On-board network for a vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an on-board power supply system (10) for a vehicle (20), comprising a high-voltage battery (3) for providing energy at a high voltage, a plurality of electrical consumers (4, 5), including at least one safety-critical consumer (4) and at least one non-safety-critical consumer (5), a DC / DC converter device (1) for converting the high voltage into at least one low voltage for supplying the consumers (4, 5), an energy management system (6) for controlling and / or regulating at least the non-safety-critical consumers (5), wherein the DC / DC converter device (1) has a plurality of DC / DC converters (2.1 to 2.n) with a summed converter power that is sufficient to supply all connected consumers (4, 5), wherein the converter power is dimensioned such that in the event of failure of one of the DC / DC converters (2.1 to 2.n), all safety-critical consumers (4) are supplied by the remaining DC / DC converters (2.1 to 2.n) are supplied with energy, wherein the energy management system (6) is configured to switch off the non-safety-critical consumers (5) in the event of failure of one of the DC / DC converters (2.1 to 2.n).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an on-board power supply system for a vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1, a vehicle according to the preamble of claim 6 and a method for operating the on-board power supply system according to the preamble of claim 9.

[0002] DE 10 2021 005 548 A1 describes a DC-DC converter comprising a plurality of DC-DC converter modules with differing electrical input voltages and output voltages, which are configured as a common integrated unit and can be electrically interconnected in a plurality of subsystems such that a high-voltage electrical voltage can be converted into various low-voltage electrical voltages. Furthermore, a component arrangement for a high-voltage electrical system of a vehicle is described.

[0003] The invention is based on the object of specifying a novel on-board network for a vehicle, a novel vehicle and a novel method for operating the on-board network.

[0004] The object is achieved according to the invention by an on-board power supply system for a vehicle having the features of claim 1, by a vehicle having the features of claim 6 and by a method for operating the on-board power supply system having the features of claim 9.

[0005] Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims.

[0006] A vehicle electrical system is proposed, comprising a high-voltage battery for providing energy at a high voltage, a plurality of electrical loads, including at least one safety-critical load and at least one non-safety-critical load, a DC / DC converter device for converting the high voltage into at least one low voltage to supply the loads, and an energy management system for controlling and / or regulating at least the non-safety-critical loads. The DC / DC converter device has a plurality of DC / DC converters with a total converter power sufficient to supply all connected loads.According to the invention, the converter power is dimensioned such that, in the event of failure of one of the DC / DC converters, all safety-critical consumers are supplied with energy by the remaining DC / DC converters, wherein the energy management system is configured to switch off the non-safety-critical consumers in the event of failure of one of the DC / DC converters.

[0007] In one embodiment, the DC / DC converters in the DC / DC converter device are connected in parallel.

[0008] In one embodiment, the at least one safety-critical load and the at least one non-safety-critical load are each connected to a separate connection on the DC / DC converter device, and the DC / DC converter device is configured to switch these connections to or off the DC / DC converters as needed. The energy management system can be arranged inside or outside the DC / DC converter device for this purpose.

[0009] In one embodiment, the at least one safety-critical load and the at least one non-safety-critical load are connected together to the DC / DC converter device, and the energy management system arranged outside the DC / DC converter device is configured to switch on and / or off at least the at least one non-safety-critical load as needed.

[0010] In one embodiment, the energy management system is configured to dynamically shut down at least one of a plurality of non-safety-critical consumers in the event of a fault based on an actual power demand of the non-safety-critical consumers.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present invention, an electrically driven vehicle with an on-board electrical system as described above is proposed, wherein the high-voltage battery is configured to supply an electric machine for driving the vehicle.

[0012] In one embodiment, the at least one safety-critical consumer comprises a braking system and / or a steering system of the vehicle and / or an Advanced Driver Assistance System. The Advanced Driver Assistance System, also known as ADAS for short, is a driver assistance system with additional electronic devices in motor vehicles to support the driver in certain driving situations. Safety aspects play a key role, especially in the planning, guidance, and stabilization of a driving task, but are also important in other aspects of driver assistance systems.

[0013] In one embodiment, the at least one non-safety-critical consumer comprises entertainment electronics and / or interior lighting and / or air conditioning of the vehicle.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for operating an on-board electrical system as described above is proposed, wherein in the event of failure of one of the DC / DC converters, the non-safety-critical consumers are switched off by the energy management system.

[0015] According to the present invention, the non-safety-critical loads are switched off in the event of a DC / DC converter failure.

