Electrode for an electrode-separator arrangement in a battery cell, method for manufacturing such an electrode and battery cell

Abstract

Electrode for an electrode-separator arrangement (3) in a battery cell, in particular a lithium-ion battery cell, with a substrate film (5) which is coated on one or both sides with an active material layer (7), characterized in that the substrate film (5) is formed from conductive graphite (17) and a binder (15), in particular PTFE, and / or that the substrate film (5) is formed from a PTFE compound with non-metallic, electrically conductive fillers, such as graphite powder (17) and / or electrically conductive carbon black particles.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an electrode for an electrode-separator arrangement in a battery cell according to the preamble of claim 1, a method for manufacturing such an electrode according to the preamble of claim 8, and a battery cell according to claim 9.

[0002] An electrode is known from KR 10 2015 0 086 288 A. An electrode of this type has a substrate film coated on one or both sides with an active material layer. The following problems arise with such an electrode: A primary problem is that, in the prior art, the active anode and cathode materials are applied to a metal foil (i.e., a substrate foil). A copper foil is typically used for the anode, and a thin aluminum foil for the aluminum. These foils are electrically conductive, allowing electrons to migrate to and from the active material layer. They do not normally participate in the redox reaction to conserve energy. Metal substrate foils are usually only used as electron conductors and as a support structure for the active material layers. Copper foils are typically about 10 µm thick, and aluminum foils about 12 µm thick. These foils contribute to the weight and reduce the cell's energy density. Without the substrate foil, the cell's energy density would increase significantly.

[0003] A second problem lies in the comparatively weak adhesion of the active material layer to the metal substrate film. In the prior art, the active material layer is applied to both sides of the metal substrate film, either by wet or dry coating. The binder ensures sufficient adhesion between the substrate film and the active material layer. If this adhesive force is less than that of the active material, it can detach from the substrate film, a process known as delamination. This detached layer can cause a short circuit between the electrodes. Adhesion decreases over time because the active material swells. The adhesive force can also decrease due to binder migration during the drying phase. To ensure sufficient adhesion, it is common practice to add more binder, but this also leads to a reduction in energy density.If the metal substrate foil were removed, no such adhesion problem would exist.

[0004] A third problem concerns the fact that in the electrode-separator arrangement, the resistance to electron movement is much lower than that of ions. Against this background, the metal substrate film does not contribute significantly to increasing the electrical performance of the battery cell. A cell typically has two internal resistances: one for electron transfer and one for lithium-ion transfer. The resistance for electron transfer is approximately 100 times lower than the resistance for ion transfer. The carbon binder, the graphite, and the metallic substrate film facilitate electron transfer. Even if the metallic substrate film were replaced by a different conductive substrate material, the electron resistance would not increase significantly. The main limitation on the speed characteristics of the battery cell is determined by the conductivity of the lithium ions.

[0005] A fourth problem is that the aluminum substrate foil of the cathode is susceptible to corrosion under the influence of the electrolyte and at high alkalinity. Aluminum tends to form aluminum oxide; however, this aluminum oxide layer is not stable against electrolyte attack. At higher slurry alkalinity levels (pH above 11), aluminum also develops pitting corrosion. If the aluminum layer were not present, many electrolyte salts could be used that would be advantageous for the cell, but are currently not used due to aluminum corrosion.

[0006] A fifth problem is that copper oxidation can reduce anode adhesion. Copper tends to form copper oxide on its surface, which can decrease the conductivity and adhesion of the active anode material. Copper also tends to form dendrites when the cell reaches a voltage lower than the permissible discharge voltage. If copper were not used as a substrate, there would be no problems with adhesion or copper dendrite formation.

[0007] Composite materials for use in anodes are known from WO 2023 / 122748 A1. The new composite materials comprise silicon-based nanostructures. They also include nanostructures attached to a carbon-based substrate on which a polymer is mounted, the polymer containing monomeric units of styrene and allyl alcohol. These composite materials enable the fabrication of anode electrodes with a low inactive-to-active material ratio and improved processability in both wet and dry anode coating processes.

[0008] The object of the invention is to provide an electrode and a method for manufacturing such an electrode and / or a battery cell which have increased performance compared to the prior art.

[0009] The problem is solved by the features of claim 1, claim 8 and claim 9. Preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.

