Method for determining a lightning protection zone of a lightning protection air-catching system

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for determining a lightning protection zone of a lightning protection system (1). The method comprises the steps of recording an installed lightning protection system (1) and an adjacent environment to be protected from lightning strikes using a recording device (9) or selecting a lightning protection system (1) from several lightning protection systems, generating a virtual lightning protection zone (13) around the lightning protection system (1) covered by the lightning protection system (1), and checking whether a device (7) that is at least partially unprotected from lightning strikes and / or at least one unprotected sub-area exists in the environment to be protected from lightning strikes.

Description

The invention relates to a method for determining a lightning protection region of a lightning protection capture arrangement.Lightning protection catch arrangements have proven themselves and are part of an external lightning protection. They represent strike points defined for lightning. However, planning the correct lightning protection catch arrangement for a structural installation, for example, is often complicated. Errors in planning can also arise.The object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a method for determining a lightning protection area of a lightning protection catch arrangement, preferably on site or on a construction site, is to be provided, which is applicable extremely quickly on the one hand and particularly safely on the other hand.This object is achieved according to the invention by the features specified in the independent claims 1 and 13. The essence of the invention lies in creating a virtual lightning protection area to be covered by the lightning protection catch device around the installed lightning protection catch arrangement. Thus, a simple check is possible as to whether an at least partially unprotected device and / or at least one subregion unprotected against lightning strike exists in the environment to be protected against lightning strike.For selecting a lightning protection capture arrangement from a plurality of lightning protection capture arrangements, for example, an (internal or external) database or an electronic catalog is used. The plurality of lightning protection catch arrangements differ from one another, for example in terms of their dimensioning or shape. For the selected lightning protection catch arrangement, a base point in the environment to be protected is preferably defined.The lightning protection catch arrangement has in particular the task of defining a possible lightning strike point or of avoiding an uncontrolled lightning strike at another point. It preferably conducts an electric lightning current through arresters into an earth, which in turn advantageously conducts an electric overvoltage at least for the most part into the ground.The lightning protection catch arrangement can use, for example, already existing metallic parts of a structural installation, such as a building. These include, for example, claddings made of sheet metal on outer walls and on roofs, reinforcements of reinforced concrete structures, rain gutters, decorations, railings and pipes and containers. For this purpose, these metallic parts must have the material cross sections or thicknesses provided for the lightning protection catch arrangement.Alternatively or additionally, at least one separate lightning protection catch device, such as lightning protection catch rod, lightning protection catch tip and / or lightning protection catch cable, can also be used for lightning protection, which is preferred. The lightning protection catch arrangement preferably comprises at least one corresponding lightning protection catch device and / or at least one already existing metallic part, in particular a structural installation. If several are present, the lightning protection catching devices can be structurally identical or different.The virtual lightning protection area is not actually present. However, it appears genuine and is displayed, for example, on a display unit, such as a display, screen, touchscreen. The virtual lightning protection area is preferably represented via augmented reality.The device to be protected from lightning strike is, for example, a structure such as a roof structure. The structure is, for example, a component of an air conditioning device, such as an air supply device, an exhaust air device, a heating device. The device is, for example, a safety device such as a smoke or heat extraction (RWA, NRA), a building radio device (BOS) or the like. The environment to be protected can contain exactly one device or several, identical or different devices.The environment to be protected extends around the lightning protection catch arrangement, for example. A range is dependent on specific values or parameters, such as lightning protection class, building height, height of the lightning protection catch arrangement, sum of building height and height of the lightning protection catch device and / or protection angle (depending on the reference plane). The following length specifications or ranges are correspondingly obtained for the individual lightning protection classes: lightning protection class I: about 0.2 m to 10 m, lightning protection class II: about 0.2 m to 15 m, lightning protection class III: about 0.2 m to 23 m.The lightning protected or protected portion is exposed to the environment and is a component thereof. It extends, for example, horizontally, vertically and / or obliquely with respect to a horizontal. Preferably, the environment to be protected is completely protected. There is preferably no unprotected subregion in the environment.Advantageously, a plurality of reference planes, such as on the roof or to a floor, are also possible.