Brake device

Abstract

The invention relates to a braking device for a rotary device of a working machine, in particular an excavator or crane, with a boom arm and a working tool rotatably mounted on the boom arm, wherein the rotary device has a stator that can be connected non-rotatably to the boom arm and a rotor that can be rotated about an axis of rotation with respect to the stator, which can be connected non-rotatably to the working tool and can be rotated relative to the stator by an automatic, preferably fluidic, in particular hydraulic, drive, and wherein the braking device comprises a braking device acting between the rotor and the stator, wherein the braking device comprises a two-part brake housing designed to receive the rotor and the stator, with a first housing part and a second housing part.wherein the first housing part can be connected to the stator and the second housing part to the rotor in a rotationally fixed manner, and wherein the braking device is effective between the first housing part and the second housing part. Furthermore, the invention relates to a system with such a braking device and a rotary device for a machine.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a braking device for a rotating device for a work machine, in particular an excavator or crane, with a cantilever arm and a working tool rotatably mounted on the cantilever arm, wherein the rotating device has a stator which can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the cantilever arm and a rotor which can be rotated about an axis of rotation with respect to the stator, which rotor can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the working tool and can be rotated relative to the stator by an automatic, preferably fluidic, in particular hydraulic, drive, and wherein the braking device comprises a braking device acting between the rotor and the stator.

[0002] Such a braking device is already known and is typically used to prevent uncontrolled rotation of the rotor by means of the braking device when the drive is at a standstill. A braking element of the braking device attached to the stator interacts with a braking element of the braking device attached to the rotor. The braking elements of the braking device are thus integrated into the rotating device as part of the rotating device.

[0003] Due to wear and tear, replacing the brake elements is sometimes necessary. Since the brake elements are built into the rotating device, replacing the brake elements or servicing the braking system requires partially opening or even completely disassembling the rotating device. This involves considerable effort.

[0004] It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a braking device for a rotating device which is easier to maintain.

[0005] The object is achieved by a braking device having the features of claim 1 and by a system having the features of claim 7.

[0006] In the braking device according to the invention, it is particularly provided that the braking device comprises a two-part brake housing serving to accommodate the rotor and the stator, with a first housing part and a second housing part, wherein the first housing part is rotatably connected to the stator and the second housing part is rotatably connected to the rotor and wherein the braking device is effective between the first housing part and the second housing part.

[0007] The invention is based on the idea of ​​providing a braking device not on the rotating device, but on a brake housing formed separately from the rotating device and accommodating the rotating device. The braking elements of the braking device are thus not attached to the rotor and stator of the rotating device, but rather to a first housing part of the brake housing associated with the stator and a second housing part of the brake housing associated with the rotor.

[0008] Since the braking device according to the invention is designed separately from the rotating device, the braking device can be easily maintained, in particular without interfering with the rotating device. This allows for easier maintenance of the braking device.

[0009] Advantageous further developments can be found in the description, the claims and the attached drawings.

[0010] The rotating device, which can also be referred to as a rotator, is preferably a fluid-driven, particularly hydraulically driven, rotating device. However, the rotating device can also be driven by an electric motor.

[0011] Preferably, the internal dimensions of the brake housing are matched to the external dimensions of the rotating device and, in particular, are designed so that a conventional rotating device can be substantially accommodated inside the brake housing. This makes it possible to retrofit existing rotating devices with a braking device.

[0012] According to an advantageous embodiment, a bearing, in particular a rolling bearing such as a needle bearing, can be provided between the first housing part and the second housing part to ensure the most friction-free movement of the first housing part relative to the second housing part. The bearing can be arranged between the first housing part and the second housing part in the axial and / or radial direction relative to the rotational axis.

[0013] Typically, the work tool, such as a gripper, is actuated when the drive is at a standstill. According to an advantageous embodiment, the braking device is active in a braking manner when the rotating device is not driven, in particular not hydraulically actuated.

[0014] To ensure unimpeded rotation of the rotor of the rotating device, a means is preferably provided that releases the braking device upon activation of the rotating device. Such a means for releasing the braking device can, for example, be a piston pressurized with hydraulic fluid. Alternatively, the braking device can be released by means of an electromagnetic actuator.

[0015] According to an advantageous embodiment, the braking device can be released against the spring force of a spring means. The spring force of the spring means thus causes the braking device to be actively braking.