[0010] The invention relates to an electrode for an electrode-separator arrangement in a battery cell, in particular a lithium-ion battery cell. The electrode comprises a substrate film coated on one or both sides with an active material layer. According to the characterizing part of claim 1, the substrate film is formed from conductive graphite and a binder, in particular PTFE. Preferably, the substrate film is formed from a PTFE compound with non-metallic, electrically conductive fillers, such as graphite powder and / or electrically conductive carbon black particles.

[0011] The invention is based on the following insight: In the prior art, an aluminum substrate foil is used at the cathode and a copper substrate foil at the anode. The substrate foils are important for the electronic conductivity and also act as a base for the active material layers. As explained above, electrical conductivity is much faster than ionic conductivity; therefore, an increase in electrical conductivity would not drastically change the cell resistance. Accordingly, the main function of the metal substrate foil is to support the active material layers.

[0012] Against this background, the following modifications are made according to the invention: No metal foil is used for the production of the anode and cathode electrodes. For the anode, instead of a copper foil, for example, nanocopper particles are embedded in a matrix of graphite and PTFE binder (with or without conductive carbon black) to form a thin film with a maximum thickness of 20 µm using dry coating technology.

[0013] This thin film, produced by dry coating, serves as a substrate for the subsequent anode coating process. Here, the wet slurry is coated on both sides and then dried to produce the final anode electrode. The anode electrode consists of two distinct layers. The first layer, made of copper nanoparticles, acts as an electron conductor. Calendering and the subsequent processes are carried out as usual. The copper nanoparticles form a conductive network for electron transfer. If there is no continuous connection between the copper nanoparticles, the graphite embedding them acts as the electron conductor.

[0014] Graphite particles present in both the upper and lower active material layers of the anode contribute to lithium intercalation. The substrate film is preferably produced by dry coating (mainly by extrusion of powder and compaction of the powder). The active material layer is produced by wet coating technology. According to the invention, the coating is not applied to a metal foil substrate, but rather to a substrate film produced primarily from graphite powder and PTFE in a dry process. The composition of the substrate film and the active material layer differ due to the use of different binders. It is also possible to produce the active material layer using dry technology. The active material layer contains no metal powder in either the wet or dry coating process.This means that even after compaction during calendering, no metal particles protrude from the electrode surface and can penetrate the separator. Metallic particles are located deep within the electrode and only in the substrate film.

[0015] In contrast to the anode, the cathode consists of aluminum nano- or microparticles (less than 3 µm) mixed with conductive graphite, as well as with active cathode material and PTFE, to form a coating of approximately 30 µm. Alternatively, 1% carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be used. The substrate film according to the invention is produced using a dry coating process, without the use of an aluminum foil. Instead of aluminum, stainless steel micro- or nanopowder can also be used.

[0016] The cathode active material layer is formed on the substrate film using wet or dry coating techniques. A slurry containing only cathode active material with PVDF binder and carbon black or CNT is prepared with NMP or an aqueous solvent and then applied to the substrate film, which then dries to form a cathode electrode. This is then compressed and cut to length during calendering to complete the electrodes.

[0017] In the substrate film formed by dry coating, a metal foil blank can be glued to one side of the electrode, serving as a current collector. The active material layer is then applied to the substrate film. The current collector, which can be approximately 20 µm thick, protrudes laterally from the electrode-separator assembly. The current collector is located between the active material layer and the substrate film. After both coatings have been applied, the electrode is cut to length. Each individual electrode blade has its own current collector, which extends laterally beyond the active material layers. The current collector can be made of aluminum for the cathode or nickel-plated copper for the anode.

[0018] The thickness of the conduction flap is less than the thickness of the finally compressed active material layer. This ensures that the conduction flap remains non-contacting with the separator at all times. It is possible to place one conduction flap on the top side of the substrate film and another on the underside.

[0019] The substrate film can consist solely of graphite (with PTFE binder and carbon black) and can be used in a dry coating process to produce an anode. The cathode substrate film is produced similarly, without nano- or micro-aluminum particles (or stainless steel particles). It consists of graphite mixed with active cathode material (and PTFE binder and CNT or carbon black) and is produced using a dry process.

[0020] In another embodiment, the substrate film is produced using a similar technology to that described above. The substrate film can be produced with or without metallic nanoparticles or metal particles. In this embodiment, the active material layer is not initially coated onto the substrate film, but rather onto the separator. In this case, a 20 µm polypropylene or polyethylene separator is first selected as the base for the active material layer using a dry process. The substrate film is then produced separately by dry coating. Finally, the current collector flag is bonded to it.