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.The accommodation means according to dependent claim 2 permits a particularly simple and reliable and rapid accommodation of an installed lightning protection catch arrangement or an environment to be protected against lightning strike.The embodiment according to dependent claim 3 is extremely user-friendly. The receiving means is thus easily transportable or transportable to its place of use.According to dependent claim 4, the virtual lightning protection area can be generated quickly and reliably. The computing unit is preferably a component of the mobile device. The recording means and the computing unit are expediently in use in a direct or indirect data or signal connection with one another.The computer-assisted test according to dependent claim 5 is particularly quick and user-friendly. Special skills in lightning protection are not necessary. The manual or manual testing according to dependent claim 5 results in a method which can be carried out extremely cost-effectively. Individual adaptations are thus possible, for example.The embodiment according to dependent claim 6 is again extremely user-friendly. A user is able, for example, to identify optically easily whether there is a device at least partially unprotected from lightning strike and / or at least one subregion unprotected from lightning strike in the environment to be protected from lightning strike. For example, an at least partially unprotected device and / or at least one subregion unprotected against lightning strike is highlighted in the environment optically, such as in color, for example in red. Alternatively or additionally, for example, at least one symbol, a graphic or a text indicates a device which is at least partially unprotected against lightning strikes and / or at least one subregion in the environment which is unprotected against lightning strikes. Alternatively or additionally, it is indicated, for example, that no device at least partially unprotected against lightning strike and / or no subregion unprotected against lightning strike exists in the environment to be protected against lightning strike.Alternatively or additionally, for example, the result of the checking is communicated differently, such as acoustically and / or vibratingly.The method according to dependent claim 7 is extremely clear or well understood. The display unit preferably corresponds to the display unit for displaying a result of the checking. It is expedient if a colored representation is effected.It is advantageous if the display unit is part of the mobile device. Possible collisions can thus be identified easily, in particular on site. Preferably, the display unit, the recording means and the arithmetic unit are in direct or indirect data or signal connection with one another.Preferably, methods standardized according to dependent claim 8 are used.The angle protection method is useful for most simple-shape structural installations or buildings. In the angle-of-protection method, lightning protection takes place within a spatially limited environment below the lightning protection capture arrangement. This is defined as a cone, in particular a circular cone, having a vertical axis and an angle at a cone tip of the cone. The angle is dependent on the height of the lightning protection catch arrangement and a radius of a lightning ball. The cone may be a straight or oblique cone.The lightning ball method is a universal planning method, which is recommended in particular for geometrically complicated application cases. It is based on an electro-geometric model. The lightning ball method is a decisive method for determining entry points that are considered for a direct lightning strike. It defines the area at risk as the contact area of a sphere whose center is the peak of the flash in the last phase before the lightning strike. The flash tip typically searches for the shortest path to the next grounded component, such as to a device that / s contacts the imaginary flash ball. The distance then corresponds only to the lightning ball radius. The distance to all devices outside the flash ball is greater than the radius. A strike in this case is (almost) ruled out.There are four lightning protection classes, each of which has different probabilities that a peak value of an electric lightning current is below a predefined electric current intensity. For each lightning protection class, a lightning ball having a certain lightning ball radius is defined. Lightning protection class 1 stands for the highest protective effect. The smaller the lightning ball radius of the lightning ball is assumed, the more potential lightning strike points are detected. The lightning ball method can be applied by rolling a ball over a model of the structural installation to scale or with the aid of the geometry.According to dependent claim 9, the virtual lightning protection region is (substantially) spatially delimited by a conical lateral surface. The conical lateral surface preferably extends between a, for example, circular, base surface and a cone tip.The virtual lightning protection area according to dependent claim 10 is spatially delimited by straight lines and / or curved lines. The straight lines preferably extend in a straight line between the tip of the cone and the outer edge of the base surface. The curved lines preferably run between the tip of the cone and the outer edge of the base surface and are preferably curved inward, i.e. concave, in the direction of a cone axis.For the input according to dependent claim 11, an input unit is preferably provided. The input unit is preferably used with the recording means and the arithmetic unit as well as the display unit in a direct or indirect signal or data connection. The input unit is advantageously a component of the mobile device. It is embodied, for