Methods for compacting a building site

Abstract

Method for compacting a building site (1), comprising the following process steps: a. Setting up at least two building elements (2) on the building ground (1), each building element (2) comprising at least one concrete block (3). b. Connecting the components (2) together by means of at least one connecting element (4, 9) to form a composite (5). c. Loading the subsoil (1) with the building elements (2) for a specified period of time. d. Removal of the building elements (2) from the building ground (1), wherein the removal of the building elements (2) is carried out without leaving any residue and without destruction.

Description

Introduction

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for compacting a building site.

[0002] Typically, soil compaction is necessary before construction can begin. This increases the soil's load-bearing capacity for supporting building loads and simultaneously reduces settlement caused by construction. The building site can be located on land or in a body of water or sea. Soil compaction may be necessary, in particular, when reclaiming land in seas and bodies of water by depositing sand or waste. However, marshland also requires compaction before construction to prevent buildings from sinking.

[0003] Typically, soil compaction is achieved by adding fill material to the soil. This usually involves using a bulk material, such as sand, which is dumped in large quantities onto the soil. The total mass of this fill material roughly corresponds to the mass of the structure to be erected on the site. To further improve compaction, vertically oriented drainage pipes (so-called "vertical drains") can be drilled into the soil. This method is also known as "preloading." A disadvantage of this method, however, is that the fill material must be laboriously removed from the soil after compaction.Furthermore, the compaction of the subsoil is not uniform, as the piled-up material exerts a comparatively low load on the subsoil, particularly at the edges. This results in less compaction at the edges compared to the central area. Due to the loose nature of the fill, the method cannot be used for compaction with arbitrarily high weights.

[0004] Another method for compacting subsoil is known as dynamic soil compaction. In this process, a drop plate, lifted by a crane, is dropped from a height onto the subsoil to be compacted. Typically, these plates, made of steel or concrete and weighing between six and 20 tons, are dropped from a height of up to 20 meters above the subsoil. This is intended to accelerate the compaction of the subsoil. This process is repeated at various points on the subsoil.

[0005] A disadvantage of the aforementioned method has been found to be that compaction only occurs in certain areas. Furthermore, the method is extremely complex. It has also been shown that this type of compaction is not suitable for all types of soil. For example, the method is not suitable for soils with a particularly high clay content or high organic content.

[0006] In addition to these, various other state-of-the-art methods are known for compacting building foundations. These include, for example, so-called soil mixing (also known as deep cement mixing, DCM), milling mixing, vibratory compaction, and vibro-compaction. However, all of the aforementioned methods involve interfering with the building foundation. For instance, in soil mixing, mixing tools are used to break up the soil and then mix it with water and a binder, typically cement, to form a suspension.

[0007] An alternative method for compacting subsoil is described in German patent DE 742 166. This patent discloses a support structure that can be filled with water or gravel, upon which a building is erected. As the building grows, the water is drained from the support structure to maintain a constant load on the subsoil. In this way, the support structure is intended to simulate the load acting on the subsoil from the outset and thus cause the subsoil to settle.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to develop an alternative method for compaction in which the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art are eliminated and which is characterized at the same time by a particularly simple implementation.

[0009] Starting from the aforementioned method, the above problem is solved by the method according to the invention with the features according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0010] The method according to the invention provides for at least four process steps:

[0011] In a first step of the process, at least two structural elements are erected on the building site. Each of the structural elements includes at least one concrete block. The block can preferably be made of solid material.

[0012] In a second process step, the components are connected to each other using at least one connecting element. This creates a composite structure.

[0013] In a third step of the process, the subsoil is loaded with the building elements for a predetermined period of time. This compacts the subsoil due to the weight of the building elements acting upon it.

[0014] In a final step, the building components are removed from the ground. This removal is residue-free and non-destructive. In other words, the components are removed from the ground in such a way that no residue remains. Furthermore, the removal process does not damage the components. Therefore, the building components can be reused.