[0021] The active material layer is significantly thicker than the substrate film, which has a maximum thickness of approximately 20 to 30 µm. The active material layer, in contrast, has a thickness of approximately 60 to 70 µm. An adhesive (i.e., a binder) is located between the active material layer and the substrate film; this adhesive bonds the two layers together using minimal mechanical force or heat. In this way, the two layers, despite their different properties, become homogeneous and function as a single electrode coating.

[0022] The dry mixture can consist of 97% graphite, 1% PTFE, and 2% conductive carbon. This mixture is blended in a mixing unit. Up to 2% copper powder by weight can be added. If copper powder is omitted, up to 3% conductive carbon can be added. During dispersion by shear, the PTFE fibrillates, causing bonding between the particles.

[0023] The anode substrate film is produced as follows: A dry mixture is pressed between calender rollers to create a thin film of approximately 20 to 50 µm. This film then serves as the substrate film for the wet coating process. The film has a total thickness of 40 µm and contains either copper powder or no copper powder. Copper powder is recommended because metal particles embedded in the graphite matrix can impart higher conductivity and strength to the anode substrate film.

[0024] The cathode substrate film is manufactured as follows: Dry particles are used for the cathode in a similar manner to the production of the anode substrate film. Here, the dry powder consists of NMC particles or other cathode-active materials up to a maximum of 92 wt%. PTFE (approx. 2 wt%) is used as a binder and carbon black (approx. 3 wt%) as a conductive additive. CNTs may also be used here, up to a maximum of 2 wt%. The proportion of aluminum powder is approximately 2 to 3 wt%. Aluminum powder can be added at up to 5 wt%. It is also possible to produce a dry film without aluminum powder. In this case, a higher proportion of conductive carbon, approximately 5 wt%, can be used instead of the fine aluminum powder.

[0025] The electrode features a metal foil strip, for example, 20 mm x 20 mm with a thickness of approximately 30 µm, as a grounding tab. This tab can be attached to the substrate film. To do this, the tab is coated with PVDF adhesive and then pressed onto the substrate film under heat to ensure a strong bond. Alternatively, a different conductive, acrylic-based adhesive can be used, which can be mechanically bonded to the substrate film. It is essential that the adhesive is electrically conductive.

[0026] The current collector can be attached either to the top of the substrate film or to both sides. This means that either only one current collector can be located on the top or two can be provided, one on the top and one on the bottom of the substrate film. The anode current collector can be made of nickel-plated copper, while the cathode current collector can be made of nickel-plated aluminum.

[0027] In wet coating, a slurry without metal powder is applied to the substrate film. This layer is approximately 70 to 80 µm thick; it is then dried. After drying, the opposite side can be wet coated and dried. Depending on the coating system, both sides of the substrate film can also be coated simultaneously.

[0028] After wet coating, calendering and cutting take place. During calendering, both the substrate film and the active material layer are compacted. The compaction is so intense that the metal particles are embedded in the coating and do not protrude. In this way, the embedded metal particles do not come into contact with the separator, thus preventing the metal particles from penetrating it.

[0029] The cathode substrate foil may contain aluminum powder, while the cathode drain tab may be a nickel-plated aluminum foil. PTFE is used as a binder for the substrate foil. PVDF is used as a binder for the active material layer.

[0030] The invention differs from the prior art in the following ways: No metal film is used as the substrate film. Instead, the substrate film consists of a thin dry film containing graphite, PTFE as a binder, conductive carbon, and copper powder. Copper powder is used for the anode dry film. The particle size is preferably in the nanometer range but can be a maximum of 5 µm. The dry film (which serves as the substrate film) also contains graphite and therefore also contributes to lithium intercalation, just like the active material layer. The anode active material layer does not contain copper particles and can contain either a PVDF binder in NMP solvent or a CMC / SBE slurry for a water-based binder.

[0031] The cathode is manufactured in a similar manner. However, instead of a metallic aluminum foil, a substrate film is used for the coating. The substrate film consists of aluminum particles (maximum 5 µm) embedded in graphite, carbon black, or carbon black, and PTFE as a binder. PTFE is used because it can fibrill under high shear stress and form a dry film that can be used for subsequent wet coating.

[0032] Between the active material layer and the substrate film is a metal strip that serves as a current collector. The current collector can be located on either one side of the substrate film or on both sides. The substrate film can contain cathode active material such as NMC, LFP, or other metal oxides. In this case, the substrate film can also contribute to the redox reaction and the incorporation of lithium ions.

