts as a mount that connects the single lens of the ophthalmoscope to its holder. Fluid can drain between the holder and the single lens. Newer, injection-molded plastic single lens loupes do not require a surrounding mount, allowing fluid to drain even more easily.
[0005] The difficulty with multi-lens ophthalmoscopy loupes (those with two lenses, for example) is that, depending on the frame design, a space develops between the two lenses in which fluid can collect but cannot drain away. This has the disadvantage of severely impairing the optical image quality, and the object (fundus of the eye) may be blurred, only partially sharply imaged, or not imaged at all. This leads to an undesirable impairment of the surgical procedure.
[0006] US 2019 / 0 369 353 A1 describes an optical system for a head-mounted display, wherein the axial distance between a lens and an imager can be adjusted by supplying or removing fluid in a region between the lens and the imager. US 2016 / 0 195 690 A1 describes an optical arrangement in which at least two lenses are mounted in a mount and a spacer arranged therebetween in such a way that the focus remains unchanged during temperature changes. JP 2003-29 113 A describes a screwable mount for a lens, wherein the mount has a channel for supplying an adhesive for fixing the screwed-on mount.
[0007] Based on this, it is the object of the invention to further develop a contactless visualization system of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the difficulties mentioned can be overcome as completely as possible.
[0008] The invention is defined in independent claims 1 and 13. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.
[0009] According to the invention, the at least one through-opening is formed in the wall to allow for the removal of any liquid that may be present in the space between the two lenses. This can be a single through-opening for liquid removal or multiple through-openings for liquid removal. The wall can be designed such that no further opening or recess is provided. Alternatively, however, it is entirely possible for one or more additional openings and / or recesses to be formed in the wall.
[0010] Since the wall simultaneously serves as a mount for the second lens, it must have certain minimum mechanical dimensions and thicknesses for reasons of stability. It is preferred if the wall is continuous in the circumferential direction. This means that the through-opening is preferably arranged such that the wall is not interrupted in the circumferential direction. The wall is therefore preferably designed such that at every position in the circumferential direction the wall has at least one section that extends in the direction from the first to the second lens. In other words, the wall can be designed such that the wall is closed in the circumferential direction or that at least one imaginary, closed curve runs on the wall in the circumferential direction. In this way, a stable visualization system can be provided.
[0011] This ensures the necessary mechanical stability on the one hand and fluid removal on the other.
[0012] The at least one through-opening can have a width of 20° to 70° in the circumferential direction, in particular of 30° to 60° or 30° to 50°, and particularly preferably of 35° to 45°. The width can be, for example, 40°.
[0013] In particular, the wall can be formed together with the first lens as a single-piece part. It is particularly preferred that this be an injection-molded part. This makes it possible to design the ophthalmoscopy magnifier as a single-use product or disposable item while simultaneously ensuring the necessary optical quality. The frame can ensure that the second lens is positioned at the optically predetermined position relative to the first lens. The single-piece design of the wall with the first lens is preferably realized as a material fit. However, implementation by means of a form fit is also possible.
[0014] In particular, the second lens can be arranged concentrically to the first lens.
[0015] The at least one through-opening is preferably formed closer to the first lens than to the second lens. In particular, the at least one through-opening can be formed such that its lower edge directly abuts the interface of the first lens that faces the second lens. This abutment of the lower edge against the interface of the first lens is preferably designed such that no depression is formed. For example, the lower edge can run perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens.
[0016] In the visualization system according to the invention, a plurality of through-openings can be formed in the wall and spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction. Thus, the at least one through-opening can comprise a plurality of through-openings. These can be two, three, four, five, or more through-openings.
[0017] For example, three through-openings can be provided, each spaced 120° apart in the circumferential direction. This spacing preferably refers to the center of the respective through-opening in the circumferential direction.