[0015] It may be intended that the connecting element is removed from the building elements before they are removed, in order to simplify dismantling. However, it is equally conceivable that the building elements are not separated from one another in order to speed up or simplify the dismantling process. Particularly if a large number of building elements are erected on the construction site, it may be intended that at least some of the building elements remain connected to one another by means of one or more connecting elements during dismantling.

[0016] The method according to the invention has many advantages. In particular, especially with regard to the "preloading" method, the method enables particularly easy dismantling of the building elements, since the building elements can be easily removed from the ground, for example by means of a crane. The removal of large quantities of bulk material is therefore unnecessary. Furthermore, a uniform load on the ground can be achieved using the method according to the invention.

[0017] Another advantage is that the building elements can be reused after the compaction of a building site. For example, the building elements can be used to compact another building site.

[0018] A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the components are arranged, preferably without gaps, side by side and / or on top of each other on the building base. In other words, the components of one plane and / or different planes are packed as densely as possible. Preferably, the side surfaces and / or top and bottom surfaces of the components lie close together so that there are no gaps between the components.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the weight of a component is in the range between 1 ton and 10 tons. The components can thus be used to assemble the desired total weight in a modular fashion by placing the components on the construction site in a corresponding number.

[0020] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the total weight of the composite structure corresponds to, and preferably exceeds, the weight of a structure to be erected on the ground later, so that a surcharge load exerted by the structure on the ground is generated by means of the composite structure. In this way, the effects of the structure on the ground can be "simulated" before construction begins, allowing for the deliberate induction of ground settlement. Furthermore, adjusting the total weight of the composite structure ensures that no further ground settlement occurs subsequently.

[0021] One preferred design provides for the assembly of building elements to be erected on the building site for a period of six months to two years. Tests have shown that this duration is suitable and necessary to achieve satisfactory compaction of the building site.

[0022] An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the assembly of structural elements has a height in the range of 1 m to 50 m, preferably between 10 m and 30 m. In combination with the aforementioned weight, such a height has proven particularly useful for imitating the weight of a building.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the component comprises at least two building blocks connected to form a partial assembly. In other words, a component can comprise several building blocks connected to form a partial assembly. This partial assembly is preferably formed before the components are placed on the building site. If two components are used, each comprising at least two building blocks, the partial assemblies formed from each of the two building blocks are connected to form the assembly. The connection of the partial assemblies is preferably formed only after the components have been placed on the building site. It is also, of course, possible for only one of the components to comprise several building blocks.It is equally conceivable that more than two building blocks, for example six building blocks, are connected to each other and form a building element.

[0024] According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the building blocks of the components comprise a hardened mixture comprising at least one aggregate, at least one liquid, and at least one binder. Such a composition has proven particularly advantageous for ensuring simple and rapid production of the building blocks. Furthermore, the composition makes it possible to provide the required weight.

[0025] An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the aggregate is gravel or sand, particularly desert sand. The use of desert sand offers the particular advantage of being available in virtually inexhaustible quantities in nature. Furthermore, the use of desert sand is also particularly advantageous with regard to nature conservation. The production of the building blocks can thus preferably take place in desert sand-rich regions such as Algeria, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, or Oman. The finished building blocks and / or components can then be easily transported by ship to the desired location.

[0026] A particularly advantageous further development of the method according to the invention provides that the liquid is fresh water or salt water. In particular, the use of salt water enables a particularly resource-efficient production of the building blocks of the components.

[0027] Preferably, the binder can be cement or lime mortar. These two binders enable particularly cost-effective production of the building components. The use of liquid reactive resins is also conceivable, for example, thermosets such as epoxy resin (EP), unsaturated polyester resin (UP), and polyurethane (PUR), but also thermoplastics such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The curing of the aforementioned binders preferably occurs after the addition of reactive agents (hardeners, initiators) through polyaddition or polymerization.