[0033] When the active material layer is applied using the wet coating method, PVDF can be used as a binder for the cathode with an NMP solvent. For the anode, CMC / SBR with a water-based solvent can be used. PVDF can also be used as a binder with an NMP solvent for wet coating of the anode active material layer. However, it is also possible to apply the active material layer using a dry coating method.

[0034] The calendering and cutting process is carried out as usual. It is important that no metallic particles penetrate outside the dry coating.

[0035] For example, in the fabrication of the electrode-separator assembly, the separator can first be used as a substrate for the active material layer (second coating). The anode is dry-coated on one side of the separator, and the cathode on the other. The substrate film is produced as described above. A PVDF coating is applied between the layers. This serves as a binder. A conductive adhesive can also be used. It is important that the coating is also lithium-ion conductive. Therefore, the coating consists of a mixture of conductive binder or adhesive with lithium nitride or lithium phosphate particles to ensure lithium-ion conductivity. Conductive carbon in the adhesive facilitates electron transport. Here, both coatings are produced using a dry process because the separator cannot withstand the drying temperature after wet coating.

[0036] It is also possible to apply a substrate film to the separator, then attach the current collector tabs, and subsequently apply an active material layer. The resulting composite can be calendered to achieve good cohesion between the layers. In this case, no adhesive is required between the two layers. With this option, monocells (hereinafter referred to as stacked composites) are produced with a coating on the separator. Each monocell is positioned so that the cathode faces the cathode and the anode faces the anode. In this way, the electrodes are stacked.

[0037] The advantages of the invention are summarized below: No metallic substrate such as copper or aluminum foil is required for the coating. High cell energy density is possible because the weight of the metal foil is reduced. The electrode layers are bonded together in such a way that the lithium ions can easily migrate between them. There is no metal film to impede the movement of the lithium ions. Furthermore, there is no problem with aluminum corrosion, such as pitting under alkaline conditions or with salts like LiFSi. The problem of copper dendrites at lower voltages is also solved because the copper content is reduced. Since both coatings have a similar chemical structure, there are no problems with adhesion or detachment of the coating from the substrate.PTFE, used as a binder in the first coating to create a dry film, provides good cohesion due to its fibrillating properties. The binder used in the second coating ensures good adhesion to the middle layer, so cohesion is not an issue. In short, the coating is much more strongly bonded than current coatings with metallic substrates. It is also possible to produce dry film substrates without metal powder. Here, the proportion of conductive carbon is further reduced to achieve higher conductivity. Electrode fabrication requires only cutting to length. This means that notching is unnecessary. The metallic conductor tab is not cut out of the substrate as in the conventional method; instead, it is bonded to the substrate film.This has the advantage of allowing for a larger current-carrying conductor cross-section. With conventional methods, requiring a larger current-carrying conductor cross-section would necessitate a correspondingly thicker substrate film. Furthermore, there is no metallic burr formation during cutting operations. Additionally, the risk of short circuits is reduced due to the fewer metal particles present in the cell. Dry coating is also a less energy-intensive process, thus reducing production costs.

[0038] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying figures.

[0039] They show: Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 to Fig. 8 different views, each illustrating exemplary embodiments of the electrode according to the invention.

[0040] In the Fig. Figure 1 is a battery cell with a cell housing 1, indicated by dashed lines, shown schematically to the extent necessary for understanding the invention. The cell housing 1 contains an electrode-separator arrangement 3 with a total of two anodes A and two cathodes K, each with an intermediate separator S. Each of the electrodes A and K has a three-layer structure with a central substrate film 5 coated on both sides with an active material layer 7. The substrate film 5 extends laterally outwards beyond the active material layers 7 by means of a current collector 9. The anode-side current collectors 9 are electrically connected to an anode-side cell current collector 11. Similarly, the cathode-side current collectors 9 are electrically connected to the cathode-side cell current collector 13.

[0041] A key aspect of the invention is that the substrate film 5 is not made from a metal foil, but rather from a PTFE compound with non-metallic, electrically conductive fillers. Such fillers include, for example, graphite powder 17 ( Fig. 2) as well as electrically conductive additives 19, such as carbon black particles or carbon nanotubes. A metal powder can also be added to the PTFE compound as a conductive additive. For example, copper powder can be added to the anode substrate foil 5, while aluminum powder can be added to the cathode substrate foil 5.