[0018] The first lens and / or the wall can be made of plastic. In addition to the first lens, the second lens can also be made of plastic. The second lens can have a holder connection that can be formed integrally with the second lens. In particular, the holder connection can be manufactured together with the second lens using a two-component injection molding process. The integral formation of the second lens with the holder connection is preferably realized as a form fit. However, implementation by means of a material bond is also possible.
[0019] The mount can be designed as a snap closure, a clamp connection, or an elastic clamp mount. For this purpose, the mount can have several elastic clamping fingers (e.g., three, spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction, for example, by 120° relative to the center of the respective clamping finger in the circumferential direction), each of which, for example, comprises a clamping groove. The second lens can have corresponding mount areas that engage in the clamping grooves. Furthermore, the mount can have corresponding mount areas that have stop surfaces for the second lens or for the mount areas of the second lens.
[0020] However, any other type of holder using the socket is also possible, such as a screw cap, a bayonet cap, etc.
[0021] In the contactless visualization system, the frame may further include at least one recess in which an edge of the second lens is exposed to provide working space for a surgeon.
[0022] The recess can extend in the wall from the free end toward the first lens, whereby the recess preferably does not extend to the upper side of the first lens, but rather ends before it. Thus, even in the area of the recess, a certain height of the wall is still provided, which is advantageous for stability reasons.
[0023] The recess may taper towards the first lens.
[0024] There can be exactly one recess in which the edge of the second lens is exposed, or there can be multiple recesses in which the edge of the second lens is exposed. In particular, two recesses are provided, which are spaced apart in the circumferential direction preferably by 80° to 140°, in particular 90° to 130°, and particularly preferably by 120° (relative to the center of the respective recess in the circumferential direction). The width of the recess at the free end in the circumferential direction can be 20° to 70°, in particular 30° to 60° or 30° to 50°, and particularly preferably 35° to 45°. For example, the width can be 40°.
[0025] It is preferred if the at least one recess and the at least one through-opening are arranged offset from one another in the circumferential direction. In particular, the at least one recess and the at least one through-opening can be arranged such that they are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction. The distance can be, for example, 60° (relative to the center of the respective recess in the circumferential direction and to the center of the respective through-opening in the circumferential direction).
[0026] The ophthalmoscopy magnifier may have a holder connection with which the ophthalmoscopy magnifier can be mechanically connected to the surgical microscope, wherein the holder connection is connected to the frame at a connection point and the at least one recess is spaced from the connection point by 90° to 150° in the circumferential direction (preferably relative to the center of the recess in the circumferential direction and to the center of the connection point in the circumferential direction).
[0027] Furthermore, the first lens, together with the wall, may have an n-fold rotational symmetry if n through-openings and / or n recesses are provided, where n is an integer ≥ 1 and ≤ 6. Particularly preferred is n = 3.
[0028] The contactless visualization system can further comprise an ophthalmoscope loupe carrier to which the ophthalmoscope loupe is mechanically connected. Using the ophthalmoscope loupe carrier, the ophthalmoscope loupe can be positioned in the imaging beam path of the surgical microscope and moved out of the imaging beam path. For this purpose, the ophthalmoscope loupe carrier can also be mechanically connected to the surgical microscope. Furthermore, the ophthalmoscope loupe carrier can be configured to allow rotational movement of the ophthalmoscope loupe around the optical axis of the surgical microscope. This allows a user to move the ophthalmoscope loupe into a desired rotational position, which is advantageous, for example, when using the ophthalmoscope loupe.
[0029] Furthermore, the mechanical connection between the ophthalmoscopy loupe and the ophthalmoscopy loupe holder can be detachable, allowing the ophthalmoscopy loupe to be replaced. This is particularly advantageous when the ophthalmoscopy loupe is designed as a disposable item.
[0030] The surgical microscope for eye surgery according to the invention can be designed in particular as a 3D surgical microscope.