[0028] A further embodiment of the invention provides that the building blocks of the components have a triangular, rectangular, pentagonal, octagonal, or hexagonal cross-section. The aforementioned cross-sections have the advantage that the building blocks can be arranged seamlessly side by side in a plane. For this purpose, the building blocks can be arranged with their side faces abutting each other in a plane.

[0029] The use of a hexagonal cross-section has proven particularly advantageous. When the building blocks are arranged side by side, the adjacent faces prevent them from shifting relative to one another. This allows the blocks to be positioned with exceptional stability on the building site. The same applies to the use of building blocks with a pentagonal cross-section.

[0030] The aforementioned advantages apply equally to the components that contain the building blocks.

[0031] Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous if the building block has an opening, preferably centrally located, for the passage of at least one conveying element. The conveying element can preferably be in the form of a rod, preferably made of steel. If two building blocks with their respective openings are arranged congruently, the conveying element can be passed through both openings to connect the building blocks, and thus several components, to each other in a vertical direction. It is possible for the conveying element to be screwed to at least one building block on one side. Alternative fastening methods for the conveying element are also conceivable.

[0032] The means of transport enable not only the securing and stable connection of the building components of the building elements, but also the provision of a means of attaching means for lifting and transporting the building components.

[0033] An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the height exceeds a side length of the building block, preferably by a factor of 1.5, and more preferably by a factor of 2. For example, the building blocks—provided they are hexagonal in cross-section—may have a side or edge length of one meter, while the height of the building block is 1.5 meters. Likewise, the side length can exceed the height of the building block, preferably in the same ratio as described above.

[0034] According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the connecting element is designed to be H- or U-shaped.

[0035] For the purposes of the present invention, an H-shaped element is understood to be a form having four legs extending substantially perpendicularly from a web, preferably parallel to each other. If the connecting element is H-shaped, the legs arranged on one side of the web can be used to connect two components of a building element or two different building elements in one plane, while the other two legs can be used to connect two components of another building element or two further building elements in a higher position. The connection of the legs via the web enables a connection of the components of the building elements in the two planes, i.e., in the vertical direction, to each other, while any two legs enable a connection in the horizontal direction.

[0036] For the purposes of the present invention, a U-shaped form is understood to be one comprising a web and two legs extending from it, preferably at a right angle, the legs preferably being aligned parallel to each other. Connecting elements of the aforementioned type enable the connection of two building blocks in a horizontal direction. Preferably, the U-shaped connecting elements may be used for an uppermost layer, while the H-shaped connecting elements are used to connect building blocks of the layers below.

[0037] A further embodiment of the invention provides that the building blocks of the components have at least one reinforcing device cast into the building block. The reinforcing device can be cast into each building block. Preferably, the reinforcing device can be made of steel. It is particularly preferred that each building block has two reinforcing devices, the reinforcing devices being arranged at a distance from a top or bottom surface of each building block.

[0038] The reinforcing device prevents the concrete block from breaking. Preferably, the reinforcing device is completely cast into the block without being visible from the outside.

[0039] The reinforcement device can comprise at least two reinforcement elements, wherein a first reinforcement element is preferably ring-shaped and a second reinforcement element extends preferably in a straight line from the first reinforcement element towards an edge region of the component and further preferably comprises a ring element arranged at an end facing away from the first reinforcement element, wherein the cross-sections of the first reinforcement element and the ring element preferably lie in one plane. Preferably, the reinforcement device is thus formed from two ring elements connected to each other by means of a straight reinforcement element.

[0040] The first reinforcing element can serve to accommodate an end section of the transport device. The diameter of the first reinforcing element is adapted to a geometry, in particular a diameter, of the transport device. The ring element of the second reinforcing element can serve to accommodate an end section of a horizontal connecting element. If the horizontal connecting elements are H- or U-shaped, the ring elements can serve to accommodate one leg of the connecting elements.

[0041] The reinforcement device is therefore particularly advantageous with regard to the stability of the building block and thus also of the building element. Furthermore, the reinforcement device enables a particularly strong and secure connection between the building blocks or building elements. The ring elements of the reinforcement elements allow them to absorb lateral forces that, for example, can cause the building blocks or building elements to shift relative to each other in strong winds.

