Method for designing a role for a cell

Abstract

The invention relates to a method (100) for designing a roller (12) for a cell (10), comprising the steps: chemically freezing (S1) an anode (14) of the roller (12) and adjusting (S2) a compression rate of the anode (14) and / or a diameter (16) of the roller (14) to optimize the performance of the cell (10), which has at least partially silicon in the anode (14).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for designing a roll for a cell, a cell for storing energy with a roll, and a vehicle with a battery storage device.

[0002] The current state of the art already offers a variety of processes for designing roll anodes, particularly jelly rolls. The various jelly roll materials, particularly the anode materials, can be compressed to provide the highest possible power or energy, as well as a correspondingly sufficient longevity. Furthermore, the jelly roll must be insertable into a cell casing, so the design of the jelly rolls should be dependent on the outer casing. The problem here is that, depending on the thickness of the anode and the anode material, unfavorable combinations can arise, which can negatively impact the cell's performance or stored energy.

[0003] The aforementioned objects known in the state of the art do not satisfactorily exploit the technical possibilities of modern energy storage devices.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to remedy the aforementioned need.

[0005] To achieve the aforementioned object, a method for designing a roll for a cell is proposed. The cell can, in particular, be an energy cell for an electric means of transport, such as a car, a van, a truck, an aircraft, and / or a watercraft. More preferably, the cell can be cylindrically designed, so that the roll, preferably in a final version, also has a substantially round cross-section. In particular, the jelly roll can be manufactured flat and subsequently rolled up. The method for designing the roll for the cell comprises the following step: Chemically freezing an anode of the roll. The method further comprises the step of adjusting a compression rate of the frozen anode and / or a diameter of the roll to optimize the performance of the cell, which at least partially comprises silicon in the frozen anode.

[0006] One advantage of this process is that by varying the anode compression rate relative to the roll diameter, the cell's performance or deformation can be improved. This allows for the expansion of the roll at different cell charge states to be taken into account, thus providing a high-performance cell with stable properties throughout its lifetime.

[0007] In other words, the anode can in particular be applied to a film and then compressed accordingly. The diameter of the roll can change depending on the degree of compression. More preferably, the diameter of the roll can also be adjusted by the number of windings on the roll. Thus, by varying these two parameters, the performance or the stored energy of the cell can be continuously optimized in order to be able to stably store the largest possible amount over the service life of the cell. The anode in particular comprises silicon or can consist essentially of silicon. In this context, “essentially” means in particular a proportion of more than 50% silicon. Because the anode comprises silicon, the diameter of the roll can change depending on the state of charge.Thus, the compression rate can be adjusted in particular such that, when the cell is fully charged, the diameter of the roll essentially corresponds to the diameter of the cell. Preferably, the anode can be connected to a cathode independently of the selected compression rate of the anode. Thus, the diameter of the roll can be adjusted by the compression rate as well as by the number of windings of the anode and / or cathode.

[0008] The subclaims show further developments of the invention.

[0009] Preferably, adjusting the compression rate involves the following steps: - detecting a lower ratio limit, wherein the lower ratio limit is at least a first ratio between the compression rate of the frozen anode and the diameter of the roll, - detecting an upper ratio limit of a load on the roll, wherein the upper ratio limit is at least a second ratio between the compression rate of the frozen anode and the diameter of the roll, - Adjust the compression ratio so that it is between the lower ratio limit and the upper ratio limit.

[0010] An advantage of this embodiment is that it avoids insufficient capacity of the cell or roll, and also ensures a sufficient service life of the cell or roll. Furthermore, the compression rate of the roll can be selected in particular such that it lies in a value range between the upper ratio limit and the lower ratio limit. In particular, based on historical data, an upper ratio limit for the load on the roll can be defined, and a lower ratio limit can be determined, which can represent a minimum requirement for the energy to be stored. Furthermore, the lower ratio limit and the upper ratio limit can each be a range.

