Supporting component with foundation pipe for a power pole and method for installing the foundation pipe

Abstract

The invention relates to a foundation (1), in particular for an overhead power line pylon, comprising at least one single-part or multi-part steel foundation tube (2a, 3b) inserted into a ground (3). It is characterized in that, for each individual foundation (1), at least two foundation tubes (2a, 2b) are inserted into the ground (3) substantially parallel to one another, and in that a steel structural element (4) is arranged in the head region (5a, 5b) of the foundation tubes (2a, 2b), which steel structural element connects the two foundation tubes (2a, 2b) to one another and is configured to receive a supporting element, in particular a pylon support.

Description

Field of the invention

[0001] The invention relates to a foundation with at least one single-part or multi-part steel foundation pipe inserted into a ground, as well as a method for inserting a foundation pipe into a ground, in particular for a mast, preferably for a power mast. State of the art and background of the invention

[0002] Power pylons or overhead line pylons are structures used to support overhead electrical lines. For low- and medium-voltage transmission lines, wooden, tubular steel, or concrete pylons with a single vertical support element are typically used. High- and extra-high-voltage lines, as well as traction power lines, are generally supported by steel lattice pylons equipped with multiple vertical support elements. The same applies to so-called space-optimized or compact pylons. In all cases, the essentially vertical support elements must be installed in a soil foundation that meets the static requirements, ideally for all possible soil types.

[0003] A foundation of the type mentioned above is known, for example, from the literature reference DE 10 2015 014 115 A1. This has proven to be extremely effective, but could be improved in the case of particularly high loads that exceed the load-bearing capacity of such a foundation.

[0004] With such high load-bearing requirements, it is common practice to provide two or more foundation pipes for each mast post as individual foundation pipes, which are usually equipped with very large and deeply embedded foundation pipe heads that are only connected to each other by encasing them in concrete. This construction method is neither ecologically nor economically optimal. Technical problem of the invention

[0005] The invention is based on the technical problem of providing a foundation, particularly for a mast support, that has increased load-bearing capacity while still being compact in lateral dimensions. The invention is also based on the technical problem of creating a foundation that has a reduced ecological footprint and can be constructed with reduced effort in terms of time and equipment. Finally, the invention is based on the technical problem of providing a method for constructing such a foundation. Basic features of the invention and preferred embodiments

[0006] To solve this technical problem, the invention is characterized in that for each individual foundation at least two (single-part or multi-part, based on the longitudinal extent of the foundation pipes) foundation pipes are introduced into the ground substantially parallel to one another, and in that a steel structural element is arranged in the head region of the foundation pipes, which steel structural element connects the two foundation pipes to one another and is arranged to receive a supporting element, in particular a mast stem.

[0007] A foundation according to the invention with at least two foundation tubes transfers its loads into the subsoil via skin friction, end pressure, and bedding and is in this respect no different from a conventional foundation tube. In contrast to the latter, the statically effective circumferential area is larger and consists of both soil / steel contact surfaces and soil / soil and soil / concrete contact surfaces. Thus, a foundation according to the invention can absorb higher loads via skin friction than conventional foundation tubes. At the same time, the foundation tube base area is larger than with a single foundation tube, and the effective bedding area is larger when subjected to horizontal loads. Overall, the invention can transfer higher mast support loads.

[0008] This results in a multitude of advantages. The planning and construction advantages of the invention are that a very high load-bearing capacity is achieved without requiring more equipment to install the foundation pipes than with individual foundation pipes. This is because the foundation pipes of the invention can, in principle, be installed with the same equipment expenditure as with individual foundation pipes. This means that the "ecological footprint" of the invention is significantly smaller than all other types of deep foundations because the equipment required to install the foundation pipes is considerably lighter than with all other types of foundation pipes for high loads. Consequently, the surface pressures caused by the equipment are significantly lower, making the usually required reinforcement of transport routes and construction sites and their dismantling far less complex.

[0009] In addition, the heads of foundation pipes arranged according to the invention typically only penetrate the subsoil by 1 m. This minimizes the amount of excavated material to be moved, eliminates the need for shoring, and generally eliminates the need for dewatering.