[0031] It is understood that the features mentioned above and those to be explained below can be used not only in the combinations indicated, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
[0032] The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, which also disclose features essential to the invention. These exemplary embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be interpreted as restrictive. For example, a description of an exemplary embodiment with a large number of elements or components should not be interpreted as meaning that all of these elements or components are necessary for implementation. Rather, other exemplary embodiments may also contain alternative elements and components, fewer elements or components, or additional elements or components. Elements or components of different exemplary embodiments may be combined with one another unless otherwise stated. Modifications and variations described for one of the exemplary embodiments may also be applicable to other exemplary embodiments.To avoid repetition, identical or corresponding elements in different figures are designated by the same reference numerals and are not explained more than once. The figures show: Fig. 1 a schematic view of an embodiment of the contactless visualization system 1 in conjunction with a surgical microscope 2; Fig. 2 a perspective view of the ophthalmoscopy magnifier 3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 a perspective sectional view of the ophthalmoscopy magnifier 3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 a view from below of the first lens 271 of the ophthalmoscopy magnifier 3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 a perspective view of the first line 271 with the wall 30 of the ophthalmoscopy magnifier 3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 a perspective view of another embodiment of the ophthalmoscopy magnifier 3 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 7 a perspective view of another embodiment of the ophthalmoscopy magnifier 3 of Fig. 1.
[0033] In the Fig. In the embodiment of a contactless visualization system 1 shown in Figure 1, this is shown together with a surgical microscope 2 for ophthalmic surgery. The contactless visualization system 1 comprises an ophthalmoscopic magnifying glass 3 and an ophthalmoscopic magnifying glass carrier 4, with which the ophthalmoscopic magnifying glass 3 can be inserted (or positioned) into an imaging beam path of the surgical microscope 2 and pushed out (or removed) from the imaging beam path, as indicated by the double arrow 5 in Fig. 1 is shown schematically. The position of the ophthalmoscopy magnifier 3 outside the imaging beam path is shown in Fig. 1 shown in dashed lines.
[0034] How further Fig. 1, the ophthalmoscopy magnifier 3 can be placed close to a patient's eye 6 using the ophthalmoscopy magnifier holder 4, so that a real, vertically and laterally inverted image of the fundus 7 of the patient's eye 6 is projected into an intermediate image plane 8. This real, vertically and laterally inverted image of the fundus 7 is then viewed with the surgical microscope 2.
[0035] The surgical microscope 2 can have an illumination unit 9 for illuminating the patient's eye 6 (here, for example, the fundus 7) as well as imaging optics 10 for magnified imaging of the illuminated patient's eye 6 and, here, also for magnified imaging of the image in the intermediate image plane 8. The patient's eye 6 with pupil 28 and lens 29 is shown only schematically here.
[0036] The Fig. The imaging optics 10 schematically illustrated in Figure 1 comprises an objective lens 11 and a first tube optics 12 for imaging the illuminated area of the patient's eye 6 onto an image sensor 13. Furthermore, the imaging optics 10 comprises a first beam splitter 14 arranged between the objective lens 11 and the first tube optics 12, as well as a second tube optics 15 arranged downstream of the first beam splitter 14 and an eyepiece optics 16 arranged downstream of the second tube optics 15, so that an optical view 17 is provided, as indicated by the schematically illustrated eye 18 of a user.
[0037] The illumination unit 9 comprises a light source 19, a collector optic 20 arranged downstream of the light source 19, a second beam splitter 21 arranged between the objective 11 and the first tube optic 12 and the objective 11. The light of the light source 19 is focused by the collector optic 20 and coupled by means of the second beam splitter 21 into the beam path between the second beam splitter 21 and the objective 11 in such a way that the area of the patient's eye 6 to be illuminated is illuminated as evenly as possible, as shown in Fig. 1 with a schematic beam path up to the intermediate image plane 8. The light source 19 can be designed, for example, as a halogen lamp, a xenon discharge lamp, an LED or a laser.