[0011] Preferably, the method comprises the step: - Adjusting a cell fill ratio when the adjusted compression rate is between the lower ratio limit and the upper ratio limit.

[0012] An advantage of this embodiment is that, once a suitable compression ratio has been found, the cell diameter can be adjusted so that the cell's fill level can be selected to meet the requirements of the roll or cell. The specifications can include the energy to be stored at maximum charge of the roll or cell.

[0013] More preferably, the method comprises the step: - Determine an energy target based on the adjusted fill level.

[0014] An advantage of this embodiment is that, based on the adjusted filling level, which is based on the adjusted compression rate, an energy target of the cell can be determined, so that it can be checked whether the designed cell meets the requirements of the cell or not.

[0015] More preferably, the method comprises the step: - Check whether a second compression rate of the energy target is between the lower ratio limit and the upper ratio limit.

[0016] An advantage of this embodiment is that the check can be used to ensure that, when the fill level changes, particularly to meet an energy target, a possibly adjusted compression rate still lies between the upper and lower ratio limits. This can prevent potential cell design errors. The loop can preferably be run multiple times so that an optimum balance between energy target and compression rate can be achieved.

[0017] More preferably, the method comprises the step: - Determine an expansion property of the anode based on the adjusted compression rate and / or the adjusted diameter of the roll.

[0018] An advantage of this embodiment is that, based on the adjusted compression rate and the adjusted diameter, an expansion behavior of the roll or cell can be determined and it can be checked whether it lies within the predetermined requirement window.

[0019] In particular, a diameter or fill level of the roll in the cell can be determined at a charge or state of charge of the cell at 5% and at 100%. Further preferred is a comparison between the expansion at a time shortly after the roll's production, at a time when the roll or cell is aging, and at the end of the cell's service life. This allows for verification of whether the roll can meet the necessary requirements over the cell's service life.

[0020] Preferably, determining the expansion property comprises the steps: - detecting a first degree of expansion of the anode at a first state of charge, - detecting a second degree of expansion of the anode at a second state of charge, - issuing a warning signal when the first degree of expansion and / or the second degree of expansion exceeds and / or falls below a predetermined reference.

[0021] An advantage of this embodiment is that the design of the roll or cell can be determined over the entire life cycle of a cell, allowing errors to be detected at an early stage and cell failure to be prevented. In particular, a first degree of expansion can be recorded at a first state of charge, such as 5% of the state of charge. More preferably, a second degree of expansion of the anode can be determined at a second state of charge, such as 100% of the state of charge. The different degrees of expansion can thus be compared with one another. More preferably, a warning signal can be output if the first degree of expansion and / or the second degree of expansion and / or a delta between the first degree of expansion and the second degree of expansion exceeds and / or falls below a predetermined reference, such as a comparison value. “Delta” refers to a difference.

[0022] Preferably, the method comprises the step: - Adjust the anode compression rate and / or diameter when the warning signal is issued.

[0023] An advantage of this embodiment is that during automated cell design, a verification loop can be initiated so that an adjusted compression rate or roll diameter can be provided.

[0024] Preferably, the method further comprises the steps: - detecting a third expansion state at the first charge state, - detecting a fourth expansion state at the second charge state, wherein the first charge state and the second charge state are spaced apart from the third charge state and the fourth charge state by a predetermined period of time, - Determining a first delta between the first degree of expansion and the second degree of expansion and between the second degree of expansion and the fourth degree of expansion, - Adjust the anode compression rate and / or roll diameter based on the first delta and the second delta.

[0025] An advantage of this embodiment is that, based on the comparison with the first delta and the second delta, an aging process of the roll can be predicted, so that the compression rate of the anode and / or the diameter of the roll can be adjusted accordingly.

[0026] Preferably, detecting the first degree of expansion and / or the second degree of expansion comprises the steps: - Creating an image of a cross-sectional area of ​​the roll using an imaging technique, - Isolating the anode from the image using grayscale-based pattern recognition, - Determining the first degree of expansion and / or the second degree of expansion based on the isolated anode.