[0010] At the same time, the advantages of the state of the art according to literature reference DE 10 2015 014 115 A1 are retained: As soon as the foundation pipes are driven in, the progression of the driving energy over the driving depth makes it possible to determine whether the foundation pipes are becoming “solid” by integrating them into load-bearing layers at the expected depth. This means that deviations from the planning principles, such as the depth and strength of the load-bearing layers, are already identified during driving and it is possible to consider and implement suitable measures together with the client at an early stage to ensure the load-bearing capacity of the foundation. To prove the load-bearing capacity of mast foundations, acceptance tests are carried out on every mast in accordance with DIN EN 61773. These tests demonstrate that the uplift of the heads of the foundation pipes is less than 1.25 times the characteristic tensile load and within a specified limit.A pre-selection of the foundation pipes to be tested (as is necessary, for example, with concrete piles due to the additional reinforcement required) is not required. If it becomes apparent during installation of the foundation pipes or during the acceptance tensile tests that the load-bearing capacity cannot be verified, the foundation pipes can be raised and re-driven. In addition, the load-bearing capacity can be increased if necessary with additional stabilizing elements according to DE 10 2015 014 115 A1. The foundation can therefore be improved without additional foundation pipes and the associated connecting structures.

[0011] In detail, there are various preferred embodiments.

[0012] Preferably, two foundation pipes are provided, with the foundation pipes having a center-to-center spacing in the range of 0.05 to 0.5 m, in particular 0.1 to 0.4 m, most preferably 0.15 to 0.3 m. Thus, pairs of foundation pipes are formed.

[0013] The steel structural element can essentially comprise two preferably plane-parallel plate elements which are rigidly connected to one another, for example welded, via connecting elements, wherein the distance between the plate elements (measured on the outside) is less than the diameter of the foundation pipes, in particular in the range of 20-90% of the diameter, preferably in the range of 40-70% of the diameter.

[0014] The foundation pipes may be slotted vertically in their head area on the sides facing each other, provided that the width of the slot corresponds approximately to the width of the steel structural element (measured on the outside).

[0015] The steel structural element preferably has at least two pairs of foot elements that extend into the foundation tubes, in particular beyond the depth of the aforementioned slots in the foundation tubes, and preferably carry lugs. The latter serve to improve the static stability after the steel structural element has been concreted into the foundation tubes.

[0016] Analogous to DE 10 2015 014 115 A1, at least two stabilizing elements can be provided for each foundation pipe, each of which has a head plate. The stabilizing elements are oriented substantially parallel to the foundation pipe and are embedded in the ground adjacent to the foundation pipe. The head plates are arranged below the ground level, and concrete is placed above the head plates. The stabilizing elements can be welded to the foundation pipes. Four or six stabilizing elements can be provided for each pair of foundation pipes.

[0017] A foundation pipe is typically made of steel, for example, galvanized. The foundation pipe may have an electrically insulating coating on the inside and / or outside, which can also act as an (additional) corrosion protection layer. The steel structural elements and, if applicable, the stabilizing elements are also preferably made of steel, for example, galvanized.

[0018] The concrete placed above the head of the foundation elements is advantageously compacted, which increases the skin friction even above the stabilization elements, if installed. In addition, an interlocking occurs between the concrete and the surrounding soil. The concrete can be placed in layers, i.e. a first layer is placed and compacted, then a second layer is placed and compacted, and so on. The concrete is typically placed to a specified depth below ground level, up to a maximum of ground level. In principle, it is also possible to allow each layer to set at least partially when placed in layers.

[0019] The invention further relates to a method for installing a foundation according to the invention into a soil, comprising the following method steps: A) the foundation pipes are installed, in particular driven into the soil, B) the steel construction element is inserted into the driven-in foundation pipes and concreted into them.