[0042] However, it is also possible for each component to have a plurality of reinforcing elements extending from the first reinforcing element. For example, if the component has a hexagonal cross-section, it may be provided that it has six reinforcing elements extending from a centrally arranged first reinforcing element, each of which is arranged at an angle of 60° to the others. The center point of the first annular reinforcing element preferably corresponds to the center point of the component. The ring elements arranged at the ends of the reinforcing elements extending from the first reinforcing element can be oriented such that each ring element is assigned to a side face of the component.The ring elements can preferably be arranged spaced apart from each side surface at the height of one half of the respective side surface.

[0043] On the other hand, the reinforcement device can have at least two reinforcement elements, wherein a first reinforcement element is preferably semicircular and a second reinforcement element extends preferably in a straight line from the first reinforcement element towards an edge region of the component and further preferably has a ring element arranged at an end facing away from the first reinforcement element, wherein the cross-sections of the first reinforcement element and the ring element preferably lie in one plane. In this case as well, it can be provided that each component has two reinforcement devices, each arranged at a distance from a top or bottom surface of the component.In the event that the building block has a hexagonal cross-section, it can be particularly advantageous if the building block is provided with three, preferably six, reinforcing devices of the type described above, preferably at a distance from the top and bottom surfaces, so that each side surface of the building block is assigned a ring element.

[0044] Furthermore, it can be particularly advantageous if the reinforcement device has a further reinforcement element which, like the second reinforcement element, extends in a straight line from the first reinforcement element towards the edge region and is provided with a ring element at its end. The two reinforcement elements, which are at least partially straight, can be arranged on a common straight line and connected to the semicircle of the first reinforcement element at one end, which is not provided with the ring element. Preferably, it can also be provided that each component has four reinforcement devices, with two of the reinforcement devices being arranged directly one below the other. The reinforcement devices are preferably designed according to the type described above.In the event that the building block has a hexagonal cross-section, it can be particularly advantageous if the building block has three, preferably six, of the aforementioned reinforcing devices, preferably spaced apart from the top and bottom surfaces, so that each side surface of the building block is assigned a ring element.

[0045] A further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the building blocks have at least one opening for at least the partial insertion of an end section of a horizontal connecting element that joins the building blocks in a horizontal direction, the opening preferably being in the form of a slotted opening. If the horizontal connecting element is H- or U-shaped, one leg can be inserted into one opening, while a second leg can be inserted into the opening of the second building block of a common building element or of a further building element. In this way, the building blocks or building elements can be connected to each other simply and securely in one plane.

[0046] It may be provided that a center point of the opening corresponds to a center point of a ring element of the second reinforcing element of the reinforcing device, so that the opening is reinforced by the reinforcing element. Examples of implementation

[0047] The method according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown in the figures. These show: Fig. 1: A vertical section through a building site to be compacted. Fig. 2: A vertical section through a composite of several building elements on the building site. Fig. 3: Prepare the building site Fig. 1 after compaction carried out by means of the composite. Fig. 4: A top view of a component of a building element made of Fig. 2. Fig. 5: Make a horizontal cut through the building block made of Fig. 4. Fig. 6: Make a vertical cut through the building block made of Fig. 4. Fig. 7: A first horizontal connecting element. Fig. 8: A second horizontal connecting element. Fig. 9: A top view of the reinforcement devices of the building components of the building elements made of Fig. 2 in a connected state. Fig. 10: A top view of the structure made of Fig. 2.

[0048] A method according to the invention for compacting a building ground 1 is described in the Fig. Figures 1 to 3 are shown. The building site 1 before compaction is shown in the Fig. 1 shown.