[0027] An advantage of this embodiment is that, using inexpensive imaging techniques such as a CT scanner, images of the roll's cross-sectional area can be created to determine the roll's degree of expansion. This allows the degree of expansion or compression rate, as well as the roll's diameter, to be further optimized. Furthermore, the captured images can be integrated directly into the design process, since the cross-sectional area is digitized using grayscale-based pattern recognition, thus making it processable.

[0028] Preferably, the method comprises the steps: - Recording a course of the anode around a winding axis of the roll, - Determine the distance between two anode sections around the winding axis.

[0029] An advantage of this design is that, with the help of the specific distance, both the compression rate of the anode and the diameter of the roll can be checked in order to detect any abnormalities in a timely manner.

[0030] Preferably, the method comprises the step: - Determining an average of the distance based on a plurality of images of the cross-sectional area of ​​the anode along the winding axis.

[0031] An advantage of this design is that the distance or compression rate and the diameter of the roll can be determined over the entire roll or the entire cell in order to identify any problems at an early stage.

[0032] A further aspect of the invention relates to a cell for storing energy with a roller, which was designed by means of the method as described above and below, comprising at least one anode which at least partially comprises silicon.

[0033] A further aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle having a battery storage device which was designed at least partially using the method as described above and below and / or a cell as described above and below.

[0034] Further details, features, and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and the figures. They show: Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b a cell according to an embodiment, Fig. 2a to 2c a roller according to an embodiment, Fig. 3a to 3c a roller according to an embodiment, Fig. 4 a diagram illustrating the procedure, Fig. 5 a diagram illustrating the energy target, Fig. 6a to 6c an illustration for checking the degree of expansion, Fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating steps of the method according to an embodiment, Fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating steps of the method according to an embodiment, Fig. 9 a vehicle.

[0035] Fig. 1a shows a cell 10. The cell has a roller 12. The roller 12 includes an anode 14. The anode 14 is arranged within the cell 10 at a predetermined compression rate. Furthermore, the roller 12 has a diameter 16. In this case, the cell 10 is in a substantially fully charged state, so that a diameter 16 of the roller 12 is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the cell 10.

[0036] Fig. 1b shows a cell 10 which is already in the Fig. 1a, which depicts an essentially empty state of the cell. As the comparison between the Fig. 1a with the Fig. 1b, the diameter 16 of the roller 12 can decrease continuously with the charge state.

[0037] Fig. Figure 2a shows the structure of an anode 14. The anode 14 has, in particular, a first compression ratio 141. The first compression ratio 141 can be, for example, 1.4 g / cm 3 The anode 14 is in particular provided with a foil 15.

[0038] Fig. 2b shows the same structure of an anode 14 as in the Fig. 2a with a second degree of compression 142 of the anode 14. The second degree of compression 142 can in particular be 1.5 g / cm 3 be.

[0039] Fig. 2c shows an anode 14, which has the same structure as in the Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b. The anode 14 of the Fig. 2c have a compression ratio of 143, which in particular is 1.6 g / cm 3 can be.

[0040] Fig. Figure 3a shows the roll 12 in a rolled-up state. Different anodes 14 with different degrees of compression can be combined with the same cathode to form a roll 12. In particular, the roll 12 can have a first diameter 502. The first diameter 502 can have the third degree of compression 143.

[0041] Fig. 3b shows the roller 12 with a second diameter 504. The second diameter 504 can in particular have a second degree of compression 142.

[0042] Fig. 3c shows a third diameter 506 of the roller 12. The roller 12 may include an anode 14 having a first degree of compression 141.