[0038] The previously described elements of the surgical microscope 2 are arranged in a housing 22, as shown in Fig. 1 is shown schematically. The ophthalmoscope magnifier carrier 4 is mechanically connected to the housing 22, wherein in addition to the Fig. 1 schematically indicated insertion and removal of the ophthalmoscopy magnifier 3, a revolver mechanism can also be formed on the ophthalmoscopy magnifier carrier 4, so that a rotation of the ophthalmoscopy magnifier 3 about the z-axis and here about the optical axis OA of the imaging beam path of the surgical microscope 2 is also possible.
[0039] Furthermore, the surgical microscope 2 comprises a control unit 23 which has a processor P and a memory M and is connected, for example, to the light source 19, the image sensor 13 and a z-drive 24 with which the objective 11 can be moved in the z-direction for focusing.
[0040] Furthermore, a screen 25 and an input unit 26 can be connected to the control unit 23, as shown schematically in Fig. 1. The input unit 26 is shown here only schematically as a keyboard. Other input units, such as foot switches and the like, are also possible.
[0041] The ophthalmoscopy magnifier 3 comprises precisely a first plastic lens 271 with a first and second boundary surface 35, 36 and a second plastic lens 272 with a first and second boundary surface 37, 38, wherein a wall 30 extending in the direction of the second lens 272 is formed integrally with the first plastic lens 271. The free end 31 of the wall 30 serves as a mount 32, as in particular in connection with Fig. 2-5. The interfaces 35-38 are preferably curved, with at least one of the interfaces 35-38 being aspherically curved. The remaining interface(s) are preferably spherically curved.
[0042] The socket 32 comprises a first, a second, and a third socket section 40, 41, and 42, each spaced 120° apart from each other in the circumferential direction. Each socket section 40-42 has a first and second stop region 401, 402; 411, 412; and 421 and 422, between which an elastic clamping finger 43, 44, 45 with a clamping groove 431, 441, 451 is arranged.
[0043] The second lens 272 has three mount areas 491-493 (particularly in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3), which are clamped in the clamping grooves 431, 441, and 451 of the elastic clamping fingers 43-45 and rest against the stop areas 401-403 such that the second lens 272 is held concentrically to the first lens 271. This type of clamping connection between the mount 32 and the second lens 272 can also be referred to as a snap connection.
[0044] The second lens 272 also has a holder connection 55, via which a detachable connection to the ophthalmoscopy magnifying glass carrier 4 is possible.
[0045] Since the wall 30 simultaneously serves as the mount 32 for the second lens 272, it must have certain minimum mechanical dimensions and thicknesses for stability reasons. This results in the wall 30 being essentially closed, so that fluid can collect between the two lenses 271 and 272 but cannot drain away again. This would severely impair the optical imaging quality, potentially resulting in only a partially sharp image or even no sharp image at all.
[0046] Therefore, the wall 30 here has, in its lower region (and thus close to the first lens 271), three through-openings 46, 47 and 48 which are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction and are arranged offset from one another by 120° in the circumferential direction. The width of each through-opening 46-48 in the circumferential direction can be, for example, 40°. Due to these through-openings 46-48, it is possible for the unwanted fluid to either drain away on its own and / or for the user (for example the surgeon) to remove the fluid if necessary. For this purpose, for example, an appropriate fluid-absorbing tool (such as a swab) can be held against or in the through-opening 46-48.
[0047] This allows unwanted fluid to be easily removed from the space between the two lenses 271 and 272, ensuring the desired optical imaging quality in the long term.
[0048] As particularly in Fig. 3, the through-openings 46-48 are preferably designed such that their lower edge 461, 471, 481 abuts the upper interface 36 of the first lens 271. The upper interface 36 is the interface of the first lens 271 that faces the second lens 272. Preferably, the lower edge 461, 471, 481 of the through-opening 46-48 is designed such that no depression is created between the lower edge 461, 471, 481 of the through-opening 46-48 and the upper interface 36. In the present case, the lower edge 461, 471, 481 is designed, for example, such that it extends substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens 271.