[0049] In a first step of the inventive method, as described in Fig. 2 recognizable - a composite 5 consisting of a plurality of building elements 2 erected on the building ground 1. The building elements 2 are each formed from a building block 3, which in connection with the Fig. This will be explained in more detail in sections 4 to 6. In the embodiment of the composite 5 shown in the figures, each component 2 is formed from a single building block 3. However, it would also be conceivable that at least one of the components 2 comprises a plurality of building blocks 3, which in turn are connected to each other to form a partial composite.

[0050] The building blocks 3 are then connected in a second process step using connecting elements 4, thus forming the assembly 5. The connecting elements 4 are used in conjunction with the Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 described in detail.

[0051] In a third process step, the subsoil 1 is loaded with the building elements 2. This loading is carried out for a predetermined period, preferably between six months and two years. As can be seen from a comparison between the Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 and it is evident that, due to the force acting on the subsoil 1, the subsoil 1 sinks or settles. In other words, the composite 5 "sinks" deeper into the subsoil 1 under load and compacts the latter in turn.

[0052] In a final step, the building elements 2 are removed from the subsoil 1. First, the connecting elements 4 are removed so that the building elements 2 can be separated from one another. The removal of the building elements 2 leaves no residue. The building elements 2 are also not destroyed in the process and can subsequently be reused – in particular for compacting another subsoil 1. The compacted subsoil 1 can then be used for construction. As a result of the aforementioned procedure, subsequent settlement of the subsoil 1 is advantageously prevented or at least significantly reduced.

[0053] Each of the building blocks 3 of the building elements 2 exhibits - as in the Fig. 4 and Fig. As can be seen in Figure 5, each building block 3 has a hexagonal cross-section. Furthermore, each building block 3 has a through-hole 6 with a first diameter 28, the through-hole 6 being centrally located. The through-hole 6 extends from a top surface 20 to a bottom surface 21 through the building block 3. Each building block 3 also has through-holes 16 with a second diameter 29, each in the form of a blind through-hole 18 or a blind bore. Six blind through-holes 18 are assigned to the top surface 20 and six to the bottom surface 21 of the building block 3. The blind through-holes 18 are arranged at an angle of 60° to each other.

[0054] Each of the openings 6 through the building blocks 3 serves to carry out a conveying means 10 connecting the building blocks 3 in a vertical direction, which is located in the Fig. Figure 2 shows that the transport device 10 enables, in particular, the easy placement of several building elements 2, for example by means of a crane. Appropriate means for lifting the building elements 3 can be attached to the transport device 10.

[0055] The bag openings 18 serve to connect the building blocks 3 to each other by receiving end sections 17 of horizontal connecting elements 4, 9, which are in connection with the Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 will be described in more detail.

[0056] Furthermore, the building blocks 3, as in particular from Fig. As can be seen in Figure 5, each component 3 is provided with two reinforcement devices 11 cast into it. The reinforcement devices 11 of the components 3 each comprise seven reinforcement elements 12, 13: A first reinforcement element 12 of the reinforcement device 11 is ring-shaped and centrally located. The center point of the first reinforcement element 12 lies on the center point of the opening 6 of the component 3. The other six reinforcement elements 13 extend from the first reinforcement element 12 towards an edge region 14 of the component 3 and are each straight, with a ring element 15 arranged in an end section 17 of each reinforcement element 13. The six reinforcement elements 13 extend radially from the first reinforcement element 12, with the ring elements 15 facing away from the first reinforcement element 12.The six reinforcing elements 13 are arranged at an angle of 60° to each other. The reinforcing devices 11 are each arranged at a distance 24 from a top surface 20 and a bottom surface 21 of the respective building block 3, as shown in . Fig. 6 is recognizable.

[0057] The building blocks 3, in addition to the reinforcing elements 11, consist entirely of concrete. These building blocks 3 are formed from a hardened mixture comprising an aggregate, a liquid, and a binder. The aggregate is desert sand, the liquid is seawater, and the binder is cement.

