Radar system

Abstract

The invention relates to a radar system (1) with at least one antenna unit (25) and a vehicle component (2), wherein several antenna elements (7) of a respective antenna unit (25) are arranged on the vehicle component (2) for emitting radar radiation (3) in the form of a radar beam (4). The invention provides that the antenna elements (7) are mounted as an antenna array (6) on a carrier body (8) of the respective antenna unit (25) arranged at a tilt angle (10) to the surface of the vehicle component (2), and that the emitted radar radiation (3) is polarized in a direction parallel (16) to the plane of incidence on the vehicle component (2) or to the ground. Furthermore, a control network (17) is provided for phase-shifted control of the antenna elements (7) with such a phase shift that the radar beam (4) is oriented in a desired reference direction (5).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a radar system according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] Driver assistance systems are increasingly being used in vehicles to support or relieve the driver in certain driving situations. These systems are now used in a wide variety of forms, such as lane keeping assist, emergency braking assist, overtaking assist, adaptive cruise control, turning assist, and parking assist.

[0003] Such driver assistance systems include sensor systems suitable for the specific application, designed to emit and detect electromagnetic radiation in different wavelength or frequency ranges. Radar systems with one or more antenna units are often used for this purpose. These systems emit high-frequency electromagnetic waves via integrated radar antennas, receive reflections from the vehicle's surroundings, and analyze them.

[0004] The radar antennas of the radar system's antenna unit(s), protected by so-called radomes, are designed to meet application-specific requirements regarding spatial radiation pattern, reception characteristics, and frequency response. Since the antenna unit(s) are typically installed concealed behind plastic parts of the vehicle body, the radar antennas must transmit not only through the radome or housing of the antenna unit(s), but also through these plastic parts of the vehicle body. Therefore, the radome of the antenna unit(s) and the plastic parts of the vehicle body are designed to be as transparent as possible at the radar frequencies of the radar antennas used.

[0005] The antenna types typically used as radar antennas radiate high-frequency electromagnetic waves primarily perpendicular to their surface. This means that the antenna units are usually installed perpendicular to their radiation direction, while the plastic layers in front of them are usually oriented at a slight angle to this radiation direction. This prevents standing waves from forming between the surface of the radar antennas and the surface of the radome on the one hand, and the plastic layers of the plastic parts on the other.

[0006] To avoid this problem, antenna units are also used in which the radar antennas are not installed behind plastic parts of the vehicle body, but instead directly on a designated vehicle component, such as the windshield of the vehicle.

[0007] German patent application DE 10 2018 212 287 A1 discloses a windshield radar comprising a generator unit and an antenna unit coupled to the generator unit via at least one conductor, with a plurality of spatially distributed individual radiators. The individual radiators of the antenna unit are arranged along an axis that runs at an acute angle to the main propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the antenna unit. The antennas of the antenna unit, arranged linearly along a line, are aligned parallel to the windshield, i.e., the antennas of the antenna unit are arranged at the same angle as the windshield.

[0008] Furthermore, US patent 2016 / 0093944 A1 discloses a radar device of a vehicle designed in the form of a horn as a waveguide, which has a mount and an antenna that emits a transmitting wave from the inside of a multi-layered laminated glass and receives a reflected wave.

[0009] Finally, US patent 2020 / 0393537 A1 describes a radar unit mounted on a windshield for emitting a radar wave and receiving a reflection wave of the radar wave reflected by an object. To adapt the radar waves to the geometric conditions, an adaptation structure with a specific spatial arrangement of geometric adaptation elements is provided.

[0010] The invention is based on the objective of providing, starting from this known prior art, a radar system with at least one antenna unit and with a vehicle component, and in particular a radar system with at least one antenna unit of a vehicle arranged on the windshield of a vehicle, in which the emission and detection of high-frequency electromagnetic waves is realized with advantageous properties.

[0011] This problem is solved according to the invention by a radar system with the features listed in claim 1.

[0012] Advantageous further developments of the radar system according to the invention are part of the further patent claims.

[0013] A vehicle with such a radar system according to the invention is also claimed.

[0014] Any vehicle component can be part of the radar system according to the invention, i.e., interior components of the vehicle, add-on parts of the vehicle, or body components of the vehicle. Vehicle components that can be considered include, for example, vehicle windows such as, in particular, a windshield, a rear window, and side windows, or bumpers, a hood, a tailgate, or body support components such as an A-pillar, a B-pillar, and a C-pillar.