[0016] By shutting down non-safety-critical loads in the event of a fault, the redundancy of the converter power built into the DC / DC converter device can be utilized. The total converter power required is thus reduced, thereby reducing installation space and costs.

[0017] Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

[0018] Showing: Fig. 1 a schematic view of an on-board network with a DC / DC converter device in a control mode, Fig. 2 a schematic view of the on-board network with the DC / DC converter device in case of rail failure, and Fig. 3 a schematic view of a vehicle.

[0019] Corresponding parts are provided with the same reference numerals in all figures.

[0020] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an on-board electrical system 10 with a DC / DC converter device 1 in a control mode, in which the DC / DC converter device 1 converts a high-voltage voltage from a high-voltage battery 3 into at least one low-voltage voltage for supplying consumers 4, 5, including safety-critical consumers 4 and non-safety-critical consumers 5.

[0021] An energy management system 6 can be arranged to control and / or regulate the non-safety-critical consumers 5.

[0022] The DC / DC converter device 1 has a plurality of DC / DC converters 2.1 to 2.n, so-called rails. The DC / DC converters 2.1 to 2.n are referred to as rails because they are often electrically interconnected via busbars. However, electrical interconnection via cables is also possible. The DC / DC converters 2.1 to 2.n serve to ensure high energy availability for supplying the safety-critical loads 4.

[0023] To achieve these security objectives, the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 For example, four DC / DC converters 2.1 to 2.4 with a power of, for example, 1.5 kW each, i.e. a total power of 6 kW, are arranged in the DC / DC converter device 1.

[0024] This total power (6 kW in this example) is available for all consumers 4, 5, i.e. also the non-safety-critical consumers 5.

[0025] From a functional safety perspective, some of the DC / DC converters 2.1 to 2.4, for example, serve as redundancy. Therefore, only the power of the remaining DC / DC converters 2.2 to 2.4 is available to meet the safety objectives.

[0026] Fig. Figure 2 is a schematic view of the vehicle electrical system 10 with the DC / DC converter device 1 in the event of a rail failure, i.e., one of the DC / DC converters 2.4. The remaining DC / DC converters 2.1 to 2.3 serve to supply the safety-critical loads 4. The non-safety-critical loads 5 are switched off by the energy management system 6.

[0027] The power of the remaining DC / DC converters 2.1 to 2.3 is therefore available to the safety-critical consumers 4, so that their supply is ensured.

[0028] The DC / DC converter device 1 can be arranged in an electrically powered vehicle 20, wherein the high-voltage battery 3 can be used to supply an electric machine for driving the vehicle 20. The loads 4, 5 are safety-critical loads 4 and non-safety-critical loads 5 of the vehicle 20 and are supplied with the low voltage via the DC / DC converter device 1.

[0029] The shutdown of the non-safety-critical consumers 5 in the event of a fault by the energy management system 6 can also be carried out dynamically on the basis of an actual load of the on-board network 10, in particular a low-voltage on-board network, i.e. the power requirement of the consumers 4, 5 included therein, in particular the non-safety-critical consumers 5.

[0030] By shutting down the non-safety-critical loads 5 in the event of a fault, the power provided by the DC / DC converter device 1 for redundancy can be utilized. The total power required by the DC / DC converter device 1 is thus reduced, saving space and costs.

[0031] The DC / DC converter device 1 is generously designed with several DC / DC converters 2.1 to 2.n so that it meets the power requirements of all consumers 4, 5 and that if one of the DC / DC converters 2.1 to 2.n fails, the remaining DC / DC converters 2.1 to 2.n still supply sufficient power for the safety-critical consumers 4 if the non-safety-critical consumers 5 are at least partially switched off.

[0032] For this purpose, the DC / DC converters 2.1 to 2.n in the DC / DC converter device 1 are connected in parallel so that the safety-critical areas can always be switched to the functioning DC / DC converters 2.1 to 2.n. This can be done, for example, internally in the DC / DC converter device 1, so that each on-board network area, for example the safety-critical consumers 4 and the non-safety-critical consumers 5, consumers 4, 5 grouped together, or each consumer 4, 5 individually, has its own connection to the DC / DC converter device 1, and these connections are switched to or off the DC / DC converters 2.1 to 2.n internally in the DC / DC converter device 1 as required.