[0049] A further problem is that, due to the mount 32, more space is taken up laterally by the second lens 272 compared to previous virtually rimless ophthalmoscopy loupes with only a single lens. This limits the surgeon's working space. In order to be able to provide the desired holder for the second lens 271 by means of the mount 32, certain mechanical minimum sizes and thicknesses of the wall 30 are absolutely necessary for reasons of stability. However, it has been recognized that it is not necessary for the mount 32 to encompass the entire edge of the second lens 272. Therefore, the wall 30 is designed here such that two recesses 50 and 51 are provided, in which the edge of the second lens 272 is exposed. The two recesses 50 and 51 are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction by, for example, 120°.Furthermore, a third recess 52 is provided in order to provide sufficient space for the holder connection 55 in the area of the socket 32.
[0050] However, the recesses 50 and 51 are provided for the user or surgeon. If the position of the holder connection 55 is referred to as twelve o'clock, the first and second recesses 50 and 51 are preferably provided at the 4 o'clock and 8 o'clock positions, since this is where the surgeon's hands will rest.
[0051] As particularly in Fig. 2-4, the first and second recesses 50 and 51 extend from the free end 31 in the direction of the first lens 271. In the exemplary embodiment described here, the recesses 50-51 do not extend to the upper side 36 of the first lens 271, but end before it in order to provide a certain height of the wall 30 in the region of the recesses 50 and 51 for stability reasons. The lower edge 501, 502 of the recesses 50 and 51 thus lies above the lower edge 461, 471, 481 of the through openings 46-48. The same applies to the lower edge 521 of the recess 52. Each of the two recesses 50 and 51 has an extension of, for example, 40° in the circumferential direction at the free end 31 of the wall 30. The distance between the recesses 50 and 51 in the circumferential direction, which here is, for example, 120°, refers to the center of the recess 50, 51 at the free end 31 of the wall 30.The recess 52 is spaced circumferentially by 120° from the two recesses 50 and 51.
[0052] As particularly in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the extent (or width) of the recess 50, 51 tapers in the circumferential direction in a direction from the second lens 272 to the first lens 271. It can also be said that the width of the recesses 50, 51 decreases in the direction of the lower edge 501, 502 or that the recesses 50, 51 taper.
[0053] Like the Fig. As can be seen from Figures 2-5, the through-openings 46-48 and the recesses 50-52 are arranged in the circumferential direction such that a recess 50-52 and a through-opening 46-48 are provided alternately. They are arranged offset from one another in the circumferential direction, for example, by 60°. In this way, a desired minimum height and thus a certain minimum stability can be provided at any point on the wall 30.
[0054] In particular, the wall 30 is thus continuous in the circumferential direction. The wall 30 is therefore uninterrupted in the circumferential direction. Thus, there is no position in the circumferential direction at which a portion of the wall does not extend over at least a certain distance in the direction from the first to the second lens 271, 272. In other words, one can imagine a closed curve running along the wall in the circumferential direction. Thus, there is always a closed path in the circumferential direction.
[0055] The first lens 271 (with wall 30) is designed symmetrically in such a way that a rotation of the first lens 271 (with wall 30) by 120° around the optical axis of the first lens 271 (with wall 30) images onto itself. Thus, a 3-fold rotational symmetry exists.
[0056] The ophthalmoscopy magnifier 3 can, in particular, be designed such that it is detachably connected to the ophthalmoscopy magnifier support 4. In this case, it is preferred, for example, for the ophthalmoscopy magnifier 3 to be designed as a disposable article and thus to be used exactly once. After use, the ophthalmoscopy magnifier 3 is disposed of, which in particular eliminates problems with the otherwise necessary cleaning and disinfection of the ophthalmoscopy magnifier 3. In this case, the ophthalmoscopy magnifier 3 is preferably made of plastic. In particular, it can be a plastic injection-molded part.
[0057] In Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of a contactless visualization system 1 which, together with the surgical microscope 2 according to Fig. 1 can be used. In this embodiment, only the recesses 50, 51 and 52 are provided. However, the wall 30 does not have any through-openings as in the embodiment of Fig. 2-5 are present.