[0015] In particular, vehicle components whose surface has an angle of inclination relative to a preferred reference direction for the radar radiation emitted by the at least one antenna unit of the radar system can be part of the radar system according to the invention. Specifically, these are vehicle components that have a certain acute angle of inclination relative to the vertical direction of the vehicle (the z-direction) and thus, accordingly, a certain acute angle of attack relative to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (the x-direction), which often serves as the preferred reference direction. For example, the windshield of the vehicle typically has an angle of attack of approximately 30° relative to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (the x-direction) and thus an angle of inclination of approximately 60° relative to the vertical direction of the vehicle (the z-direction).

[0016] In the at least one antenna unit of the radar system according to the invention, the antenna elements provided for emitting high-frequency electromagnetic radiation or radar radiation in the form of a radar beam are each arranged as an antenna array on the surface of a vehicle component facing the vehicle interior and are mounted on a (planar) support body designed with a tilt angle relative to the surface of the vehicle component, in particular on a (planar) printed circuit board as the support body. Preferably, the support body is arranged on the surface of the vehicle component facing the vehicle interior at a tilt angle of up to 45° relative to the surface of the vehicle component and is attached there.For example, in the case of a vehicle windshield, the support body is arranged as a vehicle component with a tilt angle of 15° relative to the surface of the vehicle windshield, which typically has an angle of attack of 30°, and is attached to the inside of the windshield, and in particular glued to the inside of the windshield.

[0017] Furthermore, the radar system according to the invention includes a control network through which the antenna elements of the respective antenna unit are controlled in a phase-shifted manner. Depending on the application and the specific antenna elements used, the phase shift in the control of the antenna elements of the respective antenna unit can be achieved by a phase shift of the control current or the control voltage, or of the electromagnetic waves propagating along the feed lines of the antenna elements in their direction.

[0018] The swivel angle required for the radar lobe, necessary for the formation of the emitted radar radiation passing through the vehicle component and thus the radar beam of the radar radiation in the reference preferred direction, and consequently for a radiation direction of the emitted radar radiation in the reference preferred direction, is hereby divided according to the invention into a geometric component by a spatial tilting of the antenna array with the antenna elements and thus of the aperture of the respective antenna unit of the radar system by a certain tilting angle, and into a circuit-related component by a phase shift in the control of the antenna elements of the antenna array.

[0019] These measures virtually increase the "effective" angle of attack of the vehicle component relative to the preferred direction of radar radiation, preferably to such an extent that the effective angle of attack of the vehicle component relative to the reference preferred direction for radar radiation is 90°. In this case, as preferably desired, the radar radiation is emitted in a plane along the reference preferred direction, for example, in a plane along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (x-direction) as the reference preferred direction for radar radiation.

[0020] To fix the mounting body of the respective antenna unit, and in particular a circuit board serving as the mounting body of the respective antenna unit, at the desired tilt angle on the surface of the vehicle component facing the vehicle interior, a suitable bracket can be used. This bracket, with the mounting body and in particular a circuit board serving as the mounting body arranged within it, is positioned and attached to the vehicle component at the desired tilt angle.

[0021] Preferably, this bracket is designed to be radar-absorbing, at least in a sub-area oriented towards the vehicle component, and is coated with a radar-absorbing material or consists of a radar-absorbing material.

[0022] To achieve the desired tilt angle, as an alternative to using a bracket, the support body of the respective antenna unit, and in particular a circuit board as a support body, can also be arranged and fixed to other vehicle components with the desired orientation and tilt.

[0023] Depending on the application of the radar system and depending on the antenna elements of the antenna array used in the respective antenna unit of the radar system, either the control current or the control voltage or the electromagnetic waves traveling in the direction of the antenna elements on the feed lines of the antenna elements are specified for phase-shifted control of the antenna elements of the antenna array by the control network of the radar system.

[0024] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the antenna array with the antenna elements of the respective antenna unit of the radar system is configured as a linear array antenna, in which a small number of antenna elements are arranged one behind the other on the carrier body of the respective antenna unit, which is preferably designed as a printed circuit board. In particular, only a few identical or at least similar antenna elements of the antenna array are arranged one behind the other on a carrier body of the respective antenna unit and optionally monolithically integrated with further electronic components of the respective antenna unit and / or the radar system.