[0042] As from the Fig. As further shown in Figure 1, the conductive tabs 9 are not a single, integral part of the respective substrate film 5. Rather, the conductive tabs 9 are each made from a metal foil blank. The conductive tabs 9 are glued to the substrate films 5 in a bonding process described later.

[0043] The anode substrate film 5 can, for example, have the following composition: - Graphite powder 17, especially up to 97 wt% - PTFE binder 15, especially up to 1 wt% - possibly electrically conductive additives 19, such as soot particles up to 2 wt%, and / or copper powder.

[0044] Alternatively, the cathode substrate film 5 can have the following composition: - Graphite powder 17, especially up to 97 wt%, - PTFE binder 15, especially up to 1 wt% - NMC particles or other cathode-active material, and - Aluminum powder.

[0045] The following will be based on the Fig. 2 to 5a Process steps for the production of the electrode A, K according to the invention are described. According to the Fig. 2. The PTFE binder 15, graphite powder 17, and other electrically conductive additives or fillers 19 are mixed in a mixer unit 21 to form granules. This is followed by a primary forming process in which the granules are fed to an extruder 23. Under pressure and / or heat, the extruder 23 processes the granules into a continuous substrate film web 25, which is wound onto a substrate film roll 27. After the primary forming step, an adhesive bonding process follows ( Fig. 3), in which the conductive tabs 9 are glued as metal foil cutouts onto the continuous substrate foil web 25. Subsequently, a coating process is carried out ( Fig. 4) carried out, in which the active material layers 7 are coated in a wet coating as a so-called slurry onto the substrate film continuous web 25, forming a composite continuous web 29. In the Fig. In the process state shown in Figure 4, the continuous web of substrate film unwound from the substrate film roll 27 is already coated on its underside with an active material layer 7 (in a previous coating process not shown). Accordingly, in the Fig. Figure 4 shows only the coating of the still uncoated top side of the substrate film continuous web 25, which takes place via an application tool 31. The composite continuous web 29, coated on both sides, passes through a drying station 33, in which the wet-coated active material layers 7 are dried. Subsequently, the dried composite continuous web 29 is passed by a thickness measurement device 35. This device is signal-connected to a downstream (not shown) calendering process in order to densify the composite continuous web to a predefined thickness. After the calendering process, a cutting process is carried out in which the electrodes A, K are used as electrode blades with cutting blades 37 (indicated in the figure). Fig. 4) to the one in the Fig. The electrode shown in 5a is cut to length. Fig. Figure 5b shows an alternative embodiment in which the electrode A, K has two conductor tabs 9. The two conductor tabs 9 are glued to opposite flat sides of the substrate film 5.

[0046] In the Fig. Figure 6 shows an electrode-separator arrangement 3 according to a further embodiment. According to the Fig. Figure 6 shows that the electrode-separator arrangement 3 has a total of three stacked stacks 39. One of these stacks 39 is located in the Fig. Figure 7 is shown in isolation. Accordingly, in the stacked assembly 39, a separator S is coated on both sides directly with an anode-active material layer 7a and a cathode-active material layer 7b in a coating process. The separator is shown in the Fig. The stack assembly 39 shown in Figure 7 has an anode substrate film 5a and a cathode substrate film 5b at each end of the stack. The substrate films 5a, 5b are extended laterally beyond the active material layers 7 by means of conduction tabs 9.

[0047] In a process for manufacturing the stacked composite 39, the coating process is first carried out, in which the anode active material layer 7a and the cathode active material layer 7b are coated onto both sides of the separator S in a dry process. This is followed by an adhesive bonding process. In preparation for the adhesive bonding process, the outer surfaces of the active material layers 7a and 7b are coated with a PVDF binder 41, as described in the Fig. As indicated in Figure 8, the respective substrate films 5a, 5b can be bonded to the associated anode and cathode active material layers 7a, 7b. As in the first embodiment, the substrate films 5a, 5b are formed from a PTFE compound with non-metallic, electrically conductive fillers, such as graphite powder 17 and electrically conductive carbon black particles. In addition, the substrate film 7a, 7b can contain a metal powder (i.e., aluminum powder or copper powder) as an electrically conductive additive.

[0048] According to the Fig. 6 The stacked composites 39 are stacked on top of each other in such a way that the anode active material layers 7a face each other with two anode substrate films 5a interposed between them. In the same way, the cathode active material layers 7b of adjacent stacked composites 39 face each other with two cathode substrate films 7b interposed between them.