example, as a keyboard, switch, touchscreen, key, voice input unit or the like. It is expedient if the input unit and the display unit are identical, as in the case of a touchscreen. The wind load zone is preferably optionally specified or specified for monitoring the erected lightning protection catch arrangement. In particular, a base or lightning protection catch arrangement holder can be tested for stability.The embodiment according to dependent claim 12 is extremely practical. It can be later understood or monitored, for example, what the test has given in its time. It is advantageous if input values or information are also documented. The documentation is preferably a photo documentation. Object and / or location data are preferably also created. Documentation is advantageously exported.The proposal according to dependent claim 14 is carried out, for example, via a display unit.Dependent claim 14 or the embodiment thereof preferably also forms a preferred development of the method according to independent claim 1.Preferred embodiments of the invention are described by way of example below with reference to the attached drawing. The following are shown: FIG. 1 shows an environment to be protected against lightning protection together with a device to be protected and a lightning protection capture arrangement and a virtual lightning protection region according to the method according to the invention, FIG. 2 shows a simplified view of a mobile device for carrying out the method according to the invention, FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, wherein, for illustration reasons, a larger device is present in the environment to be protected and is therefore unprotected, in comparison with FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3, wherein another lightning protection catch arrangement is used, so that the device is protected in the environment to be protected, FIG. 5 shows an environment to be protected against lightning protection together with a device to be protected and a lightning protection capture arrangement and a virtual lightning protection area according to the method according to the invention, wherein the building has an attika, FIG. 6 shows an environment to be protected against lightning protection together with a device to be protected and a lightning protection capture arrangement and a virtual lightning protection region according to the method according to the invention corresponding to FIG. 1, wherein the lightning ball method is used instead of the protection angle method, FIG. 7 is a side view of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 7, wherein a larger device is used here compared to FIGS. 6, 7 and the device is unprotectedReferring first to FIG. 1, a lightning protection catch arrangement 1 illustrated therein comprises a lightning protection catch rod 2 which runs straight. The lightning protection catch assembly 1 also has a base 3 which holds the lightning protection catch rod 2. Lightning protection catch rod 2 extends vertically upward from base 3 and has a free upper tip 4 opposite base 3.On the side facing away from the free tip 4, the base 3 has a lower base 5. the base 3 stands with its base 5 on a building (only partially shown) to be protected from lightning strike, such as on its roof 6.Adjacent to the lightning protection catch arrangement 1 or next to it, an air conditioning device 7 is arranged on the roof 6. The lightning protection catch arrangement 1 and the air conditioning device 7 are arranged, for example, at a distance from one another. The air conditioning device 7 is, for example, box-like and comprises, for example, a housing, a motor, a rotationally drivable impeller, an air inlet and / or air outlet. It is part of a building air conditioning arrangement and is capable of supplying supply air to the building and / or of discharging exhaust air therefrom.It is now possible to check, by means of a mobile device 8, shown in a greatly simplified manner, by way of example (cf. FIG. 2 ), whether the air conditioning device 7 or the building is protected from lightning strike.The mobile device 8 has at least one recording means 9. It also comprises an input unit 11 and a computing unit 12 and a housing. The recording means 9, the display unit 10 and the input unit 11 as well as the arithmetic unit 12 are in use in a direct or indirect signal or data connection with one another. The mobile device 8 further comprises a power source, such as a battery, accumulator, or a power connection for supplying power. It advantageously also has a memory and / or a transmitting / receiving unit, in particular for a data transfer.For the testing, the height of lightning protection catch arrangement 1, a lightning protection class, a building height of the building, in particular with the height of lightning protection catch arrangement 1, and a wind load zone are initially input into mobile device 8 via input unit 11. These values or information are processed and taken into account by the mobile device 8.The user then takes an image of the lightning protection capture arrangement 1 and of an environment adjacent thereto with the mobile device 8 via the recording means 9 thereof. The base 3 or a lower end of the lightning protection arresting rod 2 is sighted and fixed in the space. Preferably, care is taken to accommodate the base 3 and the free tip 4. The air conditioning device 7 is also accommodated correspondingly with the mobile device 8.The mobile device 8 processes the image data. Subsequently, it generates a virtual lightning protection area around lightning protection capture arrangement 1 via its computing unit 12, to which area the reference sign 13 is assigned in FIG. 1. According to FIG. 1, the virtual lightning protection region 13 is designed as a straight circular cone, which has a circular, horizontally running base area 14 and above it a cone tip 