[0016] The spring means can be configured, for example, as a compression spring, in particular as a helical compression spring or as a disc spring. Preferably, several disc springs are stacked one above the other to form a disc spring stack. Depending on the required spring force, the disc springs in the disc spring stack can be aligned alternately, in particular alternatingly, and / or at least partially in the same direction.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the braking device, like the brake housing, is designed in two parts. In particular, it can be provided that the braking device has a first braking element and a second braking element, and that the first braking element of the braking device is provided on the first housing part, and the second braking element of the braking device, which interacts with the first braking element, is provided on the second housing part. Advantageously, the first braking element and / or the second braking element can be reversibly and detachably connected to the respective housing part. This allows the braking elements to be easily replaced.

[0018] In principle, the braking device can be designed as a shoe brake. However, according to an advantageous embodiment, a particularly efficient braking effect is achieved by the braking device being a multi-disk brake, wherein the first braking element is formed by at least one first disc and the second braking element by at least one second disc.

[0019] According to an advantageous embodiment, the brake housing can have a recess for accommodating at least one fluid connection, in particular a hydraulic connection, of the rotating device. The recess can completely penetrate a housing wall of the brake housing. This makes the fluid connection(s) of the rotating device easily accessible from the outside.

[0020] One of these fluid connections can, for example, serve to supply the rotating device with a fluid, in particular hydraulic fluid. Such a supply connection can, for example, be used to supply the drive of the rotating device with fluid. Furthermore, a fluid connection can serve to supply the working tool with a fluid, in particular hydraulic fluid. Furthermore, fluid connections can be provided for discharging the fluid, for example, from the rotating device and / or from the working tool.

[0021] According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the brake housing has a common recess for several, in particular for all, fluid connections of the rotating device.

[0022] In principle, at least one dedicated fluid connection can be provided on the brake housing instead of a recess. This fluid connection can then be fluidically connected to a corresponding fluid connection on the rotating device via a line extending through the brake housing.

[0023] The invention also relates to a system with a rotating device for a work machine, in particular an excavator or crane, with a cantilever arm and a work tool rotatably mounted on the cantilever arm, wherein the rotating device has a stator which can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the cantilever arm and a rotor which can be rotated about an axis of rotation with respect to the stator, which rotor can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the work tool and can be rotated relative to the stator by an automatic, preferably fluidic, in particular hydraulic, drive and with a braking device as described above, wherein the rotating device is accommodated at least in sections, preferably completely, in the interior of the brake housing.

[0024] Particularly high torque and particularly precise rotation can be achieved by hydraulically driving the rotating device. In particular, the drive of the rotating device can be designed as an axial piston motor or a radial piston motor.

[0025] It is preferably provided that the braking device can be released by applying a fluid, in particular hydraulic fluid, for example by fluidic, in particular hydraulic, application of the means for releasing the braking device.

[0026] To prevent unwanted loss of fluid, a sealing means can be arranged between the first housing part and the second housing part. The sealing means preferably seals off a gap formed between the first housing part and the second housing part from the outside.

[0027] Conveniently, the fluid used to drive the rotating device can also be used to release the braking device. For this purpose, a line, in particular a hydraulic line, for applying pressure to the braking device is preferably fluidically connected to a line, in particular a hydraulic line, for driving the rotating device. This simplifies the system design.

[0028] According to an advantageous embodiment, the line for applying pressure to the braking device fluidically connects a fluid connection, in particular a hydraulic connection, provided on the brake housing with a pressure chamber of the means for releasing the braking device. In other words, the brake housing has a connection for supplying fluid to the means for releasing the braking device. Furthermore, a further connection for discharging the fluid from the means for releasing the braking device can be provided on the brake housing, which connection is also fluidly connected to the means for releasing the braking device via a line.

[0029] Preferably, the respective line extends inside a housing wall of the brake housing, in particular in the first housing part of the brake housing associated with the stator. This enables a simple design of the braking device.

[0030] The invention is described below purely by way of example using a possible embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. They show: Fig. 1 a longitudinal section along a first plane of a system with a braking device according to a first embodiment and a rotating device accommodated inside a brake housing of the braking device, Fig. 2 a longitudinal section along a second level of the system of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 a longitudinal section of a braking device according to a second embodiment without a rotating device accommodated therein.

[0031] Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show various longitudinal sectional views of a system with a rotating device 10 for a work machine not shown in the drawings and a braking device 12 for the rotating device 10 designed according to a first embodiment.

[0032] The work machine can be, for example, an excavator or a crane. The rotating device 10 serves for the rotatable attachment of a work tool (not shown) to a boom arm (also not shown) of the work machine. For this purpose, the rotating device 10 comprises a stator 14 that can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the boom arm and a rotor 16 that can be rotated relative to the stator 14 about a rotation axis A and that can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the work tool.