Claims

[1] Electrode for an electrode-separator arrangement (3) in a battery cell, in particular a lithium-ion battery cell, comprising a substrate film (5) which is coated on one or both sides with an active material layer (7), characterized by , that the substrate film (5) is formed from conductive graphite (17) and a binder (15), in particular PTFE, and / or that the substrate film (5) is formed from a PTFE compound with non-metallic, electrically conductive fillers, such as graphite powder (17) and / or electrically conductive carbon black particles. [2] Electrode according to claim 1, characterized by , that the starting material for the production of the substrate film (5) is a granulate or a dry powder mixture of graphite powder (17) and binder (15), and that the starting material can be processed into the substrate film (5) by primary forming, in particular calendering or extrusion. [3] Electrode according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, that the substrate film (5) has the following composition: - Graphite powder, especially up to 97 wt%, - Binders, especially up to 1% by weight - possibly electrically conductive soot particles up to 2 wt%, as well as - possibly other electrically conductive additives, such as metal powder. [4] Electrode according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized by , that the active material layer (7) can be applied to the substrate film (5), in particular in a coating process by wet or dry coating, and / or that the substrate film (5) is extended laterally beyond the active material layer (7) by at least one conduction flap (9), and that in particular the conduction flap (9) is a metal foil blank that can be bonded to the substrate film (5) in an electrically conductive manner, in particular in a bonding process that takes place between the primary forming process and the coating process. [5] Electrode according to claim 4, characterized by , that the current collector tab (9) can be bonded to the substrate film (5) by means of a PVDF binder, and / or that the electrode (A, K) has two current collector tabs (9) which are bonded to opposite flat sides of the substrate film (5), and / or that in the finished electrode (A, K) the thickness of the current collector tab (9) is smaller than the thickness of the active material layer (7) in order to avoid contact with an adjacent separator (S) in the electrode-separator arrangement (3). [6] Electrode according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that in the case of an electrode designed as an anode (A), the starting material for the production of the substrate film (5) is a dry powder mixture with the following composition: - Graphite powder (17), in particular up to 97 wt%, - PTFE (15), especially up to 1 wt%, - conductive soot particles, especially up to 3 wt%, - possibly copper powder, especially up to 2 wt.%. [7] Electrode according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that in the case of an electrode designed as a cathode (K), the starting material for the production of the substrate film (5) is a dry powder mixture with the following composition: - NMC particles or other cathode-active material, especially up to 92 wt%, - PTFE, especially up to 2 wt%, - conductive soot particles, especially up to 3 wt.% - possibly carbon nanotubes, in particular up to 2 wt% - possibly aluminium powder, in particular up to 5 wt.%. [8] Method for manufacturing an electrode (A, K) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising - a primary forming process in which a dry powder mixture is formed into a continuous substrate film web (25), - a coating process in which the active material layer (7) is coated onto the substrate film continuous web (25) in a wet or dry process, forming a composite continuous web (29), - a drying process in which the wet-coated active material layer (7) of the composite continuous web (29) is dried, - a calendering process in which the compound continuous path (29) is compacted, and - a cutting process in which the electrode (A, K) is cut to length as an electrode sheet from the composite continuous track (29), characterized by , that between the primary forming process and the coating process an adhesive process takes place in which at least one conductor flag (9) is glued as a metal foil cut-out onto the substrate foil continuous web (25). [9] Battery cell with an electrode-separator arrangement (3) comprising at least one electrode (A, K) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising at least one stack assembly (39) in which a separator (S) is directly coated on both sides in a coating process with an anode active material layer (7a) and with a cathode active material layer (7b), wherein the stack assembly (39) has a substrate film (5a, 5b) at its two stack ends, which is extended laterally beyond the active material layer (7a, 7b) by a current collector tab (9), wherein the two substrate films (5a, 5b) are bonded to the respective active material layer (7a, 7b) in an adhesive bonding process, wherein the electrode-separator arrangement (3) is composed of a plurality of stacked stacked assemblies (39), and wherein the anode active material layers (7a) of adjacent stacked composites (39) are facing each other under an interposition of two substrate films (7a), and in the same way the cathode active material layers (7b) of adjacent stacked composites (39) are facing each other under an interposition of two substrate films (7b). [10] Battery cell according to claim 9, characterized by , that the respective substrate film (5a, 5b) is formed from conductive graphite (17) and a binder, in particular PTFE (15), and / or that the substrate film (5a, 5b) is formed from a PTFE compound with non-metallic, electrically conductive fillers, such as graphite powder (17) and / or electrically conductive carbon black particles.

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