[0025] Preferably, the antenna elements of the antenna array of the respective antenna unit of the radar system are designed as microstrip antennas or as slotted and, in particular, longitudinally slotted rectangular waveguide radiators (surface integrated waveguides SIWs).

[0026] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the antenna elements of the antenna array of the respective antenna unit of the radar system are advantageously designed such that the drive current for the antenna elements of the antenna array is fed into the antenna elements via corresponding contacts from the lower or upper edge of the antenna elements. Due to this direction of feeding the drive current for the antenna elements from the lower or upper edge of the antenna elements, the emitted radar radiation of all antenna elements of the respective antenna unit of the radar system is polarized parallel to the plane of incidence of the radar radiation.This means that the polarization direction of the radar radiation passing through the vehicle component, and thus the orientation of the electric field strength vector of the radar radiation from all antenna elements of the respective antenna unit of the radar system, is parallel to the plane of incidence of the radar radiation. This plane is defined by the normal vector of the surface of the vehicle component onto which the radar radiation strikes and by the wave vector directed along the propagation direction of the radar radiation. This allows the attenuation losses of the emitted radar radiation passing through the vehicle component to be kept quite low.

[0027] Due to the aforementioned arrangement of the control elements for the control current of the antenna elements and the described design of the antenna array of the antenna elements as a linear group antenna, the antenna elements can be very well integrated with other electronic components of the respective antenna unit or the radar system on the carrier body of the respective antenna unit.

[0028] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, an impedance matching layer for the emitted radar radiation is arranged on the surface of the vehicle component of the radar system facing the antenna array with the antenna elements of the respective antenna unit of the radar system. This impedance matching layer is preferably designed as an impedance matching film, which is bonded, in particular, to the inside of the vehicle component of the radar system and thus to the surface of the vehicle component of the radar system facing the antenna elements of the respective antenna unit of the radar system. This significantly reduces reflections and attenuation of the radar radiation passing through the vehicle component.

[0029] To control the antenna elements of the antenna array of the respective antenna unit of the radar system, a parallel transmission network or feed network is preferably provided as the control network of the radar system. This means that the antenna elements of the antenna array of the respective antenna unit of the radar system are interconnected or wired in such a way that a parallel current flow of the control current for the antenna elements of the antenna array of the respective antenna unit of the radar system is realized.

[0030] Another aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle with a radar system according to the features mentioned above or an advantageous embodiment thereof.

[0031] The radar system according to the invention, comprising at least one antenna unit and the vehicle component, combines several advantages: The antenna elements of the respective antenna unit can be installed on the vehicle component without excessively high and unacceptable attenuation losses of the radar radiation emitted by the antenna elements of the respective antenna unit as a radar beam and radiating through the vehicle component, with a design of the radar radiation radiating through the vehicle component that is advantageous for the application of the radar system, without the radar radiation being excessively radiated into the interior of a vehicle.

[0032] In particular, the radar radiation emitted as a radar lobe illuminates a wide angular range in the plane of the preferred reference direction (preferably in the horizontal plane); in the elevation direction, however, only a narrow main lobe is present, and side lobes in other directions are hardly pronounced.

[0033] The antenna elements of the respective antenna unit of the radar system are monolithically integrated as an antenna array on a printed circuit board as the carrier body of the respective antenna unit, together with other electronic components of the respective antenna unit or the radar system, thus keeping the space requirement for the respective antenna unit and therefore also for the radar system low.

[0034] The carrier body of the respective antenna unit, or the circuit board as the carrier body of the respective antenna unit, is arranged and attached to the vehicle component on the surface of the vehicle component facing the vehicle interior at a small distance from the surface of the vehicle component with a low installation height, so that a compact design of the respective antenna unit and thus also of the radar system with a small space requirement is achieved.

[0035] The attenuation and reflection losses of the high-frequency radar radiation passing through the vehicle component, and in particular through a window pane of a vehicle as a vehicle component, are minimized by using radar radiation polarized parallel to the plane of incidence of the radar radiation as high-frequency radiation emitted by the antenna elements of the respective antenna unit of the radar system.

[0036] An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the drawing with the Fig. 1 to 5 explained.