[0058] The building blocks 3 each have a height of 1.5 m. Each side of building block 3 has a side length of 1 m. The building blocks 3 weigh approximately 8 t. The one in the Fig. The composite structure 5 shown in Figure 2 thus has a height 7 of 4.5 m and a total weight of 144 t. This total weight essentially corresponds to the weight of a structure to be erected later on the building site 1, for example, a house.

[0059] To connect the building elements 2 in one plane, horizontal connecting elements 4, 9 are provided, wherein the assembly shown in the figures is provided by means of two types of connecting elements 4, 9: a first connecting element 4, 9 of type C is in the Fig. 7 shown. The connecting element 4, 9 of type C is made of steel and, viewed in cross-section, has a clamp-like shape. It has a web 25 and two straight legs 26 extending from it at an angle of 90° each. The connecting element 4, 9 of type D, which is shown in the Fig. Figure 8 is also made of steel, but is H-shaped. The connecting element 4, 9 of type D thus has a web 25 and four legs 26 extending from it.

[0060] To connect individual building elements 2 in one plane, a connecting element 4, 9 of type C or a connecting element 4, 9 of type D can be used. For this purpose, the connecting element 4, 9 can be inserted with its legs 26 into the perforations 18 of the building blocks 3. If the connecting element 4, 9 of type C is used, one leg 26 is inserted into a perforation 18 of a building block 3 of one building element 2, while the other leg 26 is inserted into a perforation 18 of a building block 3 of the other building element 2. When using the connecting element 4, 9 of type D, the connection is made in the same way. However, when the two building elements 2 are connected, the two opposite legs 26 of the connecting element 4, 9 of type D protrude above the respective top surface 20 of the building blocks 3 of the building elements 2. The connection of several building elements 2 by means of a connecting element 4, 9 is in the Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 shown. For better visibility, in the Fig. 9 each shows only one amplification device 11 of a building block 3 of the building elements 2.

[0061] Components 2 arranged in a plane, as shown in the Fig. The 10 components, which are recognizable, can be arranged side by side essentially without gaps due to the hexagonal cross-section of the building blocks 3. The arrangement of the building elements 2, or rather the building blocks 3, thus corresponds to a honeycomb pattern. The building blocks 3 can also be arranged on top of each other without gaps in the vertical direction.

[0062] If the building elements 2 have been connected to each other in a first layer 27a, which forms a base layer 30, by means of a connecting element 4, 9 of type D, a second layer 27b of building elements 2 can simply be placed on the base layer 30. Legs 26 protruding from the respective surface of the building elements 3 can be used for this purpose. These can then be inserted from a bottom surface 21 of the building elements 3 into the respective openings 18, as shown in the Fig. 2 is recognizable. Subsequently, the building blocks 3 of the building elements 2 can be connected to each other in the plane by means of further connecting elements 4, 9. In the case of a stacking of three layers 27a, 27b, 27c, as in Fig.As shown in Figure 2, the third layer 27c can be connected to the second layer 27b by means of connecting elements 4, 9 of type D. To connect the components 2 or the building blocks 3 of the third layer 27c to each other in the corresponding plane, connecting elements 4, 9 of type C can be used so that the surface of the third layer 27c is planar.

[0063] To enable the structural elements 2 to be firmly connected and transported vertically, a transport element 10 is guided through the openings 6 of the congruently stacked building blocks 3 of the structural elements 2. The transport element 10 is in the form of a steel rod. Each transport element 10 is fixed to the underside 21 of the building block 3 of the structural element 2 in the first layer 27a or to the top side 20 of the building block 3 of the structural element 2 in the third layer 27c. In addition to the legs 26, the transport elements 10 prevent the structural elements 2 or the building blocks 3 of a layer 27a, 27b, 27c from shifting relative to the structural elements 2 or building blocks 3 of a layer 27b, 27c located above them. The rods also allow for the transport or easy placement of the building blocks 3 on the building base 1, for example, using a crane. Reference symbol list 1 Building plot 2 Component 3 building blocks 4 Connecting element 5 network 6 Breakthrough 7 Height 8 side length 9 horizontal connecting element 10 means of transport 11. Amplification device 12 first reinforcement element 13 additional reinforcement elements 14 Edge area 15 ring element 16 Breakthrough 17 Final section 18 Sack breakthrough 19 Diameter of the opening 20 Top 21 Underside 22 Diameter of the bag opening 23 End section of the reinforcement element 24 distance 25 Bridge 26 thighs 27a first layer 27b second layer 27c third layer 28 Diameter of the opening 29 Diameter of the bag opening 30 Baseline C horizontal connecting element The horizontal connecting element