[0058] In the embodiment according to Fig. 6, the advantage is achieved that the user or surgeon is provided with sufficient working space even in the area of the second lens 272, since the recesses 50 and 51 are provided. Thus, the embodiment according to Fig. 6 from the embodiment according to Fig. 2-5 only in that no through holes are provided. All other features and configurations of the embodiments of Fig. However, 2-5 are available.
[0059] In Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment of a contactless visualization system 1 which, together with the surgical microscope 2 according to Fig. 1 can be used. In this embodiment, the ophthalmoscope magnifier 3 has only the through openings 46-48. However, the recesses 50-52 are not provided. Otherwise, all features of the embodiment according to Fig. 2-5 are implemented in the same way. Thus, the embodiment according to Fig. 7 has the advantage that liquid that may accumulate in the space between the two lenses 271 and 272 either drains away by itself and / or can be removed by the user if necessary.
Claims
[1] Contactless visualization system (1) for a surgical microscope (2) for ophthalmic surgery, wherein the contactless visualization system (1) comprises an ophthalmoscopy magnifying glass (3) which can be positioned in front of a patient's eye (6) and provides a real and vertically and laterally inverted image of the fundus (7) of the patient's eye (6) in an intermediate image plane (8) which can be viewed with the surgical microscope (2), characterized by , that the ophthalmoscopy magnifier (3) has a first and a second lens (271, 272), wherein the first lens (271) is closer to the patient's eye (6) than the second lens (272) when positioned in front of the patient's eye (6), wherein a wall (30) extends from the first lens (271) to the second lens (272), the free end (31) of which is designed as a mount (32) in which the second lens (272) is mounted, and wherein at least one through-opening (47, 48, 49) is formed in the wall (30) in order to be able to remove any liquid that may be present in the space between the first and second lenses (271, 272). [2] Contactless visualization system (1) according to claim 1, characterized by that the wall (30) is continuous in the circumferential direction. [3] Contactless visualization system (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the wall (30) is formed together with the first lens (271) as a one-piece part. [4] Contactless visualization system (1) according to one of the above claims, characterized by that the at least one through-opening (47, 48, 49) is formed closer to the first lens (271) than to the second lens (272). [5] Contactless visualization system (1) according to one of the above claims, characterized bythat the at least one through-opening (47, 48, 49) comprises a plurality of through-openings (47, 48, 49) which are formed in the wall (30) and spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction. [6] Contactless visualization system (1) according to one of the above claims, characterized by in that the first lens (271) has a boundary surface (36) facing the second lens (272) which is curved, wherein the at least one through-opening (47, 48, 49) has a lower edge (471, 481, 491) which abuts the boundary surface (36) of the first lens (271). [7] Contactless visualization system (1) according to one of the above claims, characterized by that the socket (32) is designed as an elastic clamp holder (43, 44, 45). [8] Contactless visualization system (1) according to one of the above claims, characterized by that the first lens (271) and the wall (30) are made of plastic. [9] Contactless visualization system (1) according to one of the above claims, characterized by that the second lens (272) is made of plastic. [10] Contactless visualization system (1) according to one of the above claims, characterized by that the ophthalmoscopy magnifier (3) is designed as a disposable article. [11] Contactless visualization system (1) according to one of the above claims, characterized by that an ophthalmoscopy magnifying glass carrier (4) is provided, to which the ophthalmoscopy magnifying glass (3) is mechanically connected and which serves to position the ophthalmoscopy magnifying glass (3) in front of the patient's eye (6). [12] Contactless visualization system (1) according to claim 11, characterized by that the ophthalmoscopy magnifier (3) is detachably connected to the ophthalmoscopy magnifier carrier (4) [13] Surgical microscope (2) for ophthalmic surgery, wherein the surgical microscope (2) comprises a contactless visualization system (1) according to one of the above claims.
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