[0020] In detail, the procedure can be as follows, for example. The two foundation pipes of the foundation pipe pair, which are open at the bottom and preferably spiral-welded, are delivered to the construction site in sections of, for example, a maximum of 15 to 16 m in length and with the required structural length and wall thickness. On each mast post, the first (partial) foundation pipes are first driven into the subsoil at a distance of 0.2 m from one another and at the incline of the mast posts. The driving is carried out step by step with a diesel hammer in such a way that one of the two foundation pipes is first driven a certain amount, e.g. around 2 to 3 m deep, and then the other foundation pipe is driven in. The driving of the first (partial) foundation pipe is then continued for a further 2 m and the second (partial) foundation pipe is driven in.Once the first foundation pipes have been installed, they are then topped off with additional foundation pipes. The driving is then continued in the manner described above until the planned embedment depth is finally reached. This type of driving ensures that the subsoil is evenly displaced and compacted during the installation of the foundation pipes. This ensures high driving accuracy and, at the same time, a high load-bearing capacity of the foundation pipes. The ram and the driving caps are selected according to the mass of the foundation pipes and the properties of the subsoil so that the foundation pipes can be installed gently and without plastic deformation of the foundation pipe. Short driving reports are kept on the driving operation in accordance with DIN 4026 or DIN EN 12 699. Once the two foundation pipes of the pair of foundation pipes have been installed to the planned depth, if necessaryStabilization elements installed according to DE 10 2015 014 115 A1. The two foundation tubes are then slotted on opposite sides to accommodate the steel structural elements. The steel structural element is inserted, aligned, and concreted in. The head of the foundation tube is then formed and concreted. The mast can then be erected.

[0021] The invention further relates to the use of a foundation according to the invention for erecting a mast, pillar or stand, in particular for erecting a mast of an overhead power line.

[0022] In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with reference to figures which merely represent an exemplary embodiment.

[0023] They show: Fig. 1: a mast layout with four foundations according to the invention Fig. 2: Arrangement of the foundation pipes and the steel construction element within a foundation according to the invention, and Fig. 3: a detailed view of a steel structural element of the Fig. 2 in side view ( Fig. 3a) and under supervision( Fig. 3b).

[0024] In the Fig. 1 shows an arrangement of a total of four foundations 1, in the example for an overhead line mast with four mast posts (not shown for the sake of clarity).

[0025] A comparative analysis of the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 shows that for each individual foundation 1, two foundation pipes 2a, 2b are inserted into the ground 3 essentially parallel to each other. The foundation pipes 2a, 2b are preferably inserted into the ground 3 at an angle corresponding to the angle of the respective mast post in the area of a foundation 1. As a result, the foundation pipes 2a, 2b of a foundation 1 are parallel to a mast post resting on the foundation 1.

[0026] Especially in the Fig. 2 shows that a steel structural element 4 is installed in the head region 5a, 5b of the foundation tubes 2a, 2b. This element connects the two foundation tubes 2a, 2b and also serves to accommodate a supporting element, in particular a mast post.

[0027] Preferably, the two foundation pipes 2a, 2b are inserted into the ground 3 with a center-to-center distance in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 m, in particular of 0.1 to 0.4 m, most preferably of 0.15 to 0.3 m, from each other, for example of 0.20 m.

[0028] A comparative analysis of the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3a / 3b that the steel structural element 4 essentially comprises two preferably plane-parallel plate elements 6a, 6b, which are rigidly connected to one another via at least one connecting element 7, wherein the distance between the plate elements 6a, 6b (measured externally) is less than the diameter of the foundation pipes 2a, 2b, in particular in the range of 20-90% of the diameter, preferably in the range of 40-70% of the diameter. In detail, it can be seen that the foundation pipes 2a, 2b are slotted in the axial direction in their head region 5a, 5b on the sides facing one another, with the proviso that the width of the slot 10 corresponds approximately to the width of the steel structural element 4 (measured externally). The steel structural element 4 further comprises a pair of foot elements 11a, 11b connected to the plate elements 6a, 6b, which project into the foundation tubes 2a, 2b and support lugs 7a.

[0029] The steel structural element 4 is concreted into the foundation tubes 2a, 2b with its base elements 11a, 11b, rigidly connecting the foundation tubes 2a, 2b and the steel structural element 4. Ultimately, only the free part of the connecting element 7 protrudes from the concrete filling.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment ( Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) at least two stabilizing elements 8 are provided for each foundation pipe 2a, 2b. In the case of Fig. 1, there are two stabilizing elements 8 per foundation pipe 2a, 2b, which are arranged mirror-symmetrically to a vertical center plane of both foundation pipes 2a, 2b. In the case of Fig. 2, three stabilizing elements 8 are provided for each foundation pipe 2a, 2b, one additional (compared to the Fig.1) Stabilization element 8 arranged in the central plane. The stabilization elements 8 each have a head plate 9, wherein the stabilization elements 8 are oriented substantially parallel to the foundation tube 2a, 2b and are inserted into the soil 3 adjacent to the foundation tube 2a, 2b. The head plates 9 are arranged below the surface of the soil (GOK = ground level), and concrete is introduced into the soil 3 above the head plates 9, in particular up to the ground level. The stabilization elements 8 are typically welded to the foundation tubes (2a, 2b).