Claims

[1] Method for compacting a building site (1) comprising the following process steps: a. Setting up at least two building elements (2) on the building ground (1), each building element (2) comprising at least one concrete block (3). b. Connecting the components (2) together by means of at least one connecting element (4, 9) to form a composite (5). c. Loading the subsoil (1) with the building elements (2) for a specified period of time. d. Removal of the building elements (2) from the building ground (1), wherein the removal of the building elements (2) is carried out without leaving any residue and without destruction. [2] Method according to claim 1, characterized by that the building elements (2) are placed, preferably without gaps, next to each other and / or on top of each other on the building ground (1). [3] Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the weight of a component (2) is in the range between 1 t and 10 t. [4] Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the total weight of the composite (5) corresponds to, preferably exceeds, the weight of a structure to be erected later on the ground (1), so that a surcharge load acting on the ground (1) by the structure is generated by means of the composite (5). [5] Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the assembly (5) of the building elements (2) is erected on the building ground (1) for a period of time ranging from six months to two years. [6] Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the assembly (5) of the building elements (2) has a height (7) in the range between 1 m and 50 m, preferably between 10 m and 30 m. [7] Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the component (2) has at least two components (3) connected together to form a partial composite. [8] Method according to claim 7, characterized by , that the building block (3) has a hardened mixture comprising the mixture - at least one additive, - at least one liquid and - at least one binder. [9] Method according to claim 8, characterized by that the aggregate is gravel or sand, especially desert sand. [10] Method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized by that the liquid is fresh water or salt water. [11] Method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized by that the binding agent is cement or lime mortar. [12] Method according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized by, that the building block (3) has a triangular, rectangular, pentagonal, octagonal or hexagonal cross-section. [13] Method according to any one of claims 7 to 12, characterized by that the building block (3) has a, preferably centrally arranged, opening (6) for the passage of at least one means of conveyance (10). [14] Method according to any one of claims 7 to 13, characterized by , that a height (7) exceeds a side length (8) of the building block (3), preferably by 1.5 times, and more preferably by 2 times the side length (8) or vice versa. [15] Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the connecting element (4, 9) is H- or U-shaped. [16] Method according to any one of claims 7 to 15, characterized by that the component (3) has at least one reinforcing device (11) cast into the component (3), wherein the reinforcing device (11) preferably either - has at least two reinforcing elements (12, 13), wherein a first reinforcing element (12) is preferably ring-shaped and a second reinforcing element (13) extends from the first reinforcing element (12) preferably in a straight line towards an edge region (14) of the building block (3) and further preferably has a ring element (15) arranged at an end facing away from the first reinforcing element (12), wherein the cross-sections of the first reinforcing element (12) and the ring element (15) preferably lie in one plane or - has at least two reinforcing elements (12), wherein a first reinforcing element (12) is preferably semicircular and a second reinforcing element extends from the first reinforcing element (12) preferably in a straight line towards an edge region (14) of the building block (3) and further preferably has a ring element (15) arranged at an end facing away from the first reinforcing element (12), wherein the cross-sections of the first reinforcing element (12) and the ring element (15) preferably lie in one plane. [17] Method according to any one of claims 7 to 16, characterized by , that the building blocks (3) have at least one opening (16) for at least partial insertion of an end section (23) of a horizontal connecting element (4, 9) connecting the building blocks (3) in a horizontal direction, wherein the opening (16) is preferably formed in the form of a bag opening (18).

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