[0033] Furthermore, the rotating device 10 comprises a rotary union 17 arranged radially within the stator 14 and rotating with the rotor 16, which serves to supply the working tool with hydraulic fluid. For this purpose, several supply hydraulic lines 26 are provided in the rotary union 17, which fluidically communicate with annular bores 27 provided in the stator 14 ( Fig. 2).

[0034] The rotor 16 is rotatably mounted on the stator 14 by means of several bearings 18, which can be designed, for example, as rolling bearings.

[0035] To rotate the rotor 16 relative to the stator 14, an automatic drive is provided, which in the present embodiment is designed as a hydraulic drive. Specifically, the drive in the present embodiment is designed as a so-called "internally" actuated hydraulic radial piston motor, in which the stator 14 is arranged substantially radially within the rotor 16. Such a drive is generally known and comprises a plurality of drive pistons 20 displaceable by means of hydraulic fluid, each of which is guided in radial bores 22 provided for this purpose in the stator 14. The radial bores 22 are arranged in a star shape with respect to the axis of rotation A, so that the rotor 16 is set in rotation by alternating, sequential displacement of the drive pistons 20.

[0036] For the displacement of the drive pistons 20 by means of hydraulic fluid, hydraulic lines 24 are formed inside the stator 14, via which the radial bores 22 for the displacement of the drive pistons 20 can be filled and emptied ( Fig. 2).

[0037] Instead of the internally actuated radial piston motor described here, a different drive can also be used. For example, a hydraulic radial piston motor actuated from the outside can be used. In this case, the drive pistons are guided in a stator arranged radially outward relative to the rotor. Alternatively, the rotating device 10 can also be designed as an axial piston motor. In an axial piston motor, the drive pistons are displaceable not radially, but parallel to the rotational axis A.

[0038] To brake the rotor 16, the braking device 12 has a braking device 28. In the present system, the braking device 28 is not part of the rotating device 10, but rather a separate brake housing 30, which essentially completely accommodates the rotating device 10 within its interior. Specifically, the brake housing 30 is designed in two parts, with a first housing part 32 of the brake housing 30 being connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the stator 14, and a second housing part 34 being connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the rotor 16.

[0039] The first housing part 32 comprises a hollow cylindrical section 36, the end face of which is connected to a cover section 40 by means of screws 38 ( Fig. 1). Furthermore, the first housing part 32 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the stator 14 of the rotating device 10 via the cover section 40 by means of a plurality of screw connections 41 distributed around the rotation axis A and spaced apart from one another in the direction of rotation ( Fig. 2). By detaching the cover section 40 from the hollow cylindrical section 36, easy access to the rotating device 10 is possible.

[0040] The second housing part 34 is designed in the form of a plate 39 and is connected to the rotor 16 in a rotationally fixed manner via a plurality of screw connections 45 distributed around the axis of rotation A and spaced from one another in the direction of rotation. In the illustrated embodiment, the plate 39 is screwed to the rotor 16 from the inside. The screw connections 45 are accessible from the inside by removing the cover section 40. In principle, however, the plate 39 can also be screwed to the rotor 16 from the outside. The plate 39 has a passage 47 located radially inward with respect to the axis of rotation A, which passage allows access to the supply hydraulic lines 26 provided for the working tool.

[0041] Just like the brake housing 30, the braking device 28 is designed in two parts and has a first braking element 42 provided on the first housing part 32 and a second braking element 44 provided on the second housing part 34.

[0042] In the present embodiment, the braking device 28 is designed in the form of a multi-disk brake with a plurality of discs, wherein the discs form first and second braking elements 42, 44 of the braking device 30. The discs surround the rotational axis A and are formed alternately on the first housing part 32 and the second housing part 34, viewed in the direction of the rotational axis A.

[0043] In the illustrated embodiment, the outer plates are formed on a notch 49 of the hollow cylindrical section 36 of the first housing part 32, which extends in the direction of rotation. The inner plates provided on the second housing part 34 are supported by an annular projection 51 extending from the plate 39 in the axial direction into the interior of the brake housing 30. The plates formed on the first housing part 32 extend radially inward as outer plates, whereas the plates formed on the second housing part 34 extend radially outward as inner plates.

[0044] By axial displacement in the direction of the rotational axis A, the lamellae come into frictional engagement with one another, whereby a rotation of the rotor 16 connected to the second housing part 34 with respect to the stator 14 connected to the first housing part 32 is braked.