15 and a cone lateral surface 17 between them.The virtual lightning protection region 13 is generated in such a way that the cone tip 15 coincides (substantially) with the free tip 4. The base 14 advantageously extends around the base 3 or adjacent to the roof 6.The virtual lightning protection area 13 is displayed on the display unit 10 and is easily recognizable by the user. The virtual lightning protection region 13 is shown, for example, by dashed lines, dotted lines or otherwise, in particular not covering. Furthermore, the environment protected from lightning strike, i.e. also the air conditioning device 7, and the lightning protection capture arrangement 1 are also shown on the display unit 10.The display unit 10 displays or identifies whether the air conditioning device 7 according to FIG. 1 is located completely within the virtual lightning protection area 13 and is thus protected against lightning strike-in. This is the case in FIG. 1. In particular, the air conditioning device 7 extends below or within the conical lateral surface 17.In the case of the application according to FIG. 3, the air conditioning device 7 is higher than in FIG. 1. This has the consequence that the air conditioning device 7 passes through the virtual lightning protection region 13 or the conical lateral surface 17 from below. There is a corresponding collision. The building or the air conditioning device 7 is thus unprotected or not sufficiently protected from lightning strike-in. This is easily visually recognizable on the display unit 10. The corresponding check can be carried out in a computer-aided and / or manual manner, as mentioned.FIG. 4 shows an alternative lightning protection arresting arrangement 1 in order to sufficiently protect the air conditioning device 7 according to FIG. 3 or the building from lightning strike or electrical lightning current. In comparison with FIGS. 1, 3, this comprises two lightning protection arresting rods 2 which are arranged at a distance from one another and extend vertically parallel to one another. The lightning protection arresting rods 2 are preferably identical and are held by bases 3.Between lightning protection arresting rods 2 there is (substantially) centrally the air conditioning device 7 according to FIG. 3.The heights of the lightning protection arresting rod 2, the lightning protection class, building height, in particular with the height of the lightning protection arresting arrangement 1, and the wind load zone are again entered analogously into the mobile device 8 via the input unit 11.The lightning protection catch arrangement 1 and the environment are accommodated via the accommodation means 9. The lightning protection arresting rods 2 are sighted at the bottom or the bases 3 are sighted.The mobile device 8 generates a virtual lightning protection area 13 accordingly around the lightning protection arresting rods 2. a half cone extends around each lightning protection arresting rod 2, wherein the curved cone lateral surfaces 17 thereof are facing away from each other. A three-sided prism extends between the cones, with its upper straight tip edge aligned with the free tips 4.As FIG. 4 shows, the air conditioning device 7 is located completely within the virtual lightning protection area 13, which is also easily recognizable via the display unit 10. The check can be done with computer assistance and / or manually.Referring to Fig. 5, a building has an athletic 16 which projects upwardly from the roof 6. Lightning protection catch arrangement 1 is again located on roof 6 adjacent to the attika 16.First, a height of lightning protection trap assembly 1, a lightning protection class, building height, particularly with the height of lightning protection trap assembly 1, building attica height and wind load zone are input.As in the previous applications, the lightning protection catch arrangement 1 is then accommodated together with the environment to be protected against lightning strike.The mobile device 8 again generates a virtual lightning protection area 13 in the form of a lightning protection cone. The lightning protection cone has different tip angles. Toward the adjacent attika 16, the apex angle is preferably smaller than away from the adjacent attika 16. Partial areas unprotected against lightning strike are again easily recognizable via the display unit 10. The check can be carried out with computer assistance and / or manually by the user.Instead of the guard angle method, the flash ball method can alternatively or additionally be used. This is illustrated in FIGS. 6 to 8. First, the height of lightning protection trap assembly 1, a lightning protection class, a building height, especially the height of lightning protection trap assembly 1, and a wind load zone are input. These values or information are processed and taken into account by the mobile device 8.Lightning protection catch arrangement 1 and the environment are according to FIG. 1 and are subsequently taken up again with mobile device 8.The device 8 then generates a virtual lightning protection ball, which is displayed by the display unit 10 together with the air conditioning device 7 and the lightning protection capture arrangement 1. As FIGS. 6, 7 show, the air conditioning device 7 is located outside or below the lightning protection ball. The air conditioning device 7 or the building is consequently protected from lightning. A corresponding check can be carried out with computer assistance and / or manually by the user.According to FIG. 8, the air conditioning device 7 penetrates into the lightning protection ball from below. A collision is present. This is displayed on the display unit 10. The air conditioning device 7 or the building is not sufficiently protected against lightning strike-in. A corresponding check is carried out with computer assistance and / or manually.The step of inputting the values or information