[0037] Showing: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of an antenna unit of a radar system on the inside of a front window or windshield as a vehicle component of a vehicle; Fig. 2 a schematic representation of various parameters for the polarization of the radar radiation of an antenna unit of a radar system; Fig. 3 a schematic representation of a control network for a linear group antenna of an antenna unit of a radar system; Fig. 4 a schematic representation of an antenna element of an antenna unit in a first embodiment; and Fig. 5 a schematic representation of antenna elements of an antenna unit in a second embodiment.

[0038] One in the Fig. The antenna unit 25 of a radar system 1, as shown in Figure 1, is arranged on the inside 28 of a windshield having a specific acute angle of attack relative to the horizontal direction 5 (longitudinal direction of the vehicle or x-direction), as an example of a vehicle component 2 of a vehicle, and is thus arranged as a vehicle component 2, in particular, on the surface 28 of the windshield facing the vehicle interior 27 of the vehicle. The radar system 1 is used for the emission and detection of high-frequency radar radiation 3 with a radar frequency of, for example, 76.5 GHz for a driver assistance system of the vehicle, for example, for an adaptive cruise control (ACC) system.

[0039] For this application, the elevation radiation diagram of the radar radiation 3 passing through the windshield as vehicle component 2 should be relatively wide, and the vertical main lobe 4 of the radar radiation 3 should be directed in a horizontal direction as the reference preferred direction 5, i.e., parallel to the surface of the roadway in front of the vehicle in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (in the x-direction).

[0040] Because of the required relatively large elevation lobe width of the main lobe 4 of the radar radiation 3, the antenna array 6 of the antenna unit 25, designed for example as a linear group antenna, has only a few antenna elements 7, for example five antenna elements 7 arranged linearly one behind the other, which are arranged on a carrier body 8 of the antenna unit 25 designed as a circuit board.

[0041] To achieve the desired orientation of the main lobe 4 of the radar radiation 3 in the horizontal direction as the preferred reference direction 5, the radar radiation 3 emitted by the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6, arranged perpendicular to their surface on the inside 28 of the windshield 2, which has a specific acute angle of attack relative to the horizontal direction 5 (longitudinal direction of the vehicle or x-direction), must be pivoted by a specific swivel angle. With an angle of attack 9 of the windshield 2 relative to the horizontal direction 5 (longitudinal direction of the vehicle or x-direction) of typically 30°, and thus a tilt angle 24 of the windshield 2 relative to the vertical direction (vertical direction of the vehicle or z-direction) of 60°, the required swivel angle for the radar radiation 3 emitted by the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6 must accordingly be 60°.For this purpose, this swivel angle is divided into, firstly, a mechanical component or geometric component with regard to the construction of the antenna unit 25 of the radar system 1 or the spatial arrangement of the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6, and secondly, a circuit-related component with regard to the control of the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6.

[0042] For this purpose, the circuit board 8 with the group antenna of the antenna array 6 with the antenna elements 7 is not arranged parallel to the surface 28 of the windshield 2 of the vehicle, but is tilted by a tilt angle 10 with respect to the plane of the windshield 2, for example by a tilt angle 10 of, say, 15° with respect to the plane of the windshield 2. That is, the circuit board 8 with the group antenna of the antenna array 6 with the antenna elements 7 is arranged at this tilt angle 10 on the inner surface 28 of the windshield 2 oriented towards the vehicle interior 27 and is attached thereto, for example by means of an adhesive made of, say, polyurethane.

[0043] Secondly, the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6 are controlled via the control network 17 with such a phase shift, for example by a phase shift of the control current for the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6, that the emitted radar radiation 3 of the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6 is not radiated perpendicular to their surface, but is radiated rotated by an angle of 45° in the horizontal direction 5 to this vertical radiation direction.

[0044] Overall, these two effects result in the desired swivel angle of 60° for the radar radiation 3 emitted by the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6 and radiating through the windshield 2, by which the main lobe 4 of the radar radiation 3 radiating through the windshield 2 is aligned in the horizontal direction as the reference preferred direction 5.

[0045] To achieve the desired tilt angle 10 of, for example, 15° of the circuit board 8, the circuit board 8, together with the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6 and other electronic components of the antenna unit 25 of the radar system 1, is placed in a holder 11, for example, made of plastic. This holder 11 is then mounted at the tilt angle 10 of, for example, 15° on the inner surface 28 of the windshield 2, which faces the vehicle interior 27.To reduce reflections of the radar radiation 3 emitted by the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6 and radiating through the windshield 2 at the windshield 2 and to shield the interior of the vehicle from the radar radiation 3 emitted by the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6 and radiating through the windshield 2, the mounting 11 consists at least in a partial area of ​​a radar-absorbing material 12 or is at least coated with a radar-absorbing material 12 on the surface facing the windshield 2.