[0033] Alternatively, the DC / DC converter device 1 can be designed in parallel, wherein the on-board network areas are connected together to the DC / DC converter device 1 and are switched on and / or off from the outside, for example by means of the energy management system 6, so that in the event of a fault (failure of a DC / DC converter 2.1 to 2.n), the non-safety-critical consumers 5 are no longer supplied and the safety-critical consumers 4 are safely supplied with the remaining DC / DC converters 2.1 to 2.n.

[0034] In a further, alternative embodiment (not shown), the DC / DC converter device can also be designed such that some of the converters serve as redundancy, i.e., more converters are provided than are required for operation. In this case, with n converters, for example, m (with m <n) Wandler zur Redundanz eingeplant sein und im normalen Betrieb nicht benötigt werden. So könnte dann sogar noch bei einem Ausfall von m der n Wandler die nichtsicherheitskritischen Verbraucher weggeschalten werden und die Versorgung sicherheitskritische Verbraucher bleibt mit den verbleibenden Wandlern gewährleistet.For example, if four DC / DC converters are required in the DC / DC converter device for normal operation, five or six DC / DC converters could be arranged and installed in the DC / DC converter device for redundancy, so that the failure of one or even two DC / DC converters would already be protected by the redundancy and only then would the non-safety-critical consumers be switched off.

[0035] Safety-critical consumers 4 can be, for example, a braking system and / or a steering system of the vehicle 20. Non-safety-critical consumers 5 can include, for example, entertainment electronics, interior lighting, and air conditioning of the vehicle 20.

[0036] Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an electrically powered vehicle 20 equipped with the system described above and shown in Fig. 1 and Fig.2. The vehicle 20 can be, for example, a passenger car, a commercial vehicle, or a bus. List of reference symbols 1 DC / DC converter device 2.1 to 2.n DC / DC converters 3 high-voltage battery 4 Consumers, safety-critical consumers 5 Consumers, non-safety-critical consumers 6 Energy management system 10 On-board network 20 vehicles QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2021 005 548 A1

[0002]

Claims

[1] On-board power supply system (10) for a vehicle (20), comprising a high-voltage battery (3) for providing energy at a high voltage, a plurality of electrical consumers (4, 5), including at least one safety-critical consumer (4) and at least one non-safety-critical consumer (5), a DC / DC converter device (1) for converting the high voltage into at least one low voltage for supplying the consumers (4, 5), an energy management system (6) for controlling and / or regulating at least the non-safety-critical consumers (5), wherein the DC / DC converter device (1) has a plurality of DC / DC converters (2.1 to 2.n) with a total converter power sufficient to supply all connected consumers (4, 5), characterized bythat the converter power is dimensioned such that in the event of failure of one of the DC / DC converters (2.1 to 2.n), all safety-critical consumers (4) are supplied with energy by the remaining DC / DC converters (2.1 to 2.n), wherein the energy management system (6) is configured to switch off the non-safety-critical consumers (5) in the event of failure of one of the DC / DC converters (2.1 to 2.n). [2] On-board network (10) according to claim 1, characterized by that the DC / DC converters (2.1 to 2.n) in the DC / DC converter device (1) are connected in parallel. [3] On-board network (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the at least one safety-critical consumer (4) and the at least one non-safety-critical consumer (5) are each connected to a separate connection on the DC / DC converter device (1) and the DC / DC converter device (1) is configured to switch these connections to or off the DC / DC converters (2.1 to 2.n) as required. [4] On-board network (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the at least one safety-critical consumer (4) and the at least one non-safety-critical consumer (5) are connected together to the DC / DC converter device (1) and the energy management system (6) arranged outside the DC / DC converter device (1) is configured to switch on and / or switch off at least the at least one non-safety-critical consumer (5) as required. [5] On-board network (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the energy management system (6) is configured to switch off at least one of several non-safety-critical consumers (5) dynamically in the event of a fault on the basis of an actual power requirement of the non-safety-critical consumers (5). [6] Electrically driven vehicle (20) with an on-board network (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the high-voltage battery (3) is configured to supply an electric machine for driving the vehicle (20). [7] Electrically powered vehicle (20) according to claim 6, characterized by that the at least one safety-critical consumer (4) comprises a braking system and / or a steering system of the vehicle (20) and / or an Advanced Driver Assistance System. [8] Electrically powered vehicle (20) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by that the at least one non-safety-critical consumer (5) comprises entertainment electronics and / or interior lighting and / or air conditioning of the vehicle (20). [9] Method for operating an on-board network (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by that if one of the DC / DC converters (2.1 to 2.n) fails, the non-safety-critical consumers (5) are switched off by the energy management system (6).

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