and the step of recording can also be carried out in interchanged fashion, for example.Alternatively or additionally, a suitable lightning protection capture arrangement 1 which is to be installed or mounted first can also be selected from a provided selection via the mobile device 8 in order to plan a device 7 to be protected or an environment to be protected.First, a lightning protection class, building height, building attica height, if any, and a wind load zone are entered. These values or information are processed and taken into account by the mobile device 8.The environment together with a device 7 to be protected, if present, is then taken up again with the mobile device 8.Thereafter, the device 8 creates a virtual lightning protection area 13 which is displayed by the display unit 10 together with the device 7, if present, and the selected lightning protection capture arrangement 1 offering sufficient lightning protection. Preferably, a plurality of lightning protection catching devices can be assigned and corresponding virtual lightning protection regions 13 can be generated or displayed.The step of inputting the values or information and the step of recording can also be carried out in interchanged fashion, for example.The mobile device 8 preferably uses a corresponding program. It is capable of carrying out the process described.Combinations of the application cases or embodiments are possible.

Claims

Method for determining a lightning protection area of a lightning protection capturing arrangement (1), comprising - receiving an installed lightning protection capturing arrangement (1) and an environment to be protected against lightning by means of a receiving means (9) adjacent thereto or selecting a lightning protection capturing arrangement (1) from a plurality of lightning protection capturing arrangements and receiving an environment to be protected against lightning by said lightning protection capturing arrangement, - generating a virtual lightning protection area (13) covered by the lightning protection capturing arrangement (1) around the lightning protection capturing arrangement (1), and - checking whether an at least partially unprotected device (7) and / or at least one portion unprotected against lightning exists in the environment to be protected against lightning.Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the recording means (9) is an image recording means and / or video recording means, in particular a camera or a sensor.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the recording means (9) is part of a mobile device (8), such as smartphone, tablet, laptop, wearable.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the virtual lightning protection region (13) is generated by means of a computing unit (12).Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the checking of whether an at least partially unprotected device (7) against lightning strike and / or at least one subregion unprotected against lightning strike exists in the environment to be protected against lightning strike is carried out in a computer-assisted and / or manual manner.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bydisplaying a result of the checking.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bya display unit (10) for displaying the virtual lightning protection region (13) and the lightning protection capture arrangement (1) and the environment to be protected against lightning strike.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the virtual lightning protection region (13) is determined according to the protection angle method and / or lightning ball method.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the virtual lightning protection region (13) is at least partially spatially delimited by a conical lateral surface (17) or substantially by a conical lateral surface (17).Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the virtual lightning protection region (13) is spatially delimited by straight lines and / or curved lines.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized byinputting and taking into account at least one dimension of the lightning protection catching arrangement (1), such as height, a lightning protection class, building height, in particular with height of the lightning protection catching arrangement (1), building attika height, if an attika is present, and / or wind load zone.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bydominating the checking whether there is an at least partially unprotected device (7) from lightning strike and / or at least one subregion unprotected from lightning strike in the environment to be protected from lightning strike.Method for determining a lightning protection area of a lightning protection capture arrangement (1), comprising - recording an environment to be protected against lightning strike adjacent to a lightning protection capture arrangement (1) to be installed by means of a recording means (9), and - generating a virtual lightning protection area (13) around the lightning protection capture arrangement (1) to be installed in the environment to be protected against lightning strike, so that in the environment to be protected against lightning strike a device (7) is completely protected against lightning strike and / or all subareas of the environment are protected against lightning strike.Method according to claim 13, characterised bycomprising at least one lightning protection catch arrangement (1) to be installed, in particular with respect to placement and / or at least one dimension, in particular height, in the environment to be protected from lightning strike.Apparatus for performing a method according to any of the preceding claims, comprising: a. a receiving means (9) for at least receiving the environment to be protected from lightning strike.

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