[0046] For this purpose, common materials can be used as radar-absorbing material 12, in particular based on polyetherimide resin (PEI resin) or on polycarbonate resin (PC resin).

[0047] To further reduce the reflections of the radar radiation 3 emitted by the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6 and transmitted through the windshield 2, and the attenuation of this radar radiation 3 by the windshield 2, an adaptation layer 13 is applied to the inner surface 28 of the windshield 2 facing the vehicle interior 27. This adaptation layer 13 consists, for example, of several plane-parallel layers, the materials, thicknesses, and layer sequence of which can be specified according to the application to achieve the desired reflection reduction.

[0048] In order to minimize the reflections of the radar radiation 3 emitted by the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6 and passing through the windshield 2, and the attenuation of this radar radiation 3 by the windshield 2, as described in the Fig. 2 shown, the polarization direction of the radar radiation 3 emitted by the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6 is chosen such that it is polarized in the parallel direction 16 to an incidence plane defined by the wave number vector 14 and the normal vector 15 of the surface 28 of the windshield 2 facing the vehicle interior 27 of the vehicle.

[0049] As from the Fig. As can be seen in Figure 2, the radar radiation 3 emitted by the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6, which is polarized parallel to the plane of incidence of the emitted radar radiation 3 on the windshield 2, is, in this embodiment, absolutely polarized vertically with respect to the ground. Consequently, the radar radiation 3 passing through the windshield 2 is reflected much less strongly by the windshield 2 and attenuated much less than would be the case if differently polarized radar radiation 3 were used.

[0050] As mentioned, the radar radiation 3 emitted by the antenna array 6 with the antenna elements 7 and transmitted through the windshield 2 should exhibit the broadest possible radiation pattern in the horizontal plane with the reference preferred direction 5 and a narrower main lobe 4 in the elevation direction, the maximum of which is parallel to the roadway. Furthermore, the vertical radiation pattern should show only small sidelobes.

[0051] This is according to the Fig. 3 a linear group antenna as antenna array 6 with five identical or similarly designed antenna elements 7 is provided. These antenna elements 7 are arranged vertically one above the other on the circuit board 8 and are all polarized in parallel direction 16 to an incidence plane for the radar radiation 3 emitted by the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6, defined by the wave number vector 14 and the normal vector 15 of the surface 28 of the windshield 2 facing the vehicle interior 27.

[0052] In order for the linear array antenna 6, comprising five antenna elements 7, to generate the desired radiation pattern with the characteristics described above, the linear array antenna 6 is connected at a feed point 18 to further electronic components of the antenna unit 25 or the radar system 1. The high-frequency waves fed into this feed point 18 are distributed to the antenna elements 7 of the linear array antenna 6 via a fixed transmission line network, known as the drive network 17, such that the desired radiation pattern of the linear array antenna 6 is achieved.

[0053] The transmission network, acting as the control network 17, ensures the required amplitude and phase distribution of the control current at the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6. According to the Fig. 3 the transmission network is implemented as a control network 17 in a parallel embodiment, through which a flexible amplitude distribution and phase distribution of the control current can be set at the antenna elements 7 of the antenna array 6.

[0054] As from the Fig. As can be seen in Figure 4, the antenna elements 7 in a first embodiment are designed as microstrip antennas on a printed circuit board 8 with a back-side grounding metallization 26. These microstrip antennas are typically rectangular resonators 19, which are fed or driven by a microstrip line 20. Depending on the application of the antenna unit 25 or the radar system 1, other geometric configurations for the resonators 19 can also be chosen.