[0045] The braking device 12 is designed such that the braking device 28 is actively braking when the rotating device 10 is not driven, i.e., not hydraulically actuated. For this purpose, a spring means 46 is provided, which applies a spring force in the axial direction to the braking device 28 such that the discs of the disc brake are pressed against each other.

[0046] In the present embodiment, the spring means 46 is formed by a plurality of disc spring stacks 48 distributed around the rotational axis A and spaced apart from one another in the direction of rotation. The disc spring stacks 48 each comprise a plurality of disc springs 50 axially stacked one above the other and aligned in an alternating direction. In the drawings, Fig. 1 only one disc spring stack 48 is shown.

[0047] To release the braking device 28 against the spring force of the spring means 46 upon activation of the rotating device 10, a means 52 is provided, which is designed as an annular piston 54 coaxially surrounding the rotation axis A. The annular piston 54 can be acted upon by hydraulic fluid to release the braking device 30 and has a circumferential groove 56 which, together with the brake housing 30, forms a pressure chamber 58 designed as an annular chamber for receiving the hydraulic fluid. The pressure chamber 58 is sealed against unwanted hydraulic fluid loss by two rotary ring seals 60 accommodated by the rotary ring seals 60. The rotary ring seals 60 are spaced apart from one another in the axial direction and thus seal the pressure chamber 58 above and below.

[0048] Furthermore, to prevent an undesired loss of hydraulic fluid from the brake housing 30, a sealing means 61 is arranged between the first housing part 32 and the second housing part 34. In the present exemplary embodiment, the sealing means 61 is designed as an axial-radial sealing ring and seals a gap 65 formed between the first housing part 32 and the second housing part 34 to the outside. The sealing means 61 is arranged radially outside the braking device 28 with respect to the axis of rotation A. In principle, additionally or alternatively, a further sealing means can also be provided between the first housing part 32 and the second housing part 34, which is arranged radially inside the braking device 28.

[0049] In order for the braking device 28 to be released upon activation of the rotating device 10, the present system provides that the hydraulic fluid used to activate the drive is also used for the axial displacement of the annular piston 54. For this purpose, a hydraulic line 62 fluidly communicating with the pressure chamber 58 is fluidly connected to a hydraulic line (not shown in the drawings) for supplying the drive of the rotating device 10.

[0050] The hydraulic line 62 connected to the pressure chamber 58 is formed within a housing wall 64 of the hollow cylindrical section 36 of the first housing part 32 and is supplied with hydraulic fluid via a fluid connection 68 formed on the rotating device 10, which serves to supply the rotating device 10 with hydraulic fluid ( Fig. 1 and Fig. 2). More precisely, the hydraulic line 62 leading to the pressure chamber 58 is connected to the hydraulic line supplying the rotating device 10 with hydraulic fluid via a fluid connection 70 formed in the brake housing 30.

[0051] Specifically, the fluid connection 70 of the hydraulic line 62 connected to the pressure chamber 58 is provided in a recess 63 provided in the housing wall 64 for receiving the fluid connection 68 of the rotating device. The recess 63 serves to ensure that the fluid connection 68 of the rotating device 10, as well as other fluid connections (not shown) of the rotating device 10, are accessible from the outside for supplying fluid to the working tool and / or for removing fluid from the rotating device 10 or the working tool.

[0052] In the illustrated embodiment, the recess 63 is provided in the first housing section 32 of the brake housing 30, specifically as a notch in the end face of the hollow cylindrical section 36 facing the cover section 40, wherein the notch is delimited in the axial direction by the cover section 40 in the assembled state of the braking device 12.

[0053] Based on Fig. 1 further shows that the fluid connection 70 of the hydraulic line 62 leading to the pressure chamber 58 is sealed against the loss of hydraulic fluid by an annular seal 72. Furthermore, a throttle valve 74 is provided at the beginning of the hydraulic line 62 at the fluid connection 70. This throttle valve, together with a throttle valve 66 arranged between the hydraulic line 62 and the pressure chamber 58, serves to set a desired working pressure of the annular piston 54.

[0054] Fig.3 shows a braking device 12 designed according to a second embodiment, without a rotating device 10 accommodated therein. The braking device 12 of the second embodiment corresponds essentially to the braking device 12 of the first embodiment, wherein the rotary ring seals 60 provided on the annular piston 54 are not arranged on a radially outward-facing side of the annular piston 54, but on a radially inward-facing side of the annular piston 54.