[0043] Fig. 4 shows a diagram 400 illustrating the lower ratio limit 402 and the upper ratio limit 404. The diagram 400 has a first axis with a compression of the anode. The second axis 408 has, in particular, the diameter 16 or fill level. More preferably, a region 412 is arranged below the lower ratio limit 402, which is not suitable for the roller 12. Above the upper ratio limit 404, a second region 414 is arranged, which represents a region in which the compression rate or fill level is too high, so that the cell 10 or roller 12 does not have the required properties or has problems over its service life. Furthermore, there are a plurality of design points 418, which represent different compression rates of the roller 12.

[0044] Fig. 5 shows a diagram 500 illustrating the compression rate 410 to the filling level 501. In the diagram 500, there is a first region 503 with the first diameter 502. Furthermore, a second region 505 with the second diameters 504 is shown. Fig. 5 shows a third region 507 with the third diameter 506. Various points 418 are shown here, which are possible combinations of compression rate and diameter 16. Along the characteristic curves 510, one can choose between different designs of the roller 12, which in particular have different compression rates.

[0045] Fig. 6a shows a Fig. from a cross-sectional area 602 of the roll 12, which includes the anode 14. The anode 14 is wound around a winding axis 20. As can be seen, the anode 14 can be separated from the Fig. be isolated.

[0046] Fig. 6b shows the insulated anode 14 around the winding axis 20. Thus, a digital image of the cross-sectional area 602 can be generated, which can be used to adjust the compression rate.

[0047] Fig. 6c shows a diagram 604 with a first axis 606, which represents the distance 22 between two anode sections, and a second axis 608, which represents the individual layers, from the outer layer to the winding axis 20. The distances have a profile 610, which can vary across the different layers.

[0048] Fig. 7 shows a flowchart illustrating steps of method 100 according to one embodiment. Method 100 may include the step of chemically freezing S1 an anode 14 of roll 12. Furthermore, method 100 includes the step of adjusting S2 a compression rate of frozen anode 14 and / or a diameter 16 of roll 14 to optimize the performance of cell 10, which at least partially comprises silicon in frozen anode 14.

[0049] Fig. Fig. 8 shows a flowchart illustrating steps of the method 100 according to an embodiment. The method 100 comprises the same steps S1 and S2 as already described with regard to the Fig. 7. Further preferably, the method 100 comprises the steps of detecting S3 a lower ratio limit 402, detecting S4 an upper ratio limit 404, and adjusting S5 the compression rate. Furthermore, the method 100 can have the step of adjusting S6 a fill level of the cell 10. Further preferably, the method 100 comprises the step of determining S7 an energy target. Further preferably, the method 100 comprises the step of checking S8 whether a second compression rate of the energy target lies between the lower ratio limit 402 and the upper ratio limit 404.

[0050] Further preferably, the method 100 comprises the step of determining S9 an expansion property of the anode 14. Preferably, determining the expansion properties comprises the steps of detecting S10 a first degree of expansion, detecting S11 a second degree of expansion and outputting S12 a warning signal.

[0051] Preferably, the method 100 comprises the step of adjusting S13 the compression rate of the anode 14 and / or the diameter 16. Preferably, the method 100 comprises the steps of detecting S15 a third expansion state, detecting S16 a fourth expansion state, and determining S17 a first delta between the first degree of expansion and the second degree of expansion and between the second degree of expansion and the fourth degree of expansion, as well as adjusting S18 the compression rate of the anode 14 and / or the diameter 16 of the roller 12.

[0052] Further preferably, the detection of the first degree of expansion and / or the second degree of expansion comprises the steps of creating S19 an image of a cross-sectional area, isolating S20 the anode 14 and determining S21 the first degree of expansion and / or the second degree of expansion.

[0053] Further preferably, the method 100 comprises the steps of detecting S22 a profile of the anode 14 and determining S23 the distance 22 between two anode sections 24 around the winding axis 20.

[0054] Further preferably, the method 100 comprises the step S24 of determining an average of the distance 22.