[0031] A foundation 1 is installed in a soil 3 by driving the foundation tubes 2a, 2b into the soil 3, in particular by ramming them in, inserting the steel structural element 4 into the driven foundation tubes 2a, 2b, and encasing the foundation tubes 2a, 2b in concrete. The foundation tubes 2a, 2b and the inserted steel structural element are filled with concrete at least until only the part of the connecting element 7 that protrudes beyond the slab elements 6a, 6b protrudes above the concrete filling. It is also possible to pour concrete beyond the slab elements 6a, 6b, although a part of the connecting element 7 must always remain free for connection to a mast post.

[0032] For further details of the procedure, please refer to the general part of the description. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2015 014 115 A1 [0003, 0010, 0016, 0020]

Claims

[1] Foundation (1), in particular for an overhead line mast, with at least one single-part or multi-part foundation pipe (2a, 3b) made of steel inserted into a ground (3), characterized by , that for each individual foundation (1) at least two foundation pipes (2a, 2b) are inserted into the ground (3) essentially parallel to each other, and that a steel construction element (4) is arranged in the head region (5a, 5b) of the foundation pipes (2a, 2b), which steel construction element connects the two foundation pipes (2a, 2b) to one another and is arranged to receive a supporting element, in particular a mast post. [2] Foundation (1) according to claim 1, wherein two foundation pipes (2a, 2b) are arranged, and wherein the foundation pipes (2a, 2b) have a center-to-center distance in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 m, in particular of 0.1 to 0.4 m, most preferably of 0.15 to 0.3 m. [3] Foundation (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the steel structural element (4) essentially comprises two preferably plane-parallel plate elements (6a, 6b) which are rigidly connected to one another via connecting elements (7), wherein the distance between the plate elements (6a, 6b) (measured on the outside) is less than the diameter of the foundation pipes (2a, 2b), in particular in the range of 20-90% of the diameter, preferably in the range of 40-70% of the diameter. [4] Foundation (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the foundation pipes (2a, 2b) are slotted in the vertical direction in their head region (5a, 5b) on the sides facing each other, with the proviso that the width of the slot (10) corresponds approximately to the width of the steel structural element (4) (measured on the outside). [5] Foundation (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the steel structural element (4) has at least two pairs of foot elements (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d) which project into the foundation tubes (2a, 2b) and preferably carry lugs (7). [6] Foundation (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the steel structural element (4) is concreted into the foundation tubes (2a, 2b), rigidly connecting the foundation tubes (2a, 2b) and the steel structural element (4) to one another. [7] Foundation (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least two stabilizing elements (8) are arranged for each foundation pipe (2a, 2b), wherein the stabilizing elements (8) each have a head plate (9), wherein the stabilizing elements (8) are oriented substantially parallel to the foundation pipe (2a, 2b) and are inserted into the ground (3) so as to be adjacent to the foundation pipe (2a, 2b), wherein the head plates (9) are arranged below the surface of the ground (GOK = top edge of the ground), and wherein concrete is introduced above the head plates (9), in particular up to GOK. [8] Foundation (1) according to claim 7, wherein the stabilizing elements (8) have been welded to the foundation pipes (2a, 2b). [9] Method for installing a foundation (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7 into a soil (3) with the following method steps: A) the foundation pipes (2a, 2b) are inserted into the ground (3), in particular driven in, B) the steel construction element is inserted into the driven foundation pipes (2a, 2b) and concreted into the foundation pipes (2a, 2b). [10] Method according to claim 9, wherein in the case of the foundation pipes (2a, 2b) two or three stabilising elements (8) each having a head plate (9) which is orthogonal to the longitudinal extent of the stabilising elements (8) and is essentially horizontal are introduced into the ground (3) with the proviso that the stabilising elements (8) bear against the foundation pipes (2a, 2b) and are preferably welded to the foundation pipes (2a, 2b), and wherein the head plates (9) of the stabilising elements (8) are positioned below the surface of the ground (3) (GOK).

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