[0055] The rotary ring seals 60 described in connection with the second embodiment can be provided on the annular piston 54 not only as an alternative, but also in addition to the rotary ring seals 60 described with reference to the first embodiment.

[0056] Furthermore, in the braking device 12 of the second embodiment, a bearing 76 is provided between the first housing part 32 and the second housing part 34. This bearing is designed in the form of a needle bearing and is arranged in the axial direction between the first housing part 32 and the second housing part 34, as viewed in the direction of the rotation axis A. Such a bearing can also be provided in the braking device 12 of the first embodiment. List of reference symbols 10 Rotating device 12 Braking device 14 Stator 16 Rotor 17 Rotary union 18 camps 20 drive pistons 22 Radial bore 24 Hydraulic line 26 Supply hydraulic line 27 ring bore 28 Braking device 30 brake housing 32 first housing part 34 second housing part 36 hollow cylindrical section 38 screws 39 plate 40 lid section 41 screw connection 42 first brake element 44 second brake element 45 screw connection 46 spring means 47 passage 48 disc spring stacks 49 Notch 50 disc springs 51 ring projection 52 funds 54 ring pistons 56 grooves 58 pressure chamber 60 rotary ring seal 61 Sealants 62 Line 63 recess 64 Housing wall 65 gap 66 throttle valve 68 Fluid connection 70 Fluid connection 72 ring seal 74 throttle valve 76 warehouses

Claims

[1] Braking device (12) for a rotating device (10) of a work machine, in particular an excavator or crane, with a cantilever arm and a working tool rotatably mounted on the cantilever arm, wherein the rotating device (10) has a stator (14) which can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the cantilever arm and a rotor (16) which can be rotated about an axis of rotation (A) with respect to the stator (14), which rotor can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the working tool and can be rotated relative to the stator (14) by an automatic, preferably fluidic, in particular hydraulic, drive, and wherein the braking device (12) comprises a braking device (28) acting between the rotor (16) and the stator (14), characterized bythat the braking device (12) comprises a two-part brake housing (30) designed to accommodate the rotor (16) and the stator (14) and having a first housing part (32) and a second housing part (34), wherein the first housing part (32) is rotatably connected to the stator (14) and the second housing part (34) is rotatably connected to the rotor (16), and wherein the braking device (28) is effective between the first housing part (32) and the second housing part (34). [2] Braking device (12) according to claim 1, characterized by that the braking device (28) is actively braking when the rotating device (10) is not driven, preferably not subjected to fluidic pressure, in particular not subjected to hydraulic pressure. [3] Braking device (12) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that a means (52) is provided which, upon activation of the rotating device (10), causes the braking device (28) to be released. [4] Braking device (12) according to claim 3, characterized bythat the braking device (28) can be released against the spring force of a spring means (46). [5] Braking device (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the braking device (28) has a first braking element (42) and a second braking element (44) and that the first braking element (42) of the braking device (28) is provided on the first housing part (32) and the second braking element (44) of the braking device (28), which cooperates with the first braking element (42), is provided on the second housing part (34). [6] Braking device (12) according to claim 5, characterized by that the braking device (28) is a multi-disk brake, wherein the first braking element (42) is formed by at least one first disc and the second braking element (44) is formed by at least one second disc. [7] Braking device (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the brake housing (30) has a recess for receiving at least one fluid connection (68), in particular a hydraulic connection, of the rotating device (10). [8] System with a rotating device (10) for a work machine, in particular an excavator or crane, with a cantilever arm and a work tool rotatably mounted on the cantilever arm, wherein the rotating device (10) has a stator (14) which can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the cantilever arm and a rotor (16) which can be rotated about an axis of rotation (A) with respect to the stator (14), which rotor can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the work tool and can be rotated relative to the stator (14) by an automatic, preferably fluidic, in particular hydraulic, drive, and with a braking device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotating device (12) is accommodated at least in sections, preferably completely, in the interior of the brake housing (30). [9] System according to claim 8, characterized bythat the rotating device (10) can be driven fluidically, in particular hydraulically, in particular that the drive of the rotating device (10) is designed as an axial piston motor or as a radial piston motor. [10] System according to claim 11, characterized by that the braking device (28) can be released by applying a fluid, in particular hydraulic fluid. [11] System according to claim 10, characterized by that a line (62), in particular a hydraulic line, is provided for acting on the braking device (28), which is fluidically connected to a line, in particular a hydraulic line, for driving the rotating device (10).

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