[0055] Fig. Figure 9 shows a vehicle 200 having a battery storage system 202 configured at least partially using the method 100 described above and below. Preferably, the vehicle 200 includes a cell 10 for storing energy with a reel 12.

Claims

[1] Method (100) for designing a roll (12) for a cell (10), comprising the steps: • Chemical freezing (S1) of an anode (14) of the roll (12), • Adjusting (S2) a compression rate of the frozen anode (14) and / or a diameter (16) of the roll (14) to optimize a performance of the cell (10) which has at least partially silicon in the frozen anode (14). [2] The method (100) of claim 1, wherein adjusting the compression rate comprises the steps of: • detecting (S3) a lower ratio limit (402), wherein the lower ratio limit (402) is at least a first ratio between the compression rate of the frozen anode (14) and the diameter (16) of the roll (14), • detecting (S4) an upper ratio limit (404) of a load on the roller (12), the upper ratio limit (402) being at least a second ratio between the compression rate of the frozen anode (14) and the diameter (16) of the roller (14), • Adjusting (S5) the compression rate so that it lies between the lower ratio limit (402) and the upper ratio limit (404). [3] Method (100) according to claim 2, comprising the steps: • Adjusting (S6) a filling level of the cell (10) when the adjusted compression rate is between the lower ratio limit (402) and the upper ratio limit (404). [4] Method (100) according to claim 3, comprising the step: • Determine (S7) an energy target based on the adjusted filling level. [5] Method (100) according to claim 4, comprising the step: • Checking (S8) whether a second compression rate of the energy target is between the lower ratio limit (402) and the upper ratio limit (404). [6] Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising the step: • Determining (S9) an expansion property of the anode (14) based on the adjusted compression rate and / or the adjusted diameter (16) of the roll (14). [7] The method (100) of claim 6, wherein determining the expansion property comprises the steps of: • detecting (S10) a first degree of expansion of the anode (14) at a first charge state, • detecting (S11) a second degree of expansion of the anode (14) at a second charge state, • Outputting (S12) a warning signal when the first degree of expansion and / or the second degree of expansion exceeds and / or falls below a predetermined reference. [8] The method (100) of claim 7, further comprising the step: • Adjusting (S13) the compression rate of the anode (14) and / or the diameter (16) when the warning signal is issued. [9] Method (100) according to one of claims 7 to 8, further comprising the steps: • Detecting (S15) a third expansion state at the first charge state, • detecting (S16) a fourth expansion state at the second charge state, wherein the first charge state and the second charge state are spaced apart from the third charge state and the fourth charge state by a predetermined period of time, • Determining (S17) a first delta between the first degree of expansion and the second degree of expansion and a second delta between the second degree of expansion and the fourth degree of expansion, • Adjusting (S18) the compression rate of the anode (14) and / or the diameter (16) of the roller (12) based on the first delta and the second delta. [10] Method according to one of claims 7 to 9, wherein detecting the first degree of expansion and / or the second degree of expansion comprises the steps: • Creating (S19) an image of a cross-sectional area of ​​the roll (12) by means of an imaging process, • Isolating (S20) the anode (14) from the image using a grayscale-based pattern recognition, • Determining (S21) the first degree of expansion and / or the second degree of expansion based on the insulated anode (14). [11] Method (100) according to claim 10, comprising the steps: • Detecting (S22) a course of the anode (14) around a winding axis (20) of the roll (12), • Determining (S23) the distance (22) between two anode sections (24) around the winding axis (20). [12] The method (100) of claim 11, further comprising the step: • Determining (S24) an average of the distance (22) based on a plurality of images of the cross-sectional area of ​​the anode (14) along the winding axis (20). [13] Cell (10) for storing energy with a roller (12) which has been designed by means of the method according to one of the preceding claims, has at least one anode (14) which at least partially comprises silicon. [14] Vehicle (200) comprising a battery storage device (202) which was designed at least partially using the method (100) according to one of claims 1 to 12 and / or a cell (10) according to claim 13.

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