[0055] As from the Fig.As can be seen in Figure 5, the antenna elements 7 in a second embodiment are designed as so-called surface integrated waveguides (SIWs). These surface integrated waveguides (SIWs) are slotted and approximately designed as rectangular waveguides, which are implemented in printed circuit board technology by fences of metallized vias. For this purpose, preferably horizontally oriented slots 21 are used, which are realized by horizontal spur lines 23 branching off from a vertically extending SIW line 22, the radiating horizontally oriented slots 21 being the ones containing the radiating horizontally oriented slots 21. Reference symbol list 1 radar system 2 Vehicle component / Windshield 3 Radar radiation 4 Main lobe radar radiation 5. Reference preferred direction / horizontal direction 6 antenna array / group antenna 7 antenna elements 8 Carrier body / circuit board 9 Windscreen angle of attack 10 tilt angles support body 11 bracket 12 radar-absorbing material 13 Adaptation layer 14 Wave number vector 15 Normal direction 16 Parallel direction to the plane of incidence 17 Control network 18 Feeding point 19 Resonator 20 microstrip lines 21 Horizontal slots 22 SIW line 23 horizontal branch lines 24 Windscreen tilt angle 25 antenna units 26 Mass metallization 27 Vehicle interior 28 Surface / Inside QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2018 212 287 A1

[0007] US 2016 / 0093944 A1

[0008] US 2020 / 0393537 A1

[0009]

Claims

[1] Radar system (1) with at least one antenna unit (25) and with a vehicle component (2), wherein a plurality of antenna elements (7) of a respective antenna unit (25) arranged on the vehicle component (2) are provided for emitting radar radiation (3) in the form of a radar lobe (4), characterized by , that the antenna elements (7) are mounted as an antenna array (6) on a carrier body (8) of the respective antenna unit (25) arranged at a tilt angle (10) to the surface (28) of the vehicle component (2), and that a control network (17) of the radar system (1) is provided for phase-shifted control of the antenna elements (7) with a phase shift such that the radar lobe (4) is oriented in a reference preferred direction (5). [2] Radar system (1) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the antenna elements (7) of a respective antenna unit (25) are applied as an antenna array (6) on the carrier body (8), which is arranged on the surface (28) of the vehicle component (2) facing the vehicle interior (27) with the tilt angle (10) to this surface of the vehicle component (2), and that the control network (17) of the radar system (1) is provided for the phase-shifted control of the antenna elements (7) of a respective antenna unit (25) with a phase shift such that the radar lobe (4) of the radar radiation (3) radiating through the vehicle component (2) is oriented in a reference preferred direction (5). [3] Radar system (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized bythat the carrier body (8) is arranged with a tilt angle (10) of up to 45° to the surface (28) of the vehicle component (2) on the surface (28) of the vehicle component (2) facing the vehicle interior (27) and is fastened to this surface (28) of the vehicle component (2). [4] Radar system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by that a holder (11) provided at least for receiving the carrier body (8) is fastened to the vehicle component (2) with the tilt angle (10) on the surface (28) of the vehicle component (2) facing the vehicle interior (27). [5] Radar system (1) according to claim 4, characterized by that the holder (11) has a radar-absorbing material (12) at least in a partial area oriented in the direction of the vehicle component (2) [6] Radar system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized bythat the control network (17) for the phase-shifted control of the antenna elements (7) specifies the control current or the control voltage or the electromagnetic waves traveling on the feed lines of the antenna elements (7) in their direction. [7] Radar system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by , that the antenna array (6) of the antenna elements (7) is designed as a linear group antenna with antenna elements (7) arranged one behind the other on a printed circuit board as a carrier body (8), that a parallel line network is provided as a control network (17) for controlling the antenna elements (7) of the antenna array (6), and that the antenna elements (7) are designed such that the drive current for the antenna elements (7) can be fed into the antenna elements (7) from the lower edge or the upper edge of the antenna elements (7). [8] Radar system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by that an adaptation layer (13) for the emitted radar radiation (3) is provided on the surface (28) of the vehicle component (2) oriented in the direction of the carrier body (8) and thus on the surface (28) of the vehicle component (2) facing the vehicle interior (27). [9] Radar system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which a plurality of antenna elements (7) of at least one antenna unit (25) arranged on the inner side (28) of a windshield (2) of a vehicle facing the vehicle interior (27) radiate radar radiation (3) in the form of a radar lobe (4) in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle as a reference preferred direction (5) through the windshield (2) of the vehicle. [10] Vehicle with a radar system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, in which the vehicle component (2) has an acute angle of inclination (24) with respect to a reference preferred direction (5) for the radar radiation (3) emitted by the at least one antenna unit (25) of the radar system (1) and radiating through the